identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03C08782FFDFFFE4FC87395BFC25FBA2.text	03C08782FFDFFFE4FC87395BFC25FBA2.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Matthodon Lange-Badre & Haubold 1990	<div><p>Genus Matthodon Lange-Badré &amp; Haubold, 1990</p><p>TYPE SPECIES. — Matthodon tritens Lange-Badré &amp; Haubold, 1990.</p><p>OTHER SPECIES. — Matthodon menui (Rich, 1971); Matthodon peignei n. sp.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C08782FFDFFFE4FC87395BFC25FBA2	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Solé, Floréal;Marandat, Bernard;Lihoreau, Fabrice	Solé, Floréal, Marandat, Bernard, Lihoreau, Fabrice (2020): The hyaenodonts (Mammalia) from the French locality of Aumelas (Hérault), with possible new representatives from the late Ypresian. Geodiversitas 42 (13): 185-214, DOI: 10.5252/geodiversitas2020v42a13
03C08782FFDFFFE7FC003E79FDC6FBA2.text	03C08782FFDFFFE7FC003E79FDC6FBA2.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Matthodon peignei Solé & Marandat & Lihoreau 2020	<div><p>Matthodon peignei n. sp.</p><p>(Fig. 1)</p><p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: F79F2003-3B67-466B-AA9E-03F94442912F</p><p>HOLOTYPE. — UM-AUM694, left mandible with p2-m3 and the alveoli for the canine and p1.</p><p>ETYMOLOGY. — Dedicated to the memory of Dr. S. Peigné (1972- 2017), who described numerous carnivorous mammals from the Paleogene and Neogene of Eurasia and Africa.</p><p>REFERRED SPECIMENS. — UM-AUM268, left mandible with m2 and m3.</p><p>HORIZON AND AGE. — Lacustrine limestone of Montpellier, proposed as Lutetian in age in previous study but here considered possibly late Ypresian/early Lutetian in age</p><p>TYPE LOCALITY. — Aumelas, Hérault, France.</p><p>DIAGNOSIS. — Matthodon peignei n. sp. is intermediate both metrically and morphologically between Matthodon menui and Matthodon tritens: M. peignei n. sp. differs from M. menui by having longer premolars and molars and from M. tritens by having mesiodistally shorter premolars and molars. Matthodon peignei n. sp. differs from M. tritens by having less developed paraconids on p2, p3 and p4; the larger and more individualized metaconid on the molars; the longer talonid on the m1 and m2; and by shorter molars (4% for the m1, 8% for the m2 and m3), and longer p2 and p4 (respectively 9% and 5%). Matthodon peignei n. sp. differs from M. menui and M. tritens by the relative larger size of the p2, and narrower premolars.</p><p>MEASUREMENTS. — Table 1.</p><p>DESCRIPTION</p><p>UM-AUM 694 is almost a complete mandible that bears well-preserved teeth, except the i3, canine and p1, which are represented by their alveoli (Fig. 1 A-C). The mandible is deep (26.3 mm below the m1). Two mental foramina are present: the first one opens below the posterior root of p2, while the second is present below the anterior root of p4. The masseteric fossa is very deep. A deep fossa for insertion of the temporal muscle is present along the anterior margin of the crest. The angular process is curved sharply dorsally and is relatively wide. The mandibular condyle is robust, and is mediolaterally wide. The presence of an incisor (possibly the i3) is indicated by its tiny alveolus in front of the canine. The canine is buccolingually wide. The canine, premolars and molars are very close together. The p1 is single-rooted. The teeth display crenulated enamel.The p2 is simple with only the hypoconid present on the talonid. A small fold indicates the position of the paraconid. The p3 is mesiodistally longer and buccolingually wider than the p2. It differs by the presence of a paraconid, and by having three cuspids on the talonid: the larger corresponds to the hypoconid, while the other two are situated in the position of the entoconid. The p4 is more symmetrical in lateral view than the p3. The paraconid is much more developed. On the talonid, two cuspids are present: the hypoconid and the entoconid, which form a postfossid. The three molars display similar morphologies. The m3 is slightly mesiodistally shorter than the m2, but this is due to the reduction of the talonid. The paraconid is prominent and located mesially. The anterior keel is well developed. The metaconid is lower than the paraconid and almost completely fused with the protoconid. The latter is distinctly the highest cusp. The talonid is mesiodistally short and narrow. The postfossid is narrow and surrounded by three bulbous cusps: entoconid, hypoconid and hypoconulid; the entoconid being the tallest one. The m3 differs from m1 and m 2 in having a much more reduced talonid in which the talonid cusps can- not be distinguished. The precingulid is short (limited to the paraconid) but is very wide, notably on m3.