Mustha, AMYOT AND SERVILLE, 1843

Memon, Nasreen & Ahmad, Imtiaz, 2008, Description of Mustha izmirensis, New Species (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae: Halyini) From Bornova, Izmir, Turkey with Key to its World Species, Pakistan J. Zool. 40, No. 6, pp. 435-439 : 438-439

KEY TO THE NINE WORLD SPECIES OF MUSTHA AMYOT AND SERVILLE

1. Head slightly narrowed at posterior part, nearly parallel sided, broadly round at apex, lateral margins of head serrate or dentate, size of body moderate ..................... 2 - Head conspicuously narrow along whole length, more or less triangular with sides slightly round or sharply triangular with expressively straight margins, lateral margins of head entirely armed with distinct spines, size of body relatively large .......................................... 3

2. Head 1.06 times as long as broad across eyes; apex of paraclypei broad and sinuate, lateral margins of head armed anteriorly with 4 -5 distinct irregular spine and posterior margin with few scarcely visible tubercles; lateral margins of pronotum nearly straight with 11 unequal long acute spines; margins of connexiva with comb- like thin spines of almost equal length; body length 17.3 -18.7 mm .................... M. vicina Hoberlandt - Head 1.11 times as long as broad across eyes; paraclypei narrow at apex, lateral margins of head serrate irregularly along whole length; lateral margins of pronotum rather flattened, straight with regularly arranged short back wardly directed flat teeth; lateral margins of connexiva with similar teeth, five on each connexivum; length of body, 21mm ......... M. serrata (F)

3. Apices of paraclypeal lobes wider apart, leaving clypeus free, lateral margins of head armed with 8 distinct spines................................................................ 4 - Apices of paraclypeal lobes touching each other, entirely enclosing clypeus, lateral margins of head armed with eight -eleven spines.................................... 5

4. Body dark brown; pronotum with 16 regularly arranged spines; coriurn without dentine; male pygophore with lateral lobes a little produced with apex convex, ventero median cavity narrow and v-shaped; paramere Fshaped, stem relatively thick with well-developed thumb-like inner projection, blade acutely tapering towards apex with outer upper margin hump-like and a sub-round projection near apex, body length 22-25........ ......................................... M. spinosula (Lefebvre) - Body jet black with few yellow spots on hemelytra; pronotum with nineteen long spines, except few very short; corium with six short teeth of unequal size; male pygophore with lateral lobes narrowly produced with distinct demarcation and apex concave with apices acute, ventromedian cavity with distinct U- shaped excavation; clasper L- shaped, stem thin, almost as thin as blade, without thumb process, blade narrow, somewhat, rectangle with apex a little lobed; body length 19.9 mm .................................. M. izmirensis n.sp.

5. Head sub triangular, distinctly narrow at apex, lateral margins of head moderately round; antennae black; connexival segments narrow......................................... 6 - Head sharply triangular, strongly narrowed at apex, lateral margins of head straight; Connexival segments broad............................................................................. 8

6. Pronotum very broad, trapezoid 2.9 times as broad as long, lateral margins of pronotum straight, flattened and distinctly raised with fifteen long, acute, upwardly projecting spines of unequal length; pronotal disc in anterior third with very distinct sharply delimited transverse elevation; costal margin of hemelytra yellow; callous with three short stout yellowish teeth, connexiva black, with exterior margin along whole length yellow, moderately raised, armed with 5-6 teeth on each connexivum; length of body 18.5 mm ............................ ............................................. M. longispinis Reuter - Pronotum transverse, not more than 2.3 times as broad as long; pronotal disc without any distinct transverse elevation, lateral margins of pronotum less numerously armed with 12 irregularly arranged spines; costal margins of hemelytra and entire connexiva black or dark brown; teeth on connexiva not as above ............... 7

7. Head 1.4 times as long as broad across eyes; bucculae broad, conspicuously bisinuate, anteriorly projecting in short acute spine, posteriorly widened in broad rounded lobe, body length 28-35 mm ........... M.gigantea Horvath - Head 1.1 times as long as broad across eyes; bucculae narrow with straight margin, anteriorly projecting in small acute process, but posteriorly round; body length 22-24 ........................................ M. baranovi Kiritshenko

8. Lateral margin of head armed with 11 upwardly directed spines of medium size which diminish anteriorly; pronotum trapezoid, 2.4 times as broad as long across eyes, lateral margins of pronotum slightly elevated with 18-21 short teeth which diminish on distal half; coriurn smooth surfaced without short dense depressed whitish hair; body length 19-23 mm............... ........................................................ M. incana Stal - Lateral margins of head straight, armed with stout projecting spines along whole length; pronotum trapezoid, 2.2 times as broad as long, lateral margins of pronotum sinuate with 15-16 medially long acute spines, some very short; corium reddish brown with short dense depressed whitish hair, body length 20-24 mm .............................................. M. morgani Horvath .

Remarks

The genus consists of nine Paelearctic species including new species. This is the first record of Mushta from Turkey, although some species were recorded from Middle Eastern countries even from its neighboring countries such as Iran, Syria and Egypt etc. Within the genus Mustha this species can be placed with M. spinosula because both of these species have paraclypei wider apart, leaving clypeus free while all remaining species have entirely enclosed clypeus by paraclypei. This is the only species of Mustha that has very distinguished male genitalia like paramere, L-shaped. instead of Fshaped, stem short relatively narrow and without inner thumb like process ( Fig. 2D), that seems a diagnostic character of the genus and play an important role in the phylogenetic relationship of the genus within the tribe Halyini , pygophore which has dorso posterior margin with shallow, broad cavity and without dorso-median projection ( Fig. 2B) (which is also a diagnostic character of the genus), ventro posterior margin sinuate with shallow cup-shaped cavity and with distinct u-shaped excavation ( Fig. 2C), lateral lobes of pygophore distinctly, narrowly produced with clear demarcation and with apex concave and apices distinctly acute ( Figs. 2B, C). This particular combination of characters indicates that these states probably are synapomorphic and not only separate it from its closely allied species M. spinosula but gives it a very unique position in the genus from all existing species of Mustha . We are first fortunate authors who have illustrated and described female spermatheca ( Fig. 2G).