Oxandra martiana (Schltdl.) R.E.Fr.

Junikka, L., Maas, P. J. M., Maas-van de Kamer, H. & Westra, L. Y. Th., 2016, Revision of Oxandra (Annonaceae), Blumea 61 (3), pp. 215-266 : 239-243

13. Oxandra martiana (Schltdl.) R.E.Fr. — Fig. 14; Map 2

Oxandra martiana (Schltdl.) R.E.Fr. (1931) 165,f. 4d,e. — Guatteria martiana Schltdl. (1834) 326. — Type: Sellow B1970 , C 1483 (holo B; iso K 2 sheets, P, S), Brazil, Minas Gerais, ‘ Guidowald’ , Feb. 1819.

Oxandra reinhardtiana Warm. (1873) 147. — Type: Warming s.n. (lecto C; syn C, P, W), Brazil, Minas Gerais, Lagoa Santa. Of the four syntypes in C the Warming specimen numbered 26/94 no. 21 (the loan number) and with a label ‘Nov. Decbr.’ is herewith selected as the lectotype.

Tree or shrub 6–30 m tall, 8–50 cm diam; young twigs sparsely covered with appressed hairs, glabrous. Leaves: petiole 2–4 mm long, 1–2 mm diam; lamina narrowly ovate to narrowly obovate, 6–14 by 1.5–3 cm (leaf index 3–4.6), chartaceous, densely verruculose to not verruculose above and densely to sparsely verruculose below, dull to slightly shiny and greyish to brownish green above, brownish below, glabrous above, sparsely covered with appressed hairs mainly along the primary vein below, base acute, apex acuminate (acumen to c. 10 mm long), primary vein impressed to flat above, secondary veins distinct, 8–14 on either side of primary vein, raised above, angle of secondary veins with primary vein 65–80°, smallest distance between loops and margin 2–3 mm, tertiary veins slightly raised above, reticulate. Flowers solitary; pedicels 1–2 mm long, c. 0.5 mm diam, fruiting pedicels 2–6 mm long, 0.5–2 mm diam, glabrous; bracts (3–)6–12, depressed ovate, 0.5–1.5 mm long, outer side glabrous; flowers bisexual or rarely male (plant androdioecious); flower buds ellipsoid; sepals depressed ovate, c. 1.5 by 2 mm, outer side glabrous or sparsely covered with appressed hairs; petals white in vivo, ovate, elliptic, to linear, 7.5–8 by 3–4 mm, outer side glabrous; stamens 12–15, 2–3 mm long, apex of connective narrowly triangular; carpels ≤ 12.

Fig. 13 a. Oxandra macrophylla R.E.Fr. Detail of upper side of lamina, showing verruculae and hairy primary vein. — b. Oxandra maya Miranda. Detail of flower and (young) fruit. — c, d. Oxandra mediocris Diels. c. Detail of flowers; d. detail of fruiting twig. — e, f. Oxandra panamensis R.E.Fr. e. Detail of flower; f. detail of fruiting twig. — g, h. Oxandra polyantha R.E.Fr. g. Detail of inflorescence; h: detail of fruit (a: Killip & Smith 28752, iso US; b: Contreras 5379; isotype of O. guatemalensis Lundell, F ; c: Timaná 2327, U; d: Alexiades & Pesha 367, U; e: Feddema 2099, US; f: Feddema 1879, MICH; g: Nelson et al. 515, U; h: Chatrou et al. 150, U).

Fig. 14 Oxandra martiana (Schltdl.) R.E.Fr. Fruiting twig (Folli 3832, U).

Fig. 15 Oxandra maya Miranda. Flowering and fruiting twig ( Contreras 5379; isotype of O. guatemalensis Lundell, F ).

Monocarps 4–12, colour in vivo not recorded, black in sicco, ovoid to ellipsoid, 10–18 by 8–15 mm, glabrous, apex rounded, wall 0.5–2 mm thick, stipes 2–3(–7) by 1–2 mm. Seed ovoid to ellipsoid, 9–13 by 7–9 mm, brown, surface transversely striate, ruminations spiniform.

Distribution — Brazil (Espírito Santo, Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro).

Habitat & Ecology — In Atlantic forest. Elevations 0– 800 m. Flowering: October to December; fruiting: February, March.

Vernacular names — Brazil: Imbiú-preto (Kurtz et al. s.n.), Pindaíba (Lopes & Andrade 840), Pindaíba-de-poste (Folli 3753, 3832, 3833).

Note — Some notable features of O. martiana are rather narrow leaves, ellipsoid flower buds and rather large fruits. It comes close to O. espintana , from which it differs, however, by larger monocarps (10–18 mm vs 7–13 mm long) and a thicker fruit wall (0.5–2 mm vs 0.2–0.5 mm thick).