identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03C58797BE01292DFF57FA9CFA2CF65E.text	03C58797BE01292DFF57FA9CFA2CF65E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Globothorax	<div><p>Key to Brazilian species of Globothorax and Triplonychus</p><p>1. Prothorax with lateral sides strongly rounded (Fig. 54), mandibles with lateroventral margin curved 90o to apex (Fig. 76)................................................................................ 2 Globothorax Fleutiaux, 1891</p><p>- Prothorax with lateral sides subparallel to rounded (Figs. 3, 21), mandibles with lateroventral margin gradually (Fig. 74) or abruptly (Fig. 75) curved to apex................................................. 3 Triplonychus Candèze, 1860</p><p>2. Frontal carina present and produced, labrum semielliptical, posterior leg with trochanter convex, tibia slightly widened apicad with long and fine spiniform setae (Fig. 105–107)..................................... G. chevrolati Fleutiaux, 1891</p><p>- Frontal carina absent, labrum trapezoidal with apex acute, posterior leg with trochanter and femur strongly convex, tibia wide with short and stout spiniform setae (Fig. 88) (MT) (Figs. 50, 76, 104)............................ G. latidens sp. nov.</p><p>3 (1). Prothorax longer than wide............................................................................. 4</p><p>- Prothorax as wide as or wider than long.................................................................. 6</p><p>4 (3). Frontal carina strongly produced, mandibles tridentate........................................................ 5</p><p>- Frontal carina not produced, mandibles unidentate (MS) (Figs. 35, 75, 103)....................... T. tibialatus sp. nov.</p><p>5 (4). Pronotum with double punctation......................................................................... 7</p><p>- Pronotum with single punctation (PA, BA)......................................... T. ephipiger Eschscholtz, 1829</p><p>6 (3). Pronotum with double punctation....................................................................... 10</p><p>- Pronotum with single punctation......................................................................... 11</p><p>7 (5). Pronotum dark brown to black with a pair of longitudinal orange stripes (AM, PA, MT)........ T. plagiatus Erichson, 1846</p><p>- Prothorax brown to black without orange stripes............................................................ 8</p><p>8 (7). Elytra evenly brown or brown with anterior margin reddish-brown.............................................. 9</p><p>- Elytra brown with lateral and sutural edges dark brown to black (PA)....................... T. ventralis Candèze, 1860</p><p>9 (8). Elytra brown with humeral margin reddish-brown, interstices 3, 5, and 7 carinate at apex, legs yellowish with apex of femur, dorsal margin of tibiae and tarsi darker (BA, PE)...................................... T. longicollis Erichson, 1840</p><p>- Elytra evenly colored, interstices 3, 5, 7 not carinate, legs evenly yellowish (PA)................. T. fulvus Candèze, 1865</p><p>10 (6). Mandibles unidentate, meso- and metatibiae tibiae broadened, metafemur convex (MS) (Figs. 35, 75, 84, 85, 103).............................................................................................. T. tibialatus sp. nov.</p><p>- Mandibles tridentate, legs slender (PA)................................................... T. rufus Candèze, 1860</p><p>11 (6). Mandibles small, legs slender......................................................................... 12</p><p>- Mandibles large, metafemur broadened and convex, tibiae widened apicad (MA) (Figs. 20, 82, 102). T. crassifemoris sp. nov.</p><p>12 (11). Antenna reaching hind angles of prothorax, elytral interstices 3, 5 and 7 carinate at apex (PA).... T. costatus Candèze, 1860</p><p>- Antenna surpassing the hind angles of prothorax by two or three antennomeres, elytral interstices 3, 5 and 7 not carinate at apex (AM) (Figs. 101)................................................................ T. cruspinosus sp. nov.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C58797BE01292DFF57FA9CFA2CF65E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Rosa, Simone Policena	Rosa, Simone Policena (2011): New species of Triplonychus Candèze and Globothorax Fleutiaux from Brazil (Coleoptera, Elateridae, Cardiophorinae). Zootaxa 2831: 1-22, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.277308
