taxonID	type	description	language	source
03C2B02DFFF1FFF66581FDABFD0AFEB4.taxon	description	(Figs 1 – 4, 7) urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 569581 CD- 3 A 05 - 4 A 1 C- 8308 - 897 C 35330441	en	Shamshev, Igor V., Barták, Miroslav (2019): New and little-known species of Empis (Diptera: Empididae) from Bulgaria, Israel and Turkey, with keys to the Palaearctic Pachymeria and the Mediterranean Xanthempis. Zootaxa 4555 (1): 91-100, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4555.1.7
03C2B02DFFF1FFF66581FDABFD0AFEB4.taxon	materials_examined	Type material. HOLOTYPE, ♂ labelled: “ Turkey, Bolu pr., Kartalkaya / env. (40.642 N 31.763 E) 1480 m / 16 – 18. vi. 2010, N. Vikhrev ”; “ Empis (Pachymeria) / vikhrevi Shamshev et Barták, sp. n. [red label] ” (ZMUM). PARATYPES: TURKEY: same data as holotype (1 ♀ ZMUM, 1 ♂ and 1 ♀ ZIN). BULGARIA: Pirin Mountains, 6 km SE of Bansko, 1300 – 1600 m, 41 ° 47´N 23 ° 29´E, forest, 1. vii. 2016, Barták, Kubík (1 ♂, 4 ♀, CULSP).	en	Shamshev, Igor V., Barták, Miroslav (2019): New and little-known species of Empis (Diptera: Empididae) from Bulgaria, Israel and Turkey, with keys to the Palaearctic Pachymeria and the Mediterranean Xanthempis. Zootaxa 4555 (1): 91-100, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4555.1.7
03C2B02DFFF1FFF66581FDABFD0AFEB4.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Light grey pollinose species with dichoptic eyes in both sexes, antennal postpedicel largely reddish yellow; palpus yellow; thorax with black setation only, scutum densely brownish grey pollinose with faint black vittae beneath rows of acrostichal and dorsocentral setae; legs yellow to brownish yellow (except blackish coxae). Male: hind femur only slightly thickened, hind tibia slender throughout; abdomen densely light grey pollinose. Female: hind femur distinctly thickened, hind tibia thickened on basal part; abdominal tergites densely silvery white pollinose.	en	Shamshev, Igor V., Barták, Miroslav (2019): New and little-known species of Empis (Diptera: Empididae) from Bulgaria, Israel and Turkey, with keys to the Palaearctic Pachymeria and the Mediterranean Xanthempis. Zootaxa 4555 (1): 91-100, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4555.1.7
03C2B02DFFF1FFF66581FDABFD0AFEB4.taxon	description	Description. Male (Fig. 1). Body length 4.3 – 5.6 mm; wing length 6.1 – 6.9 mm. Head black. Eyes dichoptic, ommatidia of equal size. Frons narrow above, broadened below, in narrowest part about twice as broad as anterior ocellus; with scattered minute marginal setulae, entirely densely light grey pollinose. Face wide, almost parallelsided, concolourous with frons, bare; clypeus subshiny. Occiput and ocellar tubercle concolourous with frons; occiput covered with numerous, moderately long, black thin setae; ocellar tubercle with 2 similar setae and several setulae. Antenna with scape rather brownish, pedicel reddish brown (paler on extreme apex), postpedicel largely reddish yellow (brownish on narrowed apical part), stylus dark brown; scape about 2 x longer than pedicel, both with short black setulae; postpedicel short, nearly 2 x longer than wide, deeply concave on subapical part ventrally; stylus about half as long as postpedicel. Proboscis long, labrum nearly 2 x as long as head height; palpus short, yellow, with scattered black setulae. Thorax black, densely light grey pollinose (except noted); with black setation only; scutum densely brownish grey pollinose; in dorsal view with faint black vittae beneath rows of acrostichal and dorsocentral setae (rather brownish in anterior view). Prosternum with scattered short black setae separated by broad bare space from lower proepisternal setae. Proepisternum with 3 – 5 similar setae on lower and upper parts. Antepronotum with 8 – 9 setae of different lengths on each side. Postpronotal lobe with 1 long and numerous short setae. Mesonotal setation: 2 presutural supra-alars (posterior longer), 4 – 5 notopleurals (3 posterior longer), 2 postsutural