taxonID	type	description	language	source
03CE87CC6B03FFBE6D8EFB5FFD1CFAD8.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. Body small, length 2.00 – 2.60 mm. Antenna 10 - segmented (Fig. 3). Prosternum with distinct intercoxal carinae, almost reaching the anterior margin (Fig. 7). Humeral calli distinct. Abdominal postcoxal line incomplete, never reaching lateral margin of ventrite (Fig. 6). Penis slender with developed capsule (Fig. 19). Parameres of the tegmen usually with two groups of long setae (Fig. 21).	en	Chen, Xiao-Sheng, Ren, Shun-Xiang, Wang, Xing-Min (2012): Revision of the subgenus Scymnus (Parapullus) Yang from China (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). Zootaxa 3174: 22-34, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.279895
03CE87CC6B03FFBE6D8EFB5FFD1CFAD8.taxon	description	Description. Body elongate oval, moderately convex, with pubescence, widest at the middle of elytra (Figs. 10 – 17). Head relatively small; frons broad, weakly convex, finely punctuate, about one-half as wide as head; innerocular margin slightly arcuated. Clypeus slightly incurvate anteriorly. Antennae 10 - segmented (Fig. 3), 1 st antennomere stout, curved and slightly rounded on outer side; 2 nd a little narrower than and two times as long as 1 st, 3 rd obviously longer than 4 th. Antennal club compact, 3 - segmented. Labrum transverse with lateral margin almost rounded. Mandible bifid apically with a molar tooth at the base (Fig. 4). Terminal maxillary palpomere stout with lateral margins almost parallel, apical strongly obliquely truncate (Fig. 1). Labial palps 3 - segmented, terminal palpomere blunt (Fig. 2). Pronotum moderately convex, lateral margins curved, at middle of length twice as wide as long. Pronotal hypomeron broad without delimited foveae. Prosternal process moderately wide, quadrate, with nearly parallel carinae, joining anterior margin (Fig. 7). Scutellum small, triangular. Elytra distinctly wider at base than pronotum. Humeral calli rather prominent. Disc finely punctured. Elytral epipleuron narrow and terminated at level of hind coxae. Abdomen with six ventrites. Abdominal postcoxal lines incomplete (Fig. 6), slightly recurved toward the base of ventrite. Leg slender and long, not expanding beyond the external boundary of the body (Fig. 5). Tarsi 4 - segmented, claws slender, bifid, the inner tooth shorter and more curved than the outer one.	en	Chen, Xiao-Sheng, Ren, Shun-Xiang, Wang, Xing-Min (2012): Revision of the subgenus Scymnus (Parapullus) Yang from China (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). Zootaxa 3174: 22-34, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.279895
03CE87CC6B03FFBE6D8EFB5FFD1CFAD8.taxon	discussion	Remarks. There is little known about the biology of this subgenus. Yu et al. (2000) investigated the natural enemies of the hemlock woolly adelgid (Adelges tsugae Annand) and found a species, Scymnus (Parapullus) tsugae Yu and Yao, which was collected from the Chinese hemlock (Tsuga spp.). However, it didn’t record this species as predator of the hemlock woolly adelgid.	en	Chen, Xiao-Sheng, Ren, Shun-Xiang, Wang, Xing-Min (2012): Revision of the subgenus Scymnus (Parapullus) Yang from China (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). Zootaxa 3174: 22-34, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.279895
03CE87CC6B00FFBD6D8EFBB7FDBFF98C.taxon	description	(Figs. 1 – 8, 10, 18 – 22)	en	Chen, Xiao-Sheng, Ren, Shun-Xiang, Wang, Xing-Min (2012): Revision of the subgenus Scymnus (Parapullus) Yang from China (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). Zootaxa 3174: 22-34, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.279895
03CE87CC6B00FFBD6D8EFBB7FDBFF98C.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. This species is similar to S. (P.) tsugae in general appearance, but can be distinguished from it by the following characters: penis guide nearly parallel at 2 / 3 length, gradually converging apically to a pointed tip in ventral view; parameres distinctly shorter than penis guide, 2 / 3 length of the latter.	en	Chen, Xiao-Sheng, Ren, Shun-Xiang, Wang, Xing-Min (2012): Revision of the subgenus Scymnus (Parapullus) Yang from China (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). Zootaxa 3174: 22-34, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.279895
