taxonID	type	description	language	source
03C08782FFDFFFE7FC003E79FDC6FBA2.taxon	description	(Fig. 1) urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: F 79 F 2003 - 3 B 67 - 466 B-AA 9 E- 03 F 94442912 F	en	Solé, Floréal, Marandat, Bernard, Lihoreau, Fabrice (2020): The hyaenodonts (Mammalia) from the French locality of Aumelas (Hérault), with possible new representatives from the late Ypresian. Geodiversitas 42 (13): 185-214, DOI: 10.5252/geodiversitas2020v42a13
03C08782FFDFFFE7FC003E79FDC6FBA2.taxon	materials_examined	HOLOTYPE. — UM-AUM 694, left mandible with p 2 - m 3 and the alveoli for the canine and p 1.	en	Solé, Floréal, Marandat, Bernard, Lihoreau, Fabrice (2020): The hyaenodonts (Mammalia) from the French locality of Aumelas (Hérault), with possible new representatives from the late Ypresian. Geodiversitas 42 (13): 185-214, DOI: 10.5252/geodiversitas2020v42a13
03C08782FFDFFFE7FC003E79FDC6FBA2.taxon	etymology	ETYMOLOGY. — Dedicated to the memory of Dr. S. Peigné (1972 - 2017), who described numerous carnivorous mammals from the Paleogene and Neogene of Eurasia and Africa.	en	Solé, Floréal, Marandat, Bernard, Lihoreau, Fabrice (2020): The hyaenodonts (Mammalia) from the French locality of Aumelas (Hérault), with possible new representatives from the late Ypresian. Geodiversitas 42 (13): 185-214, DOI: 10.5252/geodiversitas2020v42a13
03C08782FFDFFFE7FC003E79FDC6FBA2.taxon	materials_examined	REFERRED SPECIMENS. — UM-AUM 268, left mandible with m 2 and m 3.	en	Solé, Floréal, Marandat, Bernard, Lihoreau, Fabrice (2020): The hyaenodonts (Mammalia) from the French locality of Aumelas (Hérault), with possible new representatives from the late Ypresian. Geodiversitas 42 (13): 185-214, DOI: 10.5252/geodiversitas2020v42a13
03C08782FFDFFFE7FC003E79FDC6FBA2.taxon	description	HORIZON AND AGE. — Lacustrine limestone of Montpellier, proposed as Lutetian in age in previous study but here considered possibly late Ypresian / early Lutetian in age	en	Solé, Floréal, Marandat, Bernard, Lihoreau, Fabrice (2020): The hyaenodonts (Mammalia) from the French locality of Aumelas (Hérault), with possible new representatives from the late Ypresian. Geodiversitas 42 (13): 185-214, DOI: 10.5252/geodiversitas2020v42a13
03C08782FFDFFFE7FC003E79FDC6FBA2.taxon	distribution	TYPE LOCALITY. — Aumelas, Hérault, France.	en	Solé, Floréal, Marandat, Bernard, Lihoreau, Fabrice (2020): The hyaenodonts (Mammalia) from the French locality of Aumelas (Hérault), with possible new representatives from the late Ypresian. Geodiversitas 42 (13): 185-214, DOI: 10.5252/geodiversitas2020v42a13
03C08782FFDFFFE7FC003E79FDC6FBA2.taxon	diagnosis	DIAGNOSIS. — Matthodon peignei n. sp. is intermediate both metrically and morphologically between Matthodon menui and Matthodon tritens: M. peignei n. sp. differs from M. menui by having longer premolars and molars and from M. tritens by having mesiodistally shorter premolars and molars. Matthodon peignei n. sp. differs from M. tritens by having less developed paraconids on p 2, p 3 and p 4; the larger and more individualized metaconid on the molars; the longer talonid on the m 1 and m 2; and by shorter molars (4 % for the m 1, 8 % for the m 2 and m 3), and longer p 2 and p 4 (respectively 9 % and 5 %). Matthodon peignei n. sp. differs from M. menui and M. tritens by the relative larger size of the p 2, and narrower premolars.	en	Solé, Floréal, Marandat, Bernard, Lihoreau, Fabrice (2020): The hyaenodonts (Mammalia) from the French locality of Aumelas (Hérault), with possible new representatives from the late Ypresian. Geodiversitas 42 (13): 185-214, DOI: 10.5252/geodiversitas2020v42a13