supra-alars (posterior much longer), 1 very long postalar, 4 subequally long scutellars, some additional setulae present on supra-alar face and on notopleuron; acrostichals arranged in 2 close rows, short, lateroclinate, lacking on prescutellar depression; dorsocentrals arranged in 2 irregular rows, short and lateroclinate before suture, uniserial and long in front of scutellum, flanked with 1 long seta (intra-alar) and several setulae anteriorly. Laterotergite with numerous setae. Anterior and posterior spiracles pale yellow. Leg colour: coxae concolourous with mesopleuron; fore and mid trochanters brownish yellow, hind trochanter brownish; fore femur broadly brownish yellow leaving extreme base and subapical part yellow, fore and mid tibiae narrowly brownish yellow on apex, fore basitarsus brownish on apex, tarsomeres 2 – 4 of all legs extensively brownish (except extreme basal part), tarsomere 5 entirely brown, otherwise legs yellow. Coxae and trochanters with rather sparse black setae. Fore femur with short thin anteroventral and posteroventral setae, similar somewhat longer setae anteriorly and posteriorly on subapical part. Fore tibia with somewhat longer posteroventral setulae throughout, without prominent strong setae (except circlet of moderately long subapicals). Fore basitarsus slender, with 2 – 3 spine-like anteroventral setae of different lengths near base (besides circlet of subapicals), otherwise covered with simple setulae, tarsomere 5 nearly as long as tarsomeres 3 – 4 combined. Mid femur with rows of numerous short thin anteroventral and longer, stronger posteroventral setae. Mid tibia with 5 moderately long anterodorsal, 4 similar posterodorsal and 4 – 5 posteroventral setae (besides circlet of subapical setae). Mid basitarsus with 2 short anteroventral setae on apical part (besides circlet of subapicals), tarsomere 5 nearly as long as tarsomeres 3 – 4 combined. Hind femur at middle only slightly broader than fore femur; covered with dense short black setulae ventrally, bearing 5 moderately long anterodorsal setae on apical part, bare anteriorly. Hind tibia slender, nearly as broad as mid tibia, pubescent with dense dark erect minute setulae ventrally, with 5 – 6 short dorsal setae (besides circlet of subapicals); no seta in “ comb ” at tip behind. Hind basitarsus slender, with some short spine-like setae ventrally; tarsomere 5 nearly 1.5 x shorter than tarsomeres 3 – 4 combined. Claws of fore and mid legs very long and longer than claw of hind leg; claws of all legs largely reddish, blackish apically. Wing membrane hyaline; veins brown (except yellowish brown near extreme base of wing). Pterostigma faint, yellowish, narrow. Basal costal seta long, black. Veins R 5 and M 1 strongly divergent on subapical part; radial fork acute. Anal angle very acute, subsequently anal lobe well developed. Calypter pale yellow, pale fringed. Halter yellow. Abdomen black, densely light grey pollinose, with only black setation; tergites covered with rather sparse thin setae, longer on tergites 1 – 2 laterally, bearing long posteromarginal setae. Terminalia (Figs 3, 4) small; epandrial lamella and cercus contrastingly dark brown; epandrial lamella rather rhomboid, with lower posterior angle more acute and somewhat produced downwards; faintly tomentose, with black setation, longer setae on lower part; cercus small, clothed in dark setulae; phallus partly exposed, brownish yellow, thin, evenly curved; hypandrium non-visible in situ, reduced to two lateral arms. Female (Fig. 2). Body length 5.8 – 6.7 mm; wing length 6.3 – 6.6 mm. Similar to male except as follows: Frons broad, parallel-sided. Occipital setae somewhat sparser and stronger. All femora brownish dorsally on basal part; fore tibia with rows of short anterodorsal and posterodorsal setae, also bearing row of several short posteroventral setae, fore basitarsus with several spine-like setae ventrally, fore tarsomere 5 shorter than tarsomeres 3 and 4 combined; mid femur with sparse anteroventral and