03CE87CC6B00FFBD6D8EFBB7FDBFF98C.taxon	description	Description. TL: 2.12 – 2.36 mm, TW: 1.44 – 1.64 mm, TH: 1.00 – 1.12 mm, TL / TW: 1.44 – 1.47, PL / PW: 0.51 – 0.53, EL / EW: 1.21 – 1.22. Body elongate oval, moderately convex, dorsum surface with fine, yellowish white pubescence (Fig. 10). Head, antennae and mouthparts yellowish white. Pronotum yellow. Scutellum and elytra reddish brown. Underside yellow except the mesoventrite and metaventrite reddish brown. Head small, 0.58 × of pronotal width (HW / PW = 0.68 / 1.16). Punctures on head dense and evenly separated by 0.5 – 2 diameters, with silvery white pubescence. Eyes small and almost oval, rather coarsely faceted, the widest interocular distance about 0.53 × of head width. Pronotum about 0.73 × of elytral width (PW / EW = 1.20 / 1.64), pronotal punctures fine, sparse, and slightly larger than those on head, 1 – 2 diameters apart. Surface of elytra with sparse puncture, separated by 1 – 3 diameters. Prosternal carinae nearly parallel, extending to anterior margin. Prosternal process rectangle, length 3 times of width at the base (Fig. 7). Abdominal postcoxal lines incomplete, slightly recurved toward the base of ventrite (Figs. 6, 18). Area surrounded by the line evenly punctured, narrowly smooth along the line. Male genitalia: Penis slender, penis capsules are quite differently from the other species (Fig. 19). Apex of penis with thread-like appendage (Fig. 20). Tegmen moderately stout, penis guide nearly parallel at 2 / 3 length, converging gradually apically to a pointed tip in ventral view (Fig. 22). Parameres distinctly shorter than penis guide, 2 / 3 length of the latter, obliquely truncate on distal margin, with two groups of uniform setae inserted in different directions (Fig. 21). Female genitalia: coxites triangular, elongated, about 2.70 times as long as width at the base, tapering to blunt apices, outer and inner margin almost straight, each with several long terminal setae. Spermatheca C-shape, sclerotised (Fig. 8). Types. Holotype male, No. SCAU (E) 13028, Maiji Mountain, Tianshui, Gansu, 10. VIII. 2008, Ren SX Leg. Paratypes: 2 males, Maicaogou, Tianshui, Gansu, 28. VIII. 2007, Liang JB Leg. 2 males, Maiji Mountain, Tianshui, Gansu, 1650 m, 6. VIII. 2009, Chen XS Leg. 1 male, Maiji Mountain, Tianshui, Gansu, 10. VIII. 2008, Ren SX Leg. 1 female, Dangchuan, Tianshui, Gansu, 1600 m, 5. VIII. 2009, Chen XS Leg.	en	Chen, Xiao-Sheng, Ren, Shun-Xiang, Wang, Xing-Min (2012): Revision of the subgenus Scymnus (Parapullus) Yang from China (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). Zootaxa 3174: 22-34, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.279895
03CE87CC6B00FFBD6D8EFBB7FDBFF98C.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The species name is derived from Latin parallelicus referring to penis guide nearly parallel at 2 / 3 length in ventral view.	en	Chen, Xiao-Sheng, Ren, Shun-Xiang, Wang, Xing-Min (2012): Revision of the subgenus Scymnus (Parapullus) Yang from China (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). Zootaxa 3174: 22-34, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.279895
03CE87CC6B00FFBD6D8EFBB7FDBFF98C.taxon	distribution	Distribution. China (Gansu)	en	Chen, Xiao-Sheng, Ren, Shun-Xiang, Wang, Xing-Min (2012): Revision of the subgenus Scymnus (Parapullus) Yang from China (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). Zootaxa 3174: 22-34, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.279895
03CE87CC6B00FFBB6D8EFCB1FD95FE83.taxon	description	(Figs. 11, 23 – 27)	en	Chen, Xiao-Sheng, Ren, Shun-Xiang, Wang, Xing-Min (2012): Revision of the subgenus Scymnus (Parapullus) Yang from China (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). Zootaxa 3174: 22-34, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.279895
03CE87CC6B00FFBB6D8EFCB1FD95FE83.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. This species can be identified by the following characters: penis capsule looks like a hammer and apex of penis with 8 to 10 minutely dentate, apically with a long, thread-like appendage. Its parameres relatively broad, shorter than penis guide, 3 / 4 length of the latter.	en	Chen, Xiao-Sheng, Ren, Shun-Xiang, Wang, Xing-Min (2012): Revision of the subgenus Scymnus (Parapullus) Yang from China (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). Zootaxa 3174: 22-34, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.279895
03CE87CC6B00FFBB6D8EFCB1FD95FE83.taxon	description	Description. TL: 2.28 mm, TW: 1.64 mm, TH: 1.00 mm, TL / TW: 1.39, PL / PW: 0.5, EL / EW: 1.17. Body elongate oval, moderately convex, dorsum surface with fine, golden yellow pubescence (Fig. 11). Head, antennae and mouthparts yellowish brown. Pronotum reddish brown. Scutellum and elytra reddish brown. Underside yellowish brown except the metaventrite reddish brown. Head small, 0.57 × of pronotal width (HW / PW = 0.68 / 1.20). Punctures on head similar with eye facets, separated by 1 – 2 diameters, with golden yellow pubescence. Eyes small, the widest interocular distance 0.47 × of head width. Pronotum about 0.73 × of elytral width (PW / EW = 1.20 / 1.64), pronotal punctures fine, 1 – 2 diameters apart. Surface of elytra with dense punctures, separated by 1.5 – 2 diameters. Prosternal carinae nearly parallel, extending to anterior margin. Prosternal process trapezoid, length 3.5 times of width at the base. Abdominal postcoxal lines incomplete (Fig. 23). Area surrounded by the line evenly punctured, narrowly smooth along the line. Male genitalia: Penis slender, penis capsule hammer-like in lateral view (Fig. 24). Apex of penis with 8 to 10 minutely dentate, apically with thread-like appendage, forming a round shape (Fig. 25). Tegmen moderately stout, penis guide nearly parallel, converges gradually apically to a pointed tip in ventral view (Fig. 27). Parameres relatively broad, distinctly shorter than penis guide, 3 / 4 length of the latter, apex with two groups of nearly uniform setae oriented in different directions (Fig. 26). Female genitalia unknown.	en	Chen, Xiao-Sheng, Ren, Shun-Xiang, Wang, Xing-Min (2012): Revision of the subgenus Scymnus (Parapullus) Yang from China (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). Zootaxa 3174: 22-34, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.279895
03CE87CC6B00FFBB6D8EFCB1FD95FE83.taxon	materials_examined	Type. Holotype male, No. SCAU (E) 13026, Liupan Mountain, Jingyuan, Ningxia, 10. VIII. 2009, Chen XS Leg.	en	Chen, Xiao-Sheng, Ren, Shun-Xiang, Wang, Xing-Min (2012): Revision of the subgenus Scymnus (Parapullus) Yang from China (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). Zootaxa 3174: 22-34, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.279895
03CE87CC6B00FFBB6D8EFCB1FD95FE83.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The species name is derived from Latin malleatus referring to penis capsule looks like a hammer in lateral view.	en	Chen, Xiao-Sheng, Ren, Shun-Xiang, Wang, Xing-Min (2012): Revision of the subgenus Scymnus (Parapullus) Yang from China (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). Zootaxa 3174: 22-34, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.279895
03CE87CC6B00FFBB6D8EFCB1FD95FE83.taxon	distribution	Distribution. China (Ningxia).	en	Chen, Xiao-Sheng, Ren, Shun-Xiang, Wang, Xing-Min (2012): Revision of the subgenus Scymnus (Parapullus) Yang from China (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). Zootaxa 3174: 22-34, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.279895
03CE87CC6B06FFB86D8EFF5FFDADFE31.taxon	description	(Figs. 12, 28 – 32)	en	Chen, Xiao-Sheng, Ren, Shun-Xiang, Wang, Xing-Min (2012): Revision of the subgenus Scymnus (Parapullus) Yang from China (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). Zootaxa 3174: 22-34, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.279895
03CE87CC6B06FFB86D8EFF5FFDADFE31.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. This species is similar to S. (P.) tsugae in general appearance and male genitalia, but can be distinguished from it by the dilated of the pre-apex of penis. The shape of the parameres and penis guide is diagnostic.	en	Chen, Xiao-Sheng, Ren, Shun-Xiang, Wang, Xing-Min (2012): Revision of the subgenus Scymnus (Parapullus) Yang from China (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). Zootaxa 3174: 22-34, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.279895
03CE87CC6B06FFB86D8EFF5FFDADFE31.taxon	description	Description. TL: 2.40 mm, TW: 1.65 mm, TH: 1.10 mm, TL / TW: 1.45, PL / PW: 0.48, EL / EW: 1.12. Body oval, moderately convex, dorsum surface with fine, pale yellowish pubescence (Fig. 12). Head and antennae yellowish brown. Pronotum, scutellum and elytra reddish brown. Underside yellowish brown except metaventrite reddish brown. Head small, 0.65 × of pronotal width (HW / PW = 0.75 / 1.15). Punctures on head finer than eye facets, separated by 1 – 2 diameters, with white pubescence. Eyes small, the widest interocular distance 0.47 × of head width. Pronotum 0.70 × of elytral width (PW / EW = 1.15 / 1.65), pronotal punctures larger than those on head, 1 – 1.5 diameters apart. Surface of elytra with densely punctures, separated by 1 – 2.5 diameters. Prosternal carinae extending to anterior margin, slightly convergent anteriorly. Prosternal process trapezoid, length 5.0 times of width at the base. Abdominal postcoxal lines incomplete, slightly recurved toward the base of ventrite (Fig. 28). Area surrounded by the line evenly and sparsely punctured, relatively narrowly smooth along the line. Male genitalia: Penis stout, with a developed penis capsule (Fig. 29), apex of penis forming a large hook (Fig. 30). Tegmen stout, penis guide slightly constricted near middle and converging gradually to a pointed tip in ventral view (Fig. 32). Parameres relatively broad, oblong, distinctly shorter than penis guide, apex with two groups long and uniform setae (Fig. 31). Female not examined.	en	Chen, Xiao-Sheng, Ren, Shun-Xiang, Wang, Xing-Min (2012): Revision of the subgenus Scymnus (Parapullus) Yang from China (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). Zootaxa 3174: 22-34, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.279895
03CE87CC6B06FFB86D8EFF5FFDADFE31.taxon	materials_examined	Type. Paratype: 1 male, Alishan, Taiwan, 2400 m, 10. VI. 1977, J. Klapperich Leg / Paratype (yellow label), 910520 - 1 (hand writing) / Scymnus (Parapullus) alishanensis Pang et Yu (hand writing).	en	Chen, Xiao-Sheng, Ren, Shun-Xiang, Wang, Xing-Min (2012): Revision of the subgenus Scymnus (Parapullus) Yang from China (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). Zootaxa 3174: 22-34, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.279895
03CE87CC6B06FFB86D8EFF5FFDADFE31.taxon	distribution	Distribution. China (Taiwan).	en	Chen, Xiao-Sheng, Ren, Shun-Xiang, Wang, Xing-Min (2012): Revision of the subgenus Scymnus (Parapullus) Yang from China (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). Zootaxa 3174: 22-34, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.279895
03CE87CC6B05FFB86D8EFBE9FDA9FA23.taxon	description	(Figs. 13, 33 – 37)	en	Chen, Xiao-Sheng, Ren, Shun-Xiang, Wang, Xing-Min (2012): Revision of the subgenus Scymnus (Parapullus) Yang from China (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). Zootaxa 3174: 22-34, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.279895
03CE87CC6B05FFB86D8EFBE9FDA9FA23.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. This species closely resembles S. (P.) alishanensis in general appearance, but can be distinguished from it by the penis. The tegmens are also diagnostic.	en	Chen, Xiao-Sheng, Ren, Shun-Xiang, Wang, Xing-Min (2012): Revision of the subgenus Scymnus (Parapullus) Yang from China (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). Zootaxa 3174: 22-34, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.279895
03CE87CC6B05FFB86D8EFBE9FDA9FA23.taxon	description	Description. TL: 2.40 – 2.48 mm, TW: 1.35 – 1.43 mm, TH: 1.05 – 1.10 mm, TL / TW: 1.73 – 1.78, PL / PW: 0.48 – 0.54, EL / EW: 1.22 – 1.43. Body oval, moderately convex, dorsum surface with fine, white pubescence (Fig. 13). Head, antennae and mouthparts yellowish brown. Pronotum, scutellum and elytra reddish brown. Underside fuscous except metaventrite reddish brown. Head small, 0.58 × of pronotal width (HW / PW = 0.70 / 1.20). Punctures on head densely and evenly, separated by 1 – 2 diameters, with white pubescence. Eyes small, the widest interocular distance 0.43 × of head width. Pronotum 0.88 × of elytral width (PW / EW = 1.20 / 1.35), pronotal punctures fine and larger