Teucrium L.

Tutin, T. G., Heywood, V. H., Burges, N. A., Moore, D. M., Valentine, D. H., Walters, S. M. & Webb, D. A., 1972, Flora Europaea. Volume 3. Diapensiacea to Myoporaceae, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press : 129-130

2. Teucrium L. 1

Herbs or shrubs. Calyx tubular or campanulate, 2-lipped or actinomorphic, 5-toothed, the teeth equal or the upper the largest. Corolla with one 5-lobed lip; tube without a ring of hairs inside, often included in the calyx. Nutlets smooth or reticulate.

1 All leaves 1- to 2-pinnatifid or pinnatisect, the linear or oblong lobes extending almost or quite to the midrib

2 Annual; calyx gibbous at base, the teeth shorter than the tube 18. botrys 2 Perennial; calyx not gibbous at base, the teeth as long as or longer than the tube

3 Corolla c. 5 mm, not much longer than calyx 5. campanulatum 3 Corolla 10- 15 mm, about twice as long as calyx 4. pseudochamaepitys 1 Leaves entire, crenate or serrate, rarely some deeply lobed

4 Branches ending in spines which are leafless or with very small leaves

5 Annual herb; stems glandular and pubescent or villous 16. spinosum 5 Small shrub; stems grey- or white-tomentose, eglandular

29. subspinosum 4 Notspinose

6 Calyx 2-lipped

7 Verticillasters crowded in a dense, not or scarcely secund, spike-like inflorescence

8 Corolla whitish

9 Leaves cuneate to rounded at base; corolla 1 j times as long as calyx; stamens exserted 6. arduini 9 Leaves cordate to truncate at base; corolla scarcely longer than calyx; stamens included 7. lamifolium 8 Corolla pink, violet or purple

10 Calyx (6-)7-8 mm; middle tooth of upper lip nearly twice as long as the lateral tooth 9. francisci-werneri 10 Calyx not more than 5- 5 mm; middle tooth of upper lip

not or scarcely longer than the lateral teeth

11 Calyx 3-5^4-5 mm; teeth all nearly equal in length

10. heliotropifolium 11 Calyx (4-)5-5'5mm; teeth of lower lip much longer than those of upper lip 8. halacsyanum 7 Verticillasters forming a lax, secund inflorescence 12 Leavesgraduallynarrowedatbase 14. asiaticum

Leaves rounded to cordate or truncate at 13 Corolla usually greenish-yellow 11. scorodonia 13 Corolla pink or purplish 14 Fruiting calyx obscurely reticulate-veined 12. massiliense 14 Fruiting calyx strongly reticulate-veined 13. salviastrum 5 Calyx not 2-lipped 15 Inflorescence not capitate, longer than wide 16 Leaves entire 17 Calyx gibbous at base 18 Leaves linear-lanceolate to rhombic, ±acute; inflorescence dense 28. marum 18 Leaves suborbicular, rounded at apex; inflorescence lax

10. heliotropifolium 17 Calyx not gibbous at base 19 Leaves not densely tomentose above, often glabrescent

1. fruticans 19 Leaves persistently grey-tomentose above

20 Twigs green or brown; leaves oblong to linear

2. brevifolium

Twigs white-tomentose; leaves obovate to oblong 3. aroanium 16 Leaves crenate, toothed or lobed 21 Herb, not woody at base 22 Perennial; corolla purplish 15. scordium 22 Annual; corolla yellowish 17. resupinatum 21 Dwarf shrub 23 Leaves at least 3 times as long as wide 20. webbianum 23 Leaves at most twice as long as wide

24 Stems glabrous 22. lucidum

24 Stems more or less pubescent or villous

25 Stems and leaves densely villous

26 Leaves truncate at base 32. rotundifolium

26 Leaves cuneate at base

27 Inflorescence dense, spike-like; bracts (except the lowest) entire 30. compactum

27 Inflorescence lax; bracts (except sometimes the uppermost) leaf-like, crenate or serrate

28 Verticillasters usually 4-flowered 26. fragile

28 Verticillasters usually 2-flowered 25. intricatimi

25 Stems and leaves variously hairy to subglabrous, but not densely villous

29 Rhizomatous; stems woody at base only

30 Leaves subglabrous to moderately hairy with patent or irregularly arranged hairs

19. chamaedrys

30 Leaves velutinous beneath 21. krymense

29 Not rhizomatous; stems woody, except for ultimate branches

31 Leaves c. 5 mm 27. microphyllum

31 Most leaves 10 mm or more

32 Corolla yellow; petiole as long as the width of the lamina 24. flavum

32 Corolla pink or purple; petiole shorter than the width of the lamina 23. divaricatimi 15 Inflorescence capitate, the heads usually wider than long 33 Leaves entire or with fewer than 3 crenations on each side 34 Leaves in whorls of 4 40. libanitis 34 Leaves opposite 35 Leaves less than 10 mm

36 Leaves hairy on both surfaces 38. thymifolium

36 Leaves glabrous above

37 Flowers in compound heads 44. turredanum

37 Flowers in simple heads 43. pumilum 35 Leaves more than 12 mm

38 Calyx with patent hairs at the base 42. aragonense

38 Calyx glabrous, or uniformly hairy with appressed hairs 39 Flowers in compound heads

40 Leaves densely hairy above 39. cossonii

40 Leaves glabrous or subglabrous above 44. turredanum

39 Flowers in simple heads

41 Calyx 7-10 mm 37. montanum

41 Calyx 4-5 mm 43. pumilum

33 Leaves with at least 3 crenations on each side 42 Leaves ovate, obovate or orbicular 43 Stems with patent hairs 44 Leaves up to 25 mm; calyx 10-12 mm 31. pyrenaicum

44 Leaves up to 15 mm; calyx less than 10 mm

45 Principal veins of calyx conspicuous 32. rotundifolium

45 Principal veins of calyx obscured by indumentum

36. alpestre

43 Stems with appressed hairs 46 Leaves at least 8 mm wide; indumentum very dense,

greenish 35. cuneifolium

46 Leaves less than 8 mm wide; indumentum grey

47 Leaves more densely hairy beneath than above

33. buxifolium

47 Leaves equally hairy on both surfaces 34. freynii

42 Leaves narrowly ovate to narrowly oblong or spathulate 48 Leaves in whorls of 3 or 4 49 Stems sparsely hairy with patent hairs 48. haenseleri

49 Stems densely hairy with appressed hairs 45. polium

48 Leaves opposite 50 Calyx 6-8 mm 41. carthaginense

50 Calyx 2-5-5 mm

51 Hairs at leaf-apex predominantly glandular

49. charidemi

51 Hairs at leaf-apex predominantly eglandular

52 Corolla creamy-yellow, the proximal lobes spathulate, widening slightly towards apex 36. alpestre

52 Corolla white or red, the proximal lobes rounded or triangular, narrowing towards apex

53 Terminal flower-heads with more than 20 flowers

54 Leaves shortly petiolate; inflorescence narrowly oblong to subglobose 45. polium

54 Leaves sessile; inflorescence subglobose

47. eriocephalum

53 Terminal flower-heads with 3-20 flowers

55 Calyx evenly hairy; leaves with 2-5(-9) crenations 45. polium

55 Calyx with hairs denser towards base; leaves with

5-9 crenations 46. gnaphalodes