03C58797BE02292AFF57FE43FBCBF480.text	03C58797BE02292AFF57FE43FBCBF480.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Triplonychus cruspinosus	<div><p>Triplonychus cruspinosus sp. nov.</p><p>(Figs. 1–14, 68–70, 74, 77–79, 89, 91, 95, 99, 101)</p><p>Etymology. From Latin, crus = leg; spinosus = spiny, alluding to the spinose legs of this species.</p><p>Diagnosis. Dorsal tegument evenly colored; antennae surpassing the hind angles of pronotum by two or three antennomeres (Fig. 101); pronotum wider than long with single well impressed punctation (Fig. 3); metacoxal plate triangular with posterior margin rounded (Fig. 7); legs slender, tibiae with rows of long spiniform setae on dorsal and ventral margin (Figs. 77–79).</p><p>Description. Male (Fig. 101). Body convex, densely covered with fine and short setae; setae light brown and semidecumbent to erect on dorsal surface, yellow and decumbent on ventral surface. Integument bright; head, pronotum and elytra yellow or light to dark brown, with antennae and legs yellow; ventral surface lighter than pronotum and elytra. Pronotal and elytral punctures darker than the surrounding area. A few entirely yellow specimens are probably teneral adults. Total length: 4.0–6.0 mm; elytra 2.5–2.7 times longer than prothorax; elytral base as wide as prothorax.</p><p>Head (Fig. 74). Frons concave; anterior margin carinate, rounded and produced. Frontoclypeal region steeply declivous to base of labrum and 2 times wider than long. Punctures smaller than those of pronotal disk, umbilicate, 0.5–1.0 diameter apart. Antenna (Fig. 1) surpassing the hind angles of pronotum at antennomere 8 or 9; antennomere 3 1.6–2.0 times longer than 2; 4 1.1–1.3 times longer than 3. Dorsal index of eye prominence 0.4. Labrum semielliptical, strongly punctate with short and long setae. Mandible (Fig. 2) short (only the tips superimpose each other) unidentate, evenly arcuate, with rows of small setae on mesobasal margin, a longitudinal short carina dorsally and a stouter and longer seta than the fine setae of the lateroventral margin. Maxilla (Fig. 68) with basistipe fused to medistipe (Fig. 69) with a long stout seta and a few fine short setae; galea triangular with long setae on outer angle and shorter, denser setae on inner angle. Labium (Fig. 70) with mentum trapezoidal with a few setae on posterior angles; prementum notched at anteromedian margin, lateroanterior angles rounded and produced; second labial palpomere with long spiniform setae apically; apical maxillary and labial palpomeres securiform.</p><p>Thorax. Prothorax (Figs. 3–4) about 1.2 times wider than long, lateral margins slightly rounded, carinate on the posterior 3/4. Pronotum convex, punctures on disk large 0.5–1.5 diameters apart, on anterior margin smaller 0.2– 1.0 diameter apart, on posterior margin very small 1–2 diameters apart. Pronotal hind angles flat, short, obliquely truncate; posterior margin between hind angle and median line with one or two short notches. Hypomera (Fig. 5) with punctation double; notosternal suture curved. Prosternum (Fig. 5) 1.3 times longer than wide, with punctures as large as those of pronotal disk, umbilicate, 1–3 diameters apart on the median region and 0.5–1.0 diameter apart on lateral margin. Prosternal process (Fig. 5) 2.1–2.5 times longer than coxal diameter with ventral surface of the posterior half nearly as wide as the dorsal surface and steeply sloping dorsad at apex (Fig. 4). Procoxal cavity closed. Scutellar shield (Fig. 95) pentagonal to cordiform with a short median notch on anterior margin, abruptly elevated above the level of mesoscutum (Fig. 99). Mesoventrite (Fig. 7) with posterior region inclined 45o above the level of anterior region; lateral lobes gradually and moderately narrowed apicad; mesoventral cavity widened up to anterior border of mesocoxae then abruptly convergent. Mesocoxal cavity oval, closed. Mesepisternum with a transverse carina near the anterior inner angle; anterior inner angle acute. Meso-metaventral suture weakly impressed. Metaventrite (Figs. 7, 8) with punctation double; metacoxal plate triangular with posterior margin rounded. Elytra (Fig. 91) slightly rounded or parallel-sided up to posterior 1/3 then tapering to apex; elytral striae each with 2 rows of punctures predominantly paired side by side; interstices 3, 5 and 7 more convex than 2, 4, 6 and 8 on apical region, slightly convex on anterior region; interstice 9 carinate on posterior 2/3. Legs (Figs. 77–79). Femur narrow, tibia slightly widened apicad, pilose, with rows of spiniform setae on dorsal and apical margin longer than the fine setae, tibial spurs stout about 0.5 as long as tarsomere 1; tarsomeres densely pilose with fine setae.