</p><p>DISCUSSION</p><p>The new fossils share with Matthodon species the peculiar distal positions of the mental foramina (the first is inferior to the distal margin of p1 and the second is inferior to p4), the presence of a single-rooted p1, a closely packed toothrow, and the poorly developed metaconid on molars. All these features distinguish Matthodon from the European Ypresian and Lutetian hyaenodonts. UM-AUM694 is among the best preserved mandibles ever found for Matthodon .</p><p>The genus Matthodon is represented by two species: Matthodon menui from Chavot, Monthelon, Mancy, and Grauves (Ypresian, MP10; France) and Matthodon tritens from Geiseltal- Untere Unterkohle (Lutetian, MP11; Germany).</p><p>The fossils from Aumelas differ from those of the Lutetian species, Matthodon tritens, by having less developed paraconids on p2, p3 and p4; the larger and more individualized metaconid on the molars; the longer talonid on the m1 and m2; and by shorter molars (4% for the m1, 8% for the m2 and m3), and longer p2 and p4 (respectively 9% and 5%). These differences are reminiscent of the Ypresian species Matthodon menui.</p><p>The fossils from Aumelas, are distinct from those referred to Matthodon menui by having longer premolars and molars: the molars are 6% longer, the p2 9% longer, and the p3 and p4 4% longer. The mesio-distal diameter of the alveolus of the p1 is also distinctly longer than those measured for M. menui. As indicated above, the teeth from Aumelas are morphologically more similar to those of M. menui than to those of M. tritens.</p><p>The mean width/length ratio of the p2, p3 and p4 differentiates Matthodon peignei n. sp. from M. menui and M. tritens by having narrower premolars (Table 2).</p><p>The fossils from Aumelas appear intermediate both metrically and morphologically between Ypresian M. menui and Lutetian M. tritens. It differs from the two previously described taxa by the relatively large size of the p2. This feature is highly characteristic because the relative size of the p2, which decreases from M. menui to M. tritens, can be considered as an indication of the reduction of the anterior dentition (p1 and p2). The larger size of the p 2 in UM/AUM 694 thus can be regarded as a primitive feature. The same observation can be made for the narrowness of the premolars.</p><p>Based on these comparisons the Aumelas specimen represents a new species of Matthodon, the first occurrence of the genus in the southwestern part of Europe.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C08782FFDFFFE7FC003E79FDC6FBA2	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Solé, Floréal;Marandat, Bernard;Lihoreau, Fabrice	Solé, Floréal, Marandat, Bernard, Lihoreau, Fabrice (2020): The hyaenodonts (Mammalia) from the French locality of Aumelas (Hérault), with possible new representatives from the late Ypresian. Geodiversitas 42 (13): 185-214, DOI: 10.5252/geodiversitas2020v42a13
03C08782FFDCFFE7FEEB3E7AFD7FFB43.text	03C08782FFDCFFE7FEEB3E7AFD7FFB43.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Oxyaenoides Matthes 1967	<div><p>Genus Oxyaenoides Matthes, 1967</p><p>TYPE SPECIES. — Oxyaenoides bicuspidens Matthes, 1967.</p><p>OTHER SPECIES.</p><p>aenoides lindgreni — Oxyaenoides schlosseri (Rütimeyer, 1891); Oxy-(Rich, 1971); Oxyaenoides aumelasiensis n. sp.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C08782FFDCFFE7FEEB3E7AFD7FFB43	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Solé, Floréal;Marandat, Bernard;Lihoreau, Fabrice	Solé, Floréal, Marandat, Bernard, Lihoreau, Fabrice (2020): The hyaenodonts (Mammalia) from the French locality of Aumelas (Hérault), with possible new representatives from the late Ypresian. Geodiversitas 42 (13): 185-214, DOI: 10.5252/geodiversitas2020v42a13
