taxonID	type	description	language	source
03CF87ADFFA16622FDEE9014FA8CFE7F.taxon	type_taxon	(type species by original designation: T. riveti Simon, 1903: 124).	en	De Oliveira, Luiz Fernando M., Brescovit, Antonio Domingos (2021): Taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis of ghost spiders of the genus Tafana Simon, 1903 (Araneae: Dionycha, Anyphaenidae), with the descriptions of twelve new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 742: 1-77, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291
03CF87ADFFA16622FDEE9014FA8CFE7F.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Males of species of the genus Tafana resemble those of the genera Aljassa Brescovit, 1997, Aysha Keyserling, 1891, Hibana Brescovit, 1991, Hatitia Brescovit, 1997, Osoriella Mello-Leitão, 1922, Pippuhana Brescovit, 1997, Temnida Simon, 1896, