Oxandra polyantha R.E.Fr.

Junikka, L., Maas, P. J. M., Maas-van de Kamer, H. & Westra, L. Y. Th., 2016, Revision of Oxandra (Annonaceae), Blumea 61 (3), pp. 215-266 : 245-248

publication ID

https://doi.org/10.3767/000651916X694283

persistent identifier

https://treatment.plazi.org/id/038A142D-6426-B27A-264D-FCDBB3B2FD16

treatment provided by

Felipe

scientific name

Oxandra polyantha R.E.Fr.
status

 

17. Oxandra polyantha R.E.Fr. View in CoL — Fig. 13g, h, 18; Map 8

Oxandra polyantha R.E.Fr. (1937) 269. — Type: Krukoff 5628 (holo S; iso G, K, MICH, U), Brazil, Acre, near mouth of Rio Macauhan, tributary of Rio Yaco , 24 Aug. 1933.

Tree 10–30 m tall, 10–50 cm diam; young twigs sparsely covered with appressed hairs, soon glabrous. Leaves: petiole 2–5 mm long, 1–3 mm diam; lamina narrowly ovate to narrowly obovate, 9–22 by 3–8 cm (leaf index 2.6–3.3), coriaceous, not verruculose, shiny and greyish green to brown above, greyish green to brown below, but primary vein reddish brown, glabrous above, sparsely covered with appressed hairs below, base acute to obtuse, often slightly oblique, apex acuminate (acumen 10–20 mm long), primary vein raised above, secondary veins distinct, 8–14 on either side of primary vein, raised above, angle of secondary veins with primary vein 45–65°, smallest distance between loops and margin 2 – 6 mm, tertiary veins raised above, reticulate. Flowers in up to 10-flowered inflorescences; pedicels 3–6 mm long, 0.5–1 mm diam, fruiting pedicels 7–10 mm long, 1.5–2 mm diam, sparsely covered with appressed hairs to glabrous; bracts 4–6, depressed ovate, 1–1.5 mm long, outer side densely to rather densely covered with appressed hairs; flower buds subglobose; sepals broadly to shallowly ovate-triangular, 1–3 by 1.5–3 mm, outer side rather densely to sparsely covered with appressed hairs; petals white, yellow to cream in vivo, elliptic, 6–8 by 3–4 mm, outer side rather densely covered with appressed hairs to glabrous; stamens c. 20, 2–3 mm long, apex of connective narrowly triangular; carpels ≤ 10. Monocarps 1–10, green, maturing yellowish to red in vivo, black in sicco, obovoid, ellipsoid, or globose, 11–23 by 6–16 mm, glabrous, apex rounded, wall 0.5–2 mm thick, stipes 1–2 by 1–2 mm. Seed ellipsoid to obovoid, 11–15 by 7–10 mm, brown, surface transversely striate, ruminations spiniform or peg-shaped.

Distribution — Colombia (Amazonas, El Valle del Cauca), Brazil (Acre, Amazonas, Pará, Rondônia), Ecuador (Napo), Peru (Cusco, Huánuco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Martín).

Habitat & Ecology — In non-inundated or periodically inundated (igapó or várzea) forest, on white sands, brown latosols or clayey soil. At elevations of 0– 700 m. Flowering: August to November; fruiting: all year through.

Vernacular names — Brazil: Envira-de-tambaquí ( Daly et al. 9392), Envira-branco-do-igapó (Sothers & Saraiva 23), Envira-ferro ( Daly et al. 8241, 10982, Silveira et al. 985), Envira-preta ( Daly et al. 10271, Oliveira et al. 766), Gogó-de-guariba ( Silveira

Fig. 17 Oxandra panamensis R.E.Fr. Flowering twig (Feddema 2099, US). Fig. 18 Oxandra polyantha R.E.Fr. Flowering twig ( Nelson et al. 515, U).

1039). Colombia: Cajao dujecu (Muinane name), Carguero de sabana, Dogui-có (Miraña name). Peru: Espintana (Rimachi Y. 3045), Misa ( Bell & Phillips 88- 189), Paujil micuna (McDaniel 16244), Sacha aceituna (Schunke V. 4739), Tortuga (Ellenberg 2953).

Uses — Used in construction ( Bell & Phillips 88-189, Peru); con el tronco se elaboran vigas para construir viviendas y los frutos son utilizados como carnada para pescar ( Colombia: Sánchez Sáenz 1997); fruto comestível ( Silveira et al. 1039, Brazil).

Notes — Oxandra polyantha is one of the two South American species in the genus with many-flowered inflorescences, the other one being O. riedeliana .

It differs markedly from O. riedeliana by much thicker (coriaceous instead of chartaceous) leaves, which have a reddish brown primary vein at the lower side. Furthermore, the leaves and young twigs of this species are sparsely covered with appressed hairs, whereas these of O. riedeliana are completely glabrous. In O. polyantha the leaf base is often obtuse, but in O. riedeliana acute to attenuate.

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