Fridericia mutabilis (Bureau & K.Schum.) Frazão & L.G.Lohmann 2020

Frazão, Annelise & Lohmann, Lúcia G., 2020, Taxonomic placement of Tanaecium mutabile (Bignonieae, Bignoniaceae) based on new morphological data and phylogenetic analyses, Phytotaxa 438 (5), pp. 289-300 : 296

Fridericia mutabilis (Bureau & K.Schum.) Frazão & L.G.Lohmann , comb. nov. Basionym:

— Arrabidaea mutabilis Bureau & K.Schum., Fl. Bras. 8(2): 38. 1896. Lectotype (designated by Lohmann & Taylor 2014):

— BRAZIL. São Paulo: Campinas [“Brésil méridional” on sheet], 16 September 1868, J. Correia de Méllo 44 (lectotype P! [ P00468542 ] ; isolectotypes P! [ P00468543 ] , P! [ P00468544 ] , P! [ P00468545 ] , P! [ P00468546 ] , S image![ S09-21566 ] , S as photocopy MO! [ 2909990 ] , F! [ 999017 ] , F! [ 784134 ] ).

≡ Tanaecium mutabile (Bureau & K. Schum.) L.G.Lohmann. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 99: 465.

= Arrabidaea muehlbergiana Hassl. Bull. Herb. Boissier 6 (4, App. 1): 25. 1898. Lectotype (designated here):— PARAGUAY. Paraguary: In silva prope Cerro Sº Tomas, Sep. 1885 –1895, E. Hassler 964 (lectotype G image! [G00094021]; isolectotypes G image! [G00008853], G image! [G00008854], G image! [G00085508], LP image! [11267], NY! [NY00313100], US! [ US 01108028]).

Diagnosis: Liana . Branchlets terete, with bromeliad-like prophylls of the axillary buds. Leaves 2-3-foliolate, leaflets ovate or obovate, base rounded, truncate or asymmetrical, apex acuminate to retuse, basal secondary venation recurved. Corolla infundibular, curved, with the longest stamens subexserted and the shortest included. Fruit with flat margins and conspicuous central ridges. Seeds greenish.

Distribution and habitat: Fridericia mutabilis occurs in seasonal vegetation and occasionally in wet forests in Argentina (Corrientes, Missiones), Brazil (Espírito Santo, Goiás, Mato Grosso do Sul, Minas Gerais, Paraíba, Paraná, Rio de Janeiro, Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina, São Paulo), Bolivia (Chuquisaca, La Paz, Santa Cruz), and Paraguay (Alto Paraná, Caazapá, Canindeyú, Central, Concepción, Cordillera, Guairá, Itapúa, Paraguarí). The distribution of T. mutabilis forms an arc in the Southern portions of South America, which is consistent with the “southern connection” thought to have connected the Atlantic Forest and the Amazon in the past (e.g., Batalha-Filho et al. 2013, Thomé et al 2016, Ledo & Colli 2017, Peres et al 2017, Fine & Lohmann 2018).

Phenology: Fridericia mutabilis was collected with flowers in February to March, May, and between July and November, and with fruits all year.

Nomenclatural notes. When Hassler (1898) described Arrabidaea muehlbergiana , he did not select a holotype. We here selected the collection E. Hassler 964 deposited at G (G00094021) as the lectotype because this material likely represents Hassler’s original material ( Index of Botanists 2019). Furthermore, the high quality of this material allows for the accurate identification of this species.

