Indarbela quadrinotatus ( Walker, 1856 )

Yakovlev, Roman V., Hulsbosch, Ramon, Ahmad, Jalil & Singh, Navneet, 2025, Revision of the family Metarbelidae (Lepidoptera) of the Oriental Region. XIII. Genus Indarbela Fletcher, 1922, Zootaxa 5661 (4), pp. 553-560 : 554-558

publication ID	https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5661.4.5
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:72CB21D8-2E32-4CB4-8019-B4EF0515EBAB
DOI	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.16689781
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03895023-4342-FF98-E186-2B97FCD6A80B
treatment provided by	Plazi
scientific name	Indarbela quadrinotatus ( Walker, 1856 )
status

Treatment

Indarbela quadrinotatus ( Walker, 1856)

Figs 1–20 View FIGURES 1–11 View FIGURES 12–16 View FIGURES 17–20

Cossus View in CoL 4-notatus Walker, 1856: 1521.

Type locality: Ceylon.

Type material: holotype (male) in NHMUK .

= Cossus abruptus Walker, 1865: 584 . Type locality: Hindostan. Type material: holotype (male) in NHMUK. In the original description ( Walker 1865) states “presented by Sir J. Hearsay”.

However, this report does not help to accurately establish the type locality of C. abruptus , as the collector of the specimen, due to his extraordinary career, served in various portions of British India ( Pearse 1905).

= Cossus tesselatus Moore, 1879a: 85−86 , syn. rev. Type locality: Calcutta. Type material: syntypes in NHMUK and MfN.

= Arbela tetraonis Moore, 1879b: 411 , syn. nov. Type locality: Bombay. Type material: holotype (female) in NHMUK.

Material examined. Male (holotype of Cossus 4-notatus Walker, 1856), Ceylon ( NHMUK); male (holotype of Cossus abruptus Walker, 1865 ) E. Ind. ( NHMUK); 1 male, 4 females (syntypes of Cossus tesselatus Moore, 1879 ), Calcutta , May [18]61, May [18]63, Apr. [18]69 ( NHMUK, MfN); 1 female (holotype of Arbela tetraonis Moore, 1879 ), Bombay ( NHMUK); 1 female, Bangladesch, Tschittagong , iv–v.1987 ( MSW); 1 male, Ceylon ( NHMUK, number specimen 012832510, slide 010315541); 1 female, Ceylon, Dec. [18]93 ( NHMUK, number specimen 012832497, slide 010315528); 1 male, Colombo , i.[18]98, Mackwood coll. ( NHMUK, number specimen 012832498, slide 010315529); 1 male, Calcutta , 15.iv.1938, D.G. Sevastopulo ( NHMUK, number specimen 012832499, slide 010315530); 1 male, Nepal, Rapti Tal, Monakhari Khola, Belwa , 350 m, 8.v.1967, leg. Dierl, Forster & Schacht ( ZSM); 1 male, 1 female, S. Indien, Madurai , 18.vii.1985, leg. M. Eckrich ( ZSM); 1 male, Himachal Pradesh, Hamirpur , 07.vi.[20]08, leg. P.C. Pathania & A. Seni ( NZCZSI); 1 male, Maharashtra, Amravati , 18.ix.2022, leg. Jalil Ahmad ( NZCZSI); 1 male, Tamil Nadu, Krishnagiri, Oppathavadi , 10.xii.2021, leg. S. Chand & Party ( NZCZSI).

External and morphological variability. Size (see the Redescription of the Genus).

Colour: forewing background variable from light brown to chocolate brown (which in the collectible specimens may depend on the natural pattern fading), in some males line pattern on forewing very dense, almost merging. Similar variability in forewing background colour and density of spotted pattern on forewing in females. Minor variability in sacculus length, depth of incisura in uncus, width of valva, which we interpret as individual variability.

Distribution ( Fig. 21 View FIGURE 21 ): Bangladesh, India (Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, Bombay, Delhi, Himachal Pradesh, Karnataka, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Orissa, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh and West Bengal), Nepal, Sri Lanka ( Walker 1856, 1865; Moore 1879a, b, 1883; Gaede 1933; Sevastopulo 1962; Ali et al. 1996; Yakovlev & Zolotuhin 2020; Chandra et al. 2021; Ahmad et al. 2023; Anonymous 2025). Reported for Pakistan ( Arshad & Hafiz 1983; Gul & Chaudhry 1992).

Host plants. It is a known pest of woody vegetation in the region under the name “Bark-Borer”. It has been noted to feed on numerous species of trees: Moringa oleifera Lam. ( Moringaceae ), Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels, Psidium L., Corymbia citriodora (Hook.) K.D. Hill & L.A.S. Johnson , Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh. ( Myrtaceae ), Acacia lenticularis Buch.-Ham. ex Benth. , A. nilotica (L.) Delile, A. catechu (L.f.) Willd., Albizia odoratissima (L.f.) Benth., A. lebbeck (L.) Benth., A. procera (Roxb.) Benth. , Cassia fistula L., Falcataria falcata (L.) Greuter & R. Rankin, Sesbania cannabina (Retz.) Poir. ( Fabaceae ), Eriobotrya japonica (Thunb.) Lindl. , Prunus domestica L., P. armeniaca L. ( Rosaceae ), Gmelina arborea Roxb. , Tectona grandis L.f. ( Lamiaceae ), Ziziphus jujube Mill. , Z. mauritiana Lamk. ( Rhamnaceae ), Punica granatum L. ( Lythraceae ), Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam. , Morus nigra L., Ficus benghalensis L., F. carica L. ( Moraceae ), Mangifera L., Anacardium occidentale L. (Anancardiaceae), Citrus limon (L.) Osbeck, C. sinensis (L.) Osbeck, C. reticulata Blanco, 1837 , C. × paradise Macfad. , Chloroxylon swietenia DC. ( Rutaceae ), Litchi chinensis Sonn. ( Sapindaceae ), Phyllanthus emblica L. ( Phyllanthaceae ), Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze ( Theaceae ), Grewia asiatica L., Theobroma cacao L. ( Malvaceae ), Hevea brasiliensis Müll. Arg. ( Euphorbiaceae ), Manilkara zapota (L.) P. Royen, Mimusops elengi L. ( Sapotaceae ), Mitragyna parvifolia (Roxb.) Korth ( Rubiaceae ), Populus L. ( Salicaceae ), Terminalia arjuna (Roxb.) Wight & Arn. ( Combretaceae ) ( Gardner 1945; Sandhu et al. 1979, 1997; Lal & Singh 1982; Arshad & Hafiz 1983; Teli et al. 1983; Das et al. 1985; Verma 1985; Remadevi 1989; Kumawat & Swaminathan 1990; Mote & Tambe 1990; Baksha 1991; Shevale 1991; Gul & Chaudhry 1992; Kumar 1994; Ali et al. 1996; Mathew 2002; Rao & Prasad 2004; Sasidharan et al. 2010; Plantwise Plus 2022).