Nebularia, SWAINSON, 1840

Fedosov, Alexander, Puillandre, Nicolas, Herrmann, Manfred, Kantor, Yuri, Oliverio, Marco, Dgebuadze, Polina, Modica, Maria Vittoria & Bouchet, Philippe, 2018, The collapse of Mitra: molecular systematics and morphology of the Mitridae (Gastropoda: Neogastropoda), Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 183, pp. 253-337 : 314-315

publication ID

5A42EEF-F67A-44B6-8E02-5D18206EF104

publication LSID

lsid:zoobank.org:pub:5A42EEF-F67A-44B6-8E02-5D18206EF104

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https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03908790-FFB8-FFD5-B20A-702FD025B614

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Plazi

scientific name

Nebularia
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GENUS NEBULARIA SWAINSON, 1840 View in CoL

( FIGS 32D–F, 33)

Type species: Mitra contracta Swainson, 1820 ; SD, Herrmannsen (1847: 110).

Synonyms: Dibaphus Philippi, 1847 . Type species: Mitra edentula Swainson, 1823 ; M. Mutyca H. Adams & A. Adams, 1853 . Type species: Mitra ancillides Broderip, 1836 ; SD, Wenz (1943: 1296). Mitroidea Pease, 1865 . Type species: Mitroidea multiplicata

Pease, 1865; M.? Mauritia H. Adams, 1869 . Type species: Mauritia barclayi H. Adams, 1869 ; M.

Diagnosis: Shell small to large (15–150 mm), fusiform to elongate-fusiform. Protoconch pointed, narrowly conical, of three or more slightly convex, smooth and glossy whorls. Teleoconch whorls usually flattened in outline, with orthoconoid or acuminate spire. Sculpture variable, from indistinct to strong and deep groves separating flattened or rounded, sometimes undulating, cords. Siphonal canal robust, short to moderately long, sometimes with distinct fasciole, giving siphonal canal a recurved appearance. Aperture elongate, its outer lip often thickened in its adapical portion. Margin of outer lip smooth or bearing fine denticles throughout its length. Inner lip with four to five delicate folds of subequal strength. Shell pale, usually with a pattern of brown bands and blotches. Radula triserial, with narrow rachidian and laterals of varying width. Rachidian with five cusps of which a central unpaired cusp greatly exceeds the others in strength ( Fig. 32D– F). Laterals bearing six to 12 cusps, second to fourth from rachidian cusp being strongest, and succeeding ones gradually diminishing.

Distribution: Indo-Pacific, intertidal and upper subtidal depths, rocky shores and reef crevices.

Species included: Nebularia acuminata (Swainson, 1824) 1 comb. nov., N. aegra (Reeve, 1845) 3 comb. nov., N. ancillides (Broderip, 1836) 3 comb. nov., N. baerorum (Poppe & Tagaro, 2010) 3, N. bellula (A. Adams, 1853) 3 comb. nov., N. chrysostoma (Broderip, 1836) 3, N. coarctata (Reeve, 1844) 3, N. contracta (Swainson, 1820) 1, N. deynzeri (Cernohorsky, 1980) 3 comb. nov., N. dondani (Cernohorsky, 1985) 3 comb. nov., N. edentula (Swainson, 1823) 3 comb. nov., N. eremitarum (Röding, 1798) 1 comb. nov., N. fastigium (Reeve, 1845) 3 comb. nov., N. ferruginea (Lamarck, 1811) 2, N. gourgueti (Poppe, Salisbury & Tagaro, 2015) comb. nov., N. guidopoppei (Thach, 2016) 3 comb. nov., N. incompta (Lightfoot, 1786) 1 comb. nov., N. inquinata (Reeve, 1844) 3, N. kamehameha (Pilsbry, 1921) 3 comb. nov., N. multiplicata (Pease, 1865) 3 comb. nov., N. nebulosa (Broderip, 1836) 3 comb. nov., N. nivea (Broderip, 1836) 3 comb. nov., N. pellisserpentis (Reeve, 1844) 3 comb. nov., N. petrosa (G. B. Sowerby II, 1874) 3 comb. nov., N. pyramis (Wood, 1828) 3, N. semperi ( Poppe, Tagaro & Salisbury, 2009) 3 comb. nov., N. thachi ( Turner, 2007) 3, N. ustulata (Reeve, 1844) 3 comb. nov.

Remarks: Our phylogenetic analysis has led to a considerable rearrangement of the genus Nebularia . The ‘lesser’ Nebularia species ( N. fraga and N. tornata groups) appeared unrelated to the true Nebularia typified by N. contracta . On the other hand, some large Mitra species ( M. incompta , M. eremitarum ) showed a close affinity to N. contracta , and so did ‘ Strigatella ’ acuminata . The genus Nebularia , as circumscribed herein, is supported by several distinctive morphological shell (colour pattern, a thickened outer aperture lip and an often recurved tip of the siphonal canal) and radula characters (a very strong unpaired central cusp on the rachidian). The same features characterize a number of species classically included in Mitra ( M. ancillides , M. coarctata , M. edentula , M. ferruginea , M. nebulosa , M. nivea , M. ustulata ), which we thus classify in Nebularia . As a consequence, we also consider the nominal genera Dibaphus , Mitroidea and Mutyca to be synonyms of Nebularia . Both shell proportions and development of sculpture vary considerably among the species of Nebularia , the two extremes being N. incompta ( Fig. 33D) and N. ancillides ( Fig. 33G). An even more cylindrical shell characterizes Mauritia barclayi , which we tentatively place in Nebularia as well.

Kingdom

Animalia

Phylum

Mollusca

Class

Gastropoda

Order

Neogastropoda

Family

Mitridae

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