Pinguicula L.

Tutin, T. G., Heywood, V. H., Burges, N. A., Moore, D. M., Valentine, D. H., Walters, S. M. & Webb, D. A., 1972, Flora Europaea. Volume 3. Diapensiacea to Myoporaceae, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press : 294-295

1. Pinguicula L. 3

Leaves in a basal rosette, entire, soft and fleshy, clothed with viscid glands above; margin usually more or less involute. Flowers solitary, on naked pedicels. Calyx persistent, 2-lipped; upper lip 3(-7)-, lower 2-lobed. Corolla 2-lipped, spurred, open at throat, with a hairy and often spotted palate; upper lip 2-, lower 3-lobed. Capsule opening by 2 valves. Seeds numerous, very small.

In the descriptions the terms spring and summer leaves indicate that the rosettes of some species undergo a regular change of form during their development; this is often not evident in dried specimens. The measurements of the corolla and leaf include the spur and the petiole respectively.

Literature: S. J. Casper, Feddes Repert. 66: 1-148 (1962); Biblioth. Bot. (Stuttgart) 127/128: 1 -209 (1966). A. Ernst, Bot. Jahrb. 80: 145-194 (1961). J. Schindler, Österr. Bot. Zeitschr. 57: 409-421, 458^169 (1907); 58: 13-18, 61-69 (1908).

1 Corolla white, with one or more yellow spots on the palate; roots stout 3. alpina

1 Corolla violet, lilac, blue or pinkish; roots slender

2 Lobes of the lower lip of the corolla emarginate; plant overwintering as a rosette

3 Corolla 7-11 mm; tube cylindrical; spur 2-4 mm 1. lusitanica 3 Corolla 16-32 mm; tube infundibuliform; spur 6-13 mm

2. hirtiflora 2 Lobes of the lower lip of the corolla entire; plant overwintering as a bud

4 Pedicels with glandular hairs, the stalks at least 10 times as long as the gland; leaves elliptical to suborbicular, strongly involute; corolla 6-11 mm 4. villosa 4 Pedicels glandular, the stalk not more than twice as long as the gland; leaves not or only slightly involute; corolla at least 12 mm

5 Corolla 25-40 mm; spur 9-24 mm, more than half as long as the rest of the corolla

6 Leaves oblong to obovate-oblong, horizontal; lobes of the lower lip of the corolla about as wide as long

11. grandiflora 6 Leaves elliptic-ovate to ligulate or linear-lanceolate, suberect; lobes oflower lip of corolla much longer than wide

7 Spring leaves sessile, elliptic-ovate; summer leaves 100-260 mm, ligulate, acute; lobes of upper lip of calyx ovate-oblong to ovate-suborbicular 9. vallisneriifolia 7 Leaves 60-175 mm, the lowest elliptical, the others lanceolate, obtuse; lobes of upper lip of calyx elliptic-ligulate to linear 10. longifolia 5 Corolla 12-30 mm; spur 4-10 mm, usually less than half as long as the rest of the corolla

8 Leaves not much longer than wide

9 Lobes of upper lip of calyx about as long as wide

7. balcanica 9 Lobes of upper lip of calyx much longer than wide

8. nevadensis 8 Leaves distinctly longer than wide

10 Lobes of lower lip of corolla oblong, divergent, not overlapping or touching 12. vulgaris 10 Lobes of lower lip of corolla suborbicular, overlapping or touching

11 Lobes of upper lip of calyx about as long as wide

12 Lower lip of calyx divided nearly to base; lobes

divergent 6. leptoceras 12 Lower lip of calyx divided halfway to base; lobes

not divergent 5. Corsica