Kolopterna Graham, 1987

Yegorenkova, Ekaterina N. & Yefremova, Zoya A., 2024, Revision of the genus Kolopterna Graham (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae), with description of three new species, Israel Journal of Entomology 53 (17), pp. 63-91 : 64-66

Genus Kolopterna Graham, 1987

Type species: Kolopterna salina Graham, 1987: 80 .

Diagnosis: The genus Kolopterna was first diagnosed by Graham (1987): “First segment of mid and hind tarsi much shorter than second segment. Forewing with marginal vein shorter than or at most as long as costal cell. Antenna of ♀ with 3 anelli, the first two discoid, the third large … funicle and clava each with 3 segments. Antenna of ♂ with ventral plaque of scape placed in upper half; with 2 anelli, 4 funical segments and 3 claval segments. … Malar sulcus with oblong or sublinear fovea below eye. Genitalia of ♂ very elongate, as in Sigmophora .”

Identification: The first key to species of Kolopterna was published by Graham (1987). More than 30 years later, Kostyukov and Kosheleva (2018) produced a key for 13 Palearctic species, without illustrations. Our illustrated key includes 14 species from the Palearctic and Oriental regions; females are known for all species, while males are known for seven species only.

Hosts: Asphondylia punica Marchal, 1897 ( Diptera , Cecidomyiidae ) on Atriplex halimus L. ( DoĞanlar & Elsayed 2013,). New host record for Kolopterna is Baldratia arida Dorchin, 2019 ( Cecidomyiidae ).

Distribution: Palearctic: Europe ( Greece, Spain, Italy, Russia (European part), East Mediterranean (* Cyprus, Egypt, * Israel, * Jordan), Middle Asia ( Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan), and Oriental: Pakistan, * Laos.

Keys to species of Kolopterna

(males are known for seven species only)

1 Forewing with apical margin, between PMV and apex of wing, bare; speculum open below ( Fig. 7F) ..........................................................................................2

– Forewing with apical margin, between PMV and apex of wing, ciliate; speculum closed below ( Fig. 6F)........................................................................................5

2 Submedian lines on scutellum present ( Fig. 5B) ...............................................3

– Submedian lines on scutellum absent ................................................................4

3 Gaster 1.7–2.0× as long as wide; F1 2.8–3.0×, clava 2.0× as long as wide ( Fig. 7A). Male with ventral plaque 0.30× length of scape, F1 1.6×, clava 4.6× as long as wide, whorls of F1 reaching ½ of F2 ( Fig. 7H)....................... K. nettae n. sp.

– Gaster 2.3× as long as wide; F1 2.75 ×, clava 2.6× as long as wide ( Fig. 3D, E). Male with ventral plaque 0.27× as long as scape, F1 1.8×, clava 5.0× as long as wide; whorls of F1 reaching tip of F3 ( Fig. 3F)............... K. kohatensis Graham

4 POL 2.2× OOL; F1 2.6×, clava 3.2× as long as wide ( Fig. 4F). Male unknown. .......................................................................................................... K. lao n. sp.

– POL 1.3× OOL; F1 3.4×, clava 2.2× as long as wide. Male with ventral plaque 0.23× as long as scape, F1 1.6×, whorls of F1 reaching basal ⅓ of F3 ( DoĞanlar, 2013: 1802, fig. 2e) ............................................................. K. aymani DoĞanlar

5 Submedian lines on scutellum present...............................................................6

– Submedian lines on scutellum absent ..............................................................11

6 Legs with at least hind coxae brown..................................................................7

– Legs with all coxae yellow ...............................................................................9

7 All coxae brown in both sexes. Male with ventral plaque 0.30× as long as scape, F1 1.8×, clava 6.0× as long as wide, antenna with whorled setae of F1 reaching ½ of F3 ............................................................................. K. quartensis Graham

– Only hind coxae brown. Males unknown ..........................................................8

8 Gaster 2.4× as long as wide; F1 1.5× as long as wide ......................................... ............................................................... K. kasparyani Kostjukov & Kosheleva

– Gaster 2.8× as long as wide; F1 2.0× as long as wide ......................................... ...................................................................................... K. sugonjaevi Kostjukov

9 F1 4.7–5.0× as long as wide. Male with ventral plaque 0.40× as long as scape, F1 2.3×, clava 6.0–6.7× as long as wide ( Fig. 10B, C), whorls of F3 reaching ½ of C1........................................................................................ K. salina Graham

– F1 1.4–3.2× as long as wide ( Fig. 1C). Male with different combination of characters..........................................................................................................10

10 POL 1.8× as long as OOL. Male with ventral plaque 0.50× as long as scape, F1 1.5× as long as wide, clava 4.8× as long as wide................................................. .......................................................... K. nikolskayae Kostjukov & Yegorenkova

– POL 1.5× as long as OOL ( Fig. 1C). Male with ventral plaque 0.20× as long as scape ( Fig. 1D), F1 2.4× as long as wide, clava 6.0–7.0× as long as wide ......... ................................................................................................. K. blascoi Askew

11 Gaster entirely brown ( Figs 5A, 6A, C) in both sexes. Male with ventral plaque 0.75× as long as scape ( Fig. 6E), F1 2.5×, F2, F3 3.0×, F4 2.5×, clava 5.0× as long as wide, whorled setae of F1 reaching apex of F2....................................... .................................................................................. K. nartshukae (Kostjukov)

– Gaster yellow with brown transverse bands in females. Males unknown .......12

12 Gaster 4.0× as long as wide ( Fig. 4A) ............................................................... .......................................................... K. kurdjumovi Kostjukov & Yegorenkova

– Gaster 2.0–3.4× as long as wide ......................................................................13

13 F1 3.2× as long as wide, F1 1.25× as F2. Gaster 3.3–3.4× as long as wide ...... ........................................................................................ K. desulcata Kostjukov

– F1 3.8× as long as wide F1 1.5× as F2. Gaster 2.0–2.3× as long as wide........... ............................................................................................. K. turkmenica n. sp.