than those on head, 1 – 2 diameters apart. Surface of elytra with densely punctures, separated by 1 – 2.5 diameters. Prosternal carinae extending to anterior margin, slightly convergent anteriorly. Prosternal process trapezoid, length 4.5 times of width at the base. Abdominal postcoxal lines incomplete, slightly recurved toward the base of ventrite (Fig. 33). Area surrounded by the line evenly punctured, relatively smooth along the line. Male genitalia: Penis slender, with a developed penis capsule (Fig. 34), apex of penis simple (Fig. 35). Tegmen stout, penis guide slightly constricted near middle and converging gradually to a pointed tip in ventral view (Fig. 37). Parameres broad, distinctly shorter than penis guide, apex with two groups long and uniform setae (Fig. 36). Female genitalia unknown. Types. Holotype male, (26.8 N, 100.2 E), Lijiang, Yunnan, IV. 1996, Guoyue Yu Leg / No. 970722 - 3 / Scymnus (Parapullus) tsugae Yu & Yao, sp. n. (red label). Paratype: 1 male with same data as holotype. / No. 10 / Scymnus (Parapullus) tsugae Yu & Yao, sp. n. (yellow label)	en	Chen, Xiao-Sheng, Ren, Shun-Xiang, Wang, Xing-Min (2012): Revision of the subgenus Scymnus (Parapullus) Yang from China (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). Zootaxa 3174: 22-34, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.279895
03CE87CC6B05FFB86D8EFBE9FDA9FA23.taxon	distribution	Distribution. China (Yunnan).	en	Chen, Xiao-Sheng, Ren, Shun-Xiang, Wang, Xing-Min (2012): Revision of the subgenus Scymnus (Parapullus) Yang from China (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). Zootaxa 3174: 22-34, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.279895
03CE87CC6B05FFB76D8EFFDAFDA7FD32.taxon	description	(Figs. 14, 38 – 42)	en	Chen, Xiao-Sheng, Ren, Shun-Xiang, Wang, Xing-Min (2012): Revision of the subgenus Scymnus (Parapullus) Yang from China (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). Zootaxa 3174: 22-34, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.279895
03CE87CC6B05FFB76D8EFFDAFDA7FD32.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. This species can be distinguished from other Scymnus (Parapullus) species by the apical parameres with only a group densely setae; elytral epipleuron and mesoventrite fuscous; metaventrite black except metepisternum fuscous.	en	Chen, Xiao-Sheng, Ren, Shun-Xiang, Wang, Xing-Min (2012): Revision of the subgenus Scymnus (Parapullus) Yang from China (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). Zootaxa 3174: 22-34, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.279895
03CE87CC6B05FFB76D8EFFDAFDA7FD32.taxon	description	Description. TL: 2.20 – 2.24 mm, TW: 1.48 – 1.56 mm, TH: 0.96 – 1.00 mm, TL / TW: 1.44 – 1.49, PL / PW: 0.55 – 0.56, EL / EW: 1.22 – 1.23. Body elongate oval, moderately convex, dorsum surface with fine, yellowish white pubescence (Fig. 14). Head, antennae and mouthparts yellow. Pronotum yellow. Scutellum black with yellowish brown center. Elytra black with apical 1 / 6 yellow. Underside, prosternum yellow, elytral epipleuron and mesoventrite fuscous, metaventrite black except metepisternum fuscous. Head small, 0.59 × of pronotal width (HW / PW = 0.64 / 1.08). Punctures on head denser than eye facets, separated by 1 – 2.5 diameters, with silvery white pubescence. Eyes small and almost oval, rather coarsely faceted, the widest interocular distance 0.44 × of head width. Pronotum 0.73 × of elytral width (PW / EW = 1.08 / 1.48), pronotal punctures fine, sparse, 1 – 4 diameters apart. Surface of elytra with fine, dense punctures, separated by 0.5 – 2 diameters. Prosternal carinae extending to anterior margin. Prosternal process trapezoid, length 4.0 times of width at the base. Abdominal postcoxal lines incomplete, distinctly recurved toward the base of ventrite (Fig. 38). Area surrounded by the line evenly punctured, relatively broadly smooth along the line. Male genitalia: Penis slender, with a distinctly penis capsule (Fig. 39). Apex of penis curved, forming a large hook (Fig. 40). Tegmen moderately stout, penis guide slightly narrow at base, converging gradually apically to a pointed tip in ventral view (Fig. 42). Parameres distinctly shorter than penis guide, obliquely truncate on outer distal margin, distal end with a group long and uniform setae (Fig. 41). Female genitalia unknown. Types. Holotype male, No. SCAU (E) 13024, Maicaogou, Tianshui, Gansu, 28. VIII. 2007, Liang JB Leg. Paratype: 1 male with same data as holotype.	en	Chen, Xiao-Sheng, Ren, Shun-Xiang, Wang, Xing-Min (2012): Revision of the subgenus Scymnus (Parapullus) Yang from China (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). Zootaxa 3174: 22-34, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.279895
