SPHENISCIDAE, Bonaparte, 1831

Jansen Introduction, Justin J. F. J., 2018, Specimen labelling errors: birds collected on the Falkland Islands prior to 1861, now in Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden, Netherlands, Bonn zoological Bulletin 67 (2), pp. 145-169 : 154-156

SPHENISCIDAE

King Penguin Aptenodytes patagonicus J.F. Miller, 1778

[RMNH. AVES.107287]. Loc: –. Date: –. Col: –. Age/

sex: adult. Acq: from the Paris museum. Status: extant,

accessed 18 December 2012. Tax: mounted. Pub: Schle-

gel 1867.

Pedestal label: [one hand] Cat no 1 / Aptenodytes patachonica / Forster / 1835 / Falkland eilanden.

Pedestal underside: [one hand] Aptenodytes patachonica / Cat No1 / Paris 1835 / Malouines.

Schlegel 1867 (Tome VI, 33: 5–6): Adulte, Malouines, voyage de l’Astrolabe et de la Zelee .

Remark: The collection site on the label, underside and in Schlegel 1867 differ. The ageing is only present in Schlegel 1867. Either the date 1835 is incorrect or the expedition

where it is collected. Only Schlegel’s handwriting appears under the base of the pedestal.

If voyage de l’Astrolabe et de la Zelee is correct: Possibly collected at Ciudad del Rey Don Felipe or elsewhere in the straits of Patagonia, Chile (not the Falklands). Col: collect- ed at the expeditions with the Astrolabe and Zélée, Jacques Bernard Hombron or Honore Jacquinot. Date: December 1836 – January 1837. Sex/age: Adult. Acquisition: from the Paris museum in 1842.

If 1835 is correct: Loc: Falklands (51°45’S 59°00’W). Col: voyage La Coquille, P. Lesson / P. Garnot. Date: November– December 1822. Sex/age: adult. Acquisition: June 1835 received in exchange with the Paris Museum.

King Penguin Aptenodytes patagonicus J.F. Mill-

er, 1778 [RMNH. AVES.107286]. Loc: Falklands

(ca. 51° 41′ 0″ S, 59° 10′ 0″ W). Date: November–De-

cember 1822. Col: voyage La Coquille, P. Lesson / P.

Garnot. Age/sex: adult. Acq: June 1835 received in ex-

change with the Paris Museum. Status: extant, accessed

18 December 2012. Tax: mounted. Pub: Lesson & Gar-

not 1826–1830; Schlegel 1867.

Pedestal label: [one hand] Cat no.2 / Aptenodytes patachonica / Forster / Falkland eilanden.

Pedestal underside: [one hand] Spenicurus Pennantii / Cat no 2 / Iles Malouines.

Schlegel 1867 (Tome VI, 33: 3): Spenicurus pennantii, Cat 2, Adulte, Iles Malouines, acquis en 1835.

Remark: The collection site on the label, underside and in Schlegel 1867 differ. The ageing is only present in Schlegel 1867. Notable is the lack of the note appearing in Schlegel 1867 that it was purchased in 1835, this is missing from both label as underside. Only Schlegel’s handwriting appears un- der the base of the pedestal.

King Penguin Aptenodytes patagonicus J.F. Miller, 1778 [–]. Loc: Falklands (ca. 51° 41′ 0″ S, 59° 10′ 0″ W). Date: –. Col: –. Age/sex: adult. Acq: –. Status: non-extant, not found. Tax: –. Pub: Schlegel 1867.

Schlegel 1867 (Tome VI, 33: 3): Spenicurus pennantii, Cat 2, Adulte, Malouines.

Remark: Little information is available.

Gentoo Penguin Pygoscelis papua papua (J.R. For-

ster, 1781) [RMNH. AVES.107252]. Loc: Falkland (ca.

51° 41′ 0″ S, 59° 10′ 0″ W). Date: –. Col: –. Age/sex:

adult. Acq: via Gustav Adolph Frank Sr. Status: extant,

accessed 18 December 2012. Tax: mounted. Pub: Schle-

gel 1867.

Pedestal label: [one hand] Cat no 1 / Pygoscelis papua / (Forster) / Falkland eilanden.

Pedestal underside: [one hand] Spheniscus papua / Aptenodytes papuaensis / Cat 1 / Manchot (unreadable) Sonner. Pl 115 / (unreadable) parfaite / Par Frank / Iles Falkland / Malouines.

Schlegel 1867 (Tome VI, 33: 5): Sphenicurus papua, Cat 1, Adulte, Malouines.

Remark: The collection site on the label, underside and in Schlegel 1867 differ. The ageing is only present in Schlegel 1867. The bird was acquired through the Amsterdam-based dealer Gustav Adolph Frank (see Kelp Goose RMNH. AVES.230433). Only Schlegel’s handwriting appears under the base of the pedestal.

