Nemka limi ( Chen, 1957 )

Okayasu, Juriya, Lelej, Arkady S., Williams, Kevin A., Brabant, Craig M., Nguyen, Lien Thi Phuong, Nguyen, Anh Duc, Pham, Thai Hong & Truong, Tuong Thi Cat, 2025, Current knowledge on the velvet ants (Hymenoptera: Mutillidae, Myrmosidae) of Vietnam: faunal review and new distributional records, Zootaxa 5668 (1), pp. 1-104 : 46-47

Nemka limi ( Chen, 1957)

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( Figs 15A–15D)

Smicromyrme wotani ( Zavattari, 1913) : Yasumatsu 1938a: 85, ♀; Yasumatsu 1951: 70, ♀. Misidentification.

Smicromyrme limi limi Chen, 1957: 215 , ♀, holotype ♀ ( Chusan [= Zhoushan], Chekiang [= Zhejiang], China) [ TARI]; He et al. 2004: 952, ♀ .

Smicromyrme limi nanhai Chen, 1957: 216 , ♀, holotype ♀ (San-ah [= Sanya], Hainan, China) [TARI]. Synonymized by Okayasu (2020: 33) under Nemka limi ( Chen, 1957) .

Nemka wotani ( Zavattari, 1913) : Lelej 1995a: 10, ♂ ♀, part; Lelej et al. 2001: 12, ♀; Lelej 2002: 57, part; Lelej 2005: 48, part; Hua 2006: 300; Lo Cascio 2015: 553, part. Misidentification.

Nemka limi limi : Lelej 1995a: 11, ♀; Lelej 2005: 46; Hua 2006: 300; Okayasu et al. 2018: 303, ♀; Pagliano et al. 2020: 176; Boutin & Vilhelmsen 2024: supplementary table S2, ♀.

Nemka limi nanhai : Lelej 1995a: 11, ♀; Lelej 2005: 46; Hua 2006: 300; Lo Cascio 2015: 553; Okayasu et al. 2018: 303, ♀; Pagliano et al. 2020: 176; Boutin & Vilhelmsen 2024: supplementary table S2, ♀.

Nemka limi : Okayasu 2020: 33 , ♂ ♀; Nguyen & Dang 2024: 58, ♀.

Nemka taiwanensis ( Mickel, 1933a) : Barthélémy & Guénard 2025: 76, ♂. Misidentification.

Material examined. 1♂ 18♀. Vietnam: CAO BANG: Phia Oac Phia Den NP station, 30.VI.2022, Nguyen D. Hiep leg. [1♀ IEBR] ; LAO CAI: Van Ban, Liem Phu , 300–700 m, 30.IX.2006, K. Eguchi leg. [1♀ SKYC] ; LANG SON: [Lôc Binh], Montes Mauson [= Mt. Mau Son], Mai 2–3000, IV, H. Fruhstorfer leg., Smicromyrme wotani wotani (Zavattari) , B. Petersen det. 1983 [1♂ ZMUC] ; VINH PHUC: Ngoc Thanh, Me Linh Biodiversity station , 21°23'03"N 105°42'40"E, 70 m, 18.VIII.2022, NTPL [= Nguyen Thi Phuong Lien] & TTN [= Tran Thi Ngat] leg. [2♀ IEBR] ; Phúc Yên, Ng ọc Thanh , Melinh Biodiversity Station , 21.3884995°N 105.712599695°E, 68 m alt., 6.VI.2023, L.T.P. Nguyen et al. leg. [1♀ IEBR] ; NGHE AN: ca. 25 km SW of Con Cuông, Khe Moi River Forestry Camp , 5–8.VI.1995, B. Hubley & J. Swan leg., ROM 956162 [1♀ ROM] ; HA TINH: Vu Quang, Ben Cat , 18°19'30"N 105°23'8"E, 30 m, 7.VIII.2023, X.L. Truong, T.P.L. Nguyen, Q.C. Nguyen & T.N. Tran leg. [3♀ IEBR], 8.VII.2023 [9♀ IEBR] .

Identification source. Voucher specimen ( Okayasu 2020). Compared with types [ TARI].

Previous record. This species was recorded from Lang Son, Quang Ninh, and Vinh Phuc by Lelej (1995a), Nguyen & Dang (2024), and Okayasu (2020).

Distribution. China. South Korea. Vietnam: Cao Bang *, Lao Cai *, Lang Son, Vinh Phuc, Quang Ninh, Nghe An *, Ha Tinh *.

Occurrence in Vietnam. April, June to October. South China-Vietnam subtropical evergreen forests, Northern Indochina subtropical forests, Northern Vietnam lowland rain forests, and Northern Annamites rain forests ecoregions. 30–700 m alt. Forest edge ( Fig. 30B).

Sex association. This species was initially described from the female only. The male was associated and diagnosed by Okayasu (2020) based on males and females collected at the same place and time and morphological similarities to related species in both sexes.

Remarks. This species occurs in both the Oriental and Palaearctic Regions. Diagnostic features to identify N. limi and related Japanese and Taiwanese species were discussed by Okayasu (2020).

Genus Promecilla André, 1902

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Promecilla André, 1902b: 14 , 30, ♀; Bischoff, 1921: 715, ♀; Lelej 1985: 180, ♂ ♀; Lelej 2002: 63; Lelej 2005: 51; Lelej & Brothers 2008: 48 ; Pagliano et al. 2020: 182; Lelej & Williams 2023: 122, ♂ ♀. Type species: Mutilla regia Smith, 1855 (♀), by original designation.

Diversity and distribution. This genus includes 29 species, five in the Afrotropical Region, four in the southern Palaearctic Region (Central Asia and Pakistan), and 20 in the Oriental Region ( Lelej 2002, 2005, 2020; Pagliano et al. 2020).

Remarks. Most Oriental Promecilla species occur in the Indian subcontinent; very few occur in East Asia.