taxonID	type	description	language	source
03C387BAFFB3FFF6EFC6F8DAFD6BFF29.taxon	materials_examined	Type: — CHINA, Qinghai province, Menyuan County: unnamed freshwater river course, sampling point 37 ° 27 ' 28 " N, 101 ° 23 ' 15 " E, 2940 m asl. Bing Liu, 18 th July 2019 (holotype slide JIU! DIA 202315, specimen circled on slide = Fig. 1).	en	Long, Ji-Yan, Liu, Bing, Rioual, Patrick, Yang, Bin, Zhou, Min (2023): Ultrastructure of four Surirella taxa (Bacillariophyceae) from Qinghai Province, northwest China, with reference to the characteristics of portulae. Phytotaxa 592 (2): 163-177, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.592.2.11, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN
03C387BAFFB3FFF6EFC6F8DAFD6BFF29.taxon	etymology	Etymology: — Named after Dr. Bing Liu who is the first author’s supervisor and who collected the samples.	en	Long, Ji-Yan, Liu, Bing, Rioual, Patrick, Yang, Bin, Zhou, Min (2023): Ultrastructure of four Surirella taxa (Bacillariophyceae) from Qinghai Province, northwest China, with reference to the characteristics of portulae. Phytotaxa 592 (2): 163-177, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.592.2.11, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN
03C387BAFFB3FFF6EFC6F8DAFD6BFF29.taxon	biology_ecology	Ecology and distribution: — Epilithic in river. The following environmental parameters were measured. Conductivity was 448 ± 1 μS ̔ cm – 1, pH was 8.36 ± 0.03 and water temperature was 11.9 ± 0.5 ° C. So far, Surirella liubingii has only been found in the type locality.	en	Long, Ji-Yan, Liu, Bing, Rioual, Patrick, Yang, Bin, Zhou, Min (2023): Ultrastructure of four Surirella taxa (Bacillariophyceae) from Qinghai Province, northwest China, with reference to the characteristics of portulae. Phytotaxa 592 (2): 163-177, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.592.2.11, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN
03C387BAFFB5FFF6EFC6FC18FC69F9E5.taxon	description	SEM: Valve face flat making CSBs difficult to distinguish as CSBs not elevated from OFCs (Fig. 67 – 71). Striae multiseriate, composed of 3 or 4 rows of areolae, 30 – 32 in 10 μm (measured from SEM images, n = 4). Outside openings of areolae slit-like (Figs 68 – 71). Raphe canal located directly on mantle. Internally, valve composed of two portions: central portion and outside portion (indicated in Fig. 74). Wall of raphe canal growing slightly into cell cavity so that the portulae are easily visible (Figs 72 – 74). Fibulae short, a few bifurcate, spanning c. 1 / 4 of valve width, not extending to valve midline (Figs 72 – 74). Raphe continuous at headpole (Fig. 76, wavy arrow), but interrupted at footpole (Fig. 77, two arrows). One to three portulae occurring between two adjacent fibulae (Fig. 75, three arrows; Fig. 105, three arrows).	en	Long, Ji-Yan, Liu, Bing, Rioual, Patrick, Yang, Bin, Zhou, Min (2023): Ultrastructure of four Surirella taxa (Bacillariophyceae) from Qinghai Province, northwest China, with reference to the characteristics of portulae. Phytotaxa 592 (2): 163-177, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.592.2.11, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN
03C387BAFFB5FFF6EFC6FC18FC69F9E5.taxon	distribution	Distribution: — S. lacrimula was found in the same site with S. liubingii. From the literature, this species appears to have a global distribution as it has been reported in the USA, France, Argentina, and Iran (English & Potapova 2012, Bey & Ector 2013, Seeligmann & Maidana 2019, Safiallah et al. 2020).	en	Long, Ji-Yan, Liu, Bing, Rioual, Patrick, Yang, Bin, Zhou, Min (2023): Ultrastructure of four Surirella taxa (Bacillariophyceae) from Qinghai Province, northwest China, with reference to the characteristics of portulae. Phytotaxa 592 (2): 163-177, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.592.2.11, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN
03C387BAFFB5FFF6EFC6FEA4FCCEFC7D.taxon	description	SEM: Each CSB mostly composed of three costae and four striae, or two costae and three striae (Figs 43 – 46). Striae multiseriate, composed of 3 – 5 rows of areolae, 25 – 27 in 10 μm (measured under SEM images, n = 3). Outside openings of areolae slit-like (Figs 45 – 48). Raphe canal located directly on mantle. Distal raphe endings simple and interrupting at both apices (Figs 47, 48, two arrows respectively). Internally, wall of raphe canal only slightly growing into cell cavity such as the portulae are visible (Figs 49, 50, 54, 104). Fibulae medium-sized, occasionally bifurcate, extending to valve midline (Figs 49 – 51). Each fibula corresponds to a sinking in the mantle (Fig. 51). Raphe continuous at headpole (Fig. 52, wavy arrow), but interrupted at footpole (Fig. 53, two arrows). One portula produced between two adjacent fibulae (Fig. 54, two arrows, Fig. 104, three arrows).	en	Long, Ji-Yan, Liu, Bing, Rioual, Patrick, Yang, Bin, Zhou, Min (2023): Ultrastructure of four Surirella taxa (Bacillariophyceae) from Qinghai Province, northwest China, with reference to the characteristics of portulae. Phytotaxa 592 (2): 163-177, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.592.2.11, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN
03C387BAFFB5FFF6EFC6FEA4FCCEFC7D.taxon	distribution	Distribution: — Surirella minuta was commonly found and was dominant in the assemblages collected on the stone surfaces in the river course. It was associated with S. liubingii, S. lacrimula and S. brebissonii var. kuetzingi. From the literature, this species has a global distribution (Krammer & Lange-Bertalot 1987, English & Potapova 2012, Bey & Ector 2013, Dedić et al. 2015, Caglar et al. 2022).	en	Long, Ji-Yan, Liu, Bing, Rioual, Patrick, Yang, Bin, Zhou, Min (2023): Ultrastructure of four Surirella taxa (Bacillariophyceae) from Qinghai Province, northwest China, with reference to the characteristics of portulae. Phytotaxa 592 (2): 163-177, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.592.2.11, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN
03C387BAFFB5FFF4EFC6F990FF30F9B4.taxon	description	SEM: Each CSB often composed of three costae and four striae (Figs 90 – 92). Striae multiseriate, composed of 3 – 5 rows of areolae, 23 – 25 in 10 μm (measured from SEM images, n = 4). Outside openings of areolae slit-like (Figs 92 – 95). Raphe canal located directly on mantle. Distal raphe endings simple and interrupting at both apices (Figs 93, 94, two arrows respectively). Internally, valve composed of two portions: central portion and outside portion (indicated in Fig. 97). Wall of raphe canal growing slightly into cell cavity leaving the portulae visible. Fibulae short, spanning c. 1 / 4 of valve width, not extending to valve midline (Figs 96 – 98). Raphe continuous at headpole (Fig. 99, wavy arrow), but interrupted at footpole (Fig. 100, two arrows). Three portulae produced between two adjacent fibulae (Figs 101, 106, three arrows). The areas between the fibulae form marginal trough-like depressions (Fig. 106).	en	Long, Ji-Yan, Liu, Bing, Rioual, Patrick, Yang, Bin, Zhou, Min (2023): Ultrastructure of four Surirella taxa (Bacillariophyceae) from Qinghai Province, northwest China, with reference to the characteristics of portulae. Phytotaxa 592 (2): 163-177, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.592.2.11, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN
03C387BAFFB5FFF4EFC6F990FF30F9B4.taxon	biology_ecology	Ecology and distribution: — Epilithic in freshwater river. Surirella brebissonii var. kuetzingi was found in the same sampling site with S. liubingii, for the environmental parameters, see above. It is commonly found in Europe with reports from Germany, France and Poland (Krammer & Lange-Bertalot 1987, Bey & Ector 2013, Szczepocka et al. 2018).	en	Long, Ji-Yan, Liu, Bing, Rioual, Patrick, Yang, Bin, Zhou, Min (2023): Ultrastructure of four Surirella taxa (Bacillariophyceae) from Qinghai Province, northwest China, with reference to the characteristics of portulae. Phytotaxa 592 (2): 163-177, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.592.2.11, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-04-22-0755-PDN
