Taraxacum crassicarpum Kirschner & Štěpánek, 2025
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publication ID |
https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.679.1.1 |
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DOI |
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.16717154 |
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persistent identifier |
https://treatment.plazi.org/id/0399F353-FFCC-FFD5-FF78-F9744CB0BE76 |
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treatment provided by |
Felipe |
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scientific name |
Taraxacum crassicarpum Kirschner & Štěpánek |
| status |
sp. nov. |
39. Taraxacum crassicarpum Kirschner & Štěpánek View in CoL , sp. nov.
Type:—[ RUSSIA, Altai Republic] USSR, Sibiria austro-occid., montes Altaj, distr. Ongudaj, in pratis montanis supra pagum Aktaš, ca. 2000 m, 4–5 Jul 1988 , J. Kirschner , cultivated as T 131 ( PRA, no. det. 35858, holotype) .
Etymology:—Having thick fruits (achenes).
Diagnosis:— A speciebus nobis notis e sectione Borealiorum distinctissima phyllariis pruinosis, subimbricatis, albomarginatis, conspicue ciliolatis, et praesertim acheniis roseo-stramineis vel rubellis crassis, corpore superne sparse squamuloso, in pyramidem crassam conicam sensim transeunte.
Plants small, to 10 cm tall. Petiole purplish abaxially, usually green adaxially, sparsely arachnoid, usually narrowly winged, tunic absent. Leaves ± mid-green, most often with purplish mid-vein, sparsely arachnoid to glabrous, ± oblanceolate in outline, usually 4–7 × 1.0– 1.5 cm, pinnatilobed to pinnatisect, some plants with a majority of undivided or sinuate-dentate or shallowly lobed leaves, most leaves with an acute, triangular to helmet-shaped-triangular terminal segment with ± entire margins, lateral segments in 2–4 irregular pairs, usually recurved (often with distal part patent), distal margin subconcave, usually with a single acute tooth, sometimes with several little teeth, proximal margin entire or sparsely denticulate, interlobes variable, often with raised and sparsely denticulate margins. Scape usually brownish green, initially densely arachnoid, distally arachnoid-tomentose, later sparsely arachnoid to glabrescent, equalling to ± overtopping inflorescence. Capitulum comparatively light yellow, 3–4 cm wide. Involucre ± light olivaceous green, slightly pruinose, 9–10 mm wide and broadly rounded at base. Outer phyllaries short and numerous, (14) 17–21, appressed, subimbricate, ovate to ovate-lanceolate (sometimes the outermost ones narrowly lanceolate, ca. 1.5 mm wide), usually (5–) 6–8 × (2.2–) 2.6–3.0 (–3.3) mm, surface greyish dark green and pruinose, with a distinct, sharply delimited whitish border ca. 0.3 mm wide, and with distinct black middle line, margin usually denticulate, ± densely and long ciliate, apex with blackish horns to ca. 1.5–1.8 mm long; adaxial surface (usually not visible) pale yellowish green. Inner phyllaries light olivaceous-green, usually coalescing (then with two blackish lines), apex distinctly corniculate. Outer ligules narrow, striped grey or pinkish grey outside, teeth grey-pink, inner ligule teeth dirty pinkish yellow. Stigmas deep grey with black pubescence outside. Pollen abundant, pollen grains irregular in size. Achenes robust, light pinkish or fulvous stramineous-brown to light reddish, (4.8–) 5.0–5.5 × (1.3–) 1.4–1.5 (–1.6) mm, body with ± sparse squamules or with a few rows of short, coalescing squamules in upper 1/4, very gradually narrowing in thick conical cone (0.7–) 0.8–1.0 (–1.1) mm long, (0.6–) 0.7–0.8 mm wide at base, 0.4–0.5 mm distally, beak slightly thickened, ca. 0.25 mm thick, ca. (6–) 7–8 mm long, pappus ± white, 6.5–7 mm long. – Agamospermous. – Fig. 3D View FIGURE 3 , 66 View FIGURE 66 , 67 View FIGURE 67 .
Diagnostic notes:—The achenes of T. crassicarpum are long, light stramineous-brown with a conspicuous pinkish or light fulvous hue, and the achene body is thick, with sparse short squamules, sometimes arranged in rows, the cone is thick, conical. This character combination is diagnostic itself; there are other important characters, however: the involucre is pruinose, with numerous outer phyllaries having the surface pruinose, grey, with a sharply delimited white border and margins conspicuously ciliate.
Distribution:—Known from a few localities, one on the southern slopes of the Ai-Gulak Range, north and northeast of Aktash village, the other on the Severo-Chuiskiy Khrebet above Chibit village, both the Central Altai.
Specimens examined:—[ RUSSIA, Altai Republic] Ongudai District, subalpine meadows above [north of] the village of Aktash, ca. 2000 m, 4–5 Jul 1988, J. Kirschner , cultivated as T 131 ( PRA, no. det. 36760). – Ongudai District , Severo-Chuiskiy Khrebet, ca. 8 km SSW of Chibit, ca. 2290 m, 50°14”43’ N, 87°27”43’ E, 10 Aug 2003, M. Suková, cult. as JŠ 7853 ( PRA, no. det. 37790). – Ibidem, cult. as JŠ 7852 ( PRA, no. det. 37788) .
| J |
University of the Witwatersrand |
| PRA |
Institute of Botany, Academy of Sciences |
| N |
Nanjing University |
| E |
Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh |
| M |
Botanische Staatssammlung München |
No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.