Glebionidinae Oberpr. & Vogt

Oberprieler, Christoph, Töpfer, Alisha, Dorfner, Marco, Stock, Miriam & Vogt, Robert, 2022, An updated subtribal classification of Compositae tribe Anthemideae based on extended phylogenetic reconstructions, Willdenowia 52 (1), pp. 117-149 : 133-134

19. Glebionidinae Oberpr. & Vogt in Willdenowia 37: 106. 2007. – Type: Glebionis Cass. ( Pyrethrum indicum Roxb. ex Sims. [= Glebionis coronaria (L.) Cass. ex Spach]).

Description — Subshrubs ( Argyranthemum ) or annual herbs. Indumentum absent or of basifixed hairs (in Heteranthemis with glandular hairs). Leaves alternate, serrate-dentate to 2-pinnatisect. Capitula solitary or in lax corymbs, radiate, rarely ( Otoglyphis ) discoid or disciform. Involucre meniscoid to hemispheric. Phyllaries in 3–5 rows, with broad scarious margins. Receptacle convex to conic, epaleate. Ray florets female; limb white or yellow. Disc florets hermaphrodite; corolla 5-lobed, rarely ( Otoglyphis ) lobes with a central resin sac; anthers with non-polarized endothecial tissue and a balusterform filament collar. Achenes of ray florets triquetrous and 2- or 3-winged; achenes of disc florets laterally compressed and 1- or 2-winged, sometimes terete and 10-ribbed; apex marginally rounded or with a corona; pericarp without myxogenic cells or resin sacs, rarely ( Nivellea ) with myxogenic cells along ribs; in Otoglyphis , circular to only slightly flattened in cross-section, apex marginally rounded or with an adaxial auricle, pericarp with myxogenic cells and sometimes with 2 lateral resin canals; in Endopappus , dorsiventrally flattened, 3-angled with 1 adaxial and 2 lateral ribs; apex with a corona; pericarp with myxogenic cells abaxially and along ribs, without resin sacs. Embryo sac development monosporic, bisporic ( Argyranthemum ) or tetrasporic ( Heteranthemis ). Base chromosome number x = 9.

Distribution — Macaronesia, Europe, N Africa, SW Asia. Members — Argyranthemum Webb (24), Endopappus Sch. Bip. (1), Glebionis Cass. (2), Heteranthemis Schott (1), Ismelia Cass. (1), Nivellea B. H. Wilcox & al. (1), Otoglyphis Pomel (2) [incl. Aaronsohnia Warb. & Eig (1)].

Notes — In its previous circumscription, the subtribe Glebionidinae comprised the four genera Argyranthemum , Glebionis , Heteranthemis and Ismelia and formed a well-supported monophyletic and morphologically well-characterized generic assemblage due to the occurrence of distinctly heteromorphic achenes (achenes of ray florets triquetrous, those of the disc florets terete or laterally flattened). Our present phylogenetic analyses, especially the gene tree based on cpDNA sequence variation (Fig. 1) and the total-evidence tree based on concatenated markers ( Fig. 3), indicate that three annual genera [ Endopappus , Nivellea and Otoglyphis (the former Aaronsohnia )] are closely related with this core group. In order to keep the number of subtribes in the Anthemideae at a reasonable level, we suggest inclusion of these three genera into the Glebionidinae , which then becomes inevitably more heterogeneous and less characteristic in its circumscription.

The close relationship between the SW Asian species Aaronsohnia factorovskyi Warb. & Eig and the N African Chlamydophora pubescens (Desf.) Coss. & Durieu (based on Cotula pubescens Desf. ) led Bremer & Humphries (1993) to transfer the latter taxon to Aaronsohnia . However, by doing so, the two authors did not realize that there is an older generic name available for Cotula pubescens . It was discovered by A. Dobignard (in Dobignard & Chatelain (2011) that Pomel (1874) had described the genus Otoglyphis based on Chlamydophora pubescens and he consequently transferred the subspecies Aaronsohnia pubescens subsp. maroccana (Ball) Fennane & Ibn Tattou to Otoglyphis as an independent species ( O. maroccana (Ball) Dobignard ). If Aaronsohnia is considered as being congeneric with Otoglyphis following the reasoning of Bremer & Humphries (1993), the latter has priority over the former. Owing to the observation of very similar nrDNA ITS1 sequences of Aaronsohnia factorovskyi and Otoglyphis pubescens (Desf.) Pomel ( Gemeinholzer & al. 2006) and the treatment of Matricaria maroccana Ball (≡ Aaronsohnia pubescens subsp. maroccana ) as a subspecies of O. pubescens , we propose the following two new combinations: