Cladiella sphaerophora ( Ehrenberg, 1834 )
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publication ID |
https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5674.1.1 |
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publication LSID |
lsid:zoobank.org:pub:FF8F0124-E9C0-45E0-9989-C0B74BF11036 |
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persistent identifier |
https://treatment.plazi.org/id/039787D2-FC67-FF90-EDA9-FDC88D8BE28F |
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treatment provided by |
Plazi |
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scientific name |
Cladiella sphaerophora ( Ehrenberg, 1834 ) |
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Cladiella sphaerophora ( Ehrenberg, 1834) View in CoL
( Figs. 41D View FIGURE 41 , 48 View FIGURE 48 & 49 View FIGURE 49 )
Lobularia sphaerophora ; Ehrenberg, 1834: 57, Fig. 1 View FIGURE 1 .
Alcyonium sphaerophora View in CoL ; Dana 1846: 616; Milne-Edwards 1857: 119; Dana 1859: 123.
Cladiella sphaerophora View in CoL ; Gray 1869: 125.
Lobularia sphaerophora ; Targioni-Tozzetti 1872: 455.
Alcyonium sphaerophorum Klunzinger 1877: 22–23 View in CoL , plate (no Figs.).
? Alcyonium sphaerophorum View in CoL ; May 1899: 105–106; Cohn 1908: 231 ( Madagascar) .
? Alcyonium sphaerophorum var. sansibaricum Cohn, 1908: 233 View in CoL ( Zanzibar).
? Alcyonium sphaerophorum View in CoL ; Thomson & Mackinnon 1910: 174 (Indian Ocean); Lüttschwager 1914: 23–24 (Western Australia, Tahiti, Red Sea).
? Alcyonium sphaerophorum View in CoL ; Lüttschwager 1922: 531.
? Alcyonium sphaerophorum var. sansibaricum View in CoL ; Lüttschwager 1922: 531.
? Alcyonium sphaerophorum var. australiensis Thorpe, 1928: 495 , pl. 31, Fig. 1 View FIGURE 1 ; pl. 34, Figs. 1 View FIGURE 1 , 2 View FIGURE 2 (Wooded Island, Australia).
? Alcyonium sphaerophorum var. littoralis Thorpe, 1928: 497–499 , pl. 31, Fig. 3 View FIGURE 3 ; pl. 34, Fig. 4 View FIGURE 4 (Wooded Island, Australia).
? Alcyonium sphaerophorum var. saxigena Thorpe, 1928: 496–467 , pl. 30, Fig. 4 View FIGURE 4 ; pl. 31, Fig. 2 View FIGURE 2 ; pl. 34, Fig. 3 View FIGURE 3 . (Pelsaert Group, Australia).
? Lobularia sphaerophora ; Thomson &. Dean 1931: 41 ( Indonesia).
? Lobularia sphaerophora ; Tixier-Durivault 1944b: 343–344; Tixier-Durivault 1948: 29–35, Figs. 15–19 View FIGURE 15 View FIGURE 16 View FIGURE 17 View FIGURE 18 View FIGURE 19 .
? Microspicularia sphaerophora View in CoL ; Utinomi 1956: 226–227, Fig. 2 View FIGURE 2 , l–u (Bonin, Ogasawara Islands, Japan).
? Cladiella sphaerophora View in CoL ; Utinomi, 1959: 308: Fig: 3 (Taiwan); 1976: 16–17, pl. 5, Fig. 5 View FIGURE 5 (Okinawa, Japan); Tixier-Durivault, 1966: 36–37, Fig. 16 View FIGURE 16 (Tongatapu, Tonga); Tixier-Durivault 1969: 136–137 (Gambier Island); Verseveldt, 1971: 9 (north-western Madagascar listed only); Tixier-Durivault, 1972: 58 ( Madagascar & Seychelles Island, listed only); Verseveldt 1974: 95 ( New Caledonia, listed only); Iha & Yoshino, 1997: 93 (Ryukyu Islands, Japan listed only); McFadden et al. 2011: 25 ( Israel, Eilat listed only); Benayahu et al. 2012: 1541 (Penghu Archipelago, Taiwan listed only); Imahara et al. 2017: 27 (Ryukyu Island, Japan listed only).
Material examined. Holotype. Red Sea. ZMB Cni 294, 1820, coll. F. W. Hemprich & C. G. Ehrenberg.
Description. The holotype is an encrusting colony, 29 mm long and 47 mm wide, featuring densely placed almost rounded lobes, some with apical notches ( Fig. 41D View FIGURE 41 ). The tips of the tentacles of most polyps appear on the lobe surface whereas the rest of the polyp body is retracted.
