Guatteria carchiana Maas & Westra, 2015

Maas, P. J. M., Westra, L. Y. T., Guerrero, S. Arias, Lobão, A. Q., Scharf, U., Zamora, N. A. & Erkens, R. H. J., 2015, Confronting a morphological nightmare: revision of the Neotropical genus Guatteria (Annonaceae), Blumea 60 (1), pp. 1-219 : 51-54

30. Guatteria carchiana Maas & Westra , sp. nov. — Fig. 23 , 24a ; Map 9

Foliis coriaceis,pilis erectis subtus obtectis,apice acutis,summo obtuso,monocarpiis seminibusque apice punctatis bene distincta. — Typus: Vargas L. et al. 4242 (holo MO; iso QCNE, U), Ecuador, Carchi, Espejo, Reserva Golondrinas, path between Estación Santa Rosa and El Corazón, 1700–2050 m, 21 Jan. 2004 .

Tree 10–30 m tall, diam not recorded; young twigs densely covered with erect, brown hairs to c. 1 mm long, soon glabrous. Leaves: petiole 3–5 mm long, c. 2 mm diam; lamina elliptic to obovate or narrowly so, 15–18 by 6–8 cm (leaf index 2.1–2.8), coriaceous, not verruculose, dull, grey above, brown below, glabrous above, densely covered with erect, brown hairs to c. 1 mm long below, base acute to obtuse, margins slightly revolute, apex bluntly acute, primary vein impressed above, keeled below, secondary veins distinct, 12–15 on either side of primary vein, raised above, smallest distance between loops and margin 2–4 mm, tertiary veins raised above, reticulate. Flowers in 1–2-flowered inflorescences in axils of leaves; pedicels 15–20 mm long, 1–1.5 mm diam, fruiting pedicels to c. 25 mm long, 2–4 mm diam, densely to sparsely covered with erect, brown hairs, finally glabrous, articulated at 0.2–0.3 from the base, bracts 5–6, soon falling, not seen; flower buds depressed ovoid; sepals free, broadly ovate-triangular, 5–6 by 5– 6 mm, reflexed, outer side densely covered with erect, brown hairs; petals greenish yellow to dull orange in vivo, ovate to el- liptic, c. 15 by 8–10 mm, outer side densely covered with erect, brown hairs; stamens c. 2 mm long, connective shield papillate. Monocarps c. 75, dark red-purple to black in vivo, black in sicco, narrowly ellipsoid, 14–16 by 5–6 mm, sparsely covered with appressed hairs, soon glabrous, apex hard-pointed (apiculum c. 1 mm long), wall 0.2–0.3 mm thick, stipes 15–25 by 1 mm. Seed narrowly ellipsoid, c. 15 by 6 mm, brown, apex pointed, rugulose.

Distribution — Ecuador (Carchi).

Habitat & Ecology — In wet, montane forest.At elevations of 1450–2050 m. Flowering: January, May; fruiting: January, May.

Vernacular names — Ecuador: Cafesillo (Vargas L. et al. 4242).

Field observations — Flowers with cherimoya-like scent (Madison et al. 4442).

Uses — Ecuador: Wood used for form work (‘Madera para encofrados’).

Other specimens examined. ECUADOR, Carchi, near Maldonado, 1450–

1650 m, 24 May 1978, Madison et al. 4442 ( AAU, F, QCA, SEL, U) .

Note — Guatteria carchiana is well recognizable by coriaceous leaves with a dense indument of erect, brown hairs on the lower side, an acute leaf apex, hard-pointed monocarps, and pointed seeds. It is probably closest to the poorly known Colombian G. rufotomentosa , sharing most of its indument and leaf features, but from which it differs, however, by a shorter petiole (3–5 vs 5–15 mm long), an obtuse to acute instead of attenuate leaf base, and less secondary veins (12–15 vs 15–25).

Figures

Fig. 23 Guatteria carchiana Maas & Westra. Fruiting branch (Vargas L. et al. 4242, holotype MO).

Fig. 24 a. Guatteria carchiana Maas & Westra. Flowers. – b. Guatteria chiriquiensis R.E.Fr. Fruit. – c. Guatteria citriodora Ducke. Fruit. – d, e. Guatteria conspicua R.E.Fr. d. Flowers; e. fruit. – f. Guatteria crassivenia N.Zamora & Maas. Detail of lower leaf surface. – g. Guatteria delicatula Maas & Westra. Flower pedicel with perianth and stamens gone. – h. Guatteria dotana N.Zamora & Erkens. Fruit (a: Vargas L. et al. 4242, isotype U; b: Zamora et al. 1461, U; c: Mori et al. 23673, U; d, e: Jonker-Verhoef & Jonker 494, U; f: Herrera C. & Chacón 2746, U; g: Solomon 9282, holotype U; h: Estrada & Solano 1817, MO).