Additional specimens examined: ARGENTINA. Corrientes: Garruchos, Santo Tomé, Garruchos, Rio Uruguay, -28.18333333, -55.80000000, s.d., A. Krapovickas 25773 (MO). Ibid., Empalme, Ruat 14 y 114, -28.55000000, - 56.05000000, 16 January 1947, A.M.R.Huidobro 4373 (MO, S); Ibid., 17 km NW Rutu 14, -28.55000000, -56.05000000, D. Tressens 1974 (MO). Misiones: General Manuel Belgrano, Ruta Prov. N°228, a 2 km Acceso R.V.S. Urugua-í, 400 m, -25.88657900, -54.58429700, 12 October 2003, A.E. Johnson 1085 (MO, SI). Guarani, Predio Guarani, Piccado el ayo. Soberbio, -27.02718371, -54.26699323, 21 September 1995, S.G. Tressens 5468 (CTES, MO). Iguazú, Parque Nacional Iguazú, ruta de acceso al parque a 100 m del empalme com R.N. 12, -25.67207200, -54.48294000, 12 December 2010, A.M. González 438 (CEN, CTES). Libertador General San Martín, Predio UNLP, valle del arroyo Cuña Pirú. Picada cerca del balneario de A. del Valle, -27.03333000, -55.03333000, 22 September 1998, F. Biganzoli 310 (MO, SI). Posadas, Posadas, -27.38333330, -55.88333330, 20 February 1944, T. Meyer 5299 (A, MO, U). Prédio Guarani, Dep. Guarani. Ruta 15, limite del Pred. Guarani con el Inst. de Prev. Soc. (IPS), -26.90000000, -54.20000000, 7 September 1994, A. Schinini 28724. Puerto Piray, 200 m, -26.47277680, -54.72799250, 23 October 1978, S.A. Renvoize 3214 (MO). San Ignacio, Parque Provincial Teyú Cuaré. Camino a la casa de Le Noble (Osonunú), - 27.28333000, -55.58333000, 1 October 1998, F. Biganzoli 445 (MO, SI). San Pedro, Sierra Iman, -26.67411153, - 53.94993421, 26 September 1945, Bertoni 2138 (BRIT, LIL). San Javier, Cerro del Monje, 6 km NE de San Javier, 271 m, -27.82325500, -55.09585100, 7 September 1993, M.M.Arbo 5962 (MO, CTES). BOLIVIA. Chuquisaca: Hernando Siles, Añimbo. Aproximadamente a 4 km al NE de la comunidad de Añimbo, 1134 m, -20.56002800, -64.07313900, 2 August 2004, J.G. Romero 846 (MO). La Paz: Abel Iturralde, Tierra firme en uma cuchilla, fuerte pendiente, próximo al arroyo Aguapolo y al Río Tuichi, 400 m, -14.55388000, -67.67305600, 12 March 2002, M.J. Macía 6684 (MBM, MA). Santa Cruz: El Refugio, Campamento El Refugio, en un recorrido de 2500 m al N de la casa, yendo por la ribera del río Paraguá, 160 m, -14.76222222, -61.04805556, 20 May 1994, R. Guillén 1430 (USZ). Guanaco, Guanaco, al SE de Abapo, las dunas, 350 m, -25.88657900, -54.58429700, 16 May 1995, A. Jardim 1984 (USZ). Noel Kempff Mercado, Parque Nacional Noel Kempff Mercado, aproximadamente a 2 km del campamento, linea 200 D, 700 m, -14.06666667, -60.76666667, 10 November 1993, M. Saldías 3538 (MO, USZ). BRAZIL. Espírito Santo: Linhares, Reserva Florestal de CVRD, Transect 1, -19.15142100, -40.07775200, 1 February 1985, A.L. Peixoto 3098 (MO). Goiás: Colinas do Sul, APA Pouso Alto. Próximo à fazenda Cruz de Malta. Estrada para Agropecuária Sarkis. Entrada a 4, 5 km após a ponte da divisa Minaçú/Colinas do Sul, -13.78777800, -48.12777800, 2 September 2005, M.L. Fonseca 5896 (UB, IBGE). Santa Rita do Araguaia, Ponte