03C08782FFDFFFE7FC003E79FDC6FBA2.taxon	description	MEASUREMENTS. — Table 1. DESCRIPTION UM-AUM 694 is almost a complete mandible that bears well-preserved teeth, except the i 3, canine and p 1, which are represented by their alveoli (Fig. 1 A-C). The mandible is deep (26.3 mm below the m 1). Two mental foramina are present: the first one opens below the posterior root of p 2, while the second is present below the anterior root of p 4. The masseteric fossa is very deep. A deep fossa for insertion of the temporal muscle is present along the anterior margin of the crest. The angular process is curved sharply dorsally and is relatively wide. The mandibular condyle is robust, and is mediolaterally wide. The presence of an incisor (possibly the i 3) is indicated by its tiny alveolus in front of the canine. The canine is buccolingually wide. The canine, premolars and molars are very close together. The p 1 is single-rooted. The teeth display crenulated enamel. The p 2 is simple with only the hypoconid present on the talonid. A small fold indicates the position of the paraconid. The p 3 is mesiodistally longer and buccolingually wider than the p 2. It differs by the presence of a paraconid, and by having three cuspids on the talonid: the larger corresponds to the hypoconid, while the other two are situated in the position of the entoconid. The p 4 is more symmetrical in lateral view than the p 3. The paraconid is much more developed. On the talonid, two cuspids are present: the hypoconid and the entoconid, which form a postfossid. The three molars display similar morphologies. The m 3 is slightly mesiodistally shorter than the m 2, but this is due to the reduction of the talonid. The paraconid is prominent and located mesially. The anterior keel is well developed. The metaconid is lower than the paraconid and almost completely fused with the protoconid. The latter is distinctly the highest cusp. The talonid is mesiodistally short and narrow. The postfossid is narrow and surrounded by three bulbous cusps: entoconid, hypoconid and hypoconulid; the entoconid being the tallest one. The m 3 differs from m 1 and m 2 in having a much more reduced talonid in which the talonid cusps can- not be distinguished. The precingulid is short (limited to the paraconid) but is very wide, notably on m 3.	en	Solé, Floréal, Marandat, Bernard, Lihoreau, Fabrice (2020): The hyaenodonts (Mammalia) from the French locality of Aumelas (Hérault), with possible new representatives from the late Ypresian. Geodiversitas 42 (13): 185-214, DOI: 10.5252/geodiversitas2020v42a13
03C08782FFDFFFE7FC003E79FDC6FBA2.taxon	discussion	DISCUSSION The new fossils share with Matthodon species the peculiar distal positions of the mental foramina (the first is inferior to the distal margin of p 1 and the second is inferior to p 4), the presence of a single-rooted p 1, a closely packed toothrow, and the poorly developed metaconid on molars. All these features distinguish Matthodon from the European Ypresian and Lutetian hyaenodonts. UM-AUM 694 is among the best preserved mandibles ever found for Matthodon. The genus Matthodon is represented by two species: Matthodon menui from Chavot, Monthelon, Mancy, and Grauves (Ypresian, MP 10; France) and Matthodon tritens from Geiseltal- Untere Unterkohle (Lutetian, MP 11; Germany). The fossils from Aumelas differ from those of the Lutetian species, Matthodon tritens, by having less developed paraconids on p 2, p 3 and p 4; the larger and more individualized metaconid on the molars; the longer talonid on the m 1 and m 2; and by shorter molars (4 % for the m 1, 8 % for the m 2 and m 3), and longer p 2 and p 4 (respectively 9 % and 5 %). These differences are reminiscent of the Ypresian species Matthodon menui. The fossils from Aumelas, are distinct from those referred to Matthodon menui by having longer premolars and molars: the molars are 6 % longer, the p 2 9 % longer, and the p 3 and p 4 4 % longer. The mesio-distal diameter of the alveolus of the p 1 is also distinctly longer than those measured for M. menui. As indicated above, the teeth from Aumelas are morphologically more similar to those of M. menui than to those of M. tritens. The mean width / length ratio of the p 2, p 3 and p 4 differentiates Matthodon peignei n. sp. from M. menui and M. tritens by having narrower premolars (Table 2). The fossils from Aumelas appear intermediate both metrically and morphologically between Ypresian M. menui and Lutetian M. tritens. It differs from the two previously described taxa by the relatively large size of the p 2. This feature is highly characteristic because the relative size of the p 2, which decreases from M. menui to M. tritens, can be considered as an indication of the reduction of the anterior dentition (p 1 and p 2). The larger size of the p 2 in UM / AUM 694 thus can be regarded as a primitive feature. The same observation can be made for the narrowness of the premolars. Based on these comparisons the Aumelas specimen represents a new species of Matthodon, the first occurrence of the genus in the southwestern part of Europe.	en	Solé, Floréal, Marandat, Bernard, Lihoreau, Fabrice (2020): The hyaenodonts (Mammalia) from the French locality of Aumelas (Hérault), with possible new representatives from the late Ypresian. Geodiversitas 42 (13): 185-214, DOI: 10.5252/geodiversitas2020v42a13
03C08782FFDCFFE9FEF23F19FD4FF85E.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: AFFF 7 C 27 - FB 65 - 49 C 0 - A 788 - 96352 B 214851	en	Solé, Floréal, Marandat, Bernard, Lihoreau, Fabrice (2020): The hyaenodonts (Mammalia) from the French locality of Aumelas (Hérault), with possible new representatives from the late Ypresian. Geodiversitas 42 (13): 185-214, DOI: 10.5252/geodiversitas2020v42a13
03C08782FFDCFFE9FEF23F19FD4FF85E.taxon	materials_examined	HOLOTYPE. — UM-AUM 693, left mandible bearing m 3, the anterior root and talonid of the m 1, the posterior alveolus of the p 4, and the alveoli of m 2.	en	Solé, Floréal, Marandat, Bernard, Lihoreau, Fabrice (2020): The hyaenodonts (Mammalia) from the French locality of Aumelas (Hérault), with possible new representatives from the late Ypresian. Geodiversitas 42 (13): 185-214, DOI: 10.5252/geodiversitas2020v42a13
03C08782FFDCFFE9FEF23F19FD4FF85E.taxon	etymology	ETYMOLOGY. — Latin, from Aumelas (type locality). REFERRED SPECIMENS. — UM-AUM 686, right M 2; UM-AUM 692, combination of a left maxillary fragment bearing the P 2 - M 1, a right maxillary fragment bearing the P 3 - P 4, the protocone of the M 1 and the alveoli of the P 2; UM-AUM 695, labial part of a M 1. HORIZON AND AGE. — Lacustrine limestone of Montpellier, proposed as Lutetian in age in previous study but here considered possibly late Ypresian / early Lutetian in age	en	Solé, Floréal, Marandat, Bernard, Lihoreau, Fabrice (2020): The hyaenodonts (Mammalia) from the French locality of Aumelas (Hérault), with possible new representatives from the late Ypresian. Geodiversitas 42 (13): 185-214, DOI: 10.5252/geodiversitas2020v42a13
03C08782FFDCFFE9FEF23F19FD4FF85E.taxon	distribution	TYPE LOCALITY. — Aumelas, Hérault, France.	en	Solé, Floréal, Marandat, Bernard, Lihoreau, Fabrice (2020): The hyaenodonts (Mammalia) from the French locality of Aumelas (Hérault), with possible new representatives from the late Ypresian. Geodiversitas 42 (13): 185-214, DOI: 10.5252/geodiversitas2020v42a13
03C08782FFDCFFE9FEF23F19FD4FF85E.taxon	diagnosis	DIAGNOSIS. — The species is 15 % smaller than O. bicuspidens and 25 % smaller than O. bicuspidens and O. schlosseri. It differs from O. lindgreni and O. bicuspidens by a more buccally aligned metastyle on molars. It differs from O. bicuspidens and O. schlosseri by a less retroflexed protoconid.	en	Solé, Floréal, Marandat, Bernard, Lihoreau, Fabrice (2020): The hyaenodonts (Mammalia) from the French locality of Aumelas (Hérault), with possible new representatives from the late Ypresian. Geodiversitas 42 (13): 185-214, DOI: 10.5252/geodiversitas2020v42a13
