Carminda umuarama, Ebert & Dias, 1997
|
publication ID |
https://doi.org/10.1590/1806-9665-RBENT-2025-0024 |
|
persistent identifier |
https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038CE065-9661-FFCF-B978-F8B7AC4DF99C |
|
treatment provided by |
Felipe |
|
scientific name |
Carminda umuarama |
| status |
|
Carminda umuarama (based on material from Campos do Jordão):
Egg ( Fig. 4A, B View Figure 4 , 5A, B View Figure 5 ): Light yellow and ellipsoid, with a reticle of thin ridges forming a pattern of irregular pentagonal, hexagonal and heptagonal cells hard to see at light microscope, but observable at SEM ( Fig. 5A, B View Figure 5 ). Diameter: 0.75 – 0.85 mm (n = 7), height: 0.69 – 0.84 mm (n = 7). Duration: 8 – 10 days (n = 7); based on material from a different female, eggs may take up to 20 days to hatch.
First instar ( Fig.4C, D View Figure 4 , 5 View Figure 5 C-H, 6): Head capsule width: 0.59 – 0.63 mm (n = 2). Head black with a pair of short scoli on vertex, each with two narrow setae. Third stemma larger than other stemmata. Body light green, with reddish longitudinal stripes; caudal filaments very short. Legs and prolegs light green. Setae black, all dorsal and subdorsal setae clubbed at tip. Maximum length of 5 mm (n = 5). Duration 5 – 10 days (n = 5). Head and body chaetotaxy are presented in Fig. 6 View Figure 6 .
Second instar ( Fig. 4E, F View Figure 4 ): Head capsule width: 0.8 mm (n = 2); head scoli: 0.15 mm (n = 1). Head dark brown with small white bumps, with two short pointed white scoli on vertex. Body light beige, with reddish longitudinal zigzag stripes and a reddish dorsal longitudinal stripe; caudal filaments short. Legs and prolegs light beige. Maximum length of 7 mm (n = 4). Duration – 8 - 10 days (n = 4).
Third instar ( Fig. 4G, H View Figure 4 ): Head capsule width: 1.1 – 1.14 mm (n = 2); head scoli: 0.21 – 0.27 mm (n = 2). Very similar to the second instar. Maximum length of 11 mm (n = 4). Duration – 8 - 10 days (n = 4).
Fourth instar ( Fig. 4I, J View Figure 4 ): Head capsule width: 1.37 mm (n = 1); head scoli: 0.33 – 0.34 mm (n = 2). Head light brown, with two short, pointed beige scoli on vertex. Body light brown, with brownish zigzag longitudinal patterns and a marked dorsal longitudinal dark brown stripe; caudal filaments short. Legs and prolegs light brown. Maximum length of 15 mm (n = 4). Duration 12 – 14 days (n = 4).
Fifth instar ( Fig.4K, L View Figure 4 ): Head capsule width: 1.84 mm (n = 1); head scoli: 0.32 – 0.44 mm (n = 2). Head dark brown, with two short, pointed light brown scoli on vertex. Body light brown, with brownish zigzag longitudinal patterns and a marked dorsal longitudinal dark brown stripe; caudal filaments short. Legs and prolegs light brown. Maximum length of 20 mm (n = 2). Duration 14 – 24 days (n = 2). A possibly extranumerary sixth instar, very similar to the fifth instar in shape and size, was present in some larvae. All larvae died before pupation.
Behavior and natural history. Oviposition behavior was not observed in nature, and the host plant in the field is unknown. In the laboratory, larvae refused several species of grasses but easily accepted Bambusa gracilis ( Poaceae ).Larvae are isolated and move slowly.Adults ( Fig. 4M View Figure 4 ) are present in well-preserved high montane forests near patches of Chusquea sp. Adults of both sexes were usually observed flying among the bamboo leaves from ground level to 7 m above ground. No courtship behavior was observed. Carminda umuarama presents a restricted geographic distribution in high montane forests in the Brazilian states of São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro, Minas Gerais and Espírito Santo, always above 1300 m.a.s.l. ( Ebert and Dias 1997). The species has a restricted flight period, being reported only in summer months, from November to March.
No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.