03CE87CC6B05FFB76D8EFFDAFDA7FD32.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The species name is derived from Latin solus referring to an only group hairs at the apex of parameres.	en	Chen, Xiao-Sheng, Ren, Shun-Xiang, Wang, Xing-Min (2012): Revision of the subgenus Scymnus (Parapullus) Yang from China (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). Zootaxa 3174: 22-34, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.279895
03CE87CC6B05FFB76D8EFFDAFDA7FD32.taxon	distribution	Distribution. China (Gansu).	en	Chen, Xiao-Sheng, Ren, Shun-Xiang, Wang, Xing-Min (2012): Revision of the subgenus Scymnus (Parapullus) Yang from China (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). Zootaxa 3174: 22-34, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.279895
03CE87CC6B0AFFB76D8EF8EFFD95F8E6.taxon	description	(Figs. 9, 15, 43 – 47)	en	Chen, Xiao-Sheng, Ren, Shun-Xiang, Wang, Xing-Min (2012): Revision of the subgenus Scymnus (Parapullus) Yang from China (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). Zootaxa 3174: 22-34, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.279895
03CE87CC6B0AFFB76D8EF8EFFD95F8E6.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. This species can be identified by the following characters: elytral epipleuron is fuscous except both margins black; metaventrite is black except metepisternum fuscous. The male genitalia are diagnostic, especially the penis, with a large hook-like apex.	en	Chen, Xiao-Sheng, Ren, Shun-Xiang, Wang, Xing-Min (2012): Revision of the subgenus Scymnus (Parapullus) Yang from China (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). Zootaxa 3174: 22-34, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.279895
03CE87CC6B0AFFB76D8EF8EFFD95F8E6.taxon	description	Description. TL: 2.32 – 2.56 mm, TW: 1.56 – 1.72 mm, TH: 1.00 – 1.12 mm, TL / TW: 1.48 – 1.49, PL / PW: 0.50 – 0.55, EL / EW: 1.27 – 1.28. Body elongate oval, moderately convex, dorsum surface with fine, yellowish white pubescence (Fig. 15). Head yellow except the base part testaceous. Eyes black. Pronotum yellowish white except the middle part castaneous. Scutellum black. Elytra black with apical 1 / 6 yellow. Underside, prothoracic hypomeron yellowish white, prosternum fulvous. Mesoventrite, mesepisternum and metepimeron fulvous. Metaventrite black except metepisternum fuscous. Elytral epipleuron fuscous except both margins black. Head small, 0.57 × of pronotal width (HW / PW = 0.64 / 1.12). Punctures on head finer than eye facets, separated by 1 – 2 diameters, with sparse, thin silvery white pubescence. Eyes small and almost oval, rather coarsely faceted, the widest interocular distance 0.50 × of head width. Pronotum 0.72 × of elytral width (PW / EW = 1.12 / 1.56), pronotal punctures fine, sparse, 1 – 4 diameters apart. Surface of elytra with dense, even punctures, separated by 1 – 2.5 diameters. Prosternal carinae nearly parallel, extending to anterior margin. Prosternal process rectangle, length 2.0 times of width at the base. Abdominal postcoxal lines incomplete, distinctly recurved toward the base of ventrite (Fig. 43). Area surrounded by the line evenly punctured, relatively narrowly smooth along the line. Male genitalia: Penis slender, with a well-developed penis capsule (Fig. 44). Apex of penis curved, forming a large hook (Fig. 45). Tegmen moderately stout, penis guide slightly narrow at base, converging gradually apically to a pointed tip in ventral view (Fig. 47). Parameres slightly shorter than penis guide, obliquely truncate on outer distal margin, distal end with a group long and uniform setae; at 2 / 3 length of parameres inner side, with another group long and uniform hairs (Fig. 46). Female genitalia: coxites triangular (Fig. 9), elongated, about 2.43 times as long as width, tapering to blunt apices, outer and inner margin almost straight, each with several long terminal setae. Spermatheca C-shape, sclerotised. Types. Holotype male, No. SCAU (E) 13022, Liupan Mountain, Jingyuan, Ningxia, 2300 m, 8. VIII. 2009, Chen XS Leg. Paratypes: 8 males and 31 females with same data as holotype.	en	Chen, Xiao-Sheng, Ren, Shun-Xiang, Wang, Xing-Min (2012): Revision of the subgenus Scymnus (Parapullus) Yang from China (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). Zootaxa 3174: 22-34, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.279895
03CE87CC6B0AFFB76D8EF8EFFD95F8E6.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The species name is derived from Latin aduncatus referring to a hooked apex of penis.	en	Chen, Xiao-Sheng, Ren, Shun-Xiang, Wang, Xing-Min (2012): Revision of the subgenus Scymnus (Parapullus) Yang from China (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). Zootaxa 3174: 22-34, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.279895
03CE87CC6B0AFFB76D8EF8EFFD95F8E6.taxon	distribution	Distribution. China (Ningxia).	en	Chen, Xiao-Sheng, Ren, Shun-Xiang, Wang, Xing-Min (2012): Revision of the subgenus Scymnus (Parapullus) Yang from China (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). Zootaxa 3174: 22-34, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.279895
03CE87CC6B08FFB56D8EFAA5FDADFB9E.taxon	description	(Figs. 16, 48 – 52)	en	Chen, Xiao-Sheng, Ren, Shun-Xiang, Wang, Xing-Min (2012): Revision of the subgenus Scymnus (Parapullus) Yang from China (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). Zootaxa 3174: 22-34, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.279895
03CE87CC6B08FFB56D8EFAA5FDADFB9E.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. This species is similar to S. (P.) nanlingicus in general appearance, but can be distinguished by the elytra black with apical 1 / 7 yellow. The penis guide in ventral view is diagnostic.	en	Chen, Xiao-Sheng, Ren, Shun-Xiang, Wang, Xing-Min (2012): Revision of the subgenus Scymnus (Parapullus) Yang from China (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). Zootaxa 3174: 22-34, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.279895
03CE87CC6B08FFB56D8EFAA5FDADFB9E.taxon	description	Description. TL: 2.43 mm, TW: 1.55 mm, TH: 1.00 mm, TL / TW: 1.57, PL / PW: 0.45, EL / EW: 1.23. Body oval, moderately convex, dorsum surface with fine, white pubescence (Fig. 16). Head, antennae and mouthparts yellowish brown. Pronotum yellowish brown. Scutellum black. Elytra black with apical 1 / 7 yellow. Underside yellowish brown except mesoventrite, metaventrite and elytral epipleuron black. Head small, 0.59 × of pronotal width (HW / PW = 0.65 / 1.10). Punctures on head smaller than eye facets, separated by 1 – 2 diameters, with white pubescence. Eyes small and almost oval, rather coarsely faceted, the widest interocular distance 0.54 × of head width. Pronotum 0.71 × of elytral width (PW / EW = 1.10 / 1.55), pronotal punctures finer than those on head, 1 – 2 diameters apart. Surface of elytra with densely punctures, separated by 1 – 2.5 diameters. Prosternal carinae extending to anterior margin, slightly convergent anteriorly. Prosternal process trapezoid, length 3.5 times width at base. Abdominal postcoxal lines incomplete, slightly recurved toward the base of ventrite (Fig. 48). Area surrounded by the line evenly and densely punctured, relatively narrowly smooth along the line. Male genitalia: Penis slender, penis capsule with a distinctly quadrangle outer process (Fig. 49). Apex of penis curved, sickle-like (Fig. 50). Tegmen stout, penis guide straight, widest at base in lateral view (Fig. 51); in ventral view, penis guide narrow at base, converging gradually apical to a pointed tip (Fig. 52). Parameres shorter than penis guide, apex with two groups long and uniform setae (Fig. 51). Female genitalia unknown.	en	Chen, Xiao-Sheng, Ren, Shun-Xiang, Wang, Xing-Min (2012): Revision of the subgenus Scymnus (Parapullus) Yang from China (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). Zootaxa 3174: 22-34, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.279895
