Scopesis FÖRSTER, 1869

Riedel, Matthias, H, Andres & Schmidt, Stefan, 2024, Revision of the Palaearctic species of Scopesis FÖRSTER (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Ctenopelmatinae), Linzer biologische Beiträge 56 (1), pp. 201-252 : 203-206

Key for the Palaearctic species of Scopesis FÖRSTER, 1869

Females (of Sc. areolaris unknown):

1 Hind femur red, sometimes black apically. .........................................................................2

- Hind femur brown or black. ..............................................................................................12

2 Basal half of 1 st tergite with latero-median carina (fig. 101). Area superomedia with lateral carina. Hind tibia yellow, infuscate basally and in apical 0.2. .................................... .................................................................................... Campodorus obscurus (HOLMGREN)

- 1 st tergite without latero-median carina (fig. 100). Area superomedia sometimes with lateral carina. Hind tibia yellowish or red basally, usually not infuscate basally. ...............3

3 Scutellum, postscutellum, clypeus and ventral scape usually red (fig. 104). Hind tibia reddish basally and medially. Basal flagellar segments short (2 nd flagellomere 2.3–2.4× as long as wide) (as in fig. 98)....................................... Sc. rubrotincta (SCHMIEDEKNECHT)

- Scutellum and postscutellum without red spots. Hind tibia yellowish or reddish-yellow basally and medially. Length of basal flagellar segments various.......................................4

4 Mesopleuron and often propodeum apically rugose (figs 70, 105). Flagellum, clypeus and mesosoma black (fig. 16). ..................................................... Sc. ulbrichti (TEUNISSEN)

- Mesopleuron granulate, punctate and/or ± striate (figs 54–69). Flagellum and clypeus mainly reddish or yellowish. ..............................................................................................5

5. Metasoma brownish or black, with some diffuse reddish shine. Flagellum with 33–40 segments. ......................................................................................... Sc. polita (HOLMGREN)

- At least 2 nd and 3 rd tergites red, rarely reddish-brown or with blackish marks. Flagellum with various numbers of segments. .....................................................................................6

6 Flagellum stout; 2 nd flagellar segment less than 2.5× as long as wide, 3 rd segment usually less than 2.2× as long as wide (fig. 98). ..................................................................7

- Flagellum slenderer; 2 nd flagellar segment 2.5–2.9× and 3 rd segment 2.2–2.5× as long as wide (fig. 99).................................................................................................................10

7 Small, body length 5.2 mm. Flagellum with 28 segments. Hind femur slightly infuscate apically. Only 2 nd and 3 rd tergites ± reddish. Palps and tegula brown. ................................. .................................................................................................... Sc. minuta RIEDEL nov.sp.

- Larger, body length 6–11 mm. Flagellum with at least 32 segments. Hind femur usually entirely red. Usually 1 st to 4 th tergites entirely red. Palps and tegula brown or yellow........8

8 Mesopleuron completely rugose-striate, not punctate (fig. 65). Inner orbits ventrally narrowed (fig. 11). Malar space short, MI 0.3. 1 st tergite 1.8× as long as wide. Palps, hind edge of pronotum and tegula yellow. ............................... Sc. rugulosa RIEDEL nov.sp.

- Mesopleuron different, usually granulate and ± punctate ventrally and finely striate dorsally (figs 54-64). 1 st tergite not more than 1.7× as long as wide. Palps, hind edge of pronotum and tegula often brown........................................................................................9

9 Clypeus entirely reddish-yellow, often with two small paramedian yellowish facial spots above clypeal margin (fig. 80). Scape sometimes reddish ventrally (fig. 7). Tegula sometimes yellow............................................................. Sc. macropus (THOMSON)

- Clypeus reddish in apical 2/3 (fig. 76). Face and scape black (fig. 3). Tegula brown. .......... ..................................................................................................... Sc. frontator (THUNBERG)