de madeira sobre a Babilônia, -17.25241000, -53.14218500, 29 March 2000, D.M.S.Rocha 249 (UB). Mato Grosso do Sul: Bela Vista, Rod.BR-267, Córrego Caracol, -21.68097400, -56.76276400, 16 November 2002, G. Hatschbach 74296 (MBM). Bonito, Rodovia Bonito - Campo dos Índios, Rod. MS-382, Fazenda Marambaia, -20.99695800, -56.77912000, 9 October 2003, G. Hatschbach 76067 (MBM). Corumbá, Fazenda Nhumirim, Nhecolândia, Lagoa 77, -18.98333300, -56.65000000, 11 August 1988, A. Pott 4377 (UB, CPAP). Minas Gerais: Coronel Pacheco, Fazenda da Liberdade, -21.60522087, -43.29328478, 13 October 1945, E.P. Heringer 2088 (SP, HUEFS). Monte Belo, Fazenda Lagoa, Mata Lagoa, 800 m, -21.41666670, -46.25000000, 6 September 1987, A.H. Gentry 59104 (MO). Tombos, Matta, Fazenda da Cachoeira, -20.90979400, -42,02484000, 20 July 1935, H.L.M. Barreto 1684 (MO). Fazenda Lagoa, Mata Lagoa, 800 m, -21.41666670, -46.25000000, 6 September 1987, A.H. Gentry 59123 (MO). Paraná: Amaporã, -23.12865082, -52.83463095, S. Goetzke 124 (MBM). Bandeirantes, Mata do Laranjinha, -23.16076623, -50.34685609, 10 October 1995, M.V.F. Tomé 519 (MBM); Ibid., -23.16076623, - 50.34685609, 31 October 1995, M.V.F. Tomé 555 (MBM); Ibid., -23.16076623, -50.34685609, 10 November 1995, M.V.F. Tomé 588 (MBM). Capitão Leônidas Marques, Próximo ao Parque Nacional do Iguaçu, -25.53078500, - 53.19713000, 1 June 2004, P. Labiak 3343 (MBM). Doutor Ulysses, Rio Turvo, -24.72321600, -49.42871700, 6 October 1999, G. Hatschbach 69288 (MBM). Fênix, Parque Florestal Vila Rica, -23.91179100, -51.96003700, 4 October 1986, G.G. Hatschbach 50588 (MO); Parque Estadual de Vila Rica do Espírito Santo, -23.91179100, - 51.96003700, 4 October 2008, G. Weiss 82 (RB, UPCB). Foz do Iguaçu, -25.47087876, -54.48234230, 21 July 1993, M.C. Portes 74 (MBM); Parque Nacional do Iguaçu, trilha do Poço Preto, -25.61124650, -54.43282730, 11 October 2009, L.G. Temponi 646 (MBM); Ibid., Estrada das Cataractas, Iguacu Foz, -25.55000000, -54.51700000, E. Buttura 111 (COL, MO); Ibid., -25.55000000, -54.51700000, 15 April 1965, G. Hatschbach 12578 (HB, MBM, MO); Ibid., Macucos, -25.55000000, -54.51700000, 24 August 1985, G. Hatschbach 49791 (MO); Ibid., Poço Preto, -25.55000000, -54.51700000, 12 October 1986, G. Hatschbach 50636 (MBM, MO); Ibid., 200 m, -25.55000000, -54.51700000, 15 October 1962, G. Hatschbach 9409 (MBM, HB); Cutavatus de Iguazu, -25.55000000, -54.51700000, 27 September 1967, A.G. Schulz 16188 (CTES,MO). Londrina, Fazenda Figueira-Paiquerê, -23.54083300, -50.97555600, 24 September 2004, J.S. Carneiro 248 (MBM, FUEL); Ibid., -23.54071000, -50.97540900, 4 March 2004, J.S. Carneiro 181 (SPF); Ibid., Fragmento 22, -23.54083300, -50.97555600, 9 October 2003, M.C. Lovato 393 (MBM, FUEL); Floresta dos Irmãos Gody, -23.43968300, -51.24083400, 16 October 1985, F. Chagas-Silva 916 (MBM); Fazenda Santa Helena, -23.12731270, -51.32499200, 8 May 1986, L.N. Pizzaia 62 (MO); Mata do Godoy, -23.30000000, - 51.21700000, 10 February 1985, L.A.C. Rodas 