taxonID	type	description	language	source
03C318214848EA67FEF3FAA338BD90A9.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE SPECIES. — Belemnites meta Blainville, 1827 (synonym of Belemnites brevis var. C Blainville, 1827).	en	Weis, Robert, Mariotti, Nino, Pignatti, Johannes, Delsate, Dominique (2025): Lotharingibelus n. gen., a new belemnite genus from the upper Toarcian Minette ironstones of the NE Paris Basin. Geodiversitas 47 (23): 767-781, DOI: 10.5252/geodiversitas2025v47a23
03C318214848EA67FEF3FAA338BD90A9.taxon	etymology	ETYMOLOGY. — Named after Lotharingia, a medieval kingdom comprising present-day Lorraine (France), Luxembourg, Saarland (Germany), Netherlands, most of Belgium, and Germany west of the Rhine, and corresponding roughly to the main geographic distribution of the taxa herein included. INCLUDED SPECIES. — Belemnites meta Blainville, 1827; Belemnites subgiganteus Branco, 1879.	en	Weis, Robert, Mariotti, Nino, Pignatti, Johannes, Delsate, Dominique (2025): Lotharingibelus n. gen., a new belemnite genus from the upper Toarcian Minette ironstones of the NE Paris Basin. Geodiversitas 47 (23): 767-781, DOI: 10.5252/geodiversitas2025v47a23
03C318214848EA67FEF3FAA338BD90A9.taxon	description	OCCURRENCE. — Late Toarcian (Dispansum to Aalensis zones) of NE France (Lorraine), Luxembourg, SE Belgium (Gaume), Northern Germany.	en	Weis, Robert, Mariotti, Nino, Pignatti, Johannes, Delsate, Dominique (2025): Lotharingibelus n. gen., a new belemnite genus from the upper Toarcian Minette ironstones of the NE Paris Basin. Geodiversitas 47 (23): 767-781, DOI: 10.5252/geodiversitas2025v47a23
03C318214848EA67FEF3FAA338BD90A9.taxon	diagnosis	DIAGNOSIS. — Megateuthidid possessing a conical to cylindroconical orthorostrum with a short and obtuse apical part, and a small cavity on the tip of the apex. Apical grooves absent; a shallow dorsolateral depression on each flank. Alveolus deeply penetrating and eccentric. Alveolar angle 28 - 32 °. Epirostrum rudimentary or well-developed. REMARKS The taxa included herein in Lotharingibelus n. gen. have been attributed in the past to the genera Dactyloteuthis Bayle, 1878, Arcobelus Sachs in Sachs & Nalnjaeva, 1967, Brevibelus Doyle, 1991 (synonym of Brachybelus Naef, 1922), Homaloteuthis Stolley, 1919, Megateuthis Lissajous, 1915, and Mesoteuthis Lissajous, 1915. Lotharingibelus n. gen. is distinguished from the similarly shaped Dactyloteuthis by its more conical profile, the deeper penetrating alveolus and the absence of apical grooves on the orthorostrum. It is distinguished from the Boreal-Arctic genus Arcobelus by the presence of epirostral development and a lower alveolar angle. The genus Megateuthis (synonym of Mesoteuthis) differs from Lotharingibelus n. gen. by the presence of two dorsolateral apical grooves and a shallower alveolus. The coeval genus Brevibelus is distinguished from Lotharingibelus n. gen. by the shorter and more slender, cylindrical rostrum, a typically mucronate apex and the absence of an epirostral development.	en	Weis, Robert, Mariotti, Nino, Pignatti, Johannes, Delsate, Dominique (2025): Lotharingibelus n. gen., a new belemnite genus from the upper Toarcian Minette ironstones of the NE Paris Basin. Geodiversitas 47 (23): 767-781, DOI: 10.5252/geodiversitas2025v47a23
