Hubbardiidae (Schizomida), 1899

Monjaraz-Ruedas, Rodrigo, Prendini, Lorenzo & Francke, Oscar F., 2019, Systematics Of The Short-Tailed Whipscorpion Genus Stenochrus Chamberlin, 1922 (Schizomida: Hubbardiidae), With Descriptions Of Six New Genera And Five New Species, Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 2019 (435), pp. 1-93 : 16-17

Key to Identification of the North American Genera of Hubbardiidae (Schizomida)

1. Cheliceral fixed finger with two teeth between two primary teeth, serrula composed of blunt teeth; pedipalp trochanter without prolateral spur; tarsal spurs symmetric; pygidial flagellum cylindrical, not dorsoventrally compressed ( ♂), with five flagellomeres ( ♀); spermathecae ( ♀) with one pair of lobes and without chitinized arch....... ................ Protoschizomidae Rowland, 1975

– Cheliceral fixed finger with three or more teeth between two primary teeth, serrula composed of several hyaline teeth (fig. 12); pedipalp trochanter with prolateral spur; tarsal spurs asymmetric; pygidial flagellum dorsoventrally compressed or globose ( ♂), with three or four flagellomeres ( ♀); spermathecae ( ♀) with two or more pairs of lobes and chitinized arch (figs. 8, 9).................................2 ( Hubbardiidae Cook, 1899 )

2. Pedipalp femur, prolateral surface with four setae ( Fvr); opisthosomal segment XII ( ♂) with conspicuous posterodorsal process; spermathecae ( ♀) with more than three pairs of extremely short, broad, and rounded lobes, clustered in groups.............. ................................... Hubbardia Cook, 1899

– Pedipalp femur, prolateral surface with three setae ( Fvr); opisthosomal segment XII ( ♂) with or without inconspicuous posterodorsal process; spermathecae ( ♀) usually with two or four pairs of long, filiform lobes, not clustered in groups (figs. 8–10)...................3

3. Opisthosomal segment II with four setae; pedipalp femur ( ♂), setae Fv 1 and Fv 2 forming spiniform setiferous tubercles; prolateral tarsal spur ( ♂) present; pygidial flagellum ( ♀) with four flagellomeres................. Mayazomus Reddell and Cokendolpher, 1995

– Opisthosomal segment II with two setae; pedipalp femur ( ♂), setae Fv 1 and Fv 2 acuminate, setiform or spiniform; prolateral tarsal spur ( ♂) absent; pygidial flagellum ( ♀) with three flagellomeres....................4

4. Cheliceral movable finger with lamella or teeth (fig. 12B, C)...........................................5

– Cheliceral movable finger smooth (fig. 12A).......8

5. Opisthosomal segment XII with small, inconspicuous posterodorsal process ( ♂); pygidial flagellum ( ♂) usually globose; spermathecae ( ♀), lateral lobes greatly reduced (usually absent) compared to median lobes, and usually with apical bulbs............................................................ Pacal Reddell and Cokendolpher, 1995

– Opisthosomal segment XII without posterodorsal process ( ♂); pygidial flagellum ( ♂) dorsoventrally compressed; spermathecae ( ♀), lateral and median lobes subequal, without apical bulbs................................6

6. Opisthosomal segments VIII–XI ( ♂) elongated (fig. 18 C) ; pygidial flagellum ( ♂) elongated with posterior constriction in dorsal view (fig. 19D–F); spermathecae ( ♀), chitinized arch mug shaped (fig. 8E, F).......... Heteroschizomus Rowland, 1973 , stat. rev.

– Opisthosomal segments VIII–XI ( ♂) not elongated (fig. 15); pygidial flagellum ( ♂) elliptical or trilobed (figs. 19G–I, 23G–I); spermathecae ( ♀), chitinized arch wih lateral tips projected and acute (fig. 9A, B, F)..............7

7. Cheliceral movable finger with lamella (fig. 12C); pedipalp patella with five Pm setae, tibia setal formula 5-5-6 (fig. 14C); pygidial flagellum ( ♂) with pair of dorsosubmedian circular depressions, without projections (fig. 19G–I); spermathecae ( ♀), lateral and median lobes equal, with several apical sclerotizations in both pairs of lobes, creating appearence of leafy tree (fig. 9A, B) ............................................ Nahual , gen. nov.

– Cheliceral movable finger serrate, comprising several small teeth (fig. 13I); pedipalp patella with four Pm setae, tibia setal formula 3-3-4 (fig. 14D); pygidial flagellum ( ♂) without depressions and with pair of dorsosubmedian projections (fig. 23G–I); spermathecae ( ♀), lateral lobes reduced to approximately 3/4 the length of median lobes, without apical sclerotizations in both pairs of lobes (fig. 9F)............................. ......................... Troglostenochrus , gen. nov.

8. Propeltidium with three pairs of dorsal setae (fig. 11A)......................................................9

– Propeltidium with two pairs of dorsal setae (fig. 11B)....................................................11

9. Pedipalp tibia with prominent lateral spur; spermathecae ( ♀) with four asymmetric pairs of hand-shaped lobes; pygidial flagellum ( ♂) globose, with medial depression.................................. Sotanostenochrus Reddell and Cokendolpher, 1991

– Pedipalp tibia without lateral spur; pygidial flagellum ( ♂) deltoid/spear shaped (figs. 16D–F, 19A– C), with paired submedian depressions ; spermathecae ( ♀) with two pairs of filiform lobes..........................10

10. Pedipalp tibia, setal formula 3-3-5 (fig. 14B); pygidial flagellum ( ♂) bulbous/spear shaped, with paired submedian depressions not fused posteriorly (fig. 19A– C) ; spermathecae ( ♀), median lobes parenthesis shaped, apex laterally directed, median and lateral lobe bases aligned, chitinized arch U-shaped (fig. 9 C)............................. ............................... Schizophyxia , gen. nov .

– Pedipalp tibia, setal formula 4-3-5 (fig. 14A); pygidial flagellum ( ♂) deltoid (fig. 16A–F), with paired posterior depressions fused posteriorly; spermathecae ( ♀), median lobes straight, apex vertically directed, median lobe bases posterior to lateral lobe bases, chitinized arch inverse arch shaped (fig. 8A)............... Ambulantactus , gen. nov.

11. Pedipalps ( ♂) robust; pedipalp femur ( ♂), setae Fv 1 and Fv 2 forming spiniform setiferous tubercles, Fe 1, Fe 5, Ter 7 and Tir 5 spiniform; pygidial flagellum ( ♂) elliptical to lanceolate, with pair of dorsosubmedian depressions fused posteriorly; spermathecae ( ♀), lateral lobes swollen, drop shaped....... ............................ Olmecazomus , nom. nov.

– Pedipalps ( ♂) homeomorphic; pedipalp femur ( ♂), setae Fe 1, Fe 5, Fv 1, Fv 2, Ter 7 and Tir 5 acuminate, setiform; pygidial flagellum ( ♂) ovate, subrhomboidal, or bulbous (figs. 16G–I, 23D–F), with pair of dorsosubmedian pits or depressions not fused posteriorly; spermathecae ( ♀), lateral lobes slender, filiform (figs. 8B, D)........................12

12. Pedipalp trochanter, apical process with bump (fig. 7C, H); pygidial flagellum ( ♂) subrhomboidal, and acuminate or lanceolate posteriorly (fig. 19A– C), with pair of shallow dorsosubmedian pits ; spermathecae ( ♀), lateral lobes at least 2/3 the length of, or longer than, median lobes, and with apical bulbs (fig. 8 C, D).................................. ................................ Harveyus , gen. nov .

– Pedipalp trochanter, apical process acute or absent (fig. 7B); pygidial flagellum ( ♂) elliptical, cordate or bulbose, and not acuminate or lanceolate posteriorly (fig. 23D–F), with pair of deep dorsosubmedian pits or without dorsal depressions; spermathecae ( ♀), lateral lobes at most half the length of median lobes, and without apical bulbs (figs. 8B, 9E).....................................13

13. Pygidial flagellum ( ♂) ovate or cordate, with pair of dorsosubmedian pits embedded in dorsomedian depression (fig. 20B); spermathecae ( ♀), median lobes similar width to lateral lobes (fig. 10 C), curved laterally (J-shaped or parenthesis shaped) and sclerotized apically, median lobe bases posterior to lateral lobe bases (figs. 9E, 10 C)............ .................. Stenochrus Chamberlin, 1922

– Pygidial flagellum ( ♂) bulbous, without dorsal depressions or pits (fig. 16G–I); spermathecae ( ♀), median lobes broader than lateral lobes, slightly curved laterally and apically, and unsclerotized apically (fig. 8B), median and lateral lobe bases aligned (fig. 10A) ............................................ Baalrog , gen. nov.