Sadyattes mindanaense, Hennemann, 2025

Hennemann, Frank H., 2025, A review of Sadyattes Stål, 1875, with the descriptions of six new species from the Philippines (Phasmatodea: Platycraninae: Stephanacridini), Zootaxa 5610 (1), pp. 1-72 : 51-58

Sadyattes mindanaense sp. nov.

ZooBank: https://zoobank.org/NomenclaturalActs/ AD336594-FA27-4AC5-8B9E-BA96D40E8283

( Figs. 16–18 , 21A–B , 23B–C )

Eucarcharus feruloides, Bollens, Krijns & Bresseel, 2010: 22 . [Misidentification] Harman, 2013: 13. [Note on culture stock - misidentification]

HT, ♀: Coll. I.R.Sc.N.B., Philippines, Mindanao, Leg: R. Cabale 2011, Gift: J. Bresseel, IG: 32.386 [ RBINS] .

PT, 19 ♀♀, 12 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀ (immature): Coll. I.R.Sc.N.B., Philippines, Mindanao, Leg: R. Cabale 2011, Gift: J. Bresseel, IG: 32.386 [ RBINS] .

PT, 3 ♀♀, 4 ♂♂, 1 ♀ (immature), 1 ♂ (immature), 75 eggs: ex Zucht F. Hennemann 2007, Herkunft: Philippinen, Mindanao, Bukidnon Prov., Tampakan [coll. FH, No’s 0630-1 to 9 & E] .

PT, 2 ♂♂: Philippinen, Mindanao Island , Mount Matutum 2007 [coll. FH, No’s 0630-10 & 11] .

PT, 11 ♀♀, 17 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀ (immature), 1 ♂ (immature): Philippinen, Mindanao Island , S-Cotabato Prov., Tupi, Mount Matutum ,

V.2011 [coll. FH, No’s 0630-13 to 43] .

PT, ♀: Philippinen, Mindanao Id., Davao Reg., Compostela Valley, nr. Diwalwal ( Mount Diwata ), I.2011 [coll. FH, No. 0630-

44].

PT, 3 ♀♀, 3 ♂♂: Philippinen, Mindanao Island, Prov. Cotabato, Municipality Magpet O of Davao, local collector X.2011 [coll. FH, No’s 0630-45 to 50] .

PT, ♂: Philippinen, NW Mindanao Island , Provinz, Llanao del Norte, Kapatagan, local collector VIII.2011 [coll. FH, No. 0630-51] .

PT, 3 ♀♀, 1 ♂: Philippinen, Mindanao Island , Prov. Agusan del Sur, Sibagat Munip., ca. 50 m, local collector VIII.2012 [coll. FH, No’s 0630-52 to 55] .

PT, ♀: Philippinen, Mindanao Island, Prov. Agusan del Sur, San Agustin , local collector IV.2003 [coll. FH, No. 0630-56] .

PT, 23 ♀♀, 11 ♂♂, 1 egg: Philippinen, Prov. Cotobato, Mount Matutum , 03.2006 [coll. OC, No’s 0128-1 to 34 & E]

PT, 29 ♀♀, 10 ♂♂: Philippinen, Mindanao, Prov. Cotabato, Mount Apo , local collector 03.2010 [coll. OC, No’s 0128-35 to 74] .

Further material:

♂: Philippinen, Mindanao Id., North Cotabato Prov., Mt. Apo, Marbel River , 1100–1400 m, 19.724. II. 1994, Alex Buenafe leg., coll. R.A. Müller [coll. OZ, No. 220-1] ♂: Philippinen, Mindanao, Bukidnon Prov., Mt. Imbayao, Baungon , Tanalaong River , 25.IX.-01.X.1989, Th. Borromeo leg., ex Coll. R. A. Müller [coll. OZ, No. 220-2] ; ♀ (immature n4): Philippines, Mindanao Id., North Cotabato, Mt. Apo, Lake Venado , 2280 m, 01.IV.1995, leg. A. Bunafe, ex coll. R.A. Müller [coll. OZ No. 220-3] ; 14 ♀♀, 2 eggs: Philippines, Mindanao, Sultan Kudawat Palimbang, Brgy , Milbuk , 12.30-20.30 h, on Psidium guayava L., 25.viii.1999, leg. O. Zompro [coll. OZ 330-1 to14, 330-E] ; 1 ♂: Surigao, Mindanao, Baker , Pharnacia annulata Redt. ? 451 [ ANSP] .

Differentiation. Females of this new species are very similar and morphologically closest to S. fallax (Brunner v. Wattenwyl, 1907) from Luzon, Samar and Panay with which they share the general appearance, form, size and shape of the subgenital plate and essentially are difficult to distinguish. These ♀♀ may however be separated by the more globose and strongly convex vertex ( Figs. 17F–H ), notably more pronounced dentations of the limbs, which are distinctly spinose particularly in the basal portions of the two outer ventral carinae of the meso- and metafemora and includes two comparatively larger apical teeth on the same carinae of the mesofemora ( Figs. 17I–L ), more shallow lateral excavation of the anal segment ( Figs. 17A–B ), and differently shaped praeopercular organ ( Fig. 17E ). Males show close affinity to those of fallax and S. leytensis ( Zompro, 1997) , the latter of which is also found throughout Mindanao and may be sympatric in certain localities. The distinct postocular streak is shared with the very similar fallax but it is broader in this species and either black or dark green ( Figs. 18I, K ). Besides, these ♂♂ are smaller (body length at best 100.0 mm) and slightly more robust in shape with stockier legs, that have all the dentations comparatively more pronounced, the black transverse posterior bands of abdominal terga II-VI are much broader, and the vomer is basically heart-shaped with the base broader ( Fig. 18H ; almost gradually tapering and basically triangular in fallax ). From leytensis the ♂♂ of mindanaense can be distinguished by the dark postocular streak ( Figs. 18I–K ; head almost unicoloured in leytensis ), shorter alae that only reach about halfway along abdominal segment III (projecting over posterior margin of segment III on leytensis ), and slightly less widened basal portion of the vomer ( Fig. 18H ). From the known eggs of Sadyattes , those of mindanaense ( Figs. 21A–B ) most strongly resemble the ones of fallax but differ by the more wide-meshed network of ridges and bulges of the chorion, presence of a shallow posteroventral indention near the polar-area as well as the somewhat larger and rather spearhead-shaped micropylar plate, which has the polar extension notably longer than in fallax (micropylar plate rather pear-shaped in mindanaense ).

Etymology. Named after the distribution on the island of Mindanao, where it is endemic. Neuter.

Description. The colouration is described upon colour photographs of live insects as well as dried specimens. Measurements in table 5 below.

♀ ( Fig. 16 ). Medium-sized to fairly large (body length incl. subgenital plate 141.0–183.0 mm), form typical for the genus, with a strongly globose head and a broad, spatulate subgenital plate that projects over the tip of the abdomen by no more than the combined length of terminal two abdominal terga. Colour very variable (see summary of variability below), ranging from grey and drab over various tones of ochre, buff and brown to olive and mid green; often species are prettily flecked and mottled with white and dark brown and occasionally possess either large white or cream-coloured markings on single or various dorsal body segments ( Figs. 16C, F ) or are more or less continuous medio-longitudinal dorsal streak of the same colour ( Figs. 16D–E ). Head at least with a broad dark green postocular streak in green specimens but mostly with various blackish speckles on genae that more or less definitely shape an arrangement that resembles a postocular streak; lower portion of genae often whitish. Antennae drab with all segments of basal half black; occasionally scapus not wholly black ventrally. Legs more or less distinctly annulated and flecked with white and dark grey or black; more rarely plain green. Base of profemora red interiorly, base of meso- and metafemora almost always slightly pink to reddish.

Head ( Figs. 17F–H ): Globose with the vertex almost spherical posteriorly and shallowly impressed anteriorly; the coronal line and lateral furrow weakly indented; just slightly longer than wide and broadest directly behind eyes. Frons with a deep transverse impression just behind bases of antennae. Eyes of moderate size but distinctly projecting; their diameter corresponding to about 0.8x length of gena. Antennae reaching one-third the way along metanotum; scapus small and slightly constricted basally but basically rectangular, about 1.6x longer than wide; pedicellus round in cross-section weakly narrowing towards apex and about two-thirds the length of scapus.

Thorax: Pronotum shorter and scarcely more than half as wide as head, rectangular in outline with a gentle pre-median narrowing and a concave medially somewhat protruded anterior margin; transverse furrow behind anterior margin laterally terminating in narrow but distinct pit close to outer angles of notum; transverse median sulcus distinct, gently arched and expanding over entire width of notum, the median line indented and occasionally with a pair of low median granules just in front and/or behind the transverse sulcus; a few minute granules may also be present along median line throughout the posterior portion of pronotum. Mesothorax 6.6–6.8x longer than prothorax, slightly constricted at anterior margin slightly widened posteriorly. Mesonotum with medio-longitudinal line almost indiscernible and at anterior margin with a distinct, medially indented and weakly bi-granular transverse ridge. Metanotum with medio-longitudinal line like on mesonotum, almost rectangular, 2.6x longer than wide and about 0.45x length of mesonotum. Meso- and metasternum with a shallow medio-longitudinal keel.

Abdomen: Median segment scarcely more than half the length of metanotum, very slightly narrowing towards anterior and roughly 1.5x longer than wide. Segments II–VII somewhat sub-uniform in diameter, II–IV increasing in length V roughly as long as IV and VI–VII decreasing in length with IV–V longest and about 2.5x longer than wide; VII narrower than all preceding, scarcely longer than median segment and only 2.3x longer than wide. Medio-longitudinal carina only visible on sterna II–III and anterior portion, sterna V–VII smooth. Praeopercular organ formed by an elongate-oval verrucose and ridge-like glossy black median swelling some distance in front of the posterior margin; the surrounding area unevenly granular to rugulose ( Fig. 17E ). Terga-VIII and IX roughly uniform in width, VIII about 0.6x length of VIII and almost rectangular; IX about half the length of VIII and sub-quadrate. Anal segment as long as IX with basal portion of same width and only the posterior half slightly narrowing with the posterior margin widely bi-lobate and with a small, triangular median indention ( Figs. 17C–D ); lateral margins with a moderate concave emargination ( Figs. 17A–B ); dorsal surface with a fairly acute medio-longitudinal keel. Epiproct small, scale like with a median keel and a minute posteromedian indention, scarcely projecting beyond anal segment ( Figs. 17C–D ). Cerci slender, conical and slightly reaching beyond posterior margin of anal segment. Gonapophyses VIII slightly projecting over tip of abdomen. Subgenital plate granular basally and rather weakly keeled longitudinally in central portion; the elongated apical section flattened, spatulate and either weakly narrowing to almost parallel-sided with the posterior margin broadly rounded to roundly angular and extending beyond tip of abdomen by at most he combined length of two terminal abdominal terga ( Figs. 17A–E ).

