Trichoclinocera pakistanensis, Saigusa & Sinclair Introduction, 2021

Saigusa, Toyohei & Sinclair Introduction, Bradley J., 2021, Revision of the Trichoclinocera yixianensis species-group from eastern Asia (Diptera: Empididae: Clinocerinae), Bonn zoological Bulletin 70 (1), pp. 51-65 : 61-63

Trichoclinocera pakistanensis sp. nov.

( Figs 11–12 , 16 , 27–28 , 38 , 41 )

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Type material. HOLOTYPE ♂, labelled: “( PAKISTAN)/ Naran/ Kagan V./ 1800 m/ 22.vii.1987 / K. Kanmiya ”; “[HOLOTYPE]/ Trichoclinocera / pakistanensis / Saigusa & Sinclair [red label]” ( KUMF) . PARATYPES: PAKISTAN: same data as holotype [34°54′ N 73°39′ E] (1 ♀, CNC; 1 ♀, KUMF) .

Recognition. This species is distinguished by the pair of long spine-like setae at the base of the fore femur, very short anteroventral setae at mid-length of fore femur hidden within pile, giving appearance of a broad gap, pale yellowish-brown legs and clear wings.

Description. Wing length 3.9–4.3 mm. Male. Pale grey-blue pruinescence and pale yellowish-brown legs ( Fig. 11 ). Head pointed ventrally, compound eyes oval; facets enlarged anteroventrally. Face greatly narrowed medially, less than width of antennal socket, with bright whitish pruinescence for full length; lower margin of face with short, narrow cleft, lacking carina; gena one-seventh as wide as eye height. Frons greyish brown; vertex and ocellar triangle dark brown, lower postocciput brown, gena lightly pruinescent. Ocellar setae longest among cranial setae; occiput with 3–4 pairs of setae posterior to ocellar triangle; postocular with row of short setae along margin of eye, upper 3–4 setae dark, stouter than lower setae. Arista lost in type series. Palpus pointed apically, ca. one-fourth height of eye.

Pleura grey with pale grey-blue pruinescence; scutum brown with pale, somewhat bluish lateral margins and median paler stripe extending full length of scutum; postpronotal lobe and postalar callus paler brown; faint dark vitta along inner edge of dc in dorsal view. Thoracic setae long, some subequal to width of eye; acrostichal setulae lacking; 5 pairs dc; 1 very short, pale pprn, one-fourth length of dc; 1 presut spal; 2 npl; 2 psut spal; 1 pal; 2 pairs sctl, lacking setulae; several pale setulae on postpronotal lobe and notopleural depression. Laterotergite with patch of pale setae; prothoracic episternum without spine-like setae; anepisternum with posterior setulae; katepisternum without setulae; hind margin of metepisternum with white setulae.

Wing ( Fig. 38 ) narrow, lightly infuscate, without markings; pterostigma very narrow, faint, elliptical. One basal costal seta, one-half length of posterior dc. Sparse row of setulae from base of R to mid-length of R 1; auxiliary crossvein lacking; cell dm produced apically; R 4 and R 5 divergent. Halter pale brown.

Legs yellowish-brown, darker towards tarsi, coxae with faint blue pruinescence. Coxae with long, pale marginal setae; fore coxa with long, pale anterolateral setae, shorter than width of coxa. Fore femur ( Fig. 12 ) distinctly swollen, tapered apically evenly throughout; base with 2 black, spine-like setae, posterolateral seta ca. one-third length of femur, anterolateral seta thinner and one-half length of posterolateral seta; anteroventral row of stout, spine-like setae extending length of femur, setae very short medially hidden within pile, setae of apical and basal fourth pronounced ca. one-fourth width of femur; 5–6 slender, preapical anterior setae, longer than anteroventral setae; row of slender, pale posteroventral setae extending length of femur, length less than width of femur; without spine-like, posteroventral setae near mid-length; dense, very long, white pile beneath. Fore tibia straight to distinctly curved, with row of stout setae beneath, nearly subequal in length to width of tibia; apical third with long spine-like seta, 2x width of tibia. Mid femur with slender anteroventral and posteroventral preapical setae; lacking anterodorsal and posterodorsal setae. Hind femur without distinct anteroventral setae; lacking anterodorsal and posterodorsal setae. Hind tibia without posterodorsal spur-like seta near base; 2–3 erect, dorsal spine-like setae and 1 similar ventral seta on apical fourth. Tarsi one-third to one-half longer than corresponding tibiae. Empodium pulvilliform, subequal in length to claw, less than half length of tarsomere.

Abdomen concolourous with thoracic pleura in lateral view. Terminalia ( Figs 16 , 27–28 ): hypandrium slender, tapered apically, subequal in length to epandrium; anterior margin rounded. Phallus extended slightly beyond clasping cercus; straight beyond base; shaft narrow with expanded base; apex with small, round, membranous swelling; membrane lacking microtrichia; ejaculatory apodeme arched within base of phallus. Epandrium subtriangular, with large membranous area at basal margin with hypandrium. Surstylus slender, slightly shorter than length of clasping cercus, lacking apical setae or long microtrichia. Clasping cercus broad, subtriangular, tapered apically; long, fine setae on ventral margin; inner dorsal margin lacking peg-like setae.

Female. Similar to male including chaetotaxy of legs; posterolateral basal seta of fore femur more than one-third length of femur.

Distribution. Known only from the type locality in the western Himalayas ( Fig. 41 ).

Etymology. The specific epithet is in reference to the country of the type locality.

Figures

Figs 9–12. Habitus and forelegs of Trichoclinocera yixianensis species-group. 9. T. nakanishii sp. nov., male habitus, holotype (terminalia dissected). 10. T. nakanishii sp. nov., male forelegs, holotype. 11. T. pakistanensis sp. nov., male habitus, holotype (terminalia dissected). 12. T. pakistanensis sp. nov., male forelegs, holotype. Scale bars: Figs 10, 12 = 0.5 mm; Figs 9, 11 = 1.0 mm.

Figs 13–16. Male terminalia of Trichoclinocera yixianensis species-group, lateral view. 13. T. emotoi sp. nov. 14. T. maculata sp. nov. 15. T. nakanishii sp. nov. 16. T. pakistanensis sp. nov. Scale bars = 0.1 mm.Abbreviations: cl cerc = clasping cercus; epand = epandrium; hypd = hypandrium; ph = phallus; sur = surstylus.

Figs 27–32. Terminalia of Trichoclinocera yixianensis species-group, lateral view. 27–28. T. pakistanensis sp. nov. 27. Male terminalia, stained with Delafield hematoxyline. 28. Clasping cercus, inner view. 29–30. T. yixianensis Li & Yang. 29. Male terminalia. 30. Clasping cercus.31–32. T. yixianensis Li & Yang. 31. Female terminalia.32. Close-up of female proctiger. Scale bars: Figs 28, 30 = 0.5 mm; Figs 27, 29, 31–32 = 1.0 mm.

Figs 35–40. Wings of Trichoclinocera yixianensis species-group. 35. T. emotoi sp. nov. 36. T. maculata sp. nov. 37. T. nakanishii sp. nov., holotype.38. T. pakistanensis sp. nov.39. T.yixianensis Li & Yang (Bhutan). 40. T. yixianensisLi & Yang (Shaanxi). Scale bars = 1.0 mm. Abbreviations: R 2+3 = second branch of radius; R 4 = upper branch of third branch of radius.

Fig. 41. Known distribution of the Trichoclinocera yixianensis species-group.