03C08782FFDCFFE9FEF23F19FD4FF85E.text	03C08782FFDCFFE9FEF23F19FD4FF85E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Oxyaenoides aumelasiensis Solé & Marandat & Lihoreau 2020	<div><p>Oxyaenoides aumelasiensis n. sp . (Fig. 2)</p><p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:AFFF7C27-FB65-49C0-A788-96352B214851</p><p>HOLOTYPE. — UM-AUM693, left mandible bearing m3, the anterior root and talonid of the m1, the posterior alveolus of the p4, and the alveoli of m2.</p><p>ETYMOLOGY. — Latin, from Aumelas (type locality).</p><p>REFERRED SPECIMENS. — UM-AUM686, right M2; UM-AUM692, combination of a left maxillary fragment bearing the P2-M1, a right maxillary fragment bearing the P3-P4, the protocone of the M1 and the alveoli of the P2; UM-AUM695, labial part of a M1. HORIZON AND AGE. — Lacustrine limestone of Montpellier, proposed as Lutetian in age in previous study but here considered possibly late Ypresian/early Lutetian in age</p><p>TYPE LOCALITY. — Aumelas, Hérault, France.</p><p>DIAGNOSIS. — The species is 15% smaller than O. bicuspidens and 25% smaller than O. bicuspidens and O. schlosseri. It differs from O. lindgreni and O. bicuspidens by a more buccally aligned metastyle on molars. It differs from O. bicuspidens and O. schlosseri by a less retroflexed protoconid.</p><p>MEASUREMENTS. — Table 3.</p><p>DESCRIPTION</p><p>The P2 has a very small lingual fold that corresponds to an incipient parastyle. The metastyle is short and low (Fig. 2D, E). There is a small diastema between the P2 and P3 (Fig. 2F, G). The P3 and P4 are mesiodistally elongated. The P3 is characterized by the presence of a distinct parastyle and a strong metastyle. There is a large lingual bulge but no protocone. The P4 also displays a very large parastyle and metastyle; the latter is very tall. The protocone projects lingually and is mesiodistally narrow (Fig. 2 D-G).</p><p>The two known molars have a very similar morphology (Fig. 2D, E, H, I). On M1, the parastyle is present and bulbous but is mesiodistally short and narrow. The metastyle is mesiodistally elongated. The paracone and metacone are partially fused; only the apexes are fully separated. The protocone is low. The protofossa is very mesiodistally short and narrow. The paraconule is present. The metaconule is absent. The M1 is morphologically identical to the M2 except that the parastyle is wider and the metastyle is less distally located.</p><p>The mandible is narrow. The masseteric fossa is deep. As in Matthodon, a deep fossa for insertion of the temporal muscle is present along the anterior margin of the coronoid crest. The latter is distally inclined and the angle between the coronoid crest and the body of the dentary is close to 120°.</p><p>UM/AUM693 is a fragment of a left mandible that bears the talonid of m1 and a complete m3 (Fig. 2 A-C). The talonid of the m1 bears three distinct cusps (entoconid, hypoconid, and hypoconulid). The entoconid is lower than the hypoconulid, which is distally located, and lower than the hypoconid. Contrary to the m1, the m3 is complete. The paraconid is tall, long and well mesially located. There is no metaconid. The m3 is thus characterized by a cutting trigonid. The talonid is very mesiodistally short, low, and narrow with only one cusp (hypoconulid?) present. The precingulid is developed.</p><p>DISCUSSION</p><p>The fossils from Aumelas are characterized by a very cutting morphology (e.g., long metastyle on P4 and molars, absence of metaconid, long paracristid on m3). Only one hyaenodont genus known from the Ypresian and Lutetian of Europe has molars that are characterized by the absence of a metaconid, a hypercarnivorous feature: Oxyaenoides (MP10-?MP13) (Matthes 1967; Lange-Badré &amp; Haubold 1990; Solé et al. 2014a). The teeth found at Aumelas share with Oxyaenoides mesiodistally short and narrow talonids bearing crestiform entoconids on molars. This genus is known both in northwestern (Matthes 1967; Lange-Badré &amp; Haubold 1990; Solé et al. 2014a, 2015a) and southwestern Europe (Crochet et al. 1976).