Legs: Moderately long and fairly stocky with all carinae dentate; profemora slightly shorter than pro- and mesothorax combined, mesofemora somewhat shorter than mesothorax, metafemora reaching to posterior margin of abdominal segment IV and metatibiae reaching about halfway along segment VII. Teeth on anteroventral carina of profemora moderately distinct, saw-like and broader than teeth on posteroventral carina; the posterodorsal carina supplied with only 12–18 minute black teeth, that are rather unevenly spaced. Meso- and metafemora slightly incrassate sub-basally with the two outer ventral carinae weakly expanded; the dentations of two outer ventral carinae prominent, especially in the widened sub-basal section where they are elongate and rather spiniform, and the two apical teeth more or less prominently enlarged and forming acutely triangular lobes ( Figs. 17J–L ); dorsal teeth much smaller; medioventral carina distinct and supplied with about 10–15 rather small spines. Medioventral carina of meso- and metatibiae rounded and raised sub-basally and the posterodorsal carina deflexed to form a small 4-dentate apical lobe. Meso- and metabasitarsi with all four carinae minutely denticulated, the dorsal carina slightly rounded and almost as long as remaining tarsomeres except clow taken together; probasitarsus roughly equal in length to remaining joints taken together, slender and with only the ventral carinae indistinctly denticulate.

♂ ( Fig. 18 ). Moderately sized (body length 82.0–100.0 mm), form stocky for the genus, with a globose head and a distinct dark postocular streak and short alae that reach no further back than half way along abdominal tergum III (length 18.0–21.0 mm). General colour green to olive, the abdominal terga gradually becoming more brownish towards tip of abdomen, II–VI each all with a broad and transverse black posterior marking, the corresponding sterna only with a narrow transverse-sub-posterior band. Head yellow to pale orange with a distinct dark green to black postocular streak ( Figs. 18I, K ). Antennae brown with ventral surface of segments in basal half black. Pronotum with lateral portion darker in colour than median section. Tegmina and costal region of alae with anterior margin broadly off-white to pale yellow and interiorly bordered by a fine brown line, otherwise greyish green with the more interior section gradually turning to purplish brown; anal fan hyaline to transparent grey with dark green veins. Profemora drab with the anterior surface slightly russet and compressed base green. Meso- and metafemora greyish green to pale greyish brown with three faint light cream-coloured annulae and somewhat darkened at the apex; base occasionally slightly pinkish. Profemora ochre to yellow with about five faint and variable brown annulae. Meso- and metafemora dark yellow to orange with two black annulae and the apex brown ( Fig. 18D ). Basitarsi creamy basally.

Head ( Figs. 18I–K ): Strongly globose, shape basically as in ♀, but the longitudinal lines less indented and the anterior portion of vertex with two shallow, transverse diagonal directed impressions; the indention on frons less distinct. Eyes very large, projecting sub-spherically and their diameter corresponding to about 0.75x length of gena. Antennae reaching to posterior of abdominal segment III; scapus and pedicellus like in ♀.

Thorax: Pronotum essentially as in ♀, notably shorter and narrower than head, but the anterior margin less protruded ( Fig. 18J ). Mesothorax uniform in diameter except for being weakly widened posteriorly. Mesonotum with a very fine medio-longitudinal line that is almost indiscernible in the posterior three-quarters, the anterior margin with an arched transverse ridge that is notched medially. Meso- and metasternum with a fine medio-longitudinal carina. Tegmina elongate and very slender, spatulate with the basal two-thirds notably narrowing and the apical one-third roundly angular; central hump small but pronounced and obtusely conical. Alae reaching about halfway along abdominal segment III.

