Chiroderma villosum var. villosum, Peters, 1860

Garbino, Guilherme S. T., Lim, Burton K. & Tavares, Valéria Da C., 2020, Systematics of big-eyed bats, genus Chiroderma Peters, 1860 (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae), Zootaxa 4846 (1), pp. 1-93 : 54

C. v. villosum Peters, 1860

Synonyms:

Chiroderma villosum Peters, 1860:748 ; type locality “Brasilia.”

Chiroderma villosa Jones, 1951: 224 ; incorrect gender concordance.

Chiroderma villosum villosum: Handley, 1960:466 ; first use of current name combination.

Chiroderma trinitatum: Pirlot, 1972: 76 , not Chiroderma trinitatum Goodwin, 1958 .

Chiroderma sp. Nowak, 1994: 160.

Chiroderma salvini Nowak, 1994: 160 , not Chiroderma salvini Dobson, 1878 .

Chiroderma [sp.] Czaplewski & Cartelle, 1998: 794. see Garbino & Tavares (2018a)

Chiroderma salvini: Medina et al., 2015: 204 , not Chiroderma salvini Dobson, 1878 .

Chiroderma salvini : Rocha et al., 2016: 573; not Chiroderma salvini Dobson, 1878 .

Chiroderma salvini: Maas et al., 2018: 672 ; not Chiroderma salvini Dobson, 1878 .

Distribution and Habitat. The nominal subspecies, C. v. villosum , is known from the tropical region of cis-Andean South America. The taxon has been recorded in Colombia, Venezuela, Trinidad and Tobago, Guyana, Suriname, French Guiana, Brazil, Ecuador, Perú, and Bolivia ( Fig. 28 ). The southern limit of the subspecies is in the Brazilian state of Paraná (not mapped; Reis et al. 1998).

The subspecies occurs in a wide variety of environments, including humid and seasonal forests (e.g. Amazonia, Atlantic rainforest), flooded plains (e.g. Pantanal, Llanos), and dry formations (e.g. Caatinga, Cerrado) ( Handley 1976; Gregorin et al. 2008; Luz et al. 2011; Fischer et al. 2015). C. v. villosum apparently tolerates some habitat disturbance, as it occurs in small forest fragments and urban areas ( Nogueira & Peracchi 2003; Ferreira et al. 2010; Nunes et al. 2017).

Chiroderma villosum villosum occurs from sea level to approximately 1,000 m. In Venezuela, 99% of the specimens of C. v. villosum were captured below 500 m ( Handley 1976). In the Peruvian Amazonia (Madre de Dios), the species was recorded between 340 and 950 m ( Solari et al. 2006).

Figures

FIGURE 28. Collecting localities of the analyzed specimens of Chiroderma improvisum, C. v. villosum and C. v. jesupi. The locality numbers are referenced in the gazetteer (Appendix 1).