03C08782FFDCFFE9FEF23F19FD4FF85E.taxon	description	MEASUREMENTS. — Table 3. DESCRIPTION The P 2 has a very small lingual fold that corresponds to an incipient parastyle. The metastyle is short and low (Fig. 2 D, E). There is a small diastema between the P 2 and P 3 (Fig. 2 F, G). The P 3 and P 4 are mesiodistally elongated. The P 3 is characterized by the presence of a distinct parastyle and a strong metastyle. There is a large lingual bulge but no protocone. The P 4 also displays a very large parastyle and metastyle; the latter is very tall. The protocone projects lingually and is mesiodistally narrow (Fig. 2 D-G). The two known molars have a very similar morphology (Fig. 2 D, E, H, I). On M 1, the parastyle is present and bulbous but is mesiodistally short and narrow. The metastyle is mesiodistally elongated. The paracone and metacone are partially fused; only the apexes are fully separated. The protocone is low. The protofossa is very mesiodistally short and narrow. The paraconule is present. The metaconule is absent. The M 1 is morphologically identical to the M 2 except that the parastyle is wider and the metastyle is less distally located. The mandible is narrow. The masseteric fossa is deep. As in Matthodon, a deep fossa for insertion of the temporal muscle is present along the anterior margin of the coronoid crest. The latter is distally inclined and the angle between the coronoid crest and the body of the dentary is close to 120 °. UM / AUM 693 is a fragment of a left mandible that bears the talonid of m 1 and a complete m 3 (Fig. 2 A-C). The talonid of the m 1 bears three distinct cusps (entoconid, hypoconid, and hypoconulid). The entoconid is lower than the hypoconulid, which is distally located, and lower than the hypoconid. Contrary to the m 1, the m 3 is complete. The paraconid is tall, long and well mesially located. There is no metaconid. The m 3 is thus characterized by a cutting trigonid. The talonid is very mesiodistally short, low, and narrow with only one cusp (hypoconulid?) present. The precingulid is developed.	en	Solé, Floréal, Marandat, Bernard, Lihoreau, Fabrice (2020): The hyaenodonts (Mammalia) from the French locality of Aumelas (Hérault), with possible new representatives from the late Ypresian. Geodiversitas 42 (13): 185-214, DOI: 10.5252/geodiversitas2020v42a13
03C08782FFDCFFE9FEF23F19FD4FF85E.taxon	discussion	DISCUSSION The fossils from Aumelas are characterized by a very cutting morphology (e. g., long metastyle on P 4 and molars, absence of metaconid, long paracristid on m 3). Only one hyaenodont genus known from the Ypresian and Lutetian of Europe has molars that are characterized by the absence of a metaconid, a hypercarnivorous feature: Oxyaenoides (MP 10 -? MP 13) (Matthes 1967; Lange-Badré & Haubold 1990; Solé et al. 2014 a). The teeth found at Aumelas share with Oxyaenoides mesiodistally short and narrow talonids bearing crestiform entoconids on molars. This genus is known both in northwestern (Matthes 1967; Lange-Badré & Haubold 1990; Solé et al. 2014 a, 2015 a) and southwestern Europe (Crochet et al. 1976). Three species of Oxyaenoides are presently known: Oxyaenoides lindgreni from MP 10 (Rich 1971; Solé et al. 2014 a), Oxyaenoides bicuspidens from MP 11 (Matthes 1967; Crochet et al. 1976; Lange-Badré & Haubold 1990) and Oxyaenoides schlosseri from? MP 13 (Rütimeyer 1891; Lange-Badré 1972; Solé et al. 2015 a). The syntypes of O. schlosseri are from Egerkingen γ (Lange-Badré 1972), but the MP reference-level of this site (possibly MP 13) is uncertain (BiochroM’ 97 1997), as is Aigues-Vives 2 where a mandible of O. schlosseri was discovered (Solé et al. 2015 a). The most striking feature of the fossils from Aumelas is their small size compared to other Oxyaenoides material. The teeth are 15 % smaller than those of O. lindgreni and 25 % smaller than those of O. bicuspidens and O. schlosseri. The size of the new taxon is actually almost equivalent to that of Preregidens langebadrae (Saint-Papoul; c. MP 8 + 9). Oxyaenoides aumelasiensis n. sp. differs from those of O. lindgreni and O. bicuspidens by a more buccally aligned metastyle on upper molars. It also differs from O. bicuspidens and O. schlosseri by a mesially oriented protoconid – this feature accommodates an elongate preprotocristid, a structure found on cutting molars. Oxyaenoides aumelasiensis n. sp. appears more primitive than northwestern species by having a buccally aligned metastyle on upper molars and the less retroflexed protoconid on molars. To conclude, the fossils of Oxyaenoides aumelasiensis n. sp. share with the other Oxyaenoides species several features including: a reduced metaconid and reduced talonid morphology. However, based on the small size and distinctive features, we distinguish O. aumelasiensis n. sp. from previously described species of Oxyaenoides. The fossils from Aumelas are important because they are the first to provide so much information on the morphology of the upper premolars of the genus Oxyaenoides. The fossils from Aumelas represent the smallest hypercarnivorous hyaenodont ever discovered in the Ypresian and Lutetian.	