Abdomen: Segments II–VI just very slightly sub-uniform in length and on average 5x longer than wide; VII shorter than all preceding, constricted medially, somewhat widened posteriorly and only about 0.7x length of VI. Tergum V with a low and obtuse posteromedian swelling. Sterna distinctly carinate medio-longitudinally. Tergum VIII strongly inflated, broadest of all abdominal terga, roundly trapezoidal in dorsal aspect with posterior margin almost 1.5x wider than anterior margin, slightly more than half as long as VII. IX much narrower, also trapezoidal, scarcely longer than VIII and gradually narrowing towards the posterior; roundly tectate dorsally.Anal segment wider and shorter than IX with lateral surfaces convex and obtusely gibbose sub-basally; the posterior margin noticeably inflated, somewhat labiate and with the obtuse rounded outer angles deflexed and angled outward; anteriorly the posterior margin is bordered by a distinct transverse groove on each side of the obtuse medio-longitudinal keel ( Fig. 18F ); ventral surfaces densely denticulated and facing each other at an angle of about 45°. Cerci slightly club-shaped, round in cross-section, gently up- and in-curved and notably projecting beyond anal segment. Phallus slightly projecting over left lateral margin ( Fig. 18H ). Vomer rather small, basically heart-shaped in outline with a deep medio-longitudinal furrow on ventral surface and the lateral portion strongly inflated; the terminal hook short but string and weakly up-curved ( Fig. 18H ). Poculum bowl-shaped but rather weakly bulgy with a small and obtuse rounded swelling medio-basally ( Fig. 18E ); posterior margin narrow, roundly triangular somewhat projecting over posterior margin of tergum IX ( Figs. 18G–H ).

Legs: Moderately slender and of average shape with all carinae rather minutely dentate. Profemora roughly equal in length to head, pro- and mesothorax combined, mesofemora slightly shorter than mesothorax, metafemora almost reaching posterior margin of abdominal segment V and metatibiae reaching beyond tip of abdomen by about combined length of terminal abdominal segments. Anterodorsal carina of profemora fairly distinct serrate teeth, those on the posteroventral carina somewhat less in number, comparatively smaller and often black; posterodorsal carina supplied with about 20 minute denticles. Dentations on two outer ventral carinae of meso- and metafemora more numerous and comparatively larger than those of dorsal carinae. Meso- and metabasitarsi roughly as long as remaining joints except claw taken together and with a few minute denticles in basal half of two outer ventral carinae; probasitarsus slightly longer and unarmed.

Variability. Both sexes, but ♀♀ in particular, show a considerably size range. The specimen from Nabunturan in the collection of RBINS and one of the examples from Sibagat in the author’s collection (coll. FH No. 0630-54) are notably larger than all other specimens at hand at a total length of 183.0 mm (see table 5 below). Interestingly, also the smallest examined specimens with a total length of only 141.0 mm is from Sibagat (coll. FH, No. 0630- 53). The ♀ from San Agustin is just slightly smaller than the two aforementioned large specimens. These large specimens are generally slenderer in overall shape and also have comparatively slenderer limbs, but show no other significant morphological differences from all other examined specimens. All three localities are lowland habitats in the eastern region of Mindanao. The majority of ♀♀ from Mount Apo and Mount Matutum range from 146.0 mm to 167.0 mm in total length. Variability is also seen in the length and shape of the subgenital plate, which can have the apex broad and just slightly projecting beyond the apex of the abdomen or is notably elongated, somewhat tapering towards a more narrowly rounded apex that extends beyond the abdomen by as much as the combined length of terga IX and X.

While ♂♂ are fairly consistent in colour, remarkably variability is seen in ♀♀. The great majority of specimens shows pretty mottling that consist of various tones of ochre, brown, grey, cream and white with the white areas strongly varying in density, size and shape. Considerably less specimens are olive or green and mostly these have a variably shaped either continuous or interrupted white medio-longitudinal streak along the dorsal body surface and sometimes even the head (e. g. the example from Nabunturan in RBINS; Fig. 23B ). Even more rarely are plain buff to ochre specimens (e. g. examples from San Agustin and the large ♀ from Sibagat). Captive reared ♀♀ originating from Tampakan are more or less uniformly green to olive ( Figs. 16A–B ) with only single ones showing a white medio-longitudinal streak along the dorsal body surface. The lower portion of the genae is more or less whitish in all examples at hand and the postocular streak may be represented either as a washed dark green or brown streak or a variable cluster of dark brown to blackish speckles ( Figs. 17F–H ). The only noteworthy chromatic variability seen in ♂♂ concerns to the postocular streak which mostly is black ( Fig. 18K ) but dark green in the captive reared specimens from Tampakan ( Fig. 18L ) and colour of the apex of the meso- and metafemora, which ranges from washed mid brown ( Fig. 18D ) to distinctly black.