03C318214848EA67FEF3FAA338BD90A9.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE MATERIAL AND LOCUS TYPICUM. — Lectotype. France • Paris Basin, surroundings of Nancy, designated by Hébert (1865) as ‘ type’ of the species; UCBL-EM 75009 (Deshayes coll.) (Fig. 3 A). ADDITIONAL MATERIAL. — France • 1 specimen; Paris Basin, Meurthe-et-Moselle, Lay-Saint-Christophe near Nancy; “ Aalénien ” (nowadays upper Toarcian); MAN 2023.0.168 (Fig. 3 B) • 1 specimen; Paris Basin, Meurthe-et-Moselle, Moulins, Bouxières-aux-Chênes; “ Aalénien (zone du minerai) ” (= upper Toarcian); MAN 2023.0.165 (Fig. 4 B). Belgium • 125 specimens; Paris Basin, Halanzy and Musson, Mont-Saint-Martin Formation, old mining heaps; upper Toarcian; Dominique Delsate leg.; MNHNL DOU 989 a-h (Figs 3 D, E; 4 C-E). Luxembourg • 1 specimen; Paris Basin, Esch-sur-Alzette; ironstones; upper Toarcian; MNHNL DOU 882 (Fig. 3 C) • 1 specimen, Paris Basin, Differdange; Mactra subzone, Aalensis Zone; MNHNL DOT 500 (Fig. 4 A).	en	Weis, Robert, Mariotti, Nino, Pignatti, Johannes, Delsate, Dominique (2025): Lotharingibelus n. gen., a new belemnite genus from the upper Toarcian Minette ironstones of the NE Paris Basin. Geodiversitas 47 (23): 767-781, DOI: 10.5252/geodiversitas2025v47a23
03C318214848EA67FEF3FAA338BD90A9.taxon	description	OCCURRENCE. — Upper Toarcian. Dispansum Zone (common): Luxembourg; Gaume, Belgium; Lorraine, France. — Dispansum Zone (very rare): Dehmen, Northern Germany; Blea Wyke Point, North Yorkshire, United Kingdom;? Mistelgau, Franconia, Southern Germany (Kolb 1942). — Pseudoradiosa and Aalensis (Mactra subzone) zones (occasionally present): Luxembourg; Gaume, Belgium; Lorraine, France. DESCRIPTION Medium-sized, stout, conical rostrum (elongation index between 0.7 and 1; Table 2). The profile is ventrally asymmetrical, conical. The outline is symmetrical and cylindriconical. Orthorostrum without grooves. Cross section elliptical, strongly compressed (compression index between 1.12 and 1.26; Table 2). Apical region smooth, sometimes with shallow dorsolateral depressions that extend laterally towards the rostrum cavum. The tip of the apical region shows often a looser calcification resulting in a navel-shaped cavity, which is indicative of a very short epirostral stage. The flanks are more or less flattened. The alveolus occupies approximately two third of the rostrum and is ventrally displaced. The apical line is weakly goniolineate. Alveolar angle 29 - 32 °.	en	Weis, Robert, Mariotti, Nino, Pignatti, Johannes, Delsate, Dominique (2025): Lotharingibelus n. gen., a new belemnite genus from the upper Toarcian Minette ironstones of the NE Paris Basin. Geodiversitas 47 (23): 767-781, DOI: 10.5252/geodiversitas2025v47a23
03C318214848EA67FEF3FAA338BD90A9.taxon	discussion	REMARKS	en	Weis, Robert, Mariotti, Nino, Pignatti, Johannes, Delsate, Dominique (2025): Lotharingibelus n. gen., a new belemnite genus from the upper Toarcian Minette ironstones of the NE Paris Basin. Geodiversitas 47 (23): 767-781, DOI: 10.5252/geodiversitas2025v47a23
03C318214848EA67FEF3FAA338BD90A9.taxon	description	In his monograph on the belemnites, Blainville (1827) established Belemnites brevis and distinguished three varieties, A, B, and C; for the latter, he proposed conditionally the name Belemnites meta. According to Article 15.1 of the ICZN (1999), “ A new name or nomenclatural act proposed conditionally and published before 1961 may be available ”. Thus, the valid name for variety C of Belemnites brevis is Belemnites meta. This nominal species-group taxon was based on syntypes: a single specimen of the Deshayes collection from the “ Oolithe ferrugineuse ” (Minette ironstones) from the surroundings of Nancy (Meurthe-et-Moselle; Fig. 1), and an unspecified number of specimens from the d’Orbigny collection from the vicinity of L’Aiguillon-la-Presqu’île, Vendée department, in the Pays de la Loire region in Western France. Deshayes (1830) considered that “ pour éviter toute méprise, nous conservons le nom de Belemnites brevis à la variété C ”. He thus designated as (lecto) type for Belemnites