taxonID	type	description	language	source
03C087E1FFEF7403489AFC7FD888F9AB.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis of Nervijuncta in the Neotropical Region. Antennal segments cylindrical; gonostyli elongate, blade-like, bearing a long row of short spines along inner margin. In the Neotropical region, Nervijuncta can be promptly differentiated from Rhipidita and Calliceratomyia based on the antenna and the male terminalia. The flagellomeres in Nervijuncta are cylindrical, a plesiomorphic condition in the genus, while both Rhipidita and Calliceratomyia have flattened flagellomeres, in Calliceratomyia pectinate. Also, the gonostyli of Rhipidita are short and more or less laterally compressed, while Calliceratomyia have slightly more elongated gonostyli, but not blade-like. Nervijuncta has in both Neotropical species very long, flat gonostyli, with a long row of inner teeth. In some degree, this is also seen in some Australian species of Nervijuncta and in some Nearctic and Palearctic species of Ditomyia, but definitely not in Calliceratomyia or Rhipidita.	en	Falaschi, Rafaela Lopes, Amorim, Dalton De Souza (2009): Review of the Neotropical species of Nervijuncta Marshall, 1896 (Diptera, Ditomyiidae). Zootaxa 2219: 18-30, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.190017
03C087E1FFEC7405489AF8E2D9C2FF32.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Single light area across middle of wing; distal projection of gonocoxites dorsally less than half length of gonocoxite at midline, with a very long distal setae; gonostyli with a wide basal enlargement.	en	Falaschi, Rafaela Lopes, Amorim, Dalton De Souza (2009): Review of the Neotropical species of Nervijuncta Marshall, 1896 (Diptera, Ditomyiidae). Zootaxa 2219: 18-30, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.190017
03C087E1FFEC7405489AF8E2D9C2FF32.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Holotype 3, Brazil, State of São Paulo, Salesópolis, Boracéia, 14. viii. 1947, Rabello, E., Travassos, F. & Lane, J. col. “ Alotype ” Ƥ, same data as holotype, but ix. 1949, Travassos, E. col. Additional specimens: 1 3, Brazil, State of Santa Catarina, Nova Teutônia, 04. x. 1970, 27 º 11 ’ B, 52 º 23 ’ L, 300 – 500 m, Plaumann, F. col; 1 3, Brazil, State of Santa Catarina, Urubici, Morro Igreja, 18. viii. 2005 – 06. i. 2006, Malaise trap, Pinho, L. & Bizzo, L. col. (all specimens at MZUSP). Redescription. Male. Body, 6 mm. Wing, 5 mm. Color. Body mostly dark brown, legs and terminalia light brown, yellowish spots basally on abdominal segments. Wings maculate, mostly brownish with a brighter area across middle of wing. Head. Clypeus about twice as wide as long, yellowish, covered with scattered, brownish setulae. Frons narrow, yellowish. Eyes large, strongly emarginated above base of antennae, forming a complete eye-bridge; fine setulae among ommatidia. Three ocelli, mid ocellus minute, lateral ocelli displaced ventrally to nearly touch eye margin. Occiput brownish-yellow, covered with scattered brownish setae. Antenna twice as long as thorax; pedicel, scape and base of first flagellomere light yellow, remaining flagellomeres brownish; flagellomeres with a medial, regular whorl of setae each with large sockets (Fig. 1). Maxillary palpus brownish, with three segments, first segment wider, with numerous, scattered sensillae each with large sockets. Thorax (Fig. 2). Scutum yellow, with three longitudinal brown stripes, with scattered small setae, some larger setae along the dorsocentral lines. Scutellum brownish, yellowish laterally, with two lateral pairs of longer setae. Pleural sclerites brownish, except for the yellowish pronotum and yellowish band along the dorsal half of the katepisternum; katepisternum with three long setae at posterior margin, other sclerites bare. Antepronotum present as a wide stripe anterior to the mesonotum; postpronotum slender, elongate, with a large anterior seta and two small, posterior setae. Proepisternum and proepimeron slender. Primary anapleural suture complete, curved, katepisternum extending dorsally along anterior margin of the anepisternum. Mesepimeron restricted to the dorsal part of the thorax due to the fusion of the katepisternum posteriorly to the laterotergite; laterotergite relatively small, not protruded, mediotergite nearly straight in lateral view. Metepisternum large, but weakly sclerotized, metepimeron scarcely visible. Postnotal phragma short, just ventral to the mediotergite, well sclerotized. Halter light brownish, a yellowish macula on pedicel. Legs. Legs light brown, very long and thin. Fore and mid coxa with elongate setae distally on anterior face, hind coxa with a group of basal posterior setae and some posterior apical setae. Tibiae covered with dark, dense, scattered setae. Front tibial spur almost twice as long as diameter of tibial apex; mid and hind tibial spurs largely unequal in length, the larger one almost twice length of tibial apex, the smaller very short. Wing (Fig. 3). Wing brownish, lighter area across middle of wing. Wing membrane covered with macrotrichia on distal two thirds, basal third more setose on anal lobe; microtrichia covering entire wing membrane. C extending beyond