Egg ( Figs. 21A–B ). Medium-sized, chorion slightly longer than high, flattened laterally and distinctly oval in cross-section; polar-area with a shallow indention anteriorly and the anterior margin strongly arched if seen in lateral aspect. Surface wholly covered by an irregular wide-meshed network of obtuse granular bulges that leave impressed areas inbetween them; surface of the indented areas minutely and densely granular. Micropylar plate small, spearhead-shaped with the broaded anterior portion oval and acutely triangular at anterior tip and the lower portion strongly narrowed with the strongly inflated and bulgy outer margin fused with another. Internal surface lowered, flat and with a small bowl-shaped micropylar cup at lower end of widened anterior area. Operculum elliptical and strongly arched with the dorsal and ventral portions downward-directed. Outer margin somewhat raised and labiate. Dorsal portion with a small but distinct pit that is surrounded by a low rim. Capitulum an irregular, mushroom-like protrusion that consists of several irregular raised and radially directed ridges that fuse in centre. Colour greyish ochre with the indented portions of the chorion drab. Operculum dark brown and the raised ridges of the capitulum with a slight reddish hue. Micropylar cup black.

Measurements[mm]: Length incl. operculum 3.4, length 3.1, width 2.1, height 2.4, length of micropylar plate 1.7.

Remarks. A culture stock of S. mindanaense sp. nov. was reared for several generations based on eggs imported from Tampakan, Bukidnon Province and laid by specimens collected by Benjié Mabanta ( Philippines) during 2005 and 2006 ( Harman, 2013: 13). The culture was misidentified as “ Eucarcharus feruloides ” and included on the Phasmid Study Group culture list as culture No. PSG 287. Meanwhile the culture has vanished. In captivity in the Philippines guava ( Psidium guajava , Myrtaceae ) has frequently been accepted as food. Alternative food plants accepted in captivity in Europe included eucalyptus ( Eucalyptus spp. , Myrtaceae ), hypericum ( Hypericum patulum , Hypericaceae ), oak ( Quercus spp. , Fagaceae ), beech ( Fagus sylvatica , Fagaceae ), bramble and raspberry ( Rubus spp. , Rosaceae ), wild roses ( Rosa spp. , Rosaceae ) and also strawberry ( Fragaria vesca , Rosaceae ). Females are prolific egg-layers and produce an average of 4– 5 eggs per day and ♀, which are simply flicked away by an abrupt movement of the abdomen. The development is fairly rapid, with eggs hatching after only 12–16 weeks and nymphs reaching maturity after no more than 4–5 at average temperatures of 22–25°C. Nymphs and adult insects are difficult to handle and behave hectically if disturbed, with immatures in particular easily shedding limbs if a leg is grasped by a predator or the uncareful breeder.

Distribution. Philippines. Mindanao (endemic): "Mindanao" [RBINS]; Province South Cotabato (Mount Apo [FH, OC]; Mount Matutum [FH, OC]; Mount Matutum, Tupi Municipality [FH]); Province North Cotabato (Mount Apo, Marvel River 1100–1400 [OZ]; Mount Apo, Lake Venado 2280 m [OZ]); Province Cotabato (Magpet Municipality [FH]); Province Bukidnon (Tampakan 1300 m [FH]; Mount Imbayao, Baungon, Tanalaong River [OZ]); Province Llanao del Norte (Kapatagan [FH]); Province Agusan del Sur (Sibagat [RBINS, FH]; San Agustin [FH]); Province Davao de Oro (Compostela Valley, near Mount Diwata [FH]; Nabunturan [RBINS]); Province Sultan Kudarat (Palimbang Municipality, Milbuk [OZ]); Province Surigao del Norte (Surigao [ANSP]).

