identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03C18791BA22FFA21CCFD5F7FC75FE31.text	03C18791BA22FFA21CCFD5F7FC75FE31.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Entoloma kumraticus A. Izhar, Kiran, Usman & Khalid	<div><p>Entoloma kumraticus A. Izhar, Kiran, Usman &amp; Khalid sp. nov. (Figs. 2 &amp; 3)</p><p>MycoBank:—MB843782</p><p>Etymology:—The specific epithet kumraticus refers to the type locality “Kumrat”.</p><p>Diagnosis:— Entoloma kumraticus closely resembles E. porphyrogriseum described from Austria but differs by having white to pallid purplish gray lamellae, significantly smaller cheilocystidia and the presence of caulocystidia.</p><p>“ Type:— PAKISTAN. Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province: Dir Upper District, Kumrat, among grass, on soil under Cedrus deodara, 35.5369˚ N, 72.2193˚ E, 2232 m, 25 July 2019, A. N. Khalid K -218, (LAH 36945!; ITS: MZ 157265; LSU: MZ 157269).”</p><p>Description:— Pileus 1.8–2.5 cm in diam., hemispherical, convex to plano-convex, deeply depressed at disc, deflexed towards margin, margin entire to sulcate-striate, dark aniline blue (X55) at center changing to prout`s brown (XV15’) to mummy brown (XV17’) towards margin, pileal surface radially fibrillose, dry, velutinous, shiny when moist, slightly hygrophanous. Lamellae adnate, slightly adnexed, sub-distant, white (LIII) to pallid purplish gray (LIII 67’””), regular, some crisped, edges serrulate, lamellulae abundant, present in 2–3 tiers. Stipe 3.2–5 × 0.3–0.6 cm, cylindrical with slightly tapered base, hollow, pale neutral gray (LIII d) to purplish gray (LIII 67””) at apex, pallid bluish violet (X 57f) towards base, fibrillose, minutely pubescent all over, dry, some with white (LIII) tomentose base. Odor mild.</p><p>Basidiospores [40/2/2], (8–)9–11(–12) × (6.1–)6.4–8 µm, (avL × avW= 9.7 × 7.3 µm), Q = 1.25–1.38, avQ = 1.32, heterodiametrical with 4–6 weak angles, thin-walled, olive yellow (XXX 23”) in KOH, inamyloid, mono-guttulate. Basidia (29–)33–44(47–) × (9–) 10–11(12) µm, (avL × avW = 38 × 10.5 µm), broadly clavate, hyaline in KOH, mostly 4-spored, occasionally 2-spored, guttulate, clamp connections absent. Lamella edge sterile, cheilocystidia abundant, 12–34 × 4.9–8.4 µm, cylindroclavate, some flexuous, thin-walled, hyaline in KOH, with 2-3 basal cells, nonguttulate. Hymenophoral trama regular, composed of cylindrical hyphae with inflated cells, 80 – 125 × 4 – 9 µm, brilliant granules abundant. Pileipellis a cutis of loose cylindrical hyphae, in transition to a trichoderm towards the pileal center where the hyphae are repent, with inflated, clavate terminal elements, 30–93 × 15–25 µm, cells of suprapellis 22–80 × 9–11 µm, a subpellis of relatively narrow, septate, cylindrical hyphae, 3–7 µm wide, (avW = 5 µm), pigments intracellular in terminal cells, grayish brown in water, relatively dark brown in KOH, clamp connections absent. Stipitipellis a cutis of cylindrical hyphae, with cylindrical to clavate terminal elements, 19–33 × 1.6–5.8 µm, mostly hyaline in KOH, some terminal elements with dark brown brilliant granules, strongly refracting, hyphae regular, septate, rarely branched, clamp connections absent. Caulocystidia clavate to narrowly clavate, versiform, 24 – 64 × 7 – 15 μm, scattered.</p><p>Additional material examined: PAKISTAN. Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province: Dir Upper District, Kumrat, mostly solitary on moss covered soil under Cedrus deodara, 35.5369˚ N, 72.2193˚ E, 2232 m, 15 August 2018, M. Usman &amp; A. N. Khalid K -219, (LAH 36946!; ITS: MZ 157266; LSU: MZ 157270) .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C18791BA22FFA21CCFD5F7FC75FE31	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Izhar, Aiman;Usman, Muhammad;Kiran, Munazza;Khalid, Abdul Nasir	Izhar, Aiman, Usman, Muhammad, Kiran, Munazza, Khalid, Abdul Nasir (2022): Two new species of Entoloma (Entolomataceae) from Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Phytotaxa 574 (3): 226-240, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.574.3.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.574.3.2
03C18791BA20FFA21CCFD729FD19F96D.text	03C18791BA20FFA21CCFD729FD19F96D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Entoloma dirensis A. Izhar & Khalid	<div><p>Entoloma dirensis A. Izhar &amp; Khalid sp. nov. (Figs. 4 &amp; 5)</p><p>MycoBank: MB843783</p><p>Etymology:—The specific epithet dirensis refers to the type locality “Dir”.</p><p>Diagnosis:— Entoloma dirensis is differentiated from the closely related E. catalaunicum by having smaller cheilocystidia (20.9 × 8.8 µm), broader elements of pileipellis (15–55 µm wide) and lack of caulocystidia.</p><p>“ Type:— PAKISTAN. Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province: Dir Upper District, Kumrat, in groups on grassy spots under Cedrus deodara, 35.5369˚ N, 72.2193˚ E, 2232 m, 30 July 2019, A. N. Khalid KU -74, (LAH 36947!; ITS: MZ 157271; LSU: MZ 157267).”</p><p>Description:— Pileus 1.5–3.2 cm in diam., hemispherical to plano-convex, depressed at center, deflexed then involute margin, margin entire, fibrillose radially striate pileus surface, densely fibrilose at centre, initially light brownish olive (XXX 19”) to Saccardo’s umber (XXIX 17”) pileus, dark dull violet-blue (XXIV 53*) near margin, dry, dull, hygrophanous. Lamellae marginate, sub-decurrent, ventricose, moderately distant, white to pale violet (XXXVII 61”) with blackish brown (XXXIX 1”’) margin, uneven, edges serrulate, lamellulae abundant, in 1–2 tiers. Stipe 4.5–5.5 × 0.4–0.7 cm, cylindrical, slightly swollen at base, hollow, Vanderpoel’s violet (XXXVI 55”) at apex, dark Tyrian blue (XXXIV 47”) towards base, fibrillose striate, finely pruinose at upper part, not shiny, dry, white (L III) base tomentose. Odor and taste not recorded.