</p><p>Three species of Oxyaenoides are presently known: Oxyaenoides lindgreni from MP10 (Rich 1971; Solé et al. 2014a), Oxyaenoides bicuspidens from MP11 (Matthes 1967; Crochet et al. 1976; Lange-Badré &amp; Haubold 1990) and Oxyaenoides schlosseri from?MP13 (Rütimeyer 1891; Lange-Badré 1972; Solé et al. 2015a). The syntypes of O. schlosseri are from Egerkingen γ (Lange-Badré 1972), but the MP reference-level of this site (possibly MP13) is uncertain (BiochroM’97 1997), as is Aigues-Vives 2 where a mandible of O. schlosseri was discovered (Solé et al. 2015a).</p><p>The most striking feature of the fossils from Aumelas is their small size compared to other Oxyaenoides material. The teeth are 15% smaller than those of O. lindgreni and 25% smaller than those of O. bicuspidens and O. schlosseri. The size of the new taxon is actually almost equivalent to that of Preregidens langebadrae (Saint-Papoul; c. MP8+9).</p><p>Oxyaenoides aumelasiensis n. sp. differs from those of O. lindgreni and O. bicuspidens by a more buccally aligned metastyle on upper molars. It also differs from O. bicuspidens and O. schlosseri by a mesially oriented protoconid – this feature accommodates an elongate preprotocristid, a structure found on cutting molars. Oxyaenoides aumelasiensis n. sp. appears more primitive than northwestern species by having a buccally aligned metastyle on upper molars and the less retroflexed protoconid on molars.</p><p>To conclude, the fossils of Oxyaenoides aumelasiensis n. sp. share with the other Oxyaenoides species several features including: a reduced metaconid and reduced talonid morphology. However, based on the small size and distinctive features, we distinguish O. aumelasiensis n. sp. from previously described species of Oxyaenoides .</p><p>The fossils from Aumelas are important because they are the first to provide so much information on the morphology of the upper premolars of the genus Oxyaenoides . The fossils from Aumelas represent the smallest hypercarnivorous hyaenodont ever discovered in the Ypresian and Lutetian.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C08782FFDCFFE9FEF23F19FD4FF85E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Solé, Floréal;Marandat, Bernard;Lihoreau, Fabrice	Solé, Floréal, Marandat, Bernard, Lihoreau, Fabrice (2020): The hyaenodonts (Mammalia) from the French locality of Aumelas (Hérault), with possible new representatives from the late Ypresian. Geodiversitas 42 (13): 185-214, DOI: 10.5252/geodiversitas2020v42a13
03C08782FFD2FFE9FC493AF5FB2DFEC7.text	03C08782FFD2FFE9FC493AF5FB2DFEC7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Leonhardtina Matthes 1952	<div><p>Genus Leonhardtina Matthes, 1952</p><p>TYPE SPECIES. — Leonhardtina gracilis Matthes, 1952.</p><p>OTHER SPECIES. — Leonhardtina godinoti Solé, Falconnet &amp; Laurent, 2014; Leonhardtina meridianum n. sp.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C08782FFD2FFE9FC493AF5FB2DFEC7	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Solé, Floréal;Marandat, Bernard;Lihoreau, Fabrice	Solé, Floréal, Marandat, Bernard, Lihoreau, Fabrice (2020): The hyaenodonts (Mammalia) from the French locality of Aumelas (Hérault), with possible new representatives from the late Ypresian. Geodiversitas 42 (13): 185-214, DOI: 10.5252/geodiversitas2020v42a13
03C08782FFD2FFEBFC5C3B94FB8BF85E.text	03C08782FFD2FFEBFC5C3B94FB8BF85E.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Leonhardtina meridianum Solé & Marandat & Lihoreau 2020	<div><p>Leonhardtina meridianum n. sp.</p><p>(Fig. 3)</p><p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: DA2667CF-BFAD-4CFD-AFE0-E9B1416140D2</p><p>HOLOTYPE. — UM-AUM54, right mandible bearing p3 to m3.</p><p>ETYMOLOGY. — Meridianum (Latin) means from the Midi, the south. In reference to the fact that the species is recorded only in the southern part of France.</p><p>REFERRED SPECIMENS FROM AUMELAS. — UM-AUM530, right maxillary fragment bearing M2 and M3.</p><p>OTHER REFERRED SPECIMENS. — MNHN.F.RZ142, right mandible bearing p2-p4 and m3 .</p><p>HORIZON AND AGE. — Lacustrine limestone of Montpellier, proposed as Lutetian in age in previous study but here considered possibly late Ypresian/early Lutetian in age</p><p>TYPE LOCALITY. — Aumelas, Hérault, France.