Euura myosotidis ( Fabricius, 1804 )

Prous, Marko, Liston, Andrew, Monckton, Spencer K., Kramp, Katja, Vårdal, Hege, Vikberg, Veli, Heibo, Erik & Mutanen, Marko, 2025, West Palaearctic species of Euura Newman, 1837 (Hymenoptera, Tenthredinidae), European Journal of Taxonomy 977, pp. 1-377 : 133-135

187 Euura myosotidis ( Fabricius, 1804)

Figs 202 , 433–434

Tenthredo myosotidis Fabricius, 1804: 41–42 . Syntypes, sex not stated (1 specimen in NHMD according to Zimsen 1964), not examined. Type locality: Germania.

Nematus interruptus Serville, 1823: 67 . Lectotype ♀ (MNHN), designated by Lacourt (2000), not examined. Type locality: France, Ile-de-France, Paris. Synonymy by Konow (1903c).

Nematus segmentarius Förster, 1854a: 283–284 . Lectotype designated below. Synonymy by Dalla Torre (1894).

Nematus ambiguus Förster, 1854a: 279–280 . Lectotype ♀ (ZSM), designated by Taeger & Blank (1998), not examined. Type locality: Germany, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Aachen area. Synonymy by Konow (1903c).

Nematus incompletus Förster, 1854a: 297–298 . Syn. nov.

Nematus smaragdinus Stein, 1881: 60–62 . Syntypes ♀♀ (BMNH?), not examined. Type locality: Czech Republic, Bohemia, Chodau [Chodov]. Syn. nov.

Nematus pulchellus Cameron, 1882: 537–538 . Syntypes, sex not stated (BMNH?), not examined. Type locality: United Kingdom, Scotland, Clydesdale. Syn. nov.

Nematus decipiens W.F. Kirby, 1882: 107 . Replacement name for Nematus ambiguus Förster, 1854 .

Nematus chlorogaster Zaddach, 1884 in Brischke 1884: 149–150. Syntypes ♀♀ ♂♂, not located. Type localities: Gdansk [Danzig], Kaliningrad [Königsberg], Frankfurt a.M, Kiel, Munich, Vienna, Sweden. Syn. nov.

Pteronus atriceps Marlatt, 1896a: 44 (key), 52. Holotype ♀ (USNM?), not examined. Type locality: USA, Nevada. Syn. nov. Synonymy based on Poinar & Smith (2003). Additionally, a specimen originally identified as atriceps -group from USA (8e) is morphologically and genetically not distinguishable from E. myosotidis .

Pteronus californicus Marlatt, 1896a: 44–45 (key), 60. Holotype ♀ (USNM?), not examined. Type locality: USA, California. Syn. nov. Synonymised with Pteronus atriceps Marlatt by Smith (1979).

Pteronus myosotidis var. fallaciosus Konow, 1903b: 308 . Lectotype designated below. Synonymy by Enslin (1916a).

Pteronidea myosotidis var. pseudopavida Enslin, 1916a: 428 . Syntypes, sex not stated, not located. Type locality: not stated. Synonymy by Lacourt (1999).

Pteronidea myosotidis var. zaddachi Enslin, 1916a: 428 . Syntypes, sex not stated, not located. Type locality: not stated. Synonymy by Lindqvist (1960c).

Pteronidea segmentaria var. signata Enslin, 1916a: 426 . Lectotype designated below. Syn. nov.

Pteronidea segmentaria var. tessinensis Enslin, 1916a: 426 . Lectotype designated below. Syn. nov.

Pteronidea transversalis Lindqvist, 1977: 94–95 . Syn. nov.

Diagnosis

Broad and yellowish pterostigma, colouration of the body (typically yellowish legs and abdomen ventrally, otherwise mostly black), bifid claws, in dorsal view narrow and pointed valvula 3, lancets (somewhat papilliform serrulae, with broad and round ventrobasal tip) and penis valves (valvispina large, distinctly expanded basally, ventroapical margin of paravalva broad and perpendicular to valvispina or inclined apically) enable reliable identification of the species. Sometimes, the abdomen can be mostly or nearly completely pale and also the thorax and head can be more extensively pale. In females, the abdomen of living specimens is sometimes green (“ Nematus incompletus ” form) rather than yellow, but there does not appear to be a correlation between this colour pattern and genetic data. The species is genetically diverse (as indicated also by the level of heterozygosity in females), but there is no clear indication of the existence of more than one species.