</p><p>Abdomen (Fig. 6) rounded laterally; punctures fine, umbilicate, 0.5 diameter apart, denser on lateral margin. First ventrite 5.3–6.5 times longer on lateral border than at middle; last ventrite pentagonal. Tergite 8 (Fig. 9) evenly sclerotized, with a few long and stout setae on lateroposterior and posterior margins; anterior sclerotized border U-shaped emarginated. Sternite 8 (Fig. 10), pentagonal, evenly sclerotized, with short setae laterally and on apical region, apex narrow emarginated at middle. Sternite 9 (Fig. 11) with sides rounded tapering to apex; lateral and posterior borders sclerotized, anterior and median region translucent, apex with short and elongate setae. Tergite 9 (Fig. 12) with anterior margin sinuous, posterior lobes acute, tergite 10 (Fig. 12) semioval.</p><p>Aedeagus (Figs. 13, 14). Parameres with apex acute directed lateroventrad, without setae, articulated to penis by a transparent membrane. Penis with a ventral sclerite oval about 3.4 times longer than wide, basal struts 0.4 times as long as its total length, median region between basal struts with a triangular process; lateral margins tapering to rounded apex.</p><p>Type material. Holotype. [Brasil, Reserva Ducke, 26 Km NE Manaus, Barbosa, M.G.V.], [Plot A, malaise 1, DEZ/1995], [62], [0031799], male (INPA).</p><p>Paratypes. [Brasil, Reserva Ducke, 26 Km NE Manaus, Barbosa, M.G.V.], malaise trap, II.1995, 5 males (INPA), 2 males (MZUSP); IV.1995, 10 males (INPA), 7 males (MZUSP); V. 1995, 1 male (INPA); XI.1995, 4 males (INPA); XII.1995, 30 males (INPA), 12 males (MZUSP); I.1996, 8 males (INPA), 4 males (MZUSP). [Brasil: Amazonas, Reserva Ducke, 26 km NE Manaus, 28.II.1978, J. Arias &amp; A. Penny], 64 males (INPA), 24 males (MZUSP). [Brasil: Amazonas, AM 0 10, Km 26, Reserva Ducke, 7.II.1978, Jorge Arias coll.] 17 males (INPA), 12 males (MZUSP); 14. II.1978, 18 males (INPA), 4 males (MZUSP); 21. II.1978, 9 males (INPA).</p><p>Ocurrence. BRAZIL. Amazonas state: Manaus.</p><p>Remarks. Hundreds of male specimens were collected with malaise trap from November to May, with peak population in February at the height of the rainy season. No females have been collected.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C58797BE02292AFF57FE43FBCBF480	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Rosa, Simone Policena	Rosa, Simone Policena (2011): New species of Triplonychus Candèze and Globothorax Fleutiaux from Brazil (Coleoptera, Elateridae, Cardiophorinae). Zootaxa 2831: 1-22, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.277308
03C58797BE052927FF57FC7EFB05F115.text	03C58797BE052927FF57FC7EFB05F115.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Triplonychus crassifemoris	<div><p>Triplonychus crassifemoris sp. nov.</p><p>(Figs. 15–33, 80–82, 92, 96, 102)</p><p>Etymology. From Latin, crassus = fat, femoris = femur, alluding to the widened and convex posterior femur of this species.</p><p>Diagnosis. Pronotum wider than long with rounded sides (Fig. 21); antennae surpassing the hind angles by one antennomere; mandibles large (Fig. 17, 102); metacoxal plate triangular with posterior margin acute (Fig. 25); tibiae widened apicad, metafemur and metatrochanter strongly widened dorsoventrally and convex (Figs. 80–82).</p><p>Description. Male (Fig. 102). Body convex, densely covered with fine and short setae; setae yellow to light brown and semidecumbent to erect on dorsal surface, yellow and decumbent on ventral surface. Integument bright; evenly brown or with dorsal surface light brown to brown and ventral surface and legs lighter. Pronotal and elytral punctures not or slightly darker than the surrounding area. Total length: 6.0–7.0 mm; elytra 2.5–2.7 times longer than prothorax; elytral base 1.1 as wide as prothorax.</p><p>Head (Fig. 20). Frons shallowly concave; anterior margin carinate, rounded and produced; frontoclypeal region steeply declivous to base of labrum and 2 times wider than long. Punctures smaller than those of pronotal disk, umbilicate 0.5–1.0 diameter apart. Antenna (Fig. 15) surpassing the hind angles of pronotum at antennomere 10; antennomere 3 1.7 times longer than 2, subequal to the 4. Dorsal index of eye prominence 0.4–0.5. Labrum (Fig. 16) semielliptical, strongly punctate, with long setae, anterior margin rounded or emarginated. Mandible (Fig. 17) long (distal half superimpose each other) unidentate, evenly arcuate, with rows of small setae on anteromesal margin, a longitudinal short and narrow carina dorsally and a stout and longer seta than the fine setae of the lateroventral margin. Maxilla with basistipe fused to medistipe (Fig. 18), with a long stout seta and a few fine short setae; galea triangular with outer angle strongly produced and sparsely covered with long stout setae, inner angle with a short rectangular lobe densely covered with fine short setae. Labium (Fig. 19) with mentum with one seta on posterior angles; prementum notched at anteromedian margin, lateroanterior angles rounded and produced; second labial palpomere with spiniform setae apically; apical maxillary and labial palpomeres securiform.