en	Solé, Floréal, Marandat, Bernard, Lihoreau, Fabrice (2020): The hyaenodonts (Mammalia) from the French locality of Aumelas (Hérault), with possible new representatives from the late Ypresian. Geodiversitas 42 (13): 185-214, DOI: 10.5252/geodiversitas2020v42a13
03C08782FFD2FFEBFC5C3B94FB8BF85E.taxon	description	(Fig. 3) urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: DA 2667 CF-BFAD- 4 CFD-AFE 0 - E 9 B 1416140 D 2	en	Solé, Floréal, Marandat, Bernard, Lihoreau, Fabrice (2020): The hyaenodonts (Mammalia) from the French locality of Aumelas (Hérault), with possible new representatives from the late Ypresian. Geodiversitas 42 (13): 185-214, DOI: 10.5252/geodiversitas2020v42a13
03C08782FFD2FFEBFC5C3B94FB8BF85E.taxon	materials_examined	HOLOTYPE. — UM-AUM 54, right mandible bearing p 3 to m 3.	en	Solé, Floréal, Marandat, Bernard, Lihoreau, Fabrice (2020): The hyaenodonts (Mammalia) from the French locality of Aumelas (Hérault), with possible new representatives from the late Ypresian. Geodiversitas 42 (13): 185-214, DOI: 10.5252/geodiversitas2020v42a13
03C08782FFD2FFEBFC5C3B94FB8BF85E.taxon	etymology	ETYMOLOGY. — Meridianum (Latin) means from the Midi, the south. In reference to the fact that the species is recorded only in the southern part of France.	en	Solé, Floréal, Marandat, Bernard, Lihoreau, Fabrice (2020): The hyaenodonts (Mammalia) from the French locality of Aumelas (Hérault), with possible new representatives from the late Ypresian. Geodiversitas 42 (13): 185-214, DOI: 10.5252/geodiversitas2020v42a13
03C08782FFD2FFEBFC5C3B94FB8BF85E.taxon	materials_examined	REFERRED SPECIMENS FROM AUMELAS. — UM-AUM 530, right maxillary fragment bearing M 2 and M 3. OTHER REFERRED SPECIMENS. — MNHN. F. RZ 142, right mandible bearing p 2 - p 4 and m 3.	en	Solé, Floréal, Marandat, Bernard, Lihoreau, Fabrice (2020): The hyaenodonts (Mammalia) from the French locality of Aumelas (Hérault), with possible new representatives from the late Ypresian. Geodiversitas 42 (13): 185-214, DOI: 10.5252/geodiversitas2020v42a13
03C08782FFD2FFEBFC5C3B94FB8BF85E.taxon	description	HORIZON AND AGE. — Lacustrine limestone of Montpellier, proposed as Lutetian in age in previous study but here considered possibly late Ypresian / early Lutetian in age	en	Solé, Floréal, Marandat, Bernard, Lihoreau, Fabrice (2020): The hyaenodonts (Mammalia) from the French locality of Aumelas (Hérault), with possible new representatives from the late Ypresian. Geodiversitas 42 (13): 185-214, DOI: 10.5252/geodiversitas2020v42a13
03C08782FFD2FFEBFC5C3B94FB8BF85E.taxon	distribution	TYPE LOCALITY. — Aumelas, Hérault, France. OTHER LOCALITY. — Rouzilhac, Aude, France (Ypresian-Lutetian?; MP 10 b, Godinot et al. 2018)	en	Solé, Floréal, Marandat, Bernard, Lihoreau, Fabrice (2020): The hyaenodonts (Mammalia) from the French locality of Aumelas (Hérault), with possible new representatives from the late Ypresian. Geodiversitas 42 (13): 185-214, DOI: 10.5252/geodiversitas2020v42a13
03C08782FFD2FFEBFC5C3B94FB8BF85E.taxon	diagnosis	DIAGNOSIS. — The new species is smaller than Leonhardtina godinoti (5 % based on the length of the molars) and Leonhardtina gracilis (20 %). It also differs from these species by a narrower postfossid on molars, and by relatively larger p 3 relative to p 4.	en	Solé, Floréal, Marandat, Bernard, Lihoreau, Fabrice (2020): The hyaenodonts (Mammalia) from the French locality of Aumelas (Hérault), with possible new representatives from the late Ypresian. Geodiversitas 42 (13): 185-214, DOI: 10.5252/geodiversitas2020v42a13
