identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03C41E51FFC2FFEC8BC8FEE291F8EA96.text	03C41E51FFC2FFEC8BC8FEE291F8EA96.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pyrgodiscus F. Kitton ex P. T. Cleve 1885	<div><p>Pyrgodiscus Kitton ex Cleve 1885: 173</p><p>Pyrgodiscus F.Kitton ex P.T. Cleve, 1885 in GBIF Secretariat (2021), GBIF Backbone Taxonomy. Checklist dataset GBIF Secretariat (2021, accessed via GBIF.org on 2021-12-22; also De Toni 1894: 1011 [no. 4239]).</p><p>TYPE:— Pyrgodiscus armatus Kitton ex Cleve 1885</p><p>MATERIAL: BM (summarised in Natural History Museum 2021); descriptions in De Toni (1894: 1011), Van Heurck (1896: 426) and Taylor (1929: 215).</p><p>Valves circular, with central dome or pillar. Surface surrounding pillar areolate with evenly spaced stout spines that taper towards their tips. Similar series of spines surrounding surface of pillar, stouter than those on lower part of valve, but not equal in length.</p><p>The twin series of independent spines are a (proposed) synapomorphy of the genus.</p><p>Possibly a resting spore (e.g., Chambers 1997: 344), since its first description the genus Pyrgodiscus acquired only a few additional species, some having since been transferred to more appropriate genera, others identified as synonyms of species in genera different to Pyrgodiscus, and a few awaiting further investigation (Table 2; it is of note that half of the species in Pyrgodiscus were described relatively recently by Hajós &amp; Stradner from Late Cretaceous DSDP material [Hajós &amp; Stradner 1975], none of which should remain in Pyrgodiscus, see below for summary). In spite of these additions, only Pyrgodiscus armatus and P. simplex should remain in the genus, although electron microscopy may inform otherwise.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C41E51FFC2FFEC8BC8FEE291F8EA96	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Williams, David M.;Sims, Pat A.	Williams, David M., Sims, Pat A. (2023): Notes on the diatom collection of the Natural History Museum, London (BM) VII: An account of some original specimens of Pyrgodiscus (Bacillariophyta) with notes on Stephanogonia (Bacillariophyta). Phytotaxa 589 (3): 213-229, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.589.3.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.589.3.1
03C41E51FFC2FFEE8BC8F85B9502EEC3.text	03C41E51FFC2FFEE8BC8F85B9502EEC3.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pyrgodiscus armatus Cleve 1885	<div><p>Pyrgodiscus armatus Kitton ex Cleve 1885: 173, pl. 13, fig. 13a–b, reproduced as our Figures 1, 4 (see Journal of the Royal Microscopical Society 1885: 1042); Witt 1885: 30, pl. VI, figs 7, 8; Witt 1886: 166, pl. VI, figs 7, 8, reproduced as our Figures 2, 5 (‘Arkhan- gel’skoye-Kurojedovo, Ulyanovsk’, formerly Simbirsk, USSR, see Ross &amp; Sims 1985: 280) (Figure 7–23, summarised in Table 3).</p><p>TYPE LOCALITY:— CZECH REPUBLIC, Moravia, Augarten near Brno (= Bŗnn) (fossil, ‘Tegel’ [= marl, clay]), Miocene–Pliocene?, E. Thum (see Thum 1885: 11 [Kl̂nne &amp; M̧ller 1885: 11], no. ‘6638, Purgodiscus [sic] armatus Kitton’; Thum 1889: 14, no. 1473: 25, no. 2991, “Tegel aus Mähren ”; Thum 1895 [1891]: 32, no. 2073: 59, no. 4226, “Tegel v. Mähren ”)</p><p>Material</p><p>CZECH REPUBLIC (MORAVIA), Augarten near Brno (= Bŗnn) (fossil, ‘Tegel’ [= marl, clay]), Miocene—Pliocene?: BM 7333! (Figs 9, 10), ‘Thum, Abt. II, ---’; BM 7334! (Figs 11–15, two specimens, Figs 21-23), BR III-2-B8, BR III-2-B9, ‘Thum, Abt. VI, no. 6638’, see Thum 1885: 11 and Kl̂nne &amp; M̧ller 1885: 11, ‘6638, Purgodiscus [sic] armatus Kitton’ slide label corrected from Purgodiscus to Pyrgodiscus,; BM 14428! (Tempère &amp; Peragallo, Diat. Monde entier, 1 st edn, no. 174), BM 46164! (Sturt A1101, Kitton) = Figs 21–23, BM 46649! (Sturt A1588) = Figs 7, 8, BM 46653! (Sturt A1592), BM 52996!, Tegel Bŗnn Mähren, ‘Thum Abt. VI, 7125’, see Thum 1885: 18 and Kl̂nne &amp; M̧ller 1885: 18, BM 52997! (Thum, no details on label), BM 52998!, BM 56043! (Wynne Baxter 1415, Weissflog), BM 56854! (Wynne Baxter 2225), BM 57612! (Wynne Baxter 2985, Kitton) = Figs 16–18, BM 57613 (Wynne Baxter 2986, Kitton), BM 57620 (Wynne Baxter 2993, Kitton), BM 63386! (Barker [July 1932]), BM 73527! (“Brunn”, Wise 1355), BM 73528! (“ Mähren 2088 | Thum | Abth. I IV 1423 ”, Wise 1356), BM Adams C 422! (Thum, Abt. II, ---), BM Adams GC 2630! (Kitton), BM Adams GC 2631! (Thum, Abt. VII, no. 2073), BM Adams J552! (Thum, Abt. VI, no. 6638), BM Adams J3765! (Alfredo Truan, Sep [18]86) = Figs 19, 20, BM Adams Bess 867!, BM Adams TS320! (Thum, Abt. II, ---), BM Adams TS263! (Alfredo Truan, Julio [18]88), BM Adams F1061 (Weissflog?), ANSP Febiger 693 (Weissflog, isotype, see Mahoney &amp; Reimer, 1997: 173), BR VIII-66-B2 (Weissflog), BR VIII-66-B3 (Weissflog 1583), BR VIII-66-B4 (Weissflog 1314); ANSP Shulze 1028, ANSP Shulze 1136, ANSP Shulze 1537, ANSP Boyer 0-5-11, ANSP Boyer E-5-5; BRM DA- 71, DA- 72 “Bŗnn Mähren Tegel”; W3075a–c?, W 3086a–f, “Bŗnn”.</p><p>RUSSIA, SINGILIEWSKY (BM 103893!, Hendey 5075 ex Meakin, July 1952, one specimen)</p><p>ILLUSTRATIONS:— Schmidt 1886 [Jan. 1 st 4]: pl. 92, figs 15, 16, reproduced as Figures 3, 6 [= Scḩtt 1896: 76, fig. 115A, B; = Karsten 1928: 224, fig. 247A, B; = Proschkina-Lavrenko, 1949: pl. 91, figs 4a, b], “Bŗnn (Präp. v. Thum in Janisch’s S) 660 […] Pyrgodiscus armatus F. Kitton […]”); Schmidt 1886 [Jan. 1 st]: pl. 91, fig. 8, “Szent Peter (Thum)”; Haeckel 1904, Kunstformen der Natur: pl. 84; Taylor 1929: pl. II, fig 14 (“ Pyrgodiscus armatus, ad. Nat. Bŗnn, Moravia ”); Lefébure 1947: pl. X, fig. 7 (= Jousé 1963: 121, figs 122a, b); Baranov 1942: pl.1, figs 6, 7.</p><p>Valves circUlar, diameter 70–90μm, with central dOme Or pillar, ca. 18–28μm in height, ca. 35–40μm. SUrface surrounding pillar areolate with evenly spaced stout spines, ca. 8 in all, broad at base, tapering towards tips. Surface undulates with spine at each undulation. Similar series of spines surrounding surface of pillar, stouter than those on lower part of valve, but not equal in length. Appearance when viewed from top down suggests lower series of spines alternates with those on pillar.</p><p>Thum’s various issues of the ‘ Typen Platten’ series have been briefly discussed above. All material found in BM is listed in the ‘Material’ section above, along with a note on specimens from the ANSP, BR and W collections (specimens other than BM have not been examined). There are 25 slides in all; excepting the strewn slides and those from BR and ANSP, there are 29 specimens, all structurally more or less the same as can be determined from LM (Figs 16–23). All the specimens (bar two) come from the ‘Augarten near Brno (= Bŗnn)’ material. Some raw material from ‘Augarten near Brno (= Bŗnn)’ was examined but no specimens were found so electron microscopy could not be used .</p><p>4 Dates from Hanna (1969)</p><p>Several slides in BM from various Russian deposits were said to have specimens of Pyrgodiscus armatus . One, from ‘Singiliewsky’ (BM 103893!, Hendey 5075 ex Meakin, July 1952), had a single specimen mounted in girdle view. Another, from Kamishev, Russia (BM 65720! ex Swatman), was said to have a specimen of Pyrgodiscus armatus but did not, and three further slides from Russian deposits (BM 32625!, BM 32627! and BM 33210!), all strewn slides, were also said to have specimens of Pyrgodiscus armatus but no specimens could be found in any of these either.