10 Palps, clypeus, tegula, often hind edge of pronotum and hind tibia except black apex yellow (fig. 97). Face sometimes with yellow paramedian spots or stripes ventrally (fig. 14). Mesopleuron partly and finely rugose or striae ventrally and distinctly striate dorsally (fig. 68)............................................................................ Sc. tarsatae HORSTMANN

- Palps and hind edge of pronotum brownish or reddish, tegula often red or brown. Clypeus usually reddish-yellow (figs 74, 85). Face with or without yellow stripes. Mesopleuron granulate or ± rugose ventrally. Hind tibia reddish, ± infuscate apically (fig. 96) .............................................................................................................................11

11 Tegula usually reddish or brownish. Hind tibia reddish-yellow, ± infuscate apically, with shorter and pale setae externally (fig. 96). Mesopleuron granulate ventrally and weakly striate dorsally (fig. 64). Clypeus usually yellowish or reddish-yellow in apical half (fig. 84). .......................................................................... Sc. rufolabris (ZETTERSTEDT)

- Tegula black. Hind tibia red, infuscate apically, with numerous strong blackish or brown setae externally (fig. 94). Mesopleuron finely rugose and punctate ventrally, striate dorsally (fig. 55). Clypeus reddish-brown in apical half (fig. 75)............................... ............................................................................................... Sc. caucasica RIEDEL nov.sp.

12 Apical spurs of hind tibia short (0.3–0.4× as long as hind metatarsus) and of almost similar length (fig. 98). Clypeus bulging and usually coarsely rugose-punctate (fig. 93). Mesopleuron coarsely rugose (fig. 72). Flagellum, palps, hind edge of pronotum and tegula yellow. 1 st flagellar segment very slender (c 6× as long as wide). Hind tibia and hind tarsus yellowish................................................... Cuboscopesis fraterna (HOLMGREN)

- Inner apical spur of hind tibia much longer than outer spur, at least 0.5× as long as hind metatarsus (as in fig. 97). Clypeus usually less bulging and with sparse finer punctures. Mesopleuron often granulate and/or partly striate. 1 st flagellar segment shorter. ..............13

13 Face with yellow stripes (figs 4, 13). Hind tarsus yellowish. ............................................14

- Face black (sometimes with narrow transverse yellow stripe above clypeus in Sc. sachalinesis). Hind tarsus blackish....................................................................................15

14 Face with V-shaped yellow spot (fig. 13). 1 st tergite black, c 2× as long as wide. Median tergites reddish. .................................................................. Sc. styriaca (HEINRICH)

- Face with two paramedian yellow stripes (fig. 4). 1 st tergite yellowish, 1.4–1.6× as long as wide. Median tergites yellowish. ........................................ Sc. gesticulator (THUNBERG)

15 Tegula yellow. Mesopleuron with distinct striae dorsally (fig. 69). Palps yellowish or brownish. Clypeus usually reddish or reddish-yellow in apical 2/3 (fig. 89). 1 st tergite red. ................................................................................................. Sc. tegularis (THOMSON)

- Tegula black or brown; if sometimes yellow (in Sc. sachalinensis (UCHIDA )) , then clypeus yellow and 1 st tergite mainly black.......................................................................16

16 Palps yellow (fig. 12). Clypeus and often narrow transverse stripe at ventral margin of face ± yellow (fig. 86). Temple distinctly narrowed behind eye (fig. 45). Mid femur ± black basally. Mesopleuron dorsally without or with few fine striae. 1 st tergite usually black. ......................................................................................... Sc. sachalinensis (UCHIDA)

- Palps usually reddish or brown. Clypeus reddish or reddish-yellow. Face entirely black. Structure of mesopleuron and coloration of 1 st tergite various ......................................... 17

17 Mid femur red, basally ± blackish. Flagellum slender. Mesopleuron dull, with weak striation dorsally (fig. 58). Area superomedia usually without or with weak incomplete lateral carina, area petiolaris often open medially (as in fig. 104)......................................... ...................................................................................................... Sc. guttiger (HOLMGREN)

- Fore and mid femur entirely red. Area superomedia usually with ± distinct lateral carina. Area petiolaris often closed medially (fig. 103).....................................................18

18 Flagellum slenderer; 2 nd flagellar segment at least 2.5× as long as wide (as fig. 99). Mesopleuron rugose or partly striate and dull ventrally and with ± distinct striation dorsally (fig. 54)....................................................................... Sc. bicolor (GRAVENHORST)

- Flagellum stouter, 2 nd flagellar segment at most 2.3× as long as wide (as fig. 98). Mesopleuron with fine granulation and distinct punctures, ± shining ventrally, with weak striation dorsally (fig. 59) ................................................... Sc. longigena (THOMSON)

Males (from Sc. minuta nov.sp. and Sc. rugulosa nov.sp. unknown):

1 Hind femur black.................................................................................................................2

- Hind femur red. ................................................................................................................10

2 Hind tarsus yellow...............................................................................................................3

- Hind tarsus black or brown. ................................................................................................4

3 Apical spurs of hind tibia short (0.3–0.4× as long as hind metatarsus) and of almost similar length (fig. 98). Mesopleuron rugose. Median tergites red. Face yellow laterally, with black stripe medially (fig.35). Scape ventrally, hind edge of pronotum, and often spot on fore coxa yellow. ............................ Cuboscopesis fraterna (HOLMGREN)

- Apical spurs of hind tibia of different length, inner spur>0.5× as long as hind metatarsus (as in fig. 97). Mesopleuron granulate and ± punctate. Median tergites yellow. Area superomedia with ± distinct lateral carinae. Scape ventrally (fig. 23), hind edge of pronotum, sometimes anterolateral spots on mesoscutum yellow. Hind femur sometimes yellow basally........................................................ Sc. gesticulator (THUNBERG)

4 Mesoscutum with large antero-lateral yellow spots. Mid femur red, often infuscate basally. Tegula reddish or brown. Coxae black, fore coxa sometimes with reddish or yellowish spot apically. ................................................................. Sc. guttiger (HOLMGREN)

- Mesoscutum usually entirely black. Mid femur usually entirely red. Tegula and coxae of various color. ..................................................................................................................5

5 Fore and mid coxae mainly or entirely yellow; hind coxa with yellow apical margin. ......... .......................................................................................... Sc. tarsatae HORSTMANN , partim

- Fore and mid coxae black, ± yellow apically. Hind coxa entirely black. ...........................6

6 Hind edge of pronotum and subtegular ridge widely yellow................................................. ....................................................................................................... Sc. tegularis (THOMSON)

- Hind edge of pronotum and subtegular ridge without or with small reddish or yellowish spots. ..................................................................................................................................7

7 Mesopleuron granulate, without punctures and/or striae (fig. 66). Area superomedia not indicated by lateral carinae........................................................ Sc. sachalinensis (UCHIDA)

- Mesopleuron granulate and with ± distinct punctures ventrally, finely striate dorsally (Fig. 54). Area superomedia often indicated by ± distinct lateral carinae. ..........................8

8 Fore and mid trochantelli mainly black. Mid femur red, infuscate in basal 1/3–1/2. ............ ..................................................................................................... Sc. longigena (THOMSON)

- Fore and mid trochantelli yellowish. Mid femur red, not or slightly infuscate basally........9

9 Hind edge of pronotum blackish. Tegula usually yellowish, sometimes brownish. .............. ................................................................................................. Sc. bicolor (GRAVENHORST)

- Hind edge of pronotum ± yellowish. Tegula yellow. ........ Sc. tarsatae HORSTMANN , partim

10 Tegula entirely yellow.......................................................................................................11

- Tegula black or red, at most with small yellow spot frontally...........................................17

11 Metasoma mainly black. Mesopleuron granulate, sometimes smoothened. Yellow coloration of mesosoma very variable, at least wide hind edge of pronotum and tegula yellow; sometimes also antero-lateral spots on mesoscutum, scutellum and postscutellum yellow........................................................................ Sc. polita (HOLMGREN)