</p><p>Thorax. Prothorax (Figs. 21–23) about 1.2 times wider than long, lateral margins rounded, carinate on the posterior 3/4. Pronotum convex; punctures on disk large 0.5–1.5 diameters apart, on anterior margin smaller 0.0–0.5 diameter apart, on posterior margin very small 0.5–1.0 diameter apart. Pronotal hind angles flat, short, obliquely truncate; posterior margin between hind angle and median line with a very small notch. Hypomera (Fig. 23) with punctation double; notosternal suture nearly straight. Prosternum (Fig. 23) 1.0–1.1 times wider than long, with punctures smaller than those of pronotal disk, umbilicate, 1–2 diameters apart. Prosternal process (Fig. 23) 2.5 times longer than coxal diameter with ventral surface of the posterior half flattened laterally, gradually declivous posteriorly to coxae then steeply sloping dorsad at apex (Fig. 22). Procoxal cavities closed. Scutellar shield (Fig. 96) pentagonal to cordiform with a short median notch on anterior margin, abruptly elevated above the level of mesoscutum. Mesoventrite (Fig. 24) with posterior region inclined 45o above the level of anterior region; lateral lobes narrow and elongate; mesoventral cavity widened up to anterior border of mesocoxae than abruptly convergent. Mesocoxal cavity oval, closed. Mesepisternum with a weak transverse carina near the anterior inner angle; anterior inner angle rounded. Meso-metaventral suture impressed. Metaventrite (Figs. 24, 25) with punctuation double; metacoxal plate triangular with posterior margin acute. Elytra (Fig. 92) slightly rounded or parallel-sided up to posterior 1/3 then tapering to apex; elytral striae with 2 rows of punctures predominantly paired; interstices 3, 5 and 7 strongly convex on apical region; convex on anterior region; interstice 9 carinate on posterior 2/3. Legs (Figs. 80–82). Pro- and mesofemur slightly widened dorsoventrally, metafemur and metatrochanter strongly widened dorsoventrally and convex. Tibiae widened apicad with rows of long spiniform setae on dorsal and apical margin, tibial spurs stout about 0.5–0.7 times as long as tarsomere 1; tarsomeres densely pilose with fine setae.</p><p>Abdomen (Fig. 27) with sides rounded, punctation double denser on lateral margin. First ventrite 3.4 times longer on lateral border than at middle, hind angles of ventrites 1–4 acute, last ventrite pentagonal. Tergite 8 (Fig. 28) evenly sclerotized, densely covered with microsetae, with a few long and stout setae on lateroposterior and posterior margins; anterior sclerotized border U-shaped emarginated. Sternite 8 (Fig. 29) pentagonal, evenly sclerotized, with short setae lateroposteriorly, apex wide emarginate at middle. Sternite 9 (Fig.31) with sides subparallel or divergent posteriorly, abruptly convergent at apex; lateral and posterior margins sclerotized, anterior and median region translucent, apex with short and elongate setae. Tergite 9 (Fig. 30) with anterior margin nearly straight, posterior lobes acute; tergite 10 (Fig. 30) semioval.</p><p>Aedeagus (Figs. 32, 33). Parameres with apex narrow, rounded and slightly convergent with one or two setae, articulated to penis by transparent membrane. Penis with a ventral sclerite elliptical about 6 times longer than wide; basal struts about 0.5 times as long as its total length, median region between basal struts without process, lateral margins tapered to rounded apex.</p><p>Type material. Holotype. [Igarapé Gurupi-Una, Aldeia Araçu, MA, 50 Km E de Canindé, II.1966, Malkin col.] male (MZUSP).</p><p>Paratypes. Same label as the holotype, 6 males (MZUSP).</p><p>Occurrence. BRAZIL. Maranhão state: 46o28’48”W, 2o33’36”S (Rocha &amp; Cancello, 2007)</p><p>Discussion. Triplonychus cruspinosus sp. nov. and T. crassifemoris sp. nov. are similar to the species of the second group listed by Schwarz (1906) by their pronotum “not longer than wide” and also defined by Candèze (1860) as species with prothorax as wide as long. Both species have pronotum a little wider than long. T. cruspinosus sp. nov. is most similar to T. costatus Candèze, 1860, from Pará state, differing from it in its color pattern, longer antennae and elytral interstices 3, 5, and 7 convex, not carinate. Triplonychus crassifemoris sp. nov. has elytra similar to the T. cruspinosus but is distinguishable from it and other species in Schwarz’s second group by its longer mandible, convex and widened metatrochanter and metafemur and widened apicad tibiae. Both species bear a ventral sclerite on the penis and scutellar shield with a short median notch on anterior margin.