Figures

FIGURE 16. Sadyattes mindanaense sp. nov. ♀♀ (paratypes) showing intraspecific variability [FH]: A. Habitus of green specimen, lateral view [FH 0630-1]; B. Habitus of green specimen, dorsal view [FH 0630-1]; C. Habitus of brown mottled specimen with large white portions on meso- and metanotum, lateral view [FH 0630-46]; D. Habitus of brown specimen with a whitish medio-longitudinal dorsal streak, dorsolateral view [FH 0630-16]; E. Habitus of brown specimen with a whitish mediolongitudinal dorsal streak, dorsal view [FH 0630-16]; F. Habitus of green specimen with white meso- and metanotal markings, dorsal view [FH 0630-52].

FIGURE 17. Sadyattes mindanaense sp. nov. details of ♀♀ (paratypes) [FH]: A. Terminalia in lateral view [FH 0630-1]; B. Terminalia in lateral view [FH 0630-44]; C. Terminalia in dorsal view [FH 0630-1]; D: Terminalia in dorsal view [FH 0630-16]; E. Terminalia in ventral view [FH 0630-44]; F. Head and prothorax of green specimen with faint dark green postocular streak, lateral view [FH 0630-1]; G. Head and prothorax of green specimen with black dotted postocular streak, lateral view [FH 0630- 52]; H. Head and prothorax of mottled specimen with black dotted postocular streak, lateral view [FH 0630-20]; I. Right midleg lateral view; J. Knee-region of right midleg, posterolateral view (specimen with a slender and rather spinose ventro-apical tooth); K. Knee-region of right midleg, posterolateral view (mottled specimen with a broad and triangular ventro-apical tooth); L. Knee-region of right midleg, posterolateral view (green specimen with a broad and triangular ventro-apical tooth).

FIGURE 18. Sadyattes mindanaense sp. nov. ♂♂ (paratypes) [FH]: A. Habitus, lateral view [FH 0630-7]; B. Habitus, dorsolateral view [FH 0630-21]; C. Habitus, dorsal view [FH 0630-21]; D. Knee-region of right midleg, posterolateral view; E. Terminalia in lateral view; F. Terminalia in dorsal view; G. Terminalia in ventral view; H. Ventral view of two terminal abdominal segments (enlarged); I. Head and prothorax of specimen with faint dark green postocular streak, lateral view [FH 0630-7]; J. Head and prothorax of specimen with faint dark green postocular streak, dorsal view [FH 0630-7]; K. Head and prothorax of specimen with distinct black postocular streak, lateral view [FH 0630-21]. Pha = phallus.

FIGURE 21. Eggs of Sadyattes spp., dorsal view (left) and lateral view with micropylar plate at left hand side (right): A–B. S. mindanaense sp. nov. (paratype); C–D. S. fallax (Brunner v. Wattenwyl, 1907) comb. nov.; E–F. S. feruloides (Westwood, 1859) comb. nov.; G–H. S. leytensis (Zompro, 1997) comb. nov.; I–J. Sadyattes matipuno sp. nov. (paratype); K–L. S. decoris (Seow-Choen, 2016) comb. nov. [© Francis Seow-Choen]; M–N. S. incertus (Redtenbacher, 1906) comb. nov. from ovipositor of holotype of synonym Nearchus grubaueri Redtenbacher, 1908 [© NHMW, Harald Bruckner]; O–P. S. enganensis (Redtenbacher, 1908) [© Francis Seow-Choen].

FIGURE 23. Live insects: A. ♀ paratype of S. decoris (Redtenbacher, 1908) at Bako National Park, NW-Sarawak in February 2015 [© Francis Seow-Choen]; B. ♀ paratype of S. mindanaense sp. nov. at Nabunturan, Province Davao de Oro, Mindanao in March 2008 [© Joachim Bresseel]; C. Captive reared ♂ of S. mindanaense sp. nov. (paratype).