Monteverdia communis (Reissek) Biral (2017: 688)

Biral, Leonardo, 2020, New synonyms in Celastraceae toward an update of the flora of Brazil, Phytotaxa 446 (4), pp. 237-244 : 238

Monteverdia communis (Reissek) Biral (2017: 688) .

≡ Maytenus communis Reissek (1861: 22-23 , t. IV, f. 2, t. VIII).

Type:— BRAZIL. Rio de Janeiro: in dumetosis et silvaticis prope urbem principalem , 1832, Riedel s.n. (lectotype, US, first-step lectotype designated by Carvalho-Okano 1998: 74, second-step lectotype, US [16368, barcode US01866918 ]! image, designated here ; isolectotypes, BR [ BR0000005737000 ]! , F [871160, barcode V0053734F & 940151, barcode V0053751F ]! images , GH [ GH00049846 ]! image , K [ K000494549 & K000494550 ] ! images, LECB [ LECB0002322 , LECB0002323 & LECB0002324 ]!images , MO [3575647,barcode MO-260564 ] !, NY [ NY 01031025 & NY 01031026 ]! , P [P [ P05585697 , P05585698 , P05585699 & P05585700 ]! images , RB [37821, barcode RB00068210 ]! , S [ S-R-11- 18752 ]! , US [16732, barcode US01866917 ]! image , W [ 1880-1190 & 1889-62371 ]! images , B † [F neg 13277] ).

= Maytenus grandiflora Reissek (1861: 23 , t. III, f. 3). Type:— BRAZIL. Rio de Janeiro: in prope urbem principale, s.d. [1817-1821], Schott s.n. (lectotype W [0059534]! image, designated here; isolectotypes F [870327, barcode V0361497F]!, W [0059532 & 0059533]! images). syn. nov.

Maytenus grandiflora was described by Reissek (1861) based on three different collections gathered from the city of Rio de Janeiro by Johann Christian Mikan, Heinrich Wilhelm Schott and Guilherme Schüch de Capanema. After analysis of protologue and examination of specimens mentioned, no relevant difference between the circumscription of M. grandiflora and Monteverdia communis could be observed. It is a typical species from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest, characterized by lanceolate to elliptic leaves, drying brown on the abaxial side, and multiflowered cymes with a conspicuous peduncle, always longer than pedicels, and flowers distributed along the axis. These two species were published in the same volume of Flora Brasiliensis ( Reissek 1861) ; in this case the name M. communis is the preferable to be used as its basionym is most commonly found in literature and herbarium identifications (see article 11.5. of the Shenzen Code, Turland et al. 2018).

The specimen W0059534 is selected as lectotype for Maytenus grandifolia . This specimen is the unique that bears a label that includes a handwritten description by Reissek, very similar to the one he provided in the protologue, which constitutes clear evidence by the author in applying this name (Recommendation 9a.3 from the Shenzen Code, Turland et al. 2018). No date is provided on the label; however, according to Urban (1906), Schott collected in and near the city of Rio de Janeiro between 1817 and 1820. The specimen represented by negative number 19567 from the Field Museum’s Type Photograph Collection (previously deposited in B, and presumably destroyed) is not type of M. grandifolia because it is of a specimen gathered by Riedel and, thus, is not part of the original material.