The sclerome of the polyps comprises mostly platelets and some rods, 0.04–0.06 mm long; their lateral outline is irregular, sometimes exhibiting median constrictions and/or few deep slits ( Fig. 48A View FIGURE 48 ). Their surface has a combined tuberculate and cristate-like texture. The poorly developed dumbbells of the surface layer of the lobes are 0.06–0.08 mm long, featuring rounded tubercles ( Fig. 48B View FIGURE 48 ). Their bare waist is 0.01–0.03 mm wide and 0.01–0.02 mm long. The dumbbells from the interior of the lobes are 0.08–0.10 mm long and ornamented with rounded and some pointed conical tubercles ( Fig. 48C View FIGURE 48 ). The sclerites of the surface layer of the base comprise poorly developed dumbbells, 0.05–0.09 mm long ( Fig. 49A View FIGURE 49 ), ornamented with various tubercles, ranging from rounded to blunt-ended conical and pointed conical ones. The dumbbells from the interior of the colony base are 0.07–0.09 mm long, featuring conical or blunt-ended conical tubercles ( Fig. 49B View FIGURE 49 ). Their bare waist is 0.02–0.03 mm wide and 0.01–0.02 mm long.
Color. The ethanol preserved holotype is cream.
Remarks. The original description ( Ehrenberg 1834) did not depict any of the colony sclerites and no information was provided on their shape or dimensions. The current examination of the type is the first complete description of both the type colony’s morphology and its sclerites. The closely set rounded lobes and especially the polyp platelets along with the dimensions of the dumbbells from the interior of both the lobes and the colony base are suggested to be diagnostic for this species.
It should be noted that Tixier-Durivault (1948) described a colony from the Suez Canal, Red Sea ( Fig. 15 View FIGURE 15 ) collected in 1934 by Gruvel-Moazzo ; that specimen should not be confused with the type of the species described here for the first time. The records of the species listed above should be re-examined to verify their taxonomic assignment .
Distribution. Red Sea.
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Museum für Naturkunde Berlin (Zoological Collections) |
No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.
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Cladiella sphaerophora ( Ehrenberg, 1834 )
| Lazar, Einav, Mcfadden, Catherine S., Huchon, Dorothée & Benayahu, Yehuda 2025 |
Cladiella sphaerophora
| Imahara, Y. & Yamamoto, H. & Takaoka, H. & Nonaka, M. 2017: 27 |
| Benayahu, Y. & van Ofwegen, L. P. & Dai, C. F. & Jeng, M. S. & Soong, K. & Shlagman, A. & Hsieh, H. J. & McFadden, C. S. 2012: 1541 |
| McFadden, C. S. & Benayahu, Y. & Pante, E. & Thoma, J. N. & Nevarez, P. A. & France, S. C. 2011: 25 |
| Iha, C. & Yoshino, T. 1997: 93 |
| Verseveldt, J. 1974: 95 |
| Tixier-Durivault, A. 1972: 58 |
| Verseveldt, J. 1971: 9 |
| Tixier-Durivault, A. 1969: 136 |
| Tixier-Durivault, A. 1966: 36 |
| Utinomi, H. 1959: 308 |
Microspicularia sphaerophora
| Utinomi, H. 1956: 226 |
Lobularia sphaerophora
| Tixier-Durivault, A. 1948: 29 |
| Tixier-Durivault, A. 1944: 343 |
Alcyonium sphaerophorum var. australiensis
| Thorpe, L. 1928: 495 |
Alcyonium sphaerophorum var. littoralis
| Thorpe, L. 1928: 499 |
Alcyonium sphaerophorum var. saxigena
| Thorpe, L. 1928: 467 |
Alcyonium sphaerophorum
| Luttschwager, H. 1922: 531 |
Alcyonium sphaerophorum var. sansibaricum
| Luttschwager, H. 1922: 531 |
Alcyonium sphaerophorum
| Luttschwager, H. 1914: 23 |
| Thomson, J. A. & Mackinnon, D. L. 1910: 174 |
Alcyonium sphaerophorum
| Cohn, M. 1908: 231 |
Alcyonium sphaerophorum var. sansibaricum
| Cohn, M. 1908: 233 |
Alcyonium sphaerophorum
| Klunzinger, C. B. 1877: 23 |
Lobularia sphaerophora
| Targioni-Tozzetti, A. 1872: 455 |
Cladiella sphaerophora
| Gray, J. E. 1869: 125 |
Alcyonium sphaerophora
| Dana, J. D. 1859: 123 |
| Milne-Edwards, H. & Haime, J. 1857: 119 |
| Dana, J. D. 1846: 616 |
Lobularia sphaerophora
| Ehrenberg, C. G. 1834: 57 |