</p><p>Basidiospores [40/2/2], (7.3–)9.6–10.9(–11) × (6.5–)6.9–8(–8.5) µm, (avL × avW = 10 × 7 µm), Q = 1.1–1.3, avQ = 1.2, heterodiametrical, with 5–7 very pronounced angles, thick-walled, hyaline in KOH, inamyloid, mono- multi guttulate. Basidia 37–38.6 × 9–10 µm, (avL × avW = 38 × 9.5 µm), clavate, hyaline in KOH, frequently 4-spored, rarely 2-spored, guttulate, clamp connections absent. Lamella edge sterile, serrulatum-type, cheilocystidia abundant, (13–)14–21.8(–23) × (6.1–)6.8–11.7(–15) µm, (avL × avW = 20.9 × 8.8 µm), clavate to obovoid, thin-walled, hyaline, some cheilocystidia with brown intracellular pigment in KOH, septate, with basal cells, guttules present. Hymenophoral trama regular formed by cylindrical to inflated cells, 73 – 100 × 5 – 9 µm. Pileipellis a cutis of loose cylindrical hyphae, in transition to a trichoderm at centre where terminal elements are erect, else composed of parallel hyphae with cylindrical to clavate terminal cells, 15–55 × 6–17 µm, suprapellis formed with cells of 12–18 × 3–7 µm, a subpellis with septate hyphae 2.8–6.4 µm, avw = 4.5 µm, intracellar pigments as clumps, pale yellowish brown in water, brown in KOH, clamp connections absent. Stipitipellis a cutis of cylindrical hyphae composed of narrow cylindrical cells with narrowly clavate terminal cells, terminal cells relatively inflated, 15–27 µm, avw = 19 µm, hyaline in KOH, hyphae parallel, septate, clamp connections absent in all tissues. Caulocystidia absent.</p><p>Additional material examined: PAKISTAN. Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province: Dir Upper District, Kumrat, in meadows under Cedrus deodara, 35.5369˚ N , 72.2193˚ E, 2232 m, 12 August 2018, M . Usman &amp; A. N . Khalid KU - 75, (LAH 36948!; ITS: MZ 157272; LSU: MZ 157268) .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C18791BA20FFA21CCFD729FD19F96D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Izhar, Aiman;Usman, Muhammad;Kiran, Munazza;Khalid, Abdul Nasir	Izhar, Aiman, Usman, Muhammad, Kiran, Munazza, Khalid, Abdul Nasir (2022): Two new species of Entoloma (Entolomataceae) from Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Phytotaxa 574 (3): 226-240, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.574.3.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.574.3.2
03C18791BA2DFFAE1CCFD2A5FA73FE74.text	03C18791BA2DFFAE1CCFD2A5FA73FE74.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Entoloma (Fr. 1838) P. Kumm. 1871	<div><p>A key to Entoloma species in sect. Cyanula reported from Pakistan</p><p>1a. Pileus hygrophanous/slightly hygrophanus........................................................................................................................................2</p><p>1b. Pileus non-hygrophanous ...................................................................................................................................................................3</p><p>2a. lamellae white to pale violet...............................................................................................................................................................4 2b. lamellae white to pallid purplish gray ..........................................................................................................................................5</p><p>3a. Pileus violet black, gray to brown; lamellae white; basidiospores 8.5–12 × 6–8 µm with 5–8 angles; pileipellis a trichoderm, violet brown granular, cheilocystidia present ............................................................................................................................ E. mougeotii</p><p>3b. Pileus greenish yellow to reddish brown; lamellae greenish pink; basidiospores 9.8 – 11 × 6–7 µm with 6–8 angles; pileipellis a cutis, lack of granules, cheilocystidia absent.................................................................................................................... E. incanum</p><p>4. Pileus brownish olive to dull violet blue; basidiospores 7– 11 × 6.5–8.5 µm with 5–7 angles; cheilocystidia present, pileipellis a cutis in transition to a trichoderm, yellowish brown granules, caulocystidia absent ......................................................... E. dirensis</p><p>5. Pileus dark blue to brown; basidiospores 8–12 × 6–8 µm with 4–6 angles; cheilocystidia present; pileipellis a cutis in transition to a trichoderm, brown granules, caulocystidia present ................................................................................................... E. kumraticus</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C18791BA2DFFAE1CCFD2A5FA73FE74	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Izhar, Aiman;Usman, Muhammad;Kiran, Munazza;Khalid, Abdul Nasir	Izhar, Aiman, Usman, Muhammad, Kiran, Munazza, Khalid, Abdul Nasir (2022): Two new species of Entoloma (Entolomataceae) from Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Phytotaxa 574 (3): 226-240, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.574.3.2, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.574.3.2