1355 (MO). Maringá, Horto Florestal “Dr. Luiz Teixeira Mendes”, Áreas do Projeto Flora, -23.43491400, -51.96848700, 8 October 1980, A. Ide 62 (UEC, HUEM); Horto Florestal, - 23.4356568, -51.9710482, 6August2004, L.A.de Souza s.n. (UPCB); Reserva Florestal II, -23.40101949, -51.96764217, 28 October 2005, Souza 102 (HRCB, HUEM). Palotina, Parque Estadual de São Camilo, -24.30636300, -53.90665900, 30 September 2010, C. Kozera 3561 (MBM); Ibid., -24.30636300, -53.90665900, 8 September 2011, C. Kozera 3956 (MBM). Peabiru, Arredores da Cachoeira do Rio do Campo, -23.91800900, -52.33901600, 11 March 2007, A.P. Agostinho s.n. (RB, HCF). Rio Capivari, Bocaiuva do Sul, -25.27000000, -49.10000000, 17 October 1961, G. Hatschbach 8331 (MBM, B, K, L). Santa Mariana, Mata de São Francisco, -23.16246900, -50.57281800, 1 November 2003, C.C. Gomes 2 (MBM); Ibid., -23.17228760, -50.61462360, 8 October 1994, M.V.F. Tomé 125 (MBM). São Pedro do Ivaí, -23.99272029, -51.84784824, 10 January 1991, F. Barros 2147 (SP); Fazenda Barbacena, -23.84566808, -51.87171481, 16 October 2003, O.S. Ribas 5530 (MBM). Telêmaco Borba, Margem da estrada de acesso ao eixo da barragem, 680 m, -24.30636300, -53.90665900, 22 September 2008, M. Kaehler 274 (MBM, UPCB); Ibid., 680 m, - 24.03333300, -50.70000000, 22 September 2008, M. Kaehler 275 (MBM, UPCB); Bota Fora Dois. Mata na margem direita da futura barragem da UH Mauá, -24.03333300, -50.70000000, 23 September 2008, M. Kaehler 313 (MBM, UPCB);, -24.23845486, -50.54188292, 18 September 2012, M.R. Lima 41 (MBM); Floresta ripária do Rio Tibagi, - 24.23845486, -50.54188292, 13 July 2012, C. Michelon 1528 (MBM); Bota Fora II, -24.23845486, -50.54188292, 24 September 2008, Urben-Filho 239 (MBM, UPCB). Eneas Marques, -25.90637227, -53.15347532, October 1974, G. Hatschbach 35168 (MBM, MO). Rio de Janeiro: Casemiro de Abreu, Barra de São João, restinga 6 km SE de Barra de São João, -22.59268500, -41.99905700, 14 August 1986, G. Martinelli 11660 (RB). Rio das Ostras, Restinga da Praia Virgem, -22.53307000, -41.93003500, 20 May 2000, H.N. Braga 888 (RB); Ibid., -22.53307000, -41.93003500, 29 November 1999, R. N. Damasceno 1241 (RB). São João da Barra, RPPN Fazenda Caruara, -21.75638900, - 41.04305600, 6 June 2013, A.D. Mattedi 327 (RB). Rio Grande do Sul: Machadinho, Balsa da Praia Bonita, - 27.58750827, -51.67385964, 30 March 2000, T. Strehl 3057 (MBM, HAS). Santa Catarina: Itapiranga, Itapiranga. Steep slope by Rio Uruguai, 3 km west Itapiranga, 200-250 m, -4.12953586, -58.29411442, 17 October 1964, L.B. Smith 12656 (HBR, US). Mondaí, Mondai, Rio Uruguai, 235 m, -27.11666670, -53.41666670, 16 October 1964, L.B. Smith 12603 (LP, F, MO, NY). São Paulo: Pindorama, Estação Experimental, -21.21849890, -48.90178260, 10 October 1938, O.T. Mendes s.n. (SP, IAC). Santa Genebra, UNICAMP Forest Reserve, near Campinas, Betel. Transect 1, 600 m, -22.83333330, -47,13333330, 4 January 1985, A.H. Gentry 49158A (MO). Ibid., 600 m, -22.83333000, - 47,133 33000, 4 