identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03C0820EFFADFFB6FF7FAD9EFACC2569.text	03C0820EFFADFFB6FF7FAD9EFACC2569.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Crossopalpus aenescens (Wiedemann 1830)	<div><p>Crossopalpus aenescens (Wiedemann)</p><p>(Fig. 1)</p><p>Drapetis aenescens Wiedemann, 1830: 649 . Type locality: “the Cape ” [South Africa].</p><p>Drapetis crassa Loew, 1858: 341 . Type locality: “the Cape ” [South Africa].</p><p>Stilpon obscuripes Adams, 1905: 156, syn. nov. Type locality: Salisbury, Rhodesia [Zimbabwe].</p><p>Stilpon obscuripes: Smith, 1969: 51 (key); Smith, 1980: 433 (catalogue).</p><p>Crossopalpus obscuripes (Adams): Cumming &amp; Cooper, 1992: 980.</p><p>Type material examined. Stilpon obscuripes: LECTOTYPE (here designated in order to fix identity of the species) ♀ labelled: “ Salisbury [Rhodesia= Zimbabwe]/ S. Africa,/ F.L.Snow ”; “ Oct 1900 / 5050 ft ”; “COTYPE/ S./ obscuripes/ C.F. Adams [red label]”; “ Stilpon / obscuripes/ Adams [red bordered label]”; “ LECTOTYPE / of Stilpon / obscuripes Adams / des. Cumming &amp; Sinclair 2014 [red label]” (SMEK) . PARALECTOTYPE: Same data as lectotype (1 ♀, SMEK) .</p><p>Additional material examined. Botswana: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=26.725382&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-22.16566" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 26.725382/lat -22.16566)">Serowe Farmer’s Brigade</a> [22°9'56.38"S 26°43'31.37"E], viii.1991, Malaise trap (2 ♀, CMNH) . Madagascar: Mahajanga Prov., <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=44.828056&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-19.141945" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 44.828056/lat -19.141945)">Parc Nat. Tsingy de Bermaraha</a>, 50 m, 19°8'31"S 44°49'41"E, 6–10.xi.2001, Malaise trap, tropical dry forest (1 ♂, 2 ♀, CAS) ; Mahajanga Prov., <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=44.440556&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-19.021389" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 44.440556/lat -19.021389)">Forêt de Tsimembo</a>, 20 m, 19°1'17"S 44°26'26"E, 21–25.xi.2001, Malaise trap, tropical dry forest (1 ♂, 1 ♀, CAS) ; Toliara Prov., Forêt de Mahavelo, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=46.157223&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-24.758333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 46.157223/lat -24.758333)">Isantoria River</a>, 110 m, 24°45'30"S 46°9'26"E, 28.i.–1.ii.2002, Malaise trap, spiny forest thicket (18 ♂, 22 ♀, CAS) ; Toliara Prov., <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=43.880554&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-23.992222" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 43.880554/lat -23.992222)">Parc Nat. de Tsimanampetsotsa Forêt de Bemanateza</a>, 90 m, 23°59'32"S 43°52'50"E, 22–26.iii.2002, Malaise trap, spiny forest thicket (1 ♂, CAS) ; Toliara Prov., <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=44.662224&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-20.045" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 44.662224/lat -20.045)">Forêt de Kirindy</a>, 100 m, 20°2'42"S 44°39'44"E, 28.xi.–3.xii.2001, at light, tropical dry forest (1 ♂, 1 ♀, CAS) . Namibia: Caprivi <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=21.741945&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-18.165556" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 21.741945/lat -18.165556)">Pk</a>, 18°9'56''S 21°44'31''E, 16–18.xii.1999 (1 ♀, NMNW) ; Katima Mulilo District, Ndopu, Malaise trap (1 ♂, AMGS) ; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=15.749445&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-22.377777" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 15.749445/lat -22.377777)">Karibib District</a>, 22°22'40''S 15°44'58''E, 13–15.iv.2001, Malaise trap (2 ♂, 1 ♀, NMNW) ; Kaudom Game Res., <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=20.866667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-18.666666" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 20.866667/lat -18.666666)">Leeupan</a>, 18°40'S 20°52'E, 25.ii.1992 (1 ♀, NMNW) ; Kavango, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=21.55&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-18.116667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 21.55/lat -18.116667)">Popa Falls</a>, 18°7'S 21°33'E, 26–31.viii.1971 (1 ♀, NMNW) ; Khorixas District, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=13.90861&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-20.619167" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 13.90861/lat -20.619167)">Huab River</a>, 20°37'9''S 13°54'31''E, 23–26.x.1998, Malaise trap (1 ♂, 2 ♀, NMNW) ; Khorixas District, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=13.510834&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-19.847778" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 13.510834/lat -19.847778)">Crowthersquelle</a>, 19°50'52''S 13°30'39''E, 30.xi.1999 (1 ♀, NMNW) ; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=14.020278&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-19.868334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 14.020278/lat -19.868334)">Khorixas District</a>, 19°52'6''S 14°1'13''E, 4.i.2000 (3 ♂, NMNW) ; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=14.704444&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-19.836668" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 14.704444/lat -19.836668)">Khorixas District</a>, river, 19°50'12''S 14°42'16''E, 24–26.v.2001 (1 ♂, NMNW) ; Lüderitz, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=16.633333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-28.0" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 16.633333/lat -28.0)">Obib</a> waters, 28°0'S 16°38'E, 19–21.ix.1997, 22–26.viii.1998 (5 ♂, 6 ♀, NMNW) ; Lüderitz, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=16.866667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-28.1" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 16.866667/lat -28.1)">Orange River</a>, 28°6'S 16°52'E, 19.ix.1997 (1 ♂, NMNW) ; Omaruru District, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=14.110001&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-20.968056" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 14.110001/lat -20.968056)">Ugab River</a>, 20°58'5''S 14°6'36''E, 21–24.x.1998, Malaise trap (2 ♂, 1 ♀, NMNW) ; Opuwo District, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=13.618334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-19.120834" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 13.618334/lat -19.120834)">Seafontein Fort</a>, 19°7'15''S 13°37'6''E, 1–3.i.2000 (1 ♀, NMNW) ; Ovamboland, ix.–26.x., 6.x.–7.xii.1993 (32 ♂, 18 ♀, NMNW); Rundu District, Katara Okavango <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=18.893888&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-17.815556" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 18.893888/lat -17.815556)">River</a>, 17°48'56''S 18°53'38''E, 20–23.i.1998 (2 ♂, 2 ♀, NMNW) ; Skeleton Coast Pk, Kunene <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=11.783334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-17.266666" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 11.783334/lat -17.266666)">River</a> mouth, 17°16'S 11°47'E, 20–22.iv.1994 (2 ♂, 5 ♀, NMNW) ; Windhork District, Greylingshof, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=16.766666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-23.483334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 16.766666/lat -23.483334)">Gaub Canyon</a>, Malaise trap, 23°29'S 16°46'E, 2–3.x.1999 (21 ♂, 10 ♀, NMNW) . South Africa: Northern Cape Prov., 15 km N Nieuwoudtville, 27.ix.1990 (1 ♀, BMSA) ; Free State, Brandfort, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=26.070566&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-28.767317" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 26.070566/lat -28.767317)">Florisbad Res. Stat.</a>, 28°46.039'S 26°04.234'E, 4–6.iv.2009, Savanna (2 ♂, 1 ♀, BMSA) ; Kruger NP, Skukuza, Malaise trap, 15–18.xii.1985 (1 ♀, CNC); 15 kmE Klaserie, 19–31.xii.1985 (1 ♀, CNC); Western Cape, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=21.6275&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-33.36347" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 21.6275/lat -33.36347)">Gamkaskloof</a>, 33°21.808'S 21°37.650'E, 16–18.x.2012 (1 ♂, 3 ♀, CNC) ; <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=32.44&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-27.15" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 32.44/lat -27.15)">Zululand. Ingwavuma Manzengwenya</a>, 27.15S 32.44E, 11.xi.1982, coastal bush (1 ♀, AMGS) . Uganda: Bwamba, 16–18.vii.1975 (2 ♂, 5 ♀, CNC) . Zimbabwe: Same data as lectotype, except in swamp (1 ♀, SMEK); except v.1901 (1 ♀, SMEK) .</p><p>Diagnosis. Moderately large mostly black species, 2.5–3.5 mm in length. Head, except ventral gena, clypeus and proboscis, covered in grey tomentum; palpus dark brown to black, densely tomentose; antenna dark brown to black. Thorax with scutum shiny black, covered in long pale hair-like setae; pleura shiny black with patches of grey tomentum on postpronotal lobe, proepisternum, proepimeron, anepisternum and anepimeron, with band of grey tomentum running from ventral katepisternum to laterotergite and metepimeron. Legs yellowish brown to brown with femora (except apices) black, apical tarsomeres brown to black; hind femur without long anterodorsal setae; hind tibia with long ventral setae. Wing hyaline with brown veins; R 4+5 and M 1 convergent apically. Halter pale yellow. Abdomen shiny black, covered in long pale hair-like setae; tergite 3 not thickened medially along posterior margin; tergite 4 desclerotized anteriorly with eversible paired sacs that contain long hair-like microtrichia, sacs concealed underneath tergite 3 as described by Shamshev et al. (2005) for other species in Crossopalpus aenescens -group. Male genitalia large, longer than tergites 6–7 combined; right surstylus divided into two projected lobes, lower lobe (positionally) expanded apically and truncate (see Smith 1967, fig. 3), upper lobe (positionally) elongate and rounded apically (see Smith 1967, fig. 4). Female terminalia with cercus black.</p><p>Remarks. Crossopalpus aenescens has been recorded from Chad, Democratic Republic of Congo, Namibia, Sierra Leone, South Africa, Sudan, Tanzania and Uganda (Smith 1967, 1969, 1980; Grootaert &amp; Shamshev 2013). The species is now also known from Botswana, Madagascar and Zimbabwe, and is often collected along shorelines. Smith (1975) indicates that records from Taiwan are probably based on misidentified specimens.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C0820EFFADFFB6FF7FAD9EFACC2569	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Cumming, Jeffrey M.;Sinclair, Bradley J.	Cumming, Jeffrey M., Sinclair, Bradley J. (2014): The status of Crossopalpus obscuripes (Adams), a new junior synonym of Crossopalpus aenescens (Wiedemann) (Diptera: Hybotidae: Tachydromiinae). Zootaxa 3872 (4): 398-400, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3872.4.8