</p><p>OTHER LOCALITY. — Rouzilhac, Aude, France (Ypresian-Lutetian?; MP10b, Godinot et al. 2018)</p><p>DIAGNOSIS. — The new species is smaller than Leonhardtina godinoti (5% based on the length of the molars) and Leonhardtina gracilis (20%). It also differs from these species by a narrower postfossid on molars, and by relatively larger p3 relative to p4.</p><p>MEASUREMENTS. — Table 4.</p><p>DESCRIPTION</p><p>The upper teeth are represented by the M2 and M3 (Fig. 3A, B). The M2 is characterized by the separation of the paracone and metacone. These cusps appear to be of similar height. The parastyle is well-developed. The metastyle is long and mainly buccally aligned. The protocone is extended buccolingually and mesiodistally short. The protofossa is worn. The M3 is buccolingually elongated. The parastyle is long. Only the paracone is visible; the metacone-metaconule area is broken. The protocone is almost as tall as the paracone. A paraconule is discernable.</p><p>The mandible is deep (Fig. 3C, D). The coronoid crest is slightly distally inclined; the angle between the coronoid crest and the body of the dentary is close to 100°. As in the two other hyaenodonts from Aumelas, a deep fossa for the insertion of the temporal muscle is present along the anterior margin of the coronoid crest.</p><p>The p3 is elongated mesiodistally and is longer than the p4 (Table 4). The tooth is too damaged to describe its morphology (Fig. 3 F-H). The p4 probably had a paraconid, but the anterior part of the tooth is too damaged to be sure. The protoconid is robust. The talonid is short in length and bears two cusps: a hypoconid and a lingually located entoconid. The molars are similar in morphology except the m3 has a narrower and more mesiodistally elongated talonid than m1 and m2 (Fig. 3 F-H). The three teeth have a sharply pointed and mesiodistally compressed trigonid. The paraconid is lingually located relative to the protoconid. The metaconid is buccolingually aligned with the protoconid. The apexes of the metaconid and paraconid are worn preventing comparison of cusp height; the paraconid was however probably shorter in height than the metaconid. The talonid is almost as wide as the trigonid. The postfossid is narrow. The three talonid cusps are well individualized and bulbous. The talonid is labially oriented relative to the horizontal ramus as in primitive hyaenodonts (e.g., Prototomus, Eoproviverra). The hypoconulid is slightly taller than the two other talonid cusps. The hypoconulid and entoconid are close together. On the molars, the three talonid cusps are well-defined. The precingulid seems to have been present as well as an incipient postcingulid, but this is uncertain due to taphonomic processes. No ectocingulid is present.</p><p>DISCUSSION</p><p>The fossils of Leonhardtina meridianum n. sp. described differ from those of Matthodon and Oxyaenoides by their smaller size; the p3 longer than the p4; the wide talonid on the molars; and the sharply pointed and mesiodistally compressed trigonid of the molars.</p><p>According to our phylogenetic analysis (see below), Leonhardtina is closely related to Preregidens langebadrae. This latter species is only represented by one mandible discovered at Saint-Papoul (MP8+9; France) (Solé et al. 2015a). Preregidens shares with Leonhardtina the presence of mesiodistally short trigonid and buccolingually narrow postfossid on molars. However, Preregidens differs from L. gracilis and L. meridianum n. sp. by having buccolingually narrower talonid on molars, the absence of postcingulid on molars, shorter talonid on m3, and possibly the p3 shorter than the p4 (the p3 is only represented by its alveoli on the sole known fossil of Preregidens). Preregidens also differs from L. gracilis by having a higher and sharper p4.</p><p>The p3 longer than the p4, the wide talonid on the molars, and the sharply pointed and mesiodistally compressed trigonid of the molars are features that characterize the small hyaenodonts Leonhardtina, Proviverra, Lesmesodon, and Allopterodon, which form a clade in Solé et al. (2014a, 2015a). This clade is not recovered in the recent analyses (e.g., Borths &amp; Stevens 2017c, 2019) nor in the phylogenetic analysis we performed (Fig. 4).