brevis the specimen of var. C figured in Blainville (1827: pl. 3, figs 3, 3 a) and thus B. brevis and B. meta would have the same type and would become synonyms. However, this nomenclatural act is to be considered invalid, because Blainville (1827) introducing the name B. meta for var. C, restricted the syntypes of B. brevis to the specimens included in his varieties A and B. The nomenclatural act by Deshayes (1830) of chosing as lectotype for B. brevis a specimen attributed by Blainville (1827) to another species-group taxon (B. meta), corresponds to the proviso of Art. 74.2 of the ICZN (1999): “ Lectotype found not to have been a syntype. If it is demonstrated that a specimen designated as a lectotype was not a syntype, it loses its status of lectotype ”. This issue was solved by Hébert (1865), who recognized the three varieties ofBlainville (1827) as distinct species and indicated as (lecto) type for B. meta the specimen of var. C figured in Blainville (1827). The generic attribution of Belemnites meta has varied. Earlier authors (Bülow-Trummer 1920; Naef 1922) attributed it to Homaloteuthis, or to Brachybelus (synonym of Brevibelus). Lissajous (1925) was the first to attribute it to the genus Dactyloteuthis due to its stout rostrum and blunt apex. This attribution was followed by Kolb (1942) and Sturz (1958). Schlegelmilch (1998) instead attributed it to the genus Arcobelus sensu Doyle, 1994, previously known only from northern Siberia and the Russian Far East (Sachs & Nalnjaeva 1970). The latter attribution was maintained by Weis (1999) and Neige et al. (2021).	en	Weis, Robert, Mariotti, Nino, Pignatti, Johannes, Delsate, Dominique (2025): Lotharingibelus n. gen., a new belemnite genus from the upper Toarcian Minette ironstones of the NE Paris Basin. Geodiversitas 47 (23): 767-781, DOI: 10.5252/geodiversitas2025v47a23
03C318214848EA67FEF3FAA338BD90A9.taxon	materials_examined	TYPE MATERIAL. — Neotype. Luxembourg • Paris Basin, Differdange, Oberkorn, Kiemerchen; 49 ° 30 ’ 16 ” N, 5 ° 53 ’ 07 ” E; “ couche grise ” (Pseudoradiosa Zone); upper Toarcian; MNHNL TO 265 (Fig. 5 A). ADDITIONAL MATERIAL. — France • 3 specimens; Paris Basin, Meurthe-et-Moselle, Thil; upper Toarcian; MNHNL DOT 505 a, DOT 505 b, DOT 505 c (Fig. 5 C) • 1 specimen (with epirostrum); Paris Basin, Meurthe-et-Moselle, south of Nancy, Ludres; upper Toarcian; MAN 2023.0.166 (Fig. 6 A) • 1 specimen (orthorostrum); Paris Basin, Meurthe-et-Moselle, Maxéville near Nancy; upper Toarcian; MAN 2023.0.163 (Fig. 6 C). Luxembourg • 2 specimens; Paris Basin, Differdange, Oberkorn, Kiemerchen; “ couche grise ”; Pseudoradiosa Zone, upper Toarcian; MNHNL DOT 511 a, DOT 511 b (Figs 5 B; 6 E) • 1 specimen (orthorostrum); Paris Basin, Niederkorn; upper Toarcian; MNHNL DOU 997 • 1 specimen (orthorostrum); Paris Basin, Rumelange; “ couche grise ”; upper Toarcian; MNHNL LG 101 (Fig. 6 B) • 4 specimens (with epirostrum); Paris Basin, Esch-sur-Alzette; “ couche noire ”; upper Toarcian; MNHNL DOU 514, DOU 559 a-c • 1 specimen (orthorostrum); Paris Basin, Differdange; upper Toarcian; MNHNL DOT 470 (Fig. 6 D) • 1 specimen (with incomplete epirostrum); Paris Basin, Differdange; “ base du calcaire supérieur ” (Mactra subzone); upper Toarcian; MNHNL DOT 499. TYPE HORIZON. — “ Couche grise de Differdange ”, Minette ironstone formation (Pseudoradiosa Zone) (Maubeuge 1947; Di Cencio & Weis 2020). TYPE LOCALITY. — Luxembourg, Paris Basin, Differdange, Oberkorn, Kiemerchen, a former mining site, nowadays a protected area (Weis 2022). OCCURRENCE. — Paris Basin (France, Luxembourg, and Belgium), upperToarcian (Dispansum Zone to Mactra subzone, Aalensis Zone).	en	Weis, Robert, Mariotti, Nino, Pignatti, Johannes, Delsate, Dominique (2025): Lotharingibelus n. gen., a new belemnite genus from the upper Toarcian Minette ironstones of the NE Paris Basin. Geodiversitas 47 (23): 767-781, DOI: 10.5252/geodiversitas2025v47a23
03C318214848EA67FEF3FAA338BD90A9.taxon	description	DESCRIPTION Large to very large sized, elongate-conical rostrum with epirostral development. The profile and the outline of the orthorostrum are symmetrical and conical. The profile of the epirostrum is slightly asymmetrical, conical to cylindriconical, its outline is symmetrical and cylindriconical. The apex of the orthorostrum is striated but bears no grooves. The epirostrum bears two long and incised dorsolateral grooves and several, irregular dorsal and ventral striae. The cross section is elliptical, compressed (compression index between 1.16 and 1.24; Table 2). The alveolus occupies one third to one fifth of the total rostrum length and one half of the sole orthostrum length. The alveolus is slightly displaced towards the venter. The apical line is goniolineate. Alveolar angle 28 - 30 °.	en	Weis, Robert, Mariotti, Nino, Pignatti, Johannes, Delsate, Dominique (2025): Lotharingibelus n. gen., a new belemnite genus from the upper Toarcian Minette ironstones of the NE Paris Basin. Geodiversitas 47 (23): 767-781, DOI: 10.5252/geodiversitas2025v47a23
03C318214848EA67FEF3FAA338BD90A9.taxon	discussion	REMARKS Branco (1879) reported the species from his “ Oberregion der Schichten mit Trigonia navis ”, currently uppermost Toarcian, Pseudoradiosa Zone (Maubeuge 1947; Di Cencio & Weis 2020) from three localities: Ars, St. - Quentin near Metz, and Villerupt. The type material (syntypes) described by Branco (1879), originally housed in the collections of the Geologische Landessammlung von Elsass-Lothringen in Strasbourg, was destroyed in a fire in 1967 (Jean-Claude Gall, pers. comm. 1998) and has to be considered as definitely lost (Kévin Janneau, pers. comm. 2022). We herein select as the neotype specimen MNHNL TO 265 from the “ Couche grise de Differdange ” of the Minette ironstone formation in the Kiemerchen section (southwest of Oberkorn, Luxembourg) (Fig. 5 A). This locality, a former mining site, nowadays a protected area (Weis 2022), is situated 4 km away from the town of Villerupt and is located in the same geological sub-basin of Differdange- Longwy (Fig. 1); the neotype is from the same geological horizon and formation of the syntypes. The designation of a neotype is considered necessary in order to clarify the taxonomic status of Belemnites subgiganteus and in particular its differential characters in respect to Belemnites meta. L. subgiganteus n. comb. bears some resemblance with the epirostrum-bearing specimens of Dactyloteuthis crossotela. However, the orthorostrum of L. subgiganteus n. comb. differs from that of D. crossotela by the stronger conical profile of the former. Moreover, the epirostrum of L. subgiganteus n. comb. bears two strongly incised dorsolateral grooves. Due to this feature, L. subgiganteus n. comb. has been formerly attributed to the genus Megateuthis. However, L. subgiganteus n. comb. differs from Megateuthis by the shape and features of its orthorostrum, which bears no grooves. The similarity of the orthorostra of L. meta n. comb. and L. subgiganteus n. comb. demonstrates their close affinities and their inclusion into a single genus. A POSSIBLE SEXUAL DIMORPHISM IN LOTHARINGIBELUS N. GEN.	en	Weis, Robert, Mariotti, Nino, Pignatti, Johannes, Delsate, Dominique (2025): Lotharingibelus n. gen., a new belemnite genus from the upper Toarcian Minette ironstones of the NE Paris Basin. Geodiversitas 47 (23): 767-781, DOI: 10.5252/geodiversitas2025v47a23