03CE87CC6B08FFB56D8EFAA5FDADFB9E.taxon	materials_examined	Type. Not examined. Other specimen examined: 1 male: Alishan Mountain, Taiwan, 2400 m, 10. VI. 1977, J. Klapperich Leg.	en	Chen, Xiao-Sheng, Ren, Shun-Xiang, Wang, Xing-Min (2012): Revision of the subgenus Scymnus (Parapullus) Yang from China (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). Zootaxa 3174: 22-34, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.279895
03CE87CC6B08FFB56D8EFAA5FDADFB9E.taxon	distribution	Distribution. China (Taiwan).	en	Chen, Xiao-Sheng, Ren, Shun-Xiang, Wang, Xing-Min (2012): Revision of the subgenus Scymnus (Parapullus) Yang from China (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). Zootaxa 3174: 22-34, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.279895
03CE87CC6B08FFB36D8EFE49FDFAFF62.taxon	description	(Figs. 17, 53 – 57)	en	Chen, Xiao-Sheng, Ren, Shun-Xiang, Wang, Xing-Min (2012): Revision of the subgenus Scymnus (Parapullus) Yang from China (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). Zootaxa 3174: 22-34, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.279895
03CE87CC6B08FFB36D8EFE49FDFAFF62.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis. This species is similar to S. (P.) secula in general appearance but can be separated from it by the elytra black with apical 1 / 6 yellow. Besides, the penis guide is quite different from the latter in ventral view.	en	Chen, Xiao-Sheng, Ren, Shun-Xiang, Wang, Xing-Min (2012): Revision of the subgenus Scymnus (Parapullus) Yang from China (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). Zootaxa 3174: 22-34, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.279895
03CE87CC6B08FFB36D8EFE49FDFAFF62.taxon	description	Description. TL: 2.08 – 2.32 mm, TW: 1.52 – 1.60 mm, TH: 1.00 – 1.08 mm, TL / TW: 1.37 – 1.45, PL / PW: 0.52 – 0.55, EL / EW: 1.16 – 1.20. Body elongate oval, moderately convex, dorsum surface with fine, yellowish white pubescence (Fig. 17). Head yellow, with eyes black. Pronotum yellow. Scutellum black. Elytra black with apical 1 / 6 yellow. Underside yellow except elytral epipleuron, mesoventrite and metaventrite black. Head small, 0.55 × of pronotal width (HW / PW = 0.64 / 1.16). Punctures on head moderately larger than eye facets, separated by 1 – 2 diameters, with silvery white pubescence. Eyes small and almost oval, rather coarsely faceted, the widest interocular distance 0.50 × of head width. Pronotum 0.73 × of elytral width (PW / EW = 1.16 / 1.60), pronotal punctures fine, similar to those on head, 0.5 – 2.5 diameters apart. Surface of elytra with irregular punctures, moderately larger than those on pronotum, separated by 1 – 2 diameters. Prosternal carinae extending to anterior margin, nearly parallel, length 3 times of width at the base. Abdominal postcoxal lines incomplete, distinctly recurved toward the base of ventrite (Fig. 53). Area surrounded by the line finely punctured, relatively broadly smooth along the line. Male genitalia: Penis slender, extremely long, with a large penis capsule (Fig. 54). Apex of penis curved, sickle-like (Fig. 55). Tegmen stout, penis guide arcuate, widest at base in lateral view (Fig. 56); in ventral view, penis guide narrow at base, converging gradually apical to a pointed tip (Fig. 57). Parameres shorter than penis guide, apex with two groups long and uniform setae (Fig. 56). Female genitalia unknown. Types. Holotype male, No. 20050319042, Xiaohuangshan, Nanling, Guangdong, 1. X. 2004, Wang XM Leg. Paratypes: 6 males with same data as holotype; 1 male, Qinshuigu, Nanling, Guangdong, 30. IX. 2004, Wang XM Leg.	en	Chen, Xiao-Sheng, Ren, Shun-Xiang, Wang, Xing-Min (2012): Revision of the subgenus Scymnus (Parapullus) Yang from China (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). Zootaxa 3174: 22-34, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.279895
03CE87CC6B08FFB36D8EFE49FDFAFF62.taxon	etymology	Etymology. The specific epithet refers to the type locality, Nanling National Natural Reserve. Distribution. China (Guangdong).	en	Chen, Xiao-Sheng, Ren, Shun-Xiang, Wang, Xing-Min (2012): Revision of the subgenus Scymnus (Parapullus) Yang from China (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). Zootaxa 3174: 22-34, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.279895
