Larnax, Miers

Deanna, Rocío, González, Segundo Leiva & Barboza, Gloria E., 2014, Four new species and eighteen lectotypifications of Larnax from Ecuador and Peru and a new synonym of Deprea orinocensis (Solanaceae: Solanoideae, Physalideae), Phytotaxa 167 (1), pp. 1-34 : 32

Identification key for Larnax species from Ecuador

Larnax dilloniana and L. purpurea have been recorded for Ecuador, but no collections have been cited ( Leiva et al. 1998a; Jørgensen & León-Yánez 1999). We did not find specimens of these species in the different herbaria revised and in the extensive fieldwork done in this country. For this reason, we do not include these species in the following key.

1. Fruiting calyx elliptic-fusiform .............................................................................................................................................. 2

- Fruiting calyx pyriform, urceolate, globose or subglobose ................................................................................................... 5

2. Corolla greenish yellow externally, yellow to dull purple at the apex internally, 5.8–6.3 mm long; calyx purple with unequal lobes, 0.6–1.1 mm long; fruiting calyx blackish purple with copious long glandular trichomes ... L. purpureocarpa

- Corolla whitish green or green, 7.5–12.5 mm long; calyx green with equal lobes, 0.1–0.6 mm long; fruiting calyx always green with mainly non-glandular trichomes........................................................................................................................... 3

3. Flowers solitary, exceptionally paired; upper surface leaf glabrescent; anther non-mucronate; leaf length-width ratio 4–6. ......................................................................................................................................................................... L. steyermarkii

- Flowers 2–4 per node; upper surface leaf pubescent; anther mucronate; leaf length-width ratio 2–2.5 .............................. 4

4. Indumentum with abundant ochraceous trichomes; corolla very pubescent externally, 10.4-11.5 mm long; stamens heterodynamous, anthers 2.2–2.3 mm long ................................................................................................................ L. harlingiana

- Indumentum with scattered whitish transparent trichomes; corolla glabrescent externally, 7.5-8.5 mm long; stamens homodynamous, anthers 1.6–1.85 mm long .................................................................................................................... L. hawkesii

5. Corolla entirely deep purple, its lobes equalling the length of the tube.................................................................... L. glabra

- Corolla whitish green, yellow, or deep-purple with yellowish green apex, margins and veins, its lobes always longer than the tube .................................................................................................................................................................................. 6

6. Calyx lobes> 1 mm long, corolla (9–) 12–22 mm long ..................................................................................... L. sachapapa

- Calyx lobes <1 mm long, corolla 5–14 mm long ................................................................................................................. 7

7. Plants glabrescent; leaves with short glandular trichomes on both surfaces, glabrous on veins and margins ...................... 8

- Plants pubescent to hirsute; leaves mainly with long non-glandular trichomes on both surfaces, pubescent on veins and margins ................................................................................................................................................................................. 10

8. Shrubs 0.5–1 m tall; corolla 8.7–11.2 mm long, lobes deep-purple internally with yellowish green apex, margins and veins ................................................................................................................................................................................... L. pumila

- Shrubs 1–3 m tall; corolla 4.2–8 mm long, lobes entirely dull greenish yellow or creamy white ........................................ 9

9. Flowers 1–3 per inflorescence; anthers shortly mucronate; fruiting calyx globose tightly enveloping the berry. .................. .............................................................................................................................................................................. L. psilophyta

- Flowers 2–7 per inflorescence; anthers non-mucronate; fruiting calyx urceolate loosely enveloping the berry..................... .............................................................................................................................................................................. L. peruviana

10. Lower leaf surface markedly reticulately nerved; flowers 4–5 per inflorescence; trichomes in an annular ring on the inner corolla tube; fruiting calyx tightly investing the berry ........................................................................................ L. toledoana

- Lower leaf surface slightly not reticulately nerved; flowers solitary; trichomes absent on the inner corolla tube; fruiting calyx loosely investing the berry..........................................................................................................................................11

11. Stems green; anthers shortly mucronate; berry greenish white, fruiting calyx bright green ............................. L. macasiana

- Stems deep purple; anthers apiculate; berry orange, fruiting calyx greenish white ........................................... L. andersonii