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C58797BE052927FF57FC7EFB05F115	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Rosa, Simone Policena	Rosa, Simone Policena (2011): New species of Triplonychus Candèze and Globothorax Fleutiaux from Brazil (Coleoptera, Elateridae, Cardiophorinae). Zootaxa 2831: 1-22, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.277308
03C58797BE082923FF57F90CFAF1F3A3.text	03C58797BE082923FF57F90CFAF1F3A3.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Triplonychus tibialatus	<div><p>Triplonychus tibialatus sp. nov.</p><p>(Figs. 34–48, 71–73, 75, 83–85, 93, 97, 103)</p><p>Etymology. From Latin, tibia = tibia; latus = broad, alluding to the broadened tibiae of this species.</p><p>Diagnosis. Anterior margin of frons carinate, nearly straight, not produced (Fig. 75); mandibles large, unidentate (Fig. 35); pronotum 1.0–1.1 times longer than wide with punctation double (Fig. 36); prosternum with a pair of lateral spiniform projections on anterior margin (Fig. 38), prosternal process curved dorsad (Fig. 37); metacoxal plate short (Fig. 41); ninth elytral interstice entirely carinate (Fig. 93); metatrochanter and metafemur convex; meso- and metatibiae broadened with dorsal margin curved ventrad, outer surface densely covered with stout spiniform setae (Figs. 84–85).</p><p>Description. Male (Fig. 103). Body convex, densely covered with fine and short setae; setae yellowish and decumbent. Integument bright; head and pronotum evenly light yellowish-brown or light brown to brown, elytra lighter with basal margin yellow. Light brown specimens with pronotal and elytral punctures slightly darker than the surrounding area. Total length: 7.0–8.0 mm; elytra 2.6–2.7 times longer than prothorax; elytral base as wide as prothorax.</p><p>Head (Fig. 75). Frons usually concave, anterior margin carinate and nearly straight, frontoclypeal region steeply declivous to base of labrum and about 2 times wider than long. Punctures smaller than the larger punctures of pronotum, umbilicate 0.5–1.0 diameter apart. Antenna (Fig. 34) surpassing the hind angles of pronotum at antennomere 11; antennomere 3 1.7 times longer than 2, subequal to the 4. Dorsal index of eye prominence 0.4. Labrum semielliptical, transversely convex with distal half strongly punctate with long setae, basal half smooth. Mandibles (Fig. 35) large (distal third superimpose each other), lateroventral margin slightly expanded laterad then abruptly curved to apex, unidentate; mesobasal margin with a small translucent area covered with microsetae, dorsal surface with a longitudinal short and narrow carina. Maxillae (Figs 71, 72) with basistipe partly fused to medistipe, with a long stout seta and several fine, short setae; galea oval, densely setose. Labium (Fig. 73) with mentum rectangular or trapezoidal, densely setose on posterior angles; prementum slightly emarginate at anteromedian margin, lateroanterior angles weakly produced; second labial palpomere with stout setae apically; apical maxillary and labial palpomeres securiform.</p><p>Thorax. Prothorax (Figs. 36–38) 1.0–1.1 times longer than wide, lateral margins rounded, carinate on posterior 1/2 to 3/5. Pronotum convex evenly punctate with punctation double, larger punctures 1–2 diameters apart. Pronotal hind angles acute, parallel to slightly divergent; posterior margin between hind angle and median line with a very small notch. Hypomera (Fig. 38) with punctation double; notosternal suture curved. Prosternum (Fig. 38) about 1.4 times longer than wide, with a pair of spiniform short projections on anterior margin; median longitudinal area smooth, remaining area with punctation double, larger punctures smaller than the pronotal large punctures, 1– 3 diameters apart, denser on lateral borders. Prosternal process 2.2 times longer than coxal diameter with dorsal surface posteriorly to coxae flattened laterally and strongly curved dorsad up to apex or steeply sloping dorsad near the apex. Procoxal cavities closed. Scutellar shield (Fig. 97) cordiform, elevated about 45o above the level of mesoscutum. Mesoventrite (Fig. 40) with posterior region