Gentoo Penguin Pygoscelis papua papua (J.R. Forster,

1781) [RMNH. AVES.107253]. Loc: Possibly collected

at Ciudad del Rey Don Felipe or elsewhere in the straits

of Patagonia, Chile (not the Falklands). Date: December

1836– January 1837. Col: collected at the expeditions

with the Astrolabe and Zélée, Jacques Bernard Hombron

or Honore Jacquinot. Age/sex: adult ♀. Acq: from the

Paris museum in 1842. Status: extant, accessed 18 De-

cember 2012. Tax: mounted. Pub: Blanchard et al. 1854;

Schlegel 1867.

Pedestal label: [one hand] Cat no 2 / Pygoscelis papua / (Forster) / ♀ / Falkland eilanden.

Pedestal underside: [two hands] Spheniscus papua / Aptenodytes papuaensis ♀ / ♀ / Sonnerat / Cat 2 / Voyage Astrolabe / Voy Astrolabe a Zelee / Malouines / Malouines.

Schlegel 1867 (Tome VI, 33: 5): Sphenicurus papua, Cat 2, Femelle adulte, Malouines, voyage de l’Astrolabe et de la Zelee .

Remark: The collection site on the label, underside and in Schlegel 1867 differ. The sexing of the specimen is noted in all sources, the ageing however is only present in Schlegel 1867. The label, underside, and Schlegel 1867 all identify the specimen as female, but only the latter identifies it as an adult. Two name sources are mentioned, Forster on the label and Sonnerat on the underside. Arrived in 1842 from the Paris Museum (part on exchange between Temminck and Paris).

Chinstrap Penguin Pygoscelis antarcticus (J.R. Forster,

1781) [RMNH. AVES.107250]. Loc: Possibly collected

at Ciudad del Rey Don Felipe or elsewhere in the straits

of Patagonia, Chile (not the Falklands). Date: December

1836– January 1837. Col: collected at the expeditions

with the Astrolabe and Zélée, Jacques Bernard Hombron

or Honore Jacquinot. Age/sex: adult. Acq: from the Paris

museum in 1842. Status: extant, accessed 18 December

2012. Tax: mounted. Publ: Blanchard et al. 1854; Schle-

gel 1867.

Pedestal label: [one hand] Cat no 1 / Pygoscelis antarctica / (Forster) / Falkland eilanden.

Pedestal underside: [one hand] Sphenicurus antarctica / Mill- er pl 40 / (unreadable crossed) / Cat 1 / (unreadable crossed) / M Paris Astrolabe et de Zelee / (unreadable) / Regiones Antarctiques / Malouines.

Schlegel 1867 (Tome VI, 33: 5–6): Adulte, Malouines, voyage de l’Astrolabe et de la Zelee .

Remark: The collection site on the label, underside and in Schlegel 1867 differ. Only in Schlegel 1867 the specimen is aged. Arrived in 1842 from the Paris Museum (part on exchange between Temminck and Paris Museum). Only Schlegel’s handwriting appears under the base of the pedestal.

Macaroni Penguin Eudyptes chrysolophus J.F. von Brandt, 1837 [RMNH. AVES.107247]. Loc: Falkland (ca. 51° 41′ 0″ S, 59° 10′ 0″ W). Date: –. Col: –. Age/

sex: adult. Acq: via Gustav Adolph Frank Sr. Status: ex-

tant, accessed 18 December 2012. Tax: mounted. Pub:

Schlegel 1867.

Pedestal label: [two hands] Eudyptes chrysolophus (Brandt) Cat. no 1 / Catarrhactes chrysolophus / Brandt / ♂ / Frank / Falkland Eilanden.

Pedestal underside: [three hands] Spheniscus diamematus / chrysolophus / ♂ adult / Gould Proc an 1837 p 3 / Aptenodytes cirhata Miller pl (unreadable) / Cat 1 / pr Frank / (line unreadable) / Bec rouge (two unreadable words) / Iles Falkland.

Schlegel 1867 (Tome VI, 33: 8): Adulte, Malouines.

Remark: The collection site on the label, underside and in Schlegel 1867 differ. The label, underside, and Schlegel 1867 all identify the specimen as male, but only the latter identifies it as an adult. The bird was acquired through the Am- sterdam-based dealer Gustav Adolph Frank (see Kelp Goose RMNH. AVES.230433).

Fjordland Penguin Eudyptes pachyrhynchus G.R.

Gray, 1845 [RMNH. AVES.107258]. Loc: Falkland

(ca. 51° 41′ 0″ S, 59° 10′ 0″ W). Date: –. Col: –. Age/

sex: adult. Acq: via Gustav Adolph Frank Sr. Status: ex-

tant, accessed 18 December 2012. Tax: mounted. Pub:

Schlegel 1867.