posteroventral setae, setae minute on subapical part and longer towards base; mid tibia with more numerous and stronger setae arranged in almost regular double dorsal and ventral rows; mid basitarsus with several spine-like setae ventrally; mid tarsomere 5 shorter than tarsomeres 3 and 4 combined; hind femur thickened on about middle, bare ventrally, only with row of short, sparse spine-like anteroventral setae on about apical 2 / 3; hind tibia thickened on basal part, with ventral pubescence only on middle part, bearing 3 – 4 very short anterodorsal setae (1 – 2 near apex and 2 near base), 4 – 5 longer posterodorsal setae spread more or less regularly, 2 – 3 short anteroventral setae near apex and 3 – 4 very short anteroventral setae near base (number variable, sometimes even on right and left legs); hind basitarsus with several spine-like setae ventrally; claws of all legs of equal lengths. Abdominal tergites 2 – 6 densely silvery white pollinose, tergite 1 entirely, tergite 7 posteriorly, sternites 1 – 6 entirely and sternite 7 posteriorly densely light grey pollinose; segment 8 contrastingly dark brown, shiny, except tergite 8 faintly greyish pollinose posteriorly. Abdominal tergite 1 with some moderately long setae, otherwise abdomen covered with scattered minute black setulae; cercus concolourous with segment 8, short, covered with black setulae.	en	Shamshev, Igor V., Barták, Miroslav (2019): New and little-known species of Empis (Diptera: Empididae) from Bulgaria, Israel and Turkey, with keys to the Palaearctic Pachymeria and the Mediterranean Xanthempis. Zootaxa 4555 (1): 91-100, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4555.1.7
03C2B02DFFF1FFF66581FDABFD0AFEB4.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The new species is named in honour of the collector of the holotype, Russian dipterist Nikita Vikhrev (Moscow), who kindly provided his very interesting specimens used in this study.	en	Shamshev, Igor V., Barták, Miroslav (2019): New and little-known species of Empis (Diptera: Empididae) from Bulgaria, Israel and Turkey, with keys to the Palaearctic Pachymeria and the Mediterranean Xanthempis. Zootaxa 4555 (1): 91-100, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4555.1.7
03C2B02DFFF1FFF66581FDABFD0AFEB4.taxon	diagnosis	Differential diagnosis. Empis vikhrevi sp. nov. is similar to E. tumida Meigen and its allies (Shamshev 2018). The new species differs from all species of Pachymeria by extensively reddish yellow postpedicel of the antenna in both sexes. Like some other species of Pachymeria, females of E. vikhrevi sp. nov. can be even more readily distinguished by an unique combination (besides reddish yellow postpedicel) of the hind femur thickened near mid-length, the hind tibia thickened on basal part, and the densely silvery white pollinosity on abdominal tergites 2 – 6. The new species could be E. ruficornis (Loew), which is an unrecognised species of either Pachymeria, or Polyblepharis Bezzi possessing red antennae (see discussion in Chvála 1999: 197). Loew described this species in Pachymeria from south-eastern Europe (“ Bessarabia ”). However, he (Loew 1864: 366) notes that in E. ruficornis the abdomen is rather shiny black, the laterotergite bears black and pale yellow setae, the wing veins are yellowish and the body is about 11 mm.	en	Shamshev, Igor V., Barták, Miroslav (2019): New and little-known species of Empis (Diptera: Empididae) from Bulgaria, Israel and Turkey, with keys to the Palaearctic Pachymeria and the Mediterranean Xanthempis. Zootaxa 4555 (1): 91-100, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4555.1.7
03C2B02DFFF1FFF66581FDABFD0AFEB4.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Palaearctic: Bulgaria, Turkey (Fig. 7). Habitat and seasonal occurrence. According to the label data, the new species occurs in mountainous areas (1300 – 1480 m), like several other species of Pachymeria; dates of collecting refer to the second half of June.	en	Shamshev, Igor V., Barták, Miroslav (2019): New and little-known species of Empis (Diptera: Empididae) from Bulgaria, Israel and Turkey, with keys to the Palaearctic Pachymeria and the Mediterranean Xanthempis. Zootaxa 4555 (1): 91-100, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4555.1.7