03C08782FFD2FFEBFC5C3B94FB8BF85E.taxon	description	MEASUREMENTS. — Table 4. DESCRIPTION The upper teeth are represented by the M 2 and M 3 (Fig. 3 A, B). The M 2 is characterized by the separation of the paracone and metacone. These cusps appear to be of similar height. The parastyle is well-developed. The metastyle is long and mainly buccally aligned. The protocone is extended buccolingually and mesiodistally short. The protofossa is worn. The M 3 is buccolingually elongated. The parastyle is long. Only the paracone is visible; the metacone-metaconule area is broken. The protocone is almost as tall as the paracone. A paraconule is discernable. The mandible is deep (Fig. 3 C, D). The coronoid crest is slightly distally inclined; the angle between the coronoid crest and the body of the dentary is close to 100 °. As in the two other hyaenodonts from Aumelas, a deep fossa for the insertion of the temporal muscle is present along the anterior margin of the coronoid crest. The p 3 is elongated mesiodistally and is longer than the p 4 (Table 4). The tooth is too damaged to describe its morphology (Fig. 3 F-H). The p 4 probably had a paraconid, but the anterior part of the tooth is too damaged to be sure. The protoconid is robust. The talonid is short in length and bears two cusps: a hypoconid and a lingually located entoconid. The molars are similar in morphology except the m 3 has a narrower and more mesiodistally elongated talonid than m 1 and m 2 (Fig. 3 F-H). The three teeth have a sharply pointed and mesiodistally compressed trigonid. The paraconid is lingually located relative to the protoconid. The metaconid is buccolingually aligned with the protoconid. The apexes of the metaconid and paraconid are worn preventing comparison of cusp height; the paraconid was however probably shorter in height than the metaconid. The talonid is almost as wide as the trigonid. The postfossid is narrow. The three talonid cusps are well individualized and bulbous. The talonid is labially oriented relative to the horizontal ramus as in primitive hyaenodonts (e. g., Prototomus, Eoproviverra). The hypoconulid is slightly taller than the two other talonid cusps. The hypoconulid and entoconid are close together. On the molars, the three talonid cusps are well-defined. The precingulid seems to have been present as well as an incipient postcingulid, but this is uncertain due to taphonomic processes. No ectocingulid is present.	en	Solé, Floréal, Marandat, Bernard, Lihoreau, Fabrice (2020): The hyaenodonts (Mammalia) from the French locality of Aumelas (Hérault), with possible new representatives from the late Ypresian. Geodiversitas 42 (13): 185-214, DOI: 10.5252/geodiversitas2020v42a13
03C08782FFD2FFEBFC5C3B94FB8BF85E.taxon	discussion	DISCUSSION The fossils of Leonhardtina meridianum n. sp. described differ from those of Matthodon and Oxyaenoides by their smaller size; the p 3 longer than the p 4; the wide talonid on the molars; and the sharply pointed and mesiodistally compressed trigonid of the molars. According to our phylogenetic analysis (see below), Leonhardtina is closely related to Preregidens langebadrae. This latter species is only represented by one mandible discovered at Saint-Papoul (MP 8 + 9; France) (Solé et al. 2015 a). Preregidens shares with Leonhardtina the presence of mesiodistally short trigonid and buccolingually narrow postfossid on molars. However, Preregidens differs from L. gracilis and L. meridianum n. sp. by having buccolingually narrower talonid on molars, the absence of postcingulid on molars, shorter talonid on m 3, and possibly the p 3 shorter than the p 4 (the p 3 is only represented by its alveoli on the sole known fossil of Preregidens). Preregidens also differs from L. gracilis by having a higher and sharper p 4. The p 3 longer than the p 4, the wide talonid on the molars, and the sharply pointed and mesiodistally compressed trigonid of the molars are features that characterize the small hyaenodonts Leonhardtina, Proviverra, Lesmesodon, and Allopterodon, which form a clade in Solé et