Microphyllia bachmayeri Geyer, 1955 b Refers

Baron-Szabo, Rosemarie Christine, Tschanz, Karl & KÜrsteiner, Peter, 2022, Scleractinian corals from the Lower Cretaceous of the Alpstein area (Anthozoa; Vitznau Marl; lower Valanginian) and a preliminary comparison with contemporaneous coral assemblages, Swiss Journal of Palaeontology (3) 141 (1), pp. 1-61 : 41-44

Microphyllia bachmayeri Geyer, 1955 b Refers to material assigned to Microphyllia cf. bachmayeri

[meandroid]

Microphyllia undans Étallon, 1858

[meandroid]

Starostinia giseldonensis (Starostina & Originally described as Ironella Starostina & Krasnov, 1970 , which is a junior Krasnov, in Krasnov & Starostina, homonym of Ironella Cobb, 1920 (Nematoda). Starostinia Doweld, 2014 , is 1970). [astreoid, plocoid] used as the replacement taxon

[7.1] (refers to locality 7 in Fig. 6 ) Valanginian; Hungary (Mecsek Mountains); Császár & Turnšek (1996)

Taxon [corallite integration] Remarks Actinaraea tenuis Morycowa, 1971 Species also found in the Vitznau Marl (see text) [thamnasterioid] Adelocoenia sp. 1 [plocoid] Refers to material originally described as Paretallonia bendukidzeae Sikharulidze , but seems to be more closely related to Adelocoenia (see discussion in Baron-Szabo, 2021b)

Ahrdorffia ornata ( Morycowa, 1971) Originally assigned to Mesomorpha Pratz, 1882 –1883, which is a junior [thamnasterioid-submeandroid] homonym of Mesomorpha Hodgson, 1841 (a bird); Ahrdorffia Trauth is used as the replacement taxon

Baryhelia (Paronastraea) sp. 1 [plocoid to In having heterocoeniid thecal and septal microstructure, apophysal cerio-plocoid] developments, and the type of intracalicular-marginal budding characteristic of the heterocoeniids s.l. (including the “paronastraeids”), the material described as Confusaforma sp. closely corresponds to Baryhelia (Paronastraea)

Columnocoenia ksiazkiewiczi Morycowa, 1964 [plocoid] Cyathophora regularis de Fromentel, Refers to material described as Adelocoenia biedai ; genus Adelocoenia was 1884 [plocoid] recently revised (Lathuilière, et al., 2020) Dendraraea mammelonata ( Turnšek , in Refers to material described as Thamnaraea mammelonata ; genus Turnšek & Mihajlovic ˊ, 1981) Thamnaraea is considered to be a junior synonym of Dendraraea (also see [thamnasterioid] discussion in Lathuilière & Gill, 1998) Dimorphastrea explanata de Fromentel, In having latomeandrid corallites that are equal in size (around 6 mm) and in 1857 [thamnasterioid-circumoral] circumoral arrangement, the material described as Dimorphastraeopsis patellaris closely corresponds to Dimorphastrea explanata (transferred herein)

Diplocoenia lobata ( Étallon, 1859) Refers to material described as Diplocoenia decaseptata Kuzmicheva, 1966 . [cerioid] Based on the description and illustration by Kuzmicheva (1967, p. 53–54, Pl. 2, Fig. 7 ), the species D. decaseptata more closely corresponds to

Columnocoeni a (see below). The Hungarian material, however, shows features characteristic of Diplocoenia , corresponding to the syntype MNHN .F.M03057

of D. lobata

Ellipsocoenia haimei (de Fromentel, Refers to material described as Thamnasteria meandra but seems to be a rather 1857) [plocoid to cerio-plocoid] plocoid form (not thamnasterioid) with pennular developments, thus closely corresponding to Ellipsocoenia ; dimensions of skeletal elements are in the range of the species haimei (see Baron-Szabo, 2021b)

Enallhelia sp. 1 [dendroid-sympodial] Refers to material described as Enallhelia sp. Epistreptophyllum sp. [none; solitary; conical] Eugyra pusilla Koby, 1896 [meandroid] Heliocoenia rarauensis Morycowa, 1971 [plocoid]

Table 6 (continued) [8.2] (refers to locality 8 in Fig. 6 )

Valanginian; Bulgaria ( Lyubasha Mountain ; Slivnitsa Formation); Roniewicz (2008)