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C41E51FFC2FFEE8BC8F85B9502EEC3	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Williams, David M.;Sims, Pat A.	Williams, David M., Sims, Pat A. (2023): Notes on the diatom collection of the Natural History Museum, London (BM) VII: An account of some original specimens of Pyrgodiscus (Bacillariophyta) with notes on Stephanogonia (Bacillariophyta). Phytotaxa 589 (3): 213-229, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.589.3.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.589.3.1
03C41E51FFC1FFE18BC8F99393BAE808.text	03C41E51FFC1FFE18BC8F99393BAE808.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pyrgodiscus simplex Witt 1885	<div><p>Pyrgodiscus simplex Witt 1885: 30, pl. VI, fig. 6; Witt 1886: 166, pl. VI, fig. 6 (= Figure 24)</p><p>(Figures 24–33)</p><p>TYPE LOCALITY:— RUSSIA, ‘Arkhan- gel’skoye-Kurojedovo, Ulyanovsk’, formerly Simbirsk , USSR, Witt 1885: 30, pl. VI, fig. 6; Witt 1886: 166, pl. VI, fig. 6</p><p>MATERIAL</p><p>RUSSIA, SARATOV, BM 64641! (eX Barker 185, twO specimens, FigUres 26–29, specimen figUred: d = 54 μm, cdw = 34 μm), BM 65879! (eX FergUsOn, One specimen, FigUres 30–33, specimen: d = 44 μm, cdw = 31 μm); CARLOVA, BM 66038! (Ferguson [ex Barker 171], One specimen: d = 51 μm, cdw = 33 μm); BR (Weissflog 1400 and Weissflog 2270, “O.Witt […] Archangelsk-Kurijedowo, Gouv. Simbirsk, Russland”)</p><p>ILLUSTRATIONS:— Schmidt 1886 [Jul. 1 st]: pl. 100, figs 13 (= Figure 25) [=Proschkina-Lavrenko: pl. 37, fig. 3, 1949] (“ Archangelsk (Weissfl.)”), fig. 14, “Simbirsk (Weissfl.); dieses räthselhafte Gebilde ist viell. die Unterschale eines Pyrgodiscus ”); Baranov 1942: pl.1, fig. 9.</p><p>Valves circUlar, diameter 40–52μm, with central dOme Or pillar, ca. 20μm in height, ca. 30–35μm. SUrface sUrrOUnding pillar areolate with evenly spaced stout spines, ca. 6–7, tapering towards tip. Series of spines surrounding surface of pillar, as small as those on lower part of valve.</p><p>The only specimens examined so far are from Ulyanovsk (Simbirsk).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C41E51FFC1FFE18BC8F99393BAE808	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Williams, David M.;Sims, Pat A.	Williams, David M., Sims, Pat A. (2023): Notes on the diatom collection of the Natural History Museum, London (BM) VII: An account of some original specimens of Pyrgodiscus (Bacillariophyta) with notes on Stephanogonia (Bacillariophyta). Phytotaxa 589 (3): 213-229, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.589.3.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.589.3.1
03C41E51FFCFFFE18BC8FD00933EED10.text	03C41E51FFCFFFE18BC8FD00933EED10.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pseudopodosira calyciflos Kanaya 1963	<div><p>Pseudopodosira calyciflos (Tempère &amp; Brun in Brun &amp; Tempère) Kanaya 1963: 24</p><p>TYPE LOCALITY:— Limestone clay from Yedo (Tokyo), Japan (holotype: Brun &amp; Tempère 1889: pl. 4, fig. 11b – specimen in pl. 4, fig. 11a “was included as pertaining to a material found alive in the Sandwich Islands (Hawaiian Islands)” (Sar et al. 2017: 250).</p><p>Basionym: Porodiscus calyciflos Tempère &amp; Brun in Brun &amp; Tempère 1889: 50, pl. 4, fig. 11b</p><p>Synonym: Pyrgodiscus calyciflos (Tempère &amp; Brun in Brun &amp; Tempère) De Toni 1894: 1011</p><p>TYPE:— JAPAN, “Yedo [Tokyo] (Miocene)”, holotype: illustration in Brun &amp; Tempère (1889: pl. 4, fig. 11b, see Sar et al. 2017: 247, 250).