Type material examined

Lectotype Nematus segmentarius , here designated

GERMANY – Nordrhein-Westfalen • ♀; Aachen area ; 50.77° N, 6.09° E; ZSM, DEI-GISHym3418 .

Lectotype Pteronus myosotidis var. fallaciosus , here designated

SPAIN – Galicia • ♀; Coruna ; 43.34° N, 8.42° E; SDEI, GBIF-GISHym3860 .

Syntype Nematus incompletus

GERMANY – Nordrhein-Westfalen • ♀; Aachen area ; 50.77° N, 6.09° E; ZSM, DEI-GISHym3302 .

Notes

Specimen almost completely destroyed: only left forewing remaining.

Lectotype Pteronidea segmentaria var. signata , here designated

GERMANY – Thüringen • ♂; Erfurt, Steiger ; 50.94° N, 11.03° E; 6 Jul. 1890; ZSM, GBIF-GISHym3424 .

Lectotype Pteronidea segmentaria var. tessinensis , here designated

SWITZERLAND – Ticino • ♀; Valle Maggia ; 46.24° N, 8.71° E; ZSM, GBIF-GISHym3447 .

Holotype Pteronidea transversalis

RUSSIA – Krasnoyarskiy Kray • ♀; Tjunojar ; 11 Jul. 1973; B.N. Verzhutskij leg.; MZH, http://id.luomus.fi/GL.5143.

Host plants

A wide range of herbaceous Fabaceae Lindl. : Lathyrus spp. ( Kontuniemi 1960; Macek et al. 2020; rearings by VV), Lotus corniculatus L. ( Perkins 1929a), Trifolium spp. ( Macek et al. 2020; rearings by VV and mm), and Vicia spp. ( Kangas 1985; Macek et al. 2020).

Genetics

COI

Based on 58 specimens, maximum within-species distance is 4.71% and the nearest neighbour, diverging by a minimum of 5.47%, is Euura hypoxantha . We excluded a COI sequence of ZMUO.040362 from the calculation, because it has an unusual three nucleotide deletion (but not frame shifting) and is a minimum of 6.98% different from the other E. myosotidis . A similar (0.94% different) secondary variant with the deletion was detected in ZMUO.035000. The variant with the deletion may be a NUMT that is occasionally co-amplified.

Nuclear

Based on 16 specimens, maximum within-species distance is 0.94% (0.87% based on haplotypes of individual females). The nearest neighbour, diverging by a minimum of 0.98%, is Euura jugicola .

Distribution and material examined

Holarctic. Specimens studied are from Belgium, Bulgaria, Canada (only genetics), Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iran, Italy, Portugal, Russia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom, and the USA.

Figures

Figs 199–202. Lancets of Euura Newman, 1837. 199. sagmarius (Konow, 1895) PR.259VV. 200. halo Prous, Liston & Mutanen sp. nov., holotype, ♀ ZMUO.038878. 201. dissimilis (Förster, 1854) DEI- GISHym83936. 202. myosotidis (Fabricius, 1804) DEI-GISHym83940.

Figs 422–435. Penis valves of Euura Newman, 1837. 422. melanocephalus (Hartig, 1837) DEI- GISHym18642. 423. miliaris (Panzer, 1797) ZMUO.029496. 424. nigricornis? (Serville, 1823) Nr.18. 425. miltonota (Zaddach, 1883) DEI-GISHym13852. 426. nimbus (Benson, 1960) DEI-GISHym84209. 427. sagmarius (Konow, 1895) DEI-GISHym84692. 428. halo Prous, Liston & Mutanen sp. nov., paratype ZMUO.067421. 429. dissimilis (Förster, 1854) DEI-GISHym83932. 430. hypoxantha (Förster, 1854) DEI-GISHym3301. 431. jugicola (Thomson, 1871) DEI-GISHym88731 (Sweden). 432. jugicola DEI-GISHym15270 (Canada). 433. myosotidis (Fabricius, 1804) DEI-GISHym12003. 434. myosotidis ZMUO.058149. 435. platystigma (Lindqvist, 1949) DEI-GISHym83672.