Sylvagemma Mahony, Donnellan & Richards, 2025

Donnellan, Stephen C., Mahony, Michael J., Esquerré, Damien, Brennan, Ian G., Price, Luke C., Lemmon, Alan, Lemmon, Emily Moriarty, Günther, Rainer, Monis, Paul, Bertozzi, Terry, Keogh, J. Scott, Shea, Glenn M. & Richards, Stephen J., 2025, Phylogenomics informs a generic revision of the Australo-Papuan treefrogs (Anura: Pelodryadidae), Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 204 : -

Sylvagemma Mahony, Donnellan & Richards , gen. nov.

( Fig. 33)

ZooBank LSID: urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:4BC89999-3291-4843-8D1C-40BEA3201B86 Type species: Litoria brevipalmata Tyler, Martin & Watson, 1972 .

Content: One species— Sylvagemma brevipalmata * ( Tyler, Martin & Watson, 1972) comb. nov.

Diagnosis: Sylvagemma can be diagnosed from Nyctimystes by a non-vertical vs. vertical pupil, absence vs. presence of crenulated ornamentation on the hindlimbs, absence vs. presence of patterning of the palpebral membrane, by medium-sized pigmented vs. large sized unpigmented eggs, tadpole oral disc Type 1A vs. Type 6A (oral disc reported for only two species of Nyctimystes ); from Sandyrana by medium vs. long TL/SVL, no webbing vs. reduced to fully webbed fingers, minimally webbed vs. reduced or fully webbed toes, ossified vs. cartilaginous intercalary structures, tadpole oral disc Type 1A vs. Type 1. Refer to Tables 1 and 2.

Distribution and ecology: Terrestrial frogs that breed in static ephemeral pools in forests, heathlands, grasslands, and modified landscapes in mid-eastern Australia.

Etymology: From the Latin sylva (forest) and gemma (a jewel), referring to the conspicuously coloured nature of this inhabitant of wet sclerophyll forests. The gender, based on gemma, is feminine.

Remarks: Sylvagemma is the equivalent of the Litoria brevipalmata Group of Tyler and Davies (1978). Sylvagemma brevipalmata is the only Australian pelodryadid in which the vent of the tadpoles has a medial position ( Anstis 2017).