inclined 45o above the level of anterior region; mesoventral cavity widened up to anterior border of mesocoxae than abruptly convergent. Mesocoxal cavity oval, closed. Mesepisternum with anterior inner angle acute. Meso-metaventral suture absent or weakly impressed. Metaventrite (Figs. 40, 41) with punctuation double; metacoxal plate short with posterior margin rounded, decreasing in length gradually outwards. Elytra (Fig. 93) tapering from base to apex; elytral striae with 2–4 irregular rows of small and large punctures; interstices 2–8 convex on apical region; flattened on anterior region; interstice 9 entirely carinate. Legs (Fig. 83–85). Pro- and mesofemur convex, metafemur strongly convex. Tibiae widened apicad, meso- and metatibiae with dorsal margin curved ventrad; tibiae with spiniform setae on dorsal and apical margin, metatibiae with stout spiniform setae on outer surface shorter and wider than the dorsal ones; tibial spurs less than 0.5 times as long as tarsomere 1; tarsomeres densely covered with fine and spiniform setae.</p><p>Abdomen (Fig. 39) tapered from base to apex, with punctation double, denser on lateral margin. First ventrite 3.7 times longer on lateral border than at middle, hind angles of ventrites 1–4 acute, last ventrite subpentagonal. Tergite 8 (Fig. 43) evenly sclerotized, densely covered with microsetae, with several short setae on lateroposterior and posterior margins, anterior sclerotized border V-shaped emarginated. Sternite 8 (Fig. 44), pentagonal, with two rounded membranous areas medially and short setae lateroposteriorly; apex inverted U-shaped notched. Sternite 9 (Fig. 45) tapering to apex, median anterior margin membranous, anterior median half translucent, apex with short and elongate setae. Tergite 9 (Fig. 46) with anterior margin nearly straight, posterior lobes acute, tergite 10 (Fig. 46) semioval.</p><p>Aedeagus (Figs. 47, 48). Parameres with apex abruptly flattened laterally with two setae, articulated to penis by a transparent membrane. Penis with basal struts about 0.5 times as long as its total length, median region between basal struts with a short process, lateral sides posterior to basal struts rounded then parallel up to apex; ventral sclerite absent.</p><p>Type material. Holotype. [BR-MS-Três Lagoas, International Paper, Horto Rio Verde, Black light FIT, Eucalyptus grandis stand, Flechtmann, C. A. H. col., 08/XII/1994], [C1945], [CRELAT028], male (MZUSP).</p><p>Paratypes. Same labels as the holotype, 1 male (UNESP). [BR-MS-Três Lagoas, International Paper, Horto Rio Verde, Black light FIT, Eucalyptus grandis stand, Flechtmann, C. A. H. col., II/1995], [C821], [CRELAT089], 1 male (MZUSP). [BR-MS-Três Lagoas, International Paper, Horto Rio Verde, Black light FIT, Eucalyptus grandis stand, Flechtmann, C. A. H. col., 11/II/1995], [C821], [CRELAT089], 1 male (MZUSP). [BR-MS-Três Lagoas, International Paper, Horto Rio Verde, Black light FIT, Eucalyptus grandis stand, Flechtmann, C. A. H. col., 08/XII/ 1994], [C1944], [CRELAT030], 1 male (MZUSP). Same labels, 1 male (dismembered) (MZUSP). [BR-MS-Três Lagoas, International Paper, Horto Rio Verde, Black light FIT, Eucalyptus grandis stand, Flechtmann, C. A. H. col., 14/XII/1993], [C819], [CRELAT090], 1 male (UNESP).</p><p>Ocurrence. BRAZIL. Mato Grosso do Sul state: Três Lagoas.</p><p>Remarks. The specimens available are poorly preserved. All have some legs broken and incomplete antennae; therefore, the relative length of the antennae is an approximation based on length of the antennomeres 1–9 (Fig. 34).</p><p>Discussion. Triplonychus tibialatus sp. nov. is similar to T. longicollis Erichson 1829 and T. ventralis Candèze, 1860 by the double punctation on pronotum, ninth elytral interstice entirely carinate, and abdomen and elytra tapering from base to apex. Triplonychus tibialatus sp. nov. differs from these species mainly in its pronotal and leg shapes, frontal carina not produced, mandible unidentate, prosternal process curved dorsad, mesoventrite less inclined anteriorly and shorter metacoxal plate.</p><p>All Triplonychus species described herein bear ninth elytral interstice carinate, elytral striae with 2–4 regular or irregular rows of punctures and tricuspid claws. Those characteristics are diagnostic for the genus as well as the shape of elytra, tapering from base to apex (Candèze, 1860). However, only T. tibialatus sp. nov. exhibits elytra tapering from base to apex.