January 1985, A.H. Gentry 49182A (MO). PARAGUAY. Alto Paraná: Puerto Stroessner, Itaipu, Forest Reserve Noe. Pto. Puente Stroessner, -22.70000000, -61.58300000, 27 May 1989, A.H. Gentry 66155 (MO); Puerto Stroessner, -22.70000000, -61.58300000, 3 January 1983, L.C.S. Ortega 1353 (MO). Ciudad Nueva, oeste de Puerto Presidente Stroessner, -25.46666670, -54.63333330, 13 October 1984, D.R. Brunner 894 (MO, PY)., - 25.49617420, -54.65783760, December 1984, L.C.S. Ortega 2024b (MO). Estancia Río Bonito, Forest I (along entrance), -25.64722200, -54.81250000, 26 May 1995, E.M. Zardini 42607 (PY, MO). Caazapa: Tres de Mayo, Distrito Yuty, Desvio a Tres de Mayo, Compañia Capitindy, -26.48333333, -56.10000000, 10 September 1987, E.M. Zardini 3015 (FCQ, MO). Yuty, 15 km S de Capitindy, -26.60000000, -56.25000000, 10 September 1987, M.M. Arbo 2818 (MO). Canindeyú: Puerto Marangatu, Puerto Marangatu, -24.61666670, -54.35000000, 9 October 1980, J. Fernandez-Casas 4163 (G, MO). Villa Ygatimi, Colonia Chupa Pou, 36 km NE of Ygatymi, 190 m, -24.01600000, - 55.50000000, 24 September 1987, A.H. Gentry 59281 (MO). Terreno del Banco Mundial, 34 km E of Villa Ygatimi near Río Jejui-mí, 150 m, -24.13333330, -55.53333330, 25 September 1987, A.H. Gentry 59394 (MO). Central: Lago Ypacaray, Iacus Ypacaray, -25.28333333, -57.33333333, E. Hassler 12322 (G,L,MO,WIS,). Concepción: Between Estancias Belo Horizonte and Primavera, -22.71388890, -57.49333330, 26 June 2002, E.M. Zardini 58799 (MO). Cordillera: Caacupe, Caa-Cupe, bosque del Insituto Agronomico Nacional, -25.38333330, -57.15000000, 26 September 1967, A.G. Schulz 16132 (CTES,MO). Caraguatay, Caraguatay, -25.23333330, -56.81666670, October 1898, E. Hassler 3317 (G,MO,S,). Guaira: Arroyo Taquara, A 6 km de Melgarejo hacia cerro Acatí, Bosque ribereño del arroyo Tacuara, -24.98333333, -57.05000000, 17 June 1989, A. Aguayo 447 (FCQ, MO). Cordillera de Ybytyruzu, Tororo; Prop. de Raul Alvarenga, -25.91600000, -56.25000000, 13 November 1988, N. Soria 2679 (FCQ, MO); Road Melgarejo-Antena, 5 kms S of Melgarejo, -25.91600000, -56.25000000, 13 March 1989, E.M. Zardini 11461 (FCQ, MO); 10 kms S of Melgarejo on road to the Antena, -25.91600000, -56.25000000, 28 May 1989, E.M. Zardini 12382 (FCQ, G, MO, SPF); 15 kms N of Antena on road Melgarejo-Antena, -25.75000000, -56.25000000, 14 July 1989, E.M. Zardini 13570 (FCQ, MO); Cerro Mymy, camino a Cerro Polilla, -25.91600000, -56.16600000, 23 July 1989, E.M. Zardini 13794 (FCQ, MO); Road to Cantera Jhú, 8 kms S of route to Coronel Oviedo, -25.80000000, -56.33300000, 27 September 1989, E.M. Zardini 14718 (FCQ, MO); Road to Cantera Jhú, 5 kms S of route to Coronel Oviedo, - 25.80000000, -56.33300000, 27 September 1989, E.M. Zardini 14816 (FCQ, MO); Road to Cantera Jhú, 6 kms S of route to Coronel Oviedo, -25.80000000, -56.33300000, 16 October 1989, E.M. Zardini 15057 (FCQ, MO); Road to Cantera Jhú, 5 kms S of route to Coronel Oviedo, -25.80000000, -56.33300000, 16 October 1989, E.M. Zardini 