03C2B02DFFF1FFF66581FDABFD0AFEB4.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Two species of Pachymeria are known now from Bulgaria (Kanavalová et al. 2018) and five species from Turkey (Çiftçi & Hasbenli 2007 a, 2013).	en	Shamshev, Igor V., Barták, Miroslav (2019): New and little-known species of Empis (Diptera: Empididae) from Bulgaria, Israel and Turkey, with keys to the Palaearctic Pachymeria and the Mediterranean Xanthempis. Zootaxa 4555 (1): 91-100, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4555.1.7
03C2B02DFFF4FFF46581F8CFFD36FCA8.taxon	description	(Figs 5, 6) urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 1 CB 35111 - B 87 C- 4 EC 9 - B 6 BA- 3 B 40 B 072348 C	en	Shamshev, Igor V., Barták, Miroslav (2019): New and little-known species of Empis (Diptera: Empididae) from Bulgaria, Israel and Turkey, with keys to the Palaearctic Pachymeria and the Mediterranean Xanthempis. Zootaxa 4555 (1): 91-100, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4555.1.7
03C2B02DFFF4FFF46581F8CFFD36FCA8.taxon	materials_examined	Type material. HOLOTYPE, ♂ labelled: “ TR [= TURKEY]: Adana Province / Yumurtalik county, / 36 ° 44´N, 35 ° 37´E / 12. – 17. iv. 2007, 10 m ” (CULSP). PARATYPES: same data as holotype (1 ♂, 2 ♀, CULSP; 1 ♂, ZIN).	en	Shamshev, Igor V., Barták, Miroslav (2019): New and little-known species of Empis (Diptera: Empididae) from Bulgaria, Israel and Turkey, with keys to the Palaearctic Pachymeria and the Mediterranean Xanthempis. Zootaxa 4555 (1): 91-100, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4555.1.7
03C2B02DFFF4FFF46581F8CFFD36FCA8.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Occiput indistinctly brownish yellow on upper part; antenna with scape and pedicel brownish yellow; mesoscutum with narrow brownish median vitta, anterior spiracle yellow, 1 postsutural supra-alar seta; abdomen entirely yellow, hypandrium with numerous thin setae apically.	en	Shamshev, Igor V., Barták, Miroslav (2019): New and little-known species of Empis (Diptera: Empididae) from Bulgaria, Israel and Turkey, with keys to the Palaearctic Pachymeria and the Mediterranean Xanthempis. Zootaxa 4555 (1): 91-100, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4555.1.7
03C2B02DFFF4FFF46581F8CFFD36FCA8.taxon	description	Description. Male (Fig. 5). Body 5.2 mm, wing 6.0 – 6.2 mm. Head extensively yellow, greyish pollinose, with black setation; ocellar tubercle brownish, occiput rather indistinctly broadly brownish yellow on upper part behind ocellar tubercle. Ocellar setae missing. Occiput with transverse row of longer setae above neck, 2 pairs of similar setae behind ocellar tubercle laterally and numerous short setae on upper part medially, postoculars minute. Antenna with scape and pedicel brownish yellow, postpedicel and stylus black; scape elongate, about 4 x longer than wide; postpedicel 5 – 5.5 x longer that wide near base; stylus one third as long as postpedicel. Proboscis with labrum yellow (except brownish tip), 2 x head height; palpus yellow, whitish pubescent, with several dark setulae. Thorax almost entirely yellow, only mesoscutum with median narrow brownish vitta occupying about 1 / 3 of space between rows of dorsocentrals and disappearing before prescutellar depression; with black setation. Prosternum bare. Proepisternum with several dark minute setulae. Antepronotum bilobed, with 8 – 10 setae of different lengths on each side. Postpronotal lobe with 1 long and several short setae. Mesonotum with 1 presutural intra-alar, 1 presutural supra-alar, 1 long and 1 – 2 short notopleurals, 1 postsutural supra-alar, 1 postalar, 2 scutellars; additionally, notopleuron with several setulae anteriorly; acrostichals present or absent; dorsocentrals more or less