Pedestal label: [two hands] Eudyptes pachyrhynchus Cat. no 2 / G.R. Gray / Catarrhactes pachyrhynchus / (G.R. Gray) / Falkland eilanden.

Pedestal underside: [one hand] (unreadable) Gould / Sphenicurus chrysocome / unreadable / Cat 2 / Gould Proc 1857 p 310. / (unreadable)/ île Falkland.

Pedestal underside sticker: Un très vieil et bel individu de la Nouv. Zél., et appartenant à M. Frank est d’une taille un peu plus forte, le bec est plus grand et les teintes foncées sont d’un noir plus intense, Schlegel.

Schlegel 1867 (Tome VI, 33: 6–7): Adulte, Malouines.

Remark: The collection site on the label, underside and in Schlegel 1867 differ. Ageing only present in Schlegel 1865, note the different Latin names. The bird was acquired through the Amsterdam-based dealer Gustav Adolph Frank (see Kelp Goose RMNH. AVES.230433).

Fjordland Penguin Eudyptes pachyrhynchus G.R. Gray ,

1845 [RMNH. AVES.107249]. Loc: Beauchene Island,

Falkland (ca. 52° 53′ 11″ S, 59° 12′ 13″ W). Date: –. Col:

–. Age/sex: adult. Acq: via Gustav Adolph Frank Sr. Sta-

tus: extant, accessed 18 December 2012. Tax: mounted.

Pub: Schlegel 1867.

Pedestal label: [two hands] Eudyptes pachyrhynchus Cat no.3 / (G.R. Gray) / Catarrhactes pachyrhynchus / (G.R. Gray) / Beauchene / Frank, 1861 / Falkland eilanden.

Pedestal underside: [three hands] Spheniscus chrysolophus / (unreadable) in Gould / Cat no 2 / île Beauchesne / Frank 1861 / Malouines.

Pedestal underside sticker: Bought from Beauchene / island by the sealers / Frank 1861 [two hands].

Schlegel 1867 (Tome VI, 33: 7): Spheniscus chrysolophus, Cat 2, Albinos, rapporte de l’ile Beachene, Malouines, 1861.

Remark: The collection site on the label, underside and in Schlegel 1867 differ. The origin is only documented at the label (Frank). The bird was acquired through the Amsterdam-based dealer Gustav Adolph Frank (see Kelp Goose RMNH. AVES.230433).

Magellanic Penguin Spheniscus magellanicus J.R. For-

ster, 1781 [RMNH. AVES.107261]. Loc: Falkland (ca.

51° 41′ 0″ S, 59° 10′ 0″ W). Date: –. Col: –. Age/sex:

adult. Acq: via Gustav Adolph Frank Sr. Status: extant,

accessed 18 December 2012. Tax: mounted. Pub: Schle-

gel 1867.

Pedestal label: [one hand] Cat no 2 / Spheniscus demersus / magellanicus / (Forster) / Frank / Falkland eilanden.

Pedestal underside: [one hand] Spheniscus demersus / Cat N 4 / Nov spec! = Apt. demersa var C. Vieillot / Finsch / ex Pernetti Voy aux iles Malouines II p 17 / Pernetti, P. / Frank / Iles Malouines.

Schlegel 1867 (Tome VI, 33: 10–12): Spheniscus demersus, Cat 4, Individu au passage à la livrée parfaite, Malouines.

Remark: The collection site on the label, underside and in Schlegel 1867 differ. Frank is missing from Schlegel. Finsch thought it was a new species for science. The bird was acquired through the Amsterdam-based dealer Gustav Adolph Frank (see Kelp Goose RMNH. AVES.230433). Only Schlegel’s handwriting appears under the base of the pedestal.

Magellanic Penguin Spheniscus magellanicus J.R. For-

ster, 1781 [RMNH. AVES.107262]. Loc: Falkland (ca.

51° 41′ 0″ S, 59° 10′ 0″ W). Date: –. Col: –. Age/sex:

Adult. Acq: via Gustav Adolph Frank Sr. Status: extant,

accessed 18 December 2012. Tax: mounted. Pub: Schle-

gel 1867.

Pedestal label: [one hand] Cat no 3 / Spheniscus demersus / magellanicus / (Forster) / Frank / Falkland eilanden.

Pedestal underside: [one hand] sp nov. (unreadable) Finsch / Black-footed Penguin (unreadable) / Spheniscus demersus / Cat No.5 / Via Frank / Malouines.

Schlegel 1867 (Tome VI, 33: 10–12): Spheniscus demersus, Cat 5, Individu au plumage imparfait, mais offerant la taille des adultes, Malouines.

Remark: The collection site on the label, underside and in Schlegel 1867 differ. Notable if difference in Latin names at the label and underside, the latter is in line with Schlegel 1867. The bird was acquired through the Amsterdam-based dealer Gustav Adolph Frank (see Kelp Goose RMNH. AVES.230433).