15238 (FCQ, MO); Melgarejo-Cerro Acati, 8 km S of Melgarejo, -25.80000000, -56.26600000, 10 July 1992, E.M. Zardini 32640 (FCQ, MO). Road Melgarejo-Antena, -25.91666670, -56.25000000, 5 March 1989, E.M. Zardini 11267 (FCQ, MO). Road Melgarejo-Antena, 8 kms S of Melgarejo, -25.91666670, -56.25000000, 5 March 1989, E.M. Zardini 11302 (FCQ, MO). Melgarejo-Cerro Acati, 8 km S of Melgarejo, -25.80000000, -56.26666670, 10 July 1992, E.M. Zardini 32658 (FCQ, MO). Road to Cantera Jhú, 5 kms S of Coronel Oviedo, -25.80000000, -56.33333330, 16 October 1989, E.M. Zardini 15207 (FCQ, G, MO, SPF). Itapua: Pirapo, Cerca Pirapo. Sitio de plantaciones experimentales de CEDEFO, -26.80000000, -55.81600000, 10 October 1984, D.R. Brunner 852 (MO, PY). Missiones: Caaguazu, Cerro Caaguazu, near Nemby, -27.10000000, -56.78333333, 7 November 1956, T.M. Pedersen 4245 (MO). Paraguarí: Acahay Massif, Acahay Massif, 2 km W of entrance road, -26.86600000, -57.16600000, 11 November 1989, E.M. Zardini 16216 (MO, PY); Ibid., Easternmost Peak, Northern part, -25.86600000, -57.13300000, 13 January 1992, E.M. Zardini 29696 (MO, PY); Macizo Acahay, 500 m, -25.90000000, -57.15000000, 16 June 1988, E.M. Zardini 4863 (MO, PY); Ibid. 500 m, -25.90000000, -57.15000000, 30 June 1988, E.M. Zardini 5336 (MO, PY); Ibid. 500 m, -26.90000000, -57.15000000, 26 July 1988, E.M. Zardini 40123 (MO, PY); Ibid. 500 m, -26.90000000, -57.15000000, 26 July 1988, E.M. Zardini 6129 (MO, PY); Ibid. 500 m, -26.90000000, -57.15000000, 26 July 1988, E.M. Zardini 6151 (MO, PY); Ibid. 500 m, -25.90000000, -57.15000000, 21 August 1988, E.M. Zardini 6508 (MO, PY); Ibid. 500 m, -25.90000000, -57.15000000, 4 December 1988, E.M. Zardini 8326 (MBM, MO, PY); Ibid., 500 m, -25.90000000, -57.15000000, 4 December 1988, E.M. Zardini 8342 (G, PY, MO, SPF). Cerro Mbatovi, Cerro Mbatoví, 297 m, - 25.41600000, -57.11600000, 2 July 1988, E.M. Zardini 5467 (FCQ, MO). Cerro Palacios, Compañía Costa Segunda, Cerro Palacios, -25.41600000, -57.16600000, E.M. Zardini 3095 (FCQ, MO); Ibid., -25.41666000, -57.16666000, 23 September 1987, E.M. Zardini 3107 (FCQ, MBM, MO); Ibid., -25.41666000, -57.16666000, 23 September 1987, E.M. Zardini 3116 (FCQ, MO). Cordillera de Altos, Cordillera de Altos, -25.51666667, -57.26666667, 4 November 1902, K. Fiebrig 367 (MO); Ibid., -25.51666667, -57.26666667, E. Hassler 1136 (MO). Parque Nacional Ybycul, Ybycui National Park. Arroyo Minas, forest along creek near administration building, 150 m, -26.00000000, -56.83300000, 1 October 1985, A.H. Gentry 51868 (PY, MO). Macizo Acahay, 500 m, -26.90000000, -57.15000000, 14 July 1988, E.M. Zardini 5720 (MO, PY); Ibid. 500 m, -25.90000000, -57.15000000, 4 December 1988, E.M. Zardini 8328 (PY, MO). Cerro Yacumbu, pres Assumpción, -25.43300000, -56.96600000, 1874, B. Balansa 494pp (G, MO). Paraguari a Yaguaron, -25.63333330, -57.15000000, October 1876, B. Balansa 495 (G, MO). Pto Stroessner, Km 12, -25.49617420, -54.65783760, 6 December 1984, L.C.S. Ortega 2010 (MO).