Nephoptera (Erdemia) hackeri ( Harz, 1988 ), 2025

Ünal, Mustafa, 2025, Taxonomic notes on Phaneropterinae and Tettigoniinae (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) from the Palaearctic Region, Zootaxa 5687 (1), pp. 1-77 : 12-13

Nephoptera (Erdemia) hackeri ( Harz, 1988) comb. nov.

( Figs. 18–21 )

Phaneroptera (Erdemia) erdemi Koçak et Kemal, 2009 syn. nov.

Harz, 1988: 137 as Phaneroptera hackeri ; Koçak et Kemal, 2009: 6 as Phaneroptera (Erdemia) hackeri and Phaneroptera (Erdemia) erdemi (Holotype: female); Taylan et al., 2021: 51 as Phaneroptera (Erdemia) hackeri .

Type locality. SE Turkey, 12 km from Hakkari. Holotype. male ( MHNG).

Holotype of Phaneroptera erdemi . female ( CESA).

Material examined. TURKEY, Şırnak, BeytüŞŞebab, Günyüzü , 1374 m, 6.9.2013, 1 female (leg. M. Ünal ) ( AİBÜEM) .

Distribution. SE Turkey, 12 km from Hakkari [unknown direction] (type locality) ( Harz 1988); Siirt: Şirvan (type locality of P. erdemi ) ( Koçak et Kemal 2009); Hakkari: Çukurca, DemirtaŞ (Taylan et al. 2021); Şırnak: BeytüŞŞebab (present paper).

Remarks. Koçak and Kemal (2009) considered that the male of Phaneroptera (Erdemia) erdemi is very similar to that of P. hackeri . Therefore, they did not provide any diagnosis of the male sex, and described only the female (comparing P. hackeri ) as a new species. However, the female allotype of P. hackeri does not belong to this species (and genus), which is re-identified as Phaneroptera nana nana here (see above). Thus, Koçak and Kemal (2009) actually described the female of P. hackeri .

Phaneroptera and Nephoptera species can be found syntopically, as in this example, in Hakkari Province, Nephoptera hackeri and Phaneroptera nana . Another example, Nephoptera tibialis , Nephoptera persica , and Phaneroptera gracilis were found in the same location, 22 km N of Bandar-Abbas, in Iran ( Kaltenbach 1980: 580–581).

This species is most closely related to N. robusta by the shape of the ovipositor, which is only known from the female.

Subgenus Exonephoptera Ünal , subgen. nov.

Type species: Nephoptera sinica Steinmann, 1966

Description. Fastigium of vertex broad, slightly narrower than antennal scape. Eyes oval ( Figs. 24, 28 ). Pronotum ( Figs. 22–24 ) without lateral carinae; antero-ventral corner or paranota broadly rounded; shoulder incision deep and rounded. Tegmina ( Figs. 22, 23 ) fully developed; wings longer than tegmina. Basal part of fore tibia with open and oval tympanal organ ( Fig. 29 ) on both sides. Fore and mid tibia with a longitudinal groove on dorsal side; mid tibia slightly widened in the basal part. Hind tibia with 2 apical spurs, both on dorsal and ventral sides. Hind femur with ventral spines. Male cercus ( Figs. 24, 32 ) long, cylindrical, almost the same width along its length, apex blunt, without an apical denticle; strongly and roundly incurved along its length, almost C-shaped; Last abdominal tergite ( Figs. 24, 26, 32 ) short and wide, posterior margin truncate. Male subgenital plate ( Figs. 25, 31, 32 ) long, strongly widened in basal part; apical part narrow, with a shallow posterior incision between two short lateral lobes, with very long styli which are almost 1/3 of the plate length. Ovipositor ( Figs. 26, 30 ) long, longer than twice as long as pronotum; strongly upcurved like a quarter circle.

Remarks. This new subgenus is a member of the tribe Phaneropterini as indicated by the following: fully developed tegmina, hind wings longer than tegmina, the exposed and oval tympanal organ on both sides of the tibia at the base, and the deep shoulder incision on the pronotum. It is included in Nephoptera by the broad fastigium of vertex, the male cercus (cylindrical, almost same width along its length or slightly widened apically; without apical denticle and with blunt apex) ( Figs. 4, 8, 9, 16, 18, 24, 32 ), the hind tibia with 2 spurs on dorsal and ventral sides, the mid tibia slightly widened in basal part, the long ovipositor, more than twice as long as the length of the pronotum. It is easily separated from the new transferred subgenus Erdemia by the short and wide last tergite of the male which is not developed posteriorly. It is different from both the nominotypical subgenus and Erdemia by the characters given in the key above. Its known distribution is also separated from the others.

Figures

FIGURES 1–32. 1–2 Phaneroptera nana nana, 1 female habitus, lateral view; 2 ovipositor, lateral view. 3 Nephoptera (s. str.) tibialis, ovipositor. 4 Nephoptera (s. str.) persica, male cercus. 5–8 Nephoptera (s. str.) richteri, 5 male habitus, lateral view; 6 female habitus, lateral view; 7 male subgenital plate, ventral view; 8 male end of abdomen, lateral view. 9–10 Nephoptera (Erdemia) bienkoi, 9 male end of abdomen, lateral view; 10 ovipositor, right side (mirror view). 11–17 Nephoptera (Erdemia) afghana, 11 male habitus, lateral view; 12 male head and pronotum, lateral view; 13 male habitus, dorsal view; 14 male end of abdomen, lateral view; 15 male last tergite, dorsal view; 16 male left cercus, dorsal view; 17 male subgenital plate, ventro-lateral view. 18–21 Nephoptera (Erdemia) hackeri, 18 male end of abdomen, lateral view; 19 male subgenital plate, ventral view; 20 female habitus, lateral view; 21 ovipositor, right side (mirror view). 22–32 Nephoptera (Exonephoptera) sinica, 22 male habitus; 23 female habitus; 24 male body, lateral view; 25 male subgenital plate, ventral view; 26 female end of abdomen, ovipositor; 27 female pronotum, dorsal view; 28 ditto, lateral view; 29 female tympanal organ; 30 ovipositor; 31 male subgenital plate, ventral view of apical part; 32 male end of abdomen, lateral view. Figures 1–10, 18–19 and 22–26 are from OSF. Figures 27–32 are from Steinmann, 1966.