uniserial. Laterotergite with 6 – 7 setae of different lengths. Anterior and posterior spiracles yellow. Legs long, slender, almost entirely yellow, only tarsomeres 5 brown; with black setation. Fore femur bare ventrally; fore tibia with 3 dorsal setae (as long or slightly shorter than tibia diameter). Mid and hind femora covered with dense setulae ventrally, hind femur slender throughout; mid and hind tibiae without prominent setae (except circlet of short subapicals), 1 short but distinct seta in comb at tip of hind tibia. All tarsomeres unmodified, covered with simple setulae (except circlet of somewhat longer subapicals). Wing membrane hyaline; veins somewhat yellowish at base, otherwise brownish, complete (except Sc), well sclerotised. Stigma indistinct, brownish yellow to yellow. Anal lobe slightly obtuse. Calypter yellow, black fringed. Halter yellow. Abdomen entirely yellow, covered with short, thin, black setae more distinct on tergites 1 – 3; tergites subshiny, sternites denser greyish pollinose. Segment 8 with tergite and sternite almost entirely fused. Terminalia (Fig. 6) almost entirely yellow, only cercus narrowly brownish along upper margin, with black setation; cercus with very short anterodorsal projection, bearing subequally short marginal setae; epandrial lamella rather subrectangular (lateral view), with lower posterior corner strongly prolonged downwards; hypandrium elongate, with rounded apex, covered with numerous thin setae apically; phallus somewhat broadened on middle portion, slightly curved subapically, with short, truncate apex. Female. Body 6.4 – 6.7 mm, wing 6.7 – 7.0 mm. Very similar to male, acrostichals absent. Abdomen with last segment and cercus brown. One female paratype with narrower dark stripe on mesoscutum than in other specimens.	en	Shamshev, Igor V., Barták, Miroslav (2019): New and little-known species of Empis (Diptera: Empididae) from Bulgaria, Israel and Turkey, with keys to the Palaearctic Pachymeria and the Mediterranean Xanthempis. Zootaxa 4555 (1): 91-100, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4555.1.7
03C2B02DFFF4FFF46581F8CFFD36FCA8.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The name of the new species refers to the name of the province Adana of Turkey, where it was collected.	en	Shamshev, Igor V., Barták, Miroslav (2019): New and little-known species of Empis (Diptera: Empididae) from Bulgaria, Israel and Turkey, with keys to the Palaearctic Pachymeria and the Mediterranean Xanthempis. Zootaxa 4555 (1): 91-100, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4555.1.7
03C2B02DFFF4FFF46581F8CFFD36FCA8.taxon	diagnosis	Differential diagnosis. The new species belongs to a small complex of Xanthempis species that have the hypandrium of the male terminalia elongated and covered with numerous setae. This group includes: E. aequalis Loew; E. laeta Loew and E. hypandrialis Daugeron (Daugeron 2000). However, E. adanaensis sp. nov. can be readily distinguished from all these species primarily by a narrow mesoscutal vitta, presence of a postsutural supraalar seta and entirely yellow abdomen. In E. aequalis, E. laeta and E. hypandrialis, the mesoscutal vitta occupies the entire space between rows of dorsocentral setae, the postsutural supra-alar seta is absent and the abdominal tergites are brown dorsally.	en	Shamshev, Igor V., Barták, Miroslav (2019): New and little-known species of Empis (Diptera: Empididae) from Bulgaria, Israel and Turkey, with keys to the Palaearctic Pachymeria and the Mediterranean Xanthempis. Zootaxa 4555 (1): 91-100, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4555.1.7
03C2B02DFFF4FFF46581F8CFFD36FCA8.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Palaearctic: Turkey (Fig. 7).	en	Shamshev, Igor V., Barták, Miroslav (2019): New and little-known species of Empis (Diptera: Empididae) from Bulgaria, Israel and Turkey, with keys to the Palaearctic Pachymeria and the Mediterranean Xanthempis. Zootaxa 4555 (1): 91-100, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4555.1.7
