Oxandra leucodermis (Spruce ex Benth.) Warm.
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publication ID |
https://doi.org/10.3767/000651916X694283 |
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persistent identifier |
https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038A142D-642C-B24F-2503-FB3BB792FA91 |
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treatment provided by |
Felipe |
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scientific name |
Oxandra leucodermis (Spruce ex Benth.) Warm. |
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10. Oxandra leucodermis (Spruce ex Benth.) Warm. View in CoL — Fig. 4h View Fig , 10; Map 6
Oxandra leucodermis (Spruce ex Benth.) Warm. (1873) 147. — Bocagea leucodermis Spruce ex Benth. (1860) 71. — Type: Spruce 3352 (holo K; iso B, BM,C, G, K, MPU, P, W), Venezuela, Amazonas, Río Pacimoni,side river of Río Casiquiare , Feb. 1854.
Tree or shrub 6–20 m tall, 10–20 cm diam; young twigs whitish, glabrous. Leaves: petiole 2–5 mm long, 1–2 mm diam; lamina ovate to narrowly obovate, 8–20 by 2–9 cm (leaf index
Map 6 Distribution of Oxandra leucodermis (●) and O. longipetala (●).
2.5–3.5), coriaceous, not verruculose, smooth, dull and brown to greyish green above, brown below, glabrous above and below, base acute to obtuse, often oblique and somewhat cordate, apex acuminate (acumen 5–25 mm long), primary vein raised above, secondary veins distinct, 8–14 on either side of primary vein, flat or raised above, angle of secondary veins with primary vein 45–80°, smallest distance between loops and margin 2–3 mm, tertiary veins indistinct, flat or slightly raised above, reticulate. Flowers in 1–2(–6)-flowered inflorescences on a cushion-like base, in the axils of mostly fallen leaves; pedicels 2–10 mm long, c. 0.5 mm diam, fruiting pedicels to c. 15 mm long, 0.5–1 mm diam, sparsely covered with appressed hairs to glabrous; bracts 5–6, depressed ovate, 1–2 mm long, outer side sparsely covered with appressed hairs to glabrous; flower buds subglobose, ellipsoid when mature; sepals shallowly to broadly ovate-triangular, 1–2 by 1–2 mm, outer side glabrous; petals white in vivo, ovate to elliptic, 4–6 by 3–4 mm, outer side glabrous; stamens c. 18, 1.5–2 mm long, apex of connective narrowly triangular to narrowly oblong; carpels ≤ 6. Monocarps 1– 6, green, maturing dark red to black in vivo, brown to black in sicco, ellipsoid, 9–12 by 6–9 mm, glabrous, apex rounded, wall 0.2–0.3 mm thick, stipes 0.5–1 by 1–2 mm. Seed ellipsoid, 9–12 by 6–8 mm, pale brown, surface transversely striate, ruminations spiniform.
Distribution — Colombia (Amazonas), Venezuela (Amazonas), Peru (Loreto, Madre de Dios), Brazil (Amazonas).
Habitat & Ecology — Mostly in periodically inundated (igapó, rebalse) forest, on white sand. At elevations of 0– 300 m. Flowering: January; fruiting: January to May.
Vernacular names — Colombia: Eé-ña-moo-re (Yukuna name, Schultes & Cabrera 16448). Peru: Espintana (Rimachi Y. 4356, 8818), Tortuga caspi (Armistead 1253, 1259), Tortuga caspi amarillo (Armistead 1208), Vara (Arévalo et al. 59, Vásquez et al. 7341). Venezuela: Palo paye (Liesner 6983).
Uses — Con el tronco se elaboran vigas para construir viviendas y los frutos son utilizados como carnada para pescar ( Colombia: Sánchez Sáenz 1997).
Note — Oxandra leucodermis can be recognized by almost glabrous, relatively long and particularly slender pedicels up to c. 15 mm long, an often whitish bark, coriaceous and glabrous leaves with a raised primary vein. Moreover, the stipes of the monocarps are very short and slender (0.5–1 by 1–2 mm).
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