Taxon [corallite integration] Remarks Bilaterocoenia sp. [plocoid] Calamophylliopsis compacta ( Koby, 1884) [branching] Calamophylliopsis cf. stockesi (M E & Haime, 1851) [branching] Cladophyllia clemencia de Fromentel, 1857 [branching] Cladophyllia cf. dichotoma ( Goldfuss, 1826) Refers to material described as Cladophyllia skuviensis ; because it [phaceloid] has a larger number of septa and smaller corallite diameters (some corallites shown on Fig. 6A of Roniewicz, 2008, seem to be smaller than 2 mm), it seems to be more closely related to C. dichotoma Columnaphyllia sp. [branching] Comoseris jireceki Toula, 1889 [thamnasterioid to Refers to material described as Comoseris cf. bargyensis meandroid] Cyathophora bangoinensis Liao & Xia, 1985 Refers to material described as Pseudocoenia aff. baltovensis but [plocoid] shows characteristics typical of Cyathophora (sensu Zaman &

Lathuilière, 2014) and dimensions of skeletal elements corresponding to C. bangoinensis Cyathophora hexalobata Kuzmicheva, 1972 Refers to material described as Cyathophora sp. 2 and Cyathophora [plocoid] sp. 3, having dimensions of skeletal elements falling into the range of C. hexalobata (see Kuzmicheva, 2002, p. 163–164, Pl. 23, Fig. 1 ;

corallite diameter: 5.5–8.5 mm; s: 6+6+S3; diss/mm: 10–14/10) Cyathophora claudiensis Étallon, 1859 [plocoid] Refers to material described as Cyathophora sp. 1 (see text) Dendraraea sp. [thamnasterioid] Refers to material described as “ Thamnarea " sp.; according to

Lathuilière & Gill (1998), Thamnarea represents a junior synonym of Dendraraea Dermoseris delgadoi Koby, 1905 [branching] Dermoseris sp. [branching] Refers to material described as Dermoseris sp. 2 Dimorphastrea excavata d’Orbigny, 1850b Refers to material described as Dimorphastrea cf. dubia (see [thamnasterioid-circumoral] Roniewicz, 2008, Fig. 14D) but shows dimensions of skeletal elements which differ from the ones given ( Roniewicz, 2008, p. 126)

(corallite diameter and number of septa are often smaller than covered by the range given; therefore, transferred to D. excavata ; see

Baron-Szabo, 2018) Dimorphastrea cf. heteromorpha ( Quenstedt, 1857) [thamnasterioid-circumoral] Dimorphocoenia ? sp. [thamnasterioid- circumoral to submeandroid] Enallhelia sp. 2 [dendroid-sympodial] Refers to material described as Enallhelia sp. Epistreptum cf. communeformae Ron., 2008 [none; solitary; conical] Haplaraea aff. elegans Milaschewitsch, 1876 [none; solitary; conical] Heliocoenia sp. 2 [plocoid] Latiphyllia cf. suevica ( Quenstedt, 1857) [phaceloid] Latomeandra juettneri Eliášová, 1990 [phaceloid-subdendroid] Latomeandra obliqua Roniewicz, 2008 [phaceloid-subdendroid] Latomeandra ramosa ( Koby, 1884) [phaceloid-subdendroid] Latomeandra sp. [phaceloid-subdendroid] Refers to material described as Latomeandra sp. 1 Lyubasha gracilis Roniewicz, 2008 [astreoid] Microphyllia densecostata Sikharulidze, 1979 [meandroid] Table 6 (continued) [8.3] (refers to locality 8 in Fig. 6 )

Valanginian; Bulgaria ( Lyubasha Mountain ; Slivnitsa Formation); Roniewicz (2008)

Taxon [corallite integration] Remarks Microphyllia elevata Roniewicz, 2008 [meandroid] Microsolena agariciformis Étallon, 1859 [thamnasterioid] Microsolena aff. exigua Koby, 1887 [thamnasterioid] Microsolena tuberosa ( Michelin, 1843) [thamnasterioid] Misistella cf. carpathica Eliášová, 1976 [dendroid-phaceloid] Mitrodendron sp. 1 [dendroid] Mitrodendron sp. 2 [dendroid] Montlivaltia sp. 2 [none; solitary; conical] Refers to material described as Montlivaltia sp. Ogilvinella elegans ( Eliášová, 1973) [plocoid] Ovalastrea sp. [plocoid] Periseris lorioli (de From) [thamnasterioid-meandroid)] Refers to material described as Periseris sp. A Placophyllia cf. blastemon Eliášová, 1976 [phaceloid] Pleurophyllia tobleri ( Koby, 1896) [phaceloid- Refers to material assigned to Pleurophyllia aff. cara ; recently subfasciculate] transferred to P. tobleri (see Baron-Szabo, 2018; and text) Pleurostylina corallina de Fromentel, 1861 [cerioid] Refers to material described as Latusastrea sp. but is a rather cerioid colony having 1) inner corallites embedded in a dissepimentarium; 2) showing intracalicular budding; 3)

