Smyrnium L.

Tutin, T. G., Heywood, V. H., Burges, N. A., Moore, D. M., Valentine, D. H., Walters, S. M. & Webb, D. A., 1981, Flora Europaea. Volume 2. Rosaceae to Umbelliferae, Cambridge University Press : 328

20. Smyrnium L. 1

Lower leaves usually 2- to 3-ternate, upper usually simple. Sepals absent. Petals yellow, lanceolate to obcordate; apex inflexed. Fruit ovoid or subglobose, didymous. Ridges slender, the marginal usually inconspicuous; vittae numerous, scattered. 1 Upper cauline leaves not amplexicaul; lamina divided

1. olusatrum 1 Upper cauline leaves amplexicaul; lamina undivided

2 Upper leaves and branches opposite; rays 15-20

3 Lobes of basal leaves cordate-ovate; lower cauline leaves cordate-ovate, dentate or shallowly lobed 2. orphanidis 3 Lobes of basal leaves oblong-cuneate; lower cauline leaves 3-partite 3. apiifolium 2 Upper leaves and branches alternate; rays 5-12

4 Stems narrowly winged on the angles; upper leaves crenate-serrate, sometimes minutely so 4. perfoliatum 4 Stems not winged on the angles; upper leaves entire, rarely shallowly denticulate 5. rotundifolium