</p><p>Triplonychus cruspinosus sp. nov., T. crassifemoris sp. nov. and Globothorax latidens sp. nov. posses similar wings, with vestigial r4, anal notch, two sclerotizations on apical region, CuA1 and basal spur of the MP3+4 absent and cross vein between MP3+4 and MP1+2 indistinct (Fig. 59). Triplonychus tibialatus sp. nov. differs from these species in the CuA2, which seems to split in two branches near the margin and in having an incomplete cross vein between MP3+4 and MP1+2 and a distinct basal spur in the MP3+4 (Fig. 42); these feature were observed in two dissected specimens in both right and left wings. All these species have the metanotum (Fig. 26) with the prescutum separated medially from the scutum by a median membranous area and the posterior part of the scutellum with a longitudinal apodema. They also have an inverted V-shaped notch on posterior margin of the hypomera (Figs. 4, 5) near the hind angle and the tarsal claws with two apical acute teeth and a basal truncate tooth (Figs. 89, 90)</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C58797BE082923FF57F90CFAF1F3A3	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Rosa, Simone Policena	Rosa, Simone Policena (2011): New species of Triplonychus Candèze and Globothorax Fleutiaux from Brazil (Coleoptera, Elateridae, Cardiophorinae). Zootaxa 2831: 1-22, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.277308
03C58797BE0C293BFF57FB52FDECF23E.text	03C58797BE0C293BFF57FB52FDECF23E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Globothorax latidens	<div><p>Globothorax latidens sp. nov.</p><p>(Figs. 49–67, 76, 86–88, 90, 94, 98, 100, 104)</p><p>Etymology. From Latin, latus = broad, dens = dente, alluding to the large mandible of this species.</p><p>Diagnosis. Small size (3.5–7.0 mm long), mandibles large curved 90o to the apex (Fig. 51); labrum pentagonal acute at apex (Fig. 50), anterior margin of frons not carinate (Fig. 76); antenna surpassing the hind angles by 2–3 antennomeres; prothorax with sides strongly rounded (Fig. 54); mesocoxae open to mesepimeron and mesepisternum (Fig. 56); elytral striae with 3–4 irregular rows of punctures, ninth elytral interstice costiform at apex (Fig. 94); meso- and metatibiae convex with inner surface curved to the body, dorsal margin widened and curved ventrad, outer surface densely covered with stout and short spiniform setae (Figs. 87–88).</p><p>Description. Male (Fig. 104). Body convex, densely covered with fine and very short setae; setae yellowish and decumbent. Integument bright; evenly yellow ochre with mandibular tips darker or with dorsal surface yellow ochre to brown and ventral surface, legs and antennae lighter or with head and pronotum light to dark brown and elytra, ventral surface, legs and antennae light brown. Total length: 3.5–7.0 mm; elytra 2.9–3.1 times longer than prothorax; elytral base 1.0–1.1 times as wide as prothorax.</p><p>Head (Fig. 76). Base of head with a convex, smooth and bright area (Fig. 104); frons convex, anterior margin not carinate, straight, frontoclypeal region steeply declivous then about 45o inclined to base of labrum and 2.3–2.5 times wider than long. Punctures larger than the large punctures of pronotum, about 0.5 diameter apart. Antennal insertions lateral, visible from above. Antenna (Fig. 49) serrate from antennomere 3, surpassing the hind angles of pronotum at antennomere 8 or 9; antennomere 3 1.7 times longer than 2, 4 1.4 times longer than 3. Dorsal index of eye prominence 0.4. Labrum (Fig. 50) triangular or pentagonal with apex acute about 2 times wider than long with posterior margin fringed by long and wide setae, dorsal surface scarcely punctate with long and fine setae.</p><p>Mandible (Figs 51, 76) large with basal half narrow, lateral margin expanded laterally and curved 90o to the apex, unidentate; mesobasal margin with a small translucent area covered with microsetae, dorsal surface with a longitudinal very narrow carina. Maxilla (Fig. 53) with basistipe partly fused to medistipe, with a long stout seta and several finer, short setae; galea oval, densely setose; palpi long with short fine setae and longer stout setae. Labium (Fig. 52) with mentum rectangular to trapezoidal, densely setose on posterior angles; prementum longer than wide, emarginated on anteromedian margin, lateroanterior angles rounded, not produced, palpi long with several stout setae. Apical maxillary and labial palpomere securiform slightly constricted near apex.