- Median tergites ± red. Yellow coloration of mesosoma usually less extended..................12

12 Scutellum yellow. Mesopleuron with smoothened sculpture, strongly shining. Face, gena, frontal orbit ventrally, collar, hind edge of pronotum, tegula, apical spots on fore and mid coxae, anterolateral spot on mesoscutum and usually spot on mesosternum yellow. Postscutellum reddish....................................... Sc. rubrotincta (SCHMIEDEKNECHT)

- Scutellum usually black. Structure of mesosopleuron and color pattern partly or completely different. .........................................................................................................13

13 Area superomedia with distinct lateral carina. Mesopleuron granulate, not striate dorsally (fig. 67). Hind femur slender, 5.3× as long as wide. 1 st tergite slender, 2.6× as long as wide. Mesoscutum with large antero-lateral yellow spot. ......................................... ........................................................................................................ Sc. styriaca (HEINRICH)

- Area superomedia usually without or with weak lateral carina. Mesopleuron ± shining, sometimes ± striate dorsally. Hind femur and 1 st tergite usually stouter. Mesoscutum without yellow spot. Hind edge of pronotum, tegula, and fore and mid coxae ± yellow apically. .............................................................................................................................14

14 Hind tibia basally and apically infuscate (fig. 97). Hind femur entirely red.......................... .................................................................................... Campodorus obscurus (HOLMGREN)

- Hind tibia not infuscate basally, sometimes weakly infuscate subbasally (fig. 95). Hind femur red, often slightly infuscate apically. ......................................................................15

15 Ventral third of frontal orbit yellow. Often antero-lateral spot on mesoscutum and sometimes spot on mesosternum yellow. Hind femur entirely red, not infuscate apically. Ventral half of mesopleuron usually with smoothened structure. .......................... ..................................................................................................... Sc. macropus (THOMSON)

- Ventral third of frontal orbit usually black. Mesoscutum and mesosternum black, without yellow spots. Hind femur red, slightly infuscate apically. Ventral half of mesopleuron different. ......................................................................................................16

16 Mesopleuron usually ± striate dorsally (fig. 68). Inner orbit opposite of antenna groove usually yellow. Face entirely yellow (fig. 31). Hind tibia yellowish in basal 2/3 (fig. 96) .......................................................................................... Sc. tarsatae HORSTMANN , partim

- Mesopleuron usually without striation dorsally (fig. 64). Inner orbit opposite antennal groove usually black (fig. 28). Face sometimes with dorso-median black stripe. Hind tibia reddish in basal 2/3 (as in fig. 95). ................................. Sc. rufolabris (ZETTERSTEDT)

17 Clypeus and face blackish (fig. 33). Mesopleuron distinctly rugose-punctate (fig. 70)......... ..................................................................................................... Sc. ulbrichti (TEUNISSEN)

- Clypeus and face ± yellowish. Mesopleuron granulate and ± striate dorsally. .................18

18 Tergites mainly black; 2 nd and 3 rd tergites with diffuse reddish suffusion. Face laterally or mainly cream-yellow (fig. 21). Clypeus moderately convex, not bulging medially (fig. 75) .................................................................................. Sc. caucasica RIEDEL nov.sp.

- At least 2 nd and 3 rd tergites entirely red. Face ± yellow. Clypeus various .........................19

19 Clypeus and face entirely yellow (fig. 22). Clypeus moderately convex, not bulging medially, with sparse fine punctures (fig. 76). Hind femur entirely red. ............................... ..................................................................................................... Sc. frontator (THUNBERG)

- Clypeus yellow, face with yellow orbits and yellow paramedian spots, otherwise black (fig. 19). Clypeus bulging medially, with coarse dense punctures (fig. 91). Hind femur red, infuscate apically................................................................... Sc. areolaris (PFANKUCH)