</p><p>MATERIAL EXAMINED:</p><p>HAWAII, BM 60030! (“Sandwich Is. | Pyrgodiscus calyciflos | Wynne Baxter 6941”, Tempère slide), BM Adams F1043! (“Sandwich | J. Tempère) JAPAN, BM 62150! (“Fossil Marin | Senday, Japan | E. Thum ex Baker”);</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C41E51FFCFFFE18BC8FD00933EED10	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Williams, David M.;Sims, Pat A.	Williams, David M., Sims, Pat A. (2023): Notes on the diatom collection of the Natural History Museum, London (BM) VII: An account of some original specimens of Pyrgodiscus (Bacillariophyta) with notes on Stephanogonia (Bacillariophyta). Phytotaxa 589 (3): 213-229, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.589.3.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.589.3.1
03C41E51FFCFFFE18BC8FE609305EB9C.text	03C41E51FFCFFFE18BC8FE609305EB9C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pyrgodiscus antiquus A. Forti & P. Schulz 1933	<div><p>Pyrgodiscus antiquus A.Forti &amp; P.Schulz 1933: 244, pl. 3, fig. 9, 10 =?</p><p>TYPE:— GERMANY, “hannoverschen Gault” (Forti &amp; Schulz 1933, ‘“ Gault ” Formation (Albian) near Hannover (northwest Germany)’, Gersonde &amp; Harwood 1990: 367) .</p><p>Gersonde &amp; Harwood commented on the locality, writing: “Unfortunately, Forti and Schulz 1933 [1932] did not indicate a type locality. According to Benda (1982), the deposit can no longer be located nor any original raw or type material” (Gersonde &amp; Harwood 1990: 367; see also Georgi 1976).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C41E51FFCFFFE18BC8FE609305EB9C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Williams, David M.;Sims, Pat A.	Williams, David M., Sims, Pat A. (2023): Notes on the diatom collection of the Natural History Museum, London (BM) VII: An account of some original specimens of Pyrgodiscus (Bacillariophyta) with notes on Stephanogonia (Bacillariophyta). Phytotaxa 589 (3): 213-229, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.589.3.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.589.3.1
03C41E51FFCFFFE28BC8FBB4923DE9F0.text	03C41E51FFCFFFE28BC8FBB4923DE9F0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Pyrgodiscus (‘ Kinkerii’) F. Kitton ex P. T. Cleve 1885	<div><p>Pyrgodiscus (‘Kinkerii’) kinkeri Pantocsek 1905: 90, pl. 34, fig. 486 (Figure 34–5)</p><p>TYPE:— DENMARK, Mors (“ In stratis tertiariis ad Mors in insula J ̧ttland [sic]”, Pantocsek 1905: 90; BM 68373–5!, Tempère &amp; Peragallo, Diatomées du monde entire, 2 nd edn: 16, “ MORS (Jutland) | (Dépôt fossile Marin)”, nos 27–29; the index (Tables) notes only no. 29 as having Pyrgodiscus kinkeri Tempère &amp; Peragallo, 1915: 54), BM Adams L 22! (“ F ̧r Jutland | 2.3.[19]15 | J. A. L.[ong]”).</p><p>ILLUSTRATION:— Desikachary et al. (1987: pl. 214, figs 1, 2, Indian Ocean sediments.</p><p>It has been suggested that this is a species of Omphalotheca jutlandica (e.g., Homann 1991: 131, taf. 53, figs 1–11 and taf. 53, figs 12–14 [“ Omphalotheca aff. jutlandica ”] and Chambers 1997: 265–6). A specimen from BM Adams L22 (“F̧r Jutland”, Figure 35) partially supports that view, but it is possibly a species of Trunculatus (cf., Truncatulus tortonicus in Suto 2006: figs 128–133).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C41E51FFCFFFE28BC8FBB4923DE9F0	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Williams, David M.;Sims, Pat A.	Williams, David M., Sims, Pat A. (2023): Notes on the diatom collection of the Natural History Museum, London (BM) VII: An account of some original specimens of Pyrgodiscus (Bacillariophyta) with notes on Stephanogonia (Bacillariophyta). Phytotaxa 589 (3): 213-229, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.589.3.1, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.589.3.1