</p><p>Thorax. Prothorax (Figs. 54–56) 1.1–1.2 times wider than long, lateral margins strongly rounded, carinate on posterior 2/3 to 3/4. Pronotum convex with anteromedian margin produced forwards; homogeneously punctate, punctation double, smaller punctures predominant 0.5–1.0 diameters apart, larger punctures sparse and a little larger than the small punctures. Pronotal hind angles acute and narrow, slightly divergent. Hypomera (Fig. 56) with punctation double; notosternal suture straight. Prosternum (Fig. 56) about 1.4 times wider than long, homogenously punctate, punctation double. Prosternal process 2.3 times longer than coxal diameter, narrow, ventral surface posteriorly to coxae inclined 45o straight to apex (Fig. 55). Procoxal cavities open. Scutellar shield (Fig. 98) cordiform, gradually elevated above the level of mesoscutum (Fig. 100). Mesoventrite (Figs 57, 58) with apex narrow and long; edges of mesoventral cavity with anterior 1/3 higher and steeply declivous to posterior 2/3; posterior 2/3 gradually inclined 30o above the level of anterior region; mesoventral cavity parallel on anterior 1/3 then widened, rounded and convergent to apex. Mesocoxal cavity oval, open to mesepimeron and mesepisternum. Mesepisternum without transverse carina near the anterior inner angle; anterior inner angle rounded. Meso-metaventral suture impressed. Metaventrite with punctation double; metacoxal plate absent or very short decreasing in length laterad, reduced to a line on outer 3/4. Elytral striae (Fig. 94) with 3–4 irregular rows of small punctures, rows of adjacent striae continuous on basal, sutural and lateral regions; interstices 2–8 convex on apical region; flattened on anterior region; interstice 9 costiform at apex. Legs (Figs. 86–88). Metatrochanter and metafemur strongly convex, metatrochanter widened dorsoventrally. Protibia widened apicad, dorsal and apical margins with rows of stout and short spiniform setae, outer surface subglabrous or sparsely covered with fine setae; mesotibiae convex with inner surface curved to the body, dorsal margin expanded and rounded, dorsal and outer surfaces densely covered with stout and short spiniform setae; metatibiae convex with inner surface curved to the body, dorsal margin strongly expanded and rounded; dorsal and outer surfaces densely covered with stout and short spiniform setae. Tibial spurs about 0.5–0.7 as long as tarsomere 1; tarsomeres simple, sparsely covered with fine and spiniform setae.</p><p>Abdomen (Fig. 60) tapered from base to apex, with punctures umbilicate increasing in diameter from the ventrite 1 to 5, 1–2 diameters apart. Ventrite 1 4.3 times longer on lateral border than at middle, hind angles of ventrites 1–2 right, 3–4 acute, ventrite 5 triangular or pentagonal with apex acute and produced. Tergite 8 (Fig. 61) evenly sclerotized, densely covered with microsetae, with several short setae on lateroposterior and posterior margins, anterior sclerotized border V-shaped emarginated. Sternite 8 (Fig. 62) pentagonal, with two rounded membranous areas anteriorly and short and long setae lateroposteriorly; apex inverted V-shaped notched. Sternite 9 (Fig. 64) parallel-sided, gradually tapering at apex, median anterior margin membranous, anterior median half translucent, apical region with short and elongate setae. Tergite 9 (Fig. 63) with anterior margin nearly straight, posterior lobes rounded laterally, tergite 10 (Fig. 63) suboval.</p><p>Aedeagus (Figs. 65–67). Parameres gradually narrowed to apex, apex flattened laterally with two setae and a membranous oblong area on ventral inner surface, articulated to penis by a transparent membrane. Penis with basal struts 0.5 times as long as its total length, median region between basal struts with a process, lateral sides posteriorly to basal struts rounded then abruptly narrowed and tapering to apex; ventral sclerite absent.</p><p>Type material. Holotype. [Cuiabá-MT, Faz. Mutuca, vale do R. Mutuca 4–11.X.2008, interceptação, J. R. M. Rocha, A. L. Silva &amp; F. H. Gava col], male (MZUSP).</p><p>Paratypes. Same label as the holotype, 200 males (MZUSP), 20 males (UFMT). Idem, but 25.X.2008 52 males (MZUSP); 29.XI–6. XII.2008 9 males (MZUSP).</p><p>Ocurrence. BRAZIL. Mato Grosso state: Cuiabá.</p><p>Remarks. Thousands of male specimens of Globothorax latidens sp. nov. were collected from October to December with flight interception traps (FIT) with peak population in early October at the beginning of the rainy season. No females have been collected.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C58797BE0C293BFF57FB52FDECF23E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Rosa, Simone Policena	Rosa, Simone Policena (2011): New species of Triplonychus Candèze and Globothorax Fleutiaux from Brazil (Coleoptera, Elateridae, Cardiophorinae). Zootaxa 2831: 1-22, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.277308
