Rubus vulgaris, Weihe & Nees

Tutin, T. G., Heywood, V. H., Burges, N. A., Moore, D. M., Valentine, D. H., Walters, S. M. & Webb, D. A., 1981, Flora Europaea. Volume 2. Rosaceae to Umbelliferae, Cambridge University Press : 11-12

17. R. vulgaris Weihe & Nees , Rubi Germ. 38 (1824).

Stems robust, angled, often sulcate and black-purple, sometimes arching to touch the ground; prickles long, strong, nearly straight. Leaflets 5-7, plicate or undulate, pubescent to grey-tomentose beneath; terminal leaflet elliptical or obovate, rounded or subcordate at base, coarsely and unevenly serrate. Inflorescence leafy, subcorymbose at apex, pubescent, with subsessile glands and numerous strong, falcate prickles; bracts and sepals sometimes glandular. Sepals grey-tomentose, patent to somewhat deflexed; petals obovate, white or pink; stamens white, exceeding the green, red or yellowish styles; receptacle and carpels sometimes hairy. 2« = 21. N. W. & C. Europe. Au Be Br Cz Ga Ge He Ho Hu Po Rm.

Related species include:

R. seimeri Lindeb. ex F. Aresch. ., Bot. Not. 1886: 76 (1886) (R. nemoralis sensu W. C. R. Watson , non P. J. Mueller). 2n= 28. Br Da Ge Hb Ho No. Sudre treats R. nemoralis as a subspecies of 35; the disagreement between Sudre and Watson may be due to the variable amount of leaf-tomentum.

R. incurvatus Bab. , Ann. Nat. Hist. ser. 2, 2: 36 (1848). 2zi = 28. Br Hb Hs. In Britain this species may have persistently tomentose leaves, and is placed by Watson near 23.