al. (2014 a, 2015 a). This clade is not recovered in the recent analyses (e. g., Borths & Stevens 2017 c, 2019) nor in the phylogenetic analysis we performed (Fig. 4). Leonhardtina meridianum n. sp. differs from Proviverra, Lesmesodon and Allopterodon by having weakly developed labial cingulids on the p 4 and the molars; the latter are indeed well-developed in the three European hyaenodontoid genera, notably Proviverra (Lange-Badré 1981; Morlo & Habersetzer 1999). Leonhardtina further differs from these genera by having more oblique cristid obliqua, and narrower talonids and postfossids on the molars. Some species of the genera Cynohyaenodon, Paracynohyaenodon, and Quercytherium are also close in size to Leonhardtina. However, these genera clearly differ from Leonhardtina by the p 3 shorter than the p 4 and a mesiodistally elongated trigonid on molars. These features also distinguish Leonhardtina from Boritia, a monospecific genus phylogenetically close to Cynohyaenodon, Paracynohyaenodon, and Quercytherium. The weakly developed labial cingulids on the molars are also found in late Ypresian and early Lutetian genus Leonhardtina. This genus is represented by two species: L. godinoti from Grauves (Ypresian, MP 10; Solé et al. 2014 a) and L. gracilis from Geiseltal-Untere Mittelkohle and Geiseltal-Obere Mittelkohle (Lutetian, MP 12 - 13; Matthes 1952; Lange-Badré & Haubold 1990). The fossils from Aumelas are smaller than other Leonhardtina species: 5 % smaller than L. godinoti and 20 % smaller than L. gracilis. The newly described fossils are 15 - 20 % larger than those of Proviverra typica, which is found with L. gracilis in Geiseltal (Lange-Badré & Haubold 1990). The new fossils also differ from the two species of Leonhardtina by having a relatively larger p 3. The ratio of p 3 length to p 4 length equals 1.21 for L. meridianum n. sp. The ratio equals 1.04 in L. godinoti and 1.08 in L. gracilis. However, the ratio in L. meridianum n. sp. may be overestimated because the p 3 and p 4 are crushed, which probably results in lengthening the p 3 measurement. Godinot et al. (2018) described a mandible discovered in the locality of Rouzilhac (Aude, France; MP 10 b) that they referred to Leonhardtina cf. gracilis. The teeth preserved on the mandible are very close in size to those preserved on UM-AUM 54 (Table 4). Moreover, the p 4 and m 3 are morphologically identical (e. g., talonid mesiodistally compressed on m 3). Because of these similarities, we propose that MNHN. F. RZ 142 and UM-AUM 54 belong to the same taxon. The p 3 and p 4 are better preserved on the fossil from Rouzilhac: the ratio p 3 length / p 4 length equals 1.3 in this specimen. This is consistent with L. meridianum n. sp. having a relatively large p 3 compared to L. godinoti and in L. gracilis. L. meridianum n. sp. differs from the other Leonhardtina species by having narrower talonids and postfossids and a more oblique cristid obliqua on the molars. The morphology of the talonids of the molars on UM-AUM 54 are similar to the earliest European hyaenodonts such as Eoproviverra (Rians; Ypresian, c. MP 7) and Parvagula (Palette, Fournes, Fordones; Ypresian, c. MP 7) rather than Leonhardtina, Allopterodon or Proviverra. The upper teeth (M 2 and M 3) are poorly preserved and not very diagnostic. However, they are morphologically similar to those of Leonhardtina gracilis in having a separated paracone and metacone; a buccally aligned metastyle; and a lingually elongated protocone. To conclude, the Leonhardtina species found at Aumelas is smaller than the two Leonhardtina species known in northwestern Europe, and has the potentially primitive feature of a narrower talonid and postfossid on molars. However, L. meridianum n. sp. has the potentially derived feature of a relatively long p 3.	en	Solé, Floréal, Marandat, Bernard, Lihoreau, Fabrice (2020): The hyaenodonts (Mammalia) from the French locality of Aumelas (Hérault), with possible new representatives from the late Ypresian. Geodiversitas 42 (13): 185-214, DOI: 10.5252/geodiversitas2020v42a13