03C2B02DFFF6FFF46581FC6DFA08F824.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. ISRAEL: Park Rosh ha´Ayin, 16. iv. 1993, A. Freidberg & F. Kaplan (1 ♂, TAUI). TURKEY: Kızılyaka, on flowers, 105 m, 37 ° 01´21 ´´ N 28 ° 26´18 ´´ E, 27. iv. – 4. v. 2016, Barták & Kubík (1 ♂, ZIN; 9 ♂, 1 ♀, CULSP).	en	Shamshev, Igor V., Barták, Miroslav (2019): New and little-known species of Empis (Diptera: Empididae) from Bulgaria, Israel and Turkey, with keys to the Palaearctic Pachymeria and the Mediterranean Xanthempis. Zootaxa 4555 (1): 91-100, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4555.1.7
03C2B02DFFF6FFF46581FC6DFA08F824.taxon	description	Female (described for the first time). Very similar to male only paler: head yellow, grey colour restricted to dorsal part of frons and occiput (except posterior part); thorax mostly yellow to reddish yellow except broad brown stripe between rows of dorsocentrals (these lay on yellow background except posterior pairs) extending posteriorly over whole of presutural area, brown parts include scutellum and mediotergite and diffuse brownish spots occur laterally between pre-alar and supra-alar areas; pleura with indistinct brownish markings on katepisternum and meron. Abdomen yellow, tergites with median diffuse darkening and lateral brown stripes apparent best on tergites 2 – 5, last segment and cerci black. Variability. There are several differences between the holotype re-description and our specimens from Turkey. They may be caused by variability or poor condition of the holotype. Several characters are described here for the first time: head in most specimens yellow, only the occiput (except sometimes posterior part) grey, frons more or less grey (variable), most notably in dorsal half; scape, pedicel and basal half of postpedicel yellow to reddish yellow, more distal parts of antennae including stylus black; ratio of antennal segments (in 0.01 mm scale) = 9: 7: 35: 16; ocellar setae black, about 0.20 mm long; palpus yellow but darkened apically; all parts of prothorax yellow including adjacent areas of notopleuron and mesoscutum, under rows of dorsocentrals more or less apparent narrow yellowish stripe; mesopleuron with dorsal parts of the katepisternum and meron with diffuse yellowish spots, otherwise thorax brownish grey and rather light grey tomentose; antepronotum shallowly bilobate; both fore and hind tibiae mostly with 2 – 3 larger setae; abdomen including genitalia and venter yellow, tergites with more or less apparent brownish grey diffuse spots medially and with more pronounced brown stripes laterally.	en	Shamshev, Igor V., Barták, Miroslav (2019): New and little-known species of Empis (Diptera: Empididae) from Bulgaria, Israel and Turkey, with keys to the Palaearctic Pachymeria and the Mediterranean Xanthempis. Zootaxa 4555 (1): 91-100, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4555.1.7
03C2B02DFFF6FFF46581FC6DFA08F824.taxon	distribution	Distribution. Palaearctic: Greece (Crete), Israel, Turkey (Fig. 7).	en	Shamshev, Igor V., Barták, Miroslav (2019): New and little-known species of Empis (Diptera: Empididae) from Bulgaria, Israel and Turkey, with keys to the Palaearctic Pachymeria and the Mediterranean Xanthempis. Zootaxa 4555 (1): 91-100, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4555.1.7
03C2B02DFFF6FFF46581FC6DFA08F824.taxon	discussion	Remarks. Empis testiculata was known until now after a holotype male taken from Crete. The species is recorded here from Israel and Turkey for the first time. Also, the Empis subgenus Xanthempis is recorded from Israel for the first time. Now, five species of Xanthempis are known from Turkey (Çiftçi & Hasbenli 2007 b, 2013).	en	Shamshev, Igor V., Barták, Miroslav (2019): New and little-known species of Empis (Diptera: Empididae) from Bulgaria, Israel and Turkey, with keys to the Palaearctic Pachymeria and the Mediterranean Xanthempis. Zootaxa 4555 (1): 91-100, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4555.1.7