apex of R 5; Sc incomplete, not reaching origin of Rs; Rs originating before middle of wing, extending almost straight to point of contact of r-m, distal third of first sector of Rs weakly sclerotized; R 4 originating just before apex of R 1, not too long, oblique, with an evident angle close to origin; r-m almost absent, base of M 1 + 2 almost fused to Rs; bM entirely absent; M 1 + 2 long, medial fork originating just below base of R 4; m-cu long, almost longitudinal; CuA clearly curved close to apex; A 1 complete. All posterior wing veins with macrotrichia except first sector of Rs, first sector of CuA, M 3 + 4, m-cu, and basal half of A 1. M 2, M 4 and CuA more sclerotized than M 1 + 2, M 1, and A 1. Abdomen. Abdomen elongate, segments longer than wide; segments brown with a yellowish basal band on segments II to VII. Terminalia (Fig. 4 – 6). Gonocoxites fused to each other ventrally, forming a syngonocoxite, but also dorsally; a pair of short, distal dorsal projection of gonocoxites about twice as long as the width, ending in a distinctively long bristle. Gonostyli very long and flattened, tapering to the apex, with a curved tip, inner margin blade-like, with a row of about 100 teeth-like spines, slightly separated from each other, base of gonostylus expanded inwards (Fig. 5). Tegmen longer than wider, rugose laterally; aedeagus with a pair of lateral extensions basally, cupshape at apex (Fig. 6). Tergite 9 small, slightly longer than the width, covering the “ opening ” left by the dorsal fusion of the gonocoxites; cerci elongated, setose, with a fold at apex forming a distal lobe.	en	Falaschi, Rafaela Lopes, Amorim, Dalton De Souza (2009): Review of the Neotropical species of Nervijuncta Marshall, 1896 (Diptera, Ditomyiidae). Zootaxa 2219: 18-30, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.190017
03C087E1FFEC7405489AF8E2D9C2FF32.taxon	description	Female. Similar to the male (including size), though lighter markings of mesonotum, halters and abdominal bands. The allotype is missing the head, so the eye-bridge cannot be verified. Terminalia (Fig. 7). Sternite 8 elongated, longer than wide, a deep notch almost dividing sclerite in two, long setae on digitiform projections distally. Tergite 8 well developed. Sternite 9 (vaginal furca) as long as sternite 8, sides of basal extension parallel. Tergite 10 short, sternite 10 not recognizable. Basal segment of cerci short, apical segment short, with apical digitiform projections bearing longer setae.	en	Falaschi, Rafaela Lopes, Amorim, Dalton De Souza (2009): Review of the Neotropical species of Nervijuncta Marshall, 1896 (Diptera, Ditomyiidae). Zootaxa 2219: 18-30, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.190017
03C087E1FFEC7405489AF8E2D9C2FF32.taxon	discussion	Comments. N. laffooni has a single lighter area across the first section of Rs, base of M 1 + 2 and base of M 4, while the only other Neotropical species of the genus, N. conjuncta, has two light transverse areas across the wing. The gonostyli in N. laffooni are longer than in N. conjuncta, wider at the base and thinner at apex. The distal projections of the gonocoxites dorsal to the insertion of the gonostyli are shorter in N. laffooni, than in N. conjuncta. The head of the only female specimen of N. laffooni is missing, so it is not possible to confirm whether the eye-bridge in females of this species is complete, as in males.	en	Falaschi, Rafaela Lopes, Amorim, Dalton De Souza (2009): Review of the Neotropical species of Nervijuncta Marshall, 1896 (Diptera, Ditomyiidae). Zootaxa 2219: 18-30, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.190017
03C087E1FFE97409489AFE99DE9CFE81.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Two light transverse areas across wing; distal projection of gonocoxites dorsally as long as length of gonocoxite at midline; gonostyli not conspicuously enlarged basally.	en	Falaschi, Rafaela Lopes, Amorim, Dalton De Souza (2009): Review of the Neotropical species of Nervijuncta Marshall, 1896 (Diptera, Ditomyiidae). Zootaxa 2219: 18-30, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.190017
03C087E1FFE97409489AFE99DE9CFE81.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined. Ƥ, Chile, Osorno, Pucatrihue 10. ii. 1980, Duret, J. P. col.; 3, Argentina, Neuquen, Parque Nacional Lanin, 07. x. 1971, Duret, J. P. col. (MNHN); 3, same data, but 09. xi. 1971; 3, same data, but 15. xi. 1973 (all specimens of MNHN). Redescription. Male. Body, 6 mm. Wing, 4 mm. Color. Body mostly dark brown, legs light brown, yellowish bands basally on abdominal segments. Wings maculate, mostly brownish, with two brighter areas across the wing. Head. Brown, darker around the ocelli; face yellowish; palpi brown, remainder of mouthparts yellow or brownish. Clypeus about twice as wide as long, yellowish. Eyes large, eye-bridge hardly extending above eye; fine setulae among ommatidia. Occiput brownish, covered with scattered brownish setae. Antenna twice as long as thorax; pedicel, scape and base of first flagellomere light yellowish, remaining flagellomeres brownish; flagellomeres covered with brownish setae. Maxillary palpus brownish, with three segments, first segment wider. Thorax. Mainly brownish; prothorax yellowish; Scutum yellow, with three longitudinal brown stripes, yellowish laterally, anteriorly to wing base, scattered small setae, some larger setae along the dorsocentral lines; small setae scattered on the scutum; some larger setae along the dorsocentral lines. Scutellum brownish, yellowish laterally, with two strong scutellar bristles. Pleural sclerites brownish, except for the yellowish pronotum and yellowish band along the dorsal half of the katepisternum; katepisternum with three long setae at posterior margin, other sclerites bare. Antepronotum present as a wide stripe anterior to the mesonotum; postpronotum slender, elongate, with a large anterior seta and two small, posterior setae. Proepisternum and proepimeron slender. Primary anapleural suture complete, curved, katepisternum extending dorsally along anterior margin of the anepisternum. Mesepimeron restricted to the dorsal part of the thorax due to the fusion of the katepisternum posteriorly to the laterotergite; laterotergite relatively small, not protruded, mediotergite nearly straight in lateral view. Metepisternum large, but weakly sclerotized, metepimeron scarcely visible. Postnotal phragma short, just ventral to the mediotergite, well sclerotized. Halter light brownish, a yellowish macula on pedicel. Halter entire yellowish. Legs. Legs light brownish, very long and thin. Fore coxa yellowish and with elongate setae distally on anterior face; mid coxa with a group of basal anterior setae and hind coxa with a group of lateral setae. Tibiae covered with dark, dense, scattered setae. Front tibial spur almost twice as long as diameter of tibial apex; mid and hind tibial spurs largely unequal in length, the larger one almost twice length of tibial apex, the smaller very short. Wing (Fig. 8). Wing brownish, two light transverse areas across the wing. Wing more densely covered with macrotrichiae on distal half, with macrotrichiae also on anal lobe; microtrichiae covering entire wing membrane. C extending very shortly beyond apex of R 5; Sc incomplete, not reaching level of origin of Rs; Rs originating at basal third of wing; first sector of Rs short, sinuose, well sclerotized; R 4 long, originating basally to medial fork, oblique, without clear angle close to origin; r-m absent, base of M 1 + 2 clearly fused to Rs; bM entirely absent; M 1 + 2 long, medial fork originating slightly basal to apex of R 1; m-cu long, almost longitudinal; CuA clearly curved close to apex; A 1 very faint at apex. All posterior wing veins with macrotrichia except first sector of Rs, basal half of first sector of CuA, M 3 + 4, m-cu, and basal third of A 1. M 2, M 4 and CuA more sclerotized than M 1 + 2, M 1, and A 1. Abdomen. Brown, apices of segments obscurely pale; Abdomen elongate, segments wider than long; segments brown with a yellowish basal band on segments II to VII. Terminalia (Fig. 9 – 11). Gonocoxites fused to each other ventrally, forming a syngonocoxite, but also dorsally, distal dorsal projection of gonocoxites about three times the width, no distinctive distal bristle. Gonostyli long and flattened, thinner at apex, but not blunt, inner margin blade-like, with a row of about 100 teeth-like spines, slightly separated from each other, base of gonostylus not expanded inwards (Fig. 10). Tegmen longer than wide; aedeagus with no lateral expansions at base, with an irregular shape at apex (Fig. 11). Tergite 9 small, weakly sclerotized, slightly longer than wide, covering the “ opening ” left by the dorsal fusion of the gonocoxites; cerci longer than tergite 9 and folded.	en	Falaschi, Rafaela Lopes, Amorim, Dalton De Souza (2009): Review of the Neotropical species of Nervijuncta Marshall, 1896 (Diptera, Ditomyiidae). Zootaxa 2219: 18-30, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.190017
03C087E1FFE97409489AFE99DE9CFE81.taxon	description	Female. Similar to male (including size). Terminalia (Fig. 12). Sternite 8 slightly wider than long, medial distal notch entirely dividing sternite into two separate sclerites, individual digitiform projections distally with either long or short setae. Tergite 8 well developed. Sternite 9 (vaginal furca) extending anteriorly slightly beyond base of sternite 8, parallel sides, very slender. Tergite 10 short, sternite 10 wide, quite membraneous. Basal and distal segments of cerci elongate, longer setae not on digitiform projections.	en	Falaschi, Rafaela Lopes, Amorim, Dalton De Souza (2009): Review of the Neotropical species of Nervijuncta Marshall, 1896 (Diptera, Ditomyiidae). Zootaxa 2219: 18-30, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.190017
03C087E1FFE97409489AFE99DE9CFE81.taxon	discussion	Comments. The species was originally described in Ditomyia and the first time it appears as a Nervijuncta species was in the catalogue of the family in the Neotropical Region (Papavero 1977), but without indicating that it was a new combination. For the differences with N. laffooni, see above.	en	Falaschi, Rafaela Lopes, Amorim, Dalton De Souza (2009): Review of the Neotropical species of Nervijuncta Marshall, 1896 (Diptera, Ditomyiidae). Zootaxa 2219: 18-30, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.190017