having corallite diameters of around 5 mm; and 4) around 30

septa, thus closely corresponding to Pleurostylina corallina Preverastraea cretacea ( Roniewicz, 2008) [cerioid (- Refers to the type material (holotype NMNHS F-30251) subastreoid)] assigned to Oedalmiopsis cretacea but, in contrast to the original description, is most likely a rhipidogyrid form that has a rather cerioid (-subastreoid) (not thamnasterioid) corallum corresponding to the genus Preversastraea Protoseris sp. [thamnasterioid, mono- to multiserial] Pruvostastraea crassisepta ( Sikharulidze, 1979) [meandroid] Psammogyra hykeli ( Eliášová, 1973) [meandroid] In having long meandroid series, both the type specimen from the Tithonian of the Czech Republic and the material described as Placogyra hykeli more closely correspond to the genus Psammogyra Rhipidogyra minima Koby, 1880 [flabelliform] Refers to material described as Rhipidogyra cf. minima Rhipidogyra sp. [flabelliform] Siderastreites lyalintsensis Ron., 2008 [cerioid (- submeandroid)] Solenocoenia sexradiata (Goldfuss, 1829) [plocoid]? Somalica sp. [cerioid-subthamnasterioid] Refers to material (NMNHS F-30252) assigned to

Oedalmiopsis cretacea but, in slight contrast to the original description, is a rhipidogyrid form with cerioid to subthamnasterioid corallites which seems to have pruvostastraeid wall structures, thus corresponding to the genus Somalica Stylosmilia corallina Koby, 1881 [phaceloid-dendroid] Stylosmilia octonaria Roniewicz, 1976 [phaceloid-dendroid] Stylosmilia sp. [phaceloid] Synastrea bellula d’Orbigny, 1850a [thamnasterioid (- In having septa ranging between 40–50 (in areas of intense submeandroid)] budding around 28 [see Roniewicz, 2008, Fig. 12L]) and a distance of corallite centers of 4–7 mm, the material described as Synastrea microsolenoides very closely corresponds to the lectotype MNHN.F.R08338 of Synastrea bellula Thecosmilia dichotoma Koby, 1884 [dendroid-phaceloid] Refers to material described as Thecosmilia pinguis ; recently transferred to Th. dichotoma (Baron-Szabo, 2018)

Figures

Fig. 6 Simplified Lower Cretaceous paleogeographic map showing the occurrences of species during the Valanginian:X =Wart (Vitznau Marl) corals (current paper); 1= Mexico (Sandy,1990; Wells, 1946); 2= Spain [II] (Löser, et al., 2021); 3 =Spain [I] (Löser, et al., 2019); 4 =France (Masse, et al., 2009); 5 =Switzerland (non-Vitznau Marl) (de Fromentel, in Loriol, 1868; Haefeli, et al., 1965; Jaccard, 1893; Koby, 1896, 1897, 1898); 6= Slovenia (Turnšek,1997; Turnšek & Buser,1974); 7 =Hungary (Császár & Turnšek,1996); 8 =Bulgaria (Roniewicz, 2008); 9 = Poland (Lefeld, 1968); 10 =Turkey (Kaya, et al., 1987); 11 =Ukraine (Kuzmicheva, 1967, 1985, 2002); 12 =Tanzania (Dietrich,1926; Löser, 2008). Note that the coordinates (and paleocoordinates) of the Valanginian localities are: 1 =25º 30‘ N, 103º 30‘W (23º 6 ‘N, 56º 30‘ W); 2 =38º N, 3º W (29º N, 2º E); 3 =38º N, 1º W (29º N, 7º E); 4 =43° 12’ N, 5° 24’E (34° 12’ N, 14° 30 E); 5 =47º N, 7º E (28º N, 16º E); 6 =46° N, 13° 42’ E (31° 6’N, 21° 6’ E); 7 =46° 12’ N, 18° 18’ E (28° 24’ N, 24° 42’ E); 8 =42° 48’ N, 22° 48’ E (24° 0’N, 25° 24’E); 9 =50° 0’ N, 19° 48’ E (31° 0’N, 28° 18’E); 10 =40° 48’N, 29° 24’E (36° 36’N, 36° 54’E); 11 =44° 48’ N, 34° 30 E (0° 30’ S, 49° 30 E); 12 = 9° 42’S,39° 18’E (31° 48’S, 18° 48 E); X= 47° 14′ 36″ N, 9° 21′ 55″ E (38° 11’ N, 18° 10’ E). Paleomap modified from Paleomap project Scotese [2014] at www.scotese.com; and Tennant, et al., 2017). Paleocoordinates of the coral localities of Spain [I, II] and Vitznau Marl at Wart estimated based on information provided by Paleobiology Database (paleobiodb.org); all others retrieved from Paleobiology Database (paleobiodb.org)

Fig. 7 (See legend on previous page.)

Fig. 1 A Map showing the general location of the study area; B map marking the locality in northeastern Switzerland, from which the material of the Vitznau Marl was collected.Triangle symbol = Säntis. Note that the coordinates of the collecting site are 47° 14′ 36″ N, 9° 21′ 55″ E