</p><p>Leonhardtina meridianum n. sp. differs from Proviverra, Lesmesodon and Allopterodon by having weakly developed labial cingulids on the p4 and the molars; the latter are indeed well-developed in the three European hyaenodontoid genera, notably Proviverra (Lange-Badré 1981; Morlo &amp; Habersetzer 1999). Leonhardtina further differs from these genera by having more oblique cristid obliqua, and narrower talonids and postfossids on the molars.</p><p>Some species of the genera Cynohyaenodon, Paracynohyaenodon, and Quercytherium are also close in size to Leonhardtina . However, these genera clearly differ from Leonhardtina by the p3 shorter than the p4 and a mesiodistally elongated trigonid on molars. These features also distinguish Leonhardtina from Boritia, a monospecific genus phylogenetically close to Cynohyaenodon, Paracynohyaenodon, and Quercytherium.</p><p>The weakly developed labial cingulids on the molars are also found in late Ypresian and early Lutetian genus Leonhardtina . This genus is represented by two species: L. godinoti from Grauves (Ypresian, MP10; Solé et al. 2014a) and L. gracilis from Geiseltal-Untere Mittelkohle and Geiseltal-Obere Mittelkohle (Lutetian, MP12-13; Matthes 1952; Lange-Badré &amp; Haubold 1990). The fossils from Aumelas are smaller than other Leonhardtina species: 5% smaller than L. godinoti and 20% smaller than L. gracilis. The newly described fossils are 15-20% larger than those of Proviverra typica, which is found with L. gracilis in Geiseltal (Lange-Badré &amp; Haubold 1990).</p><p>The new fossils also differ from the two species of Leonhardtina by having a relatively larger p3. The ratio of p3 length to p4 length equals 1.21 for L. meridianum n. sp. The ratio equals 1.04 in L. godinoti and 1.08 in L. gracilis. However, the ratio in L. meridianum n. sp. may be overestimated because the p3 and p4 are crushed, which probably results in lengthening the p3 measurement.</p><p>Godinot et al. (2018) described a mandible discovered in the locality of Rouzilhac (Aude, France; MP10b) that they referred to Leonhardtina cf. gracilis. The teeth preserved on the mandible are very close in size to those preserved on UM-AUM54 (Table 4). Moreover, the p4 and m3 are morphologically identical (e.g., talonid mesiodistally compressed on m3). Because of these similarities, we propose that MNHN.F.RZ142 and UM-AUM54 belong to the same taxon.</p><p>The p3 and p4 are better preserved on the fossil from Rouzilhac: the ratio p3 length/p4 length equals 1.3 in this specimen. This is consistent with L. meridianum n. sp. having a relatively large p3 compared to L. godinoti and in L. gracilis.</p><p>L. meridianum n. sp. differs from the other Leonhardtina species by having narrower talonids and postfossids and a more oblique cristid obliqua on the molars. The morphology of the talonids of the molars on UM-AUM54 are similar to the earliest European hyaenodonts such as Eoproviverra (Rians; Ypresian, c. MP7) and Parvagula (Palette, Fournes, Fordones; Ypresian, c. MP7) rather than Leonhardtina, Allopterodon or Proviverra.</p><p>The upper teeth (M2 and M3) are poorly preserved and not very diagnostic. However, they are morphologically similar to those of Leonhardtina gracilis in having a separated paracone and metacone; a buccally aligned metastyle; and a lingually elongated protocone.</p><p>To conclude, the Leonhardtina species found at Aumelas is smaller than the two Leonhardtina species known in northwestern Europe, and has the potentially primitive feature of a narrower talonid and postfossid on molars. However, L. meridianum n. sp. has the potentially derived feature of a relatively long p3.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C08782FFD2FFEBFC5C3B94FB8BF85E	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Solé, Floréal;Marandat, Bernard;Lihoreau, Fabrice	Solé, Floréal, Marandat, Bernard, Lihoreau, Fabrice (2020): The hyaenodonts (Mammalia) from the French locality of Aumelas (Hérault), with possible new representatives from the late Ypresian. Geodiversitas 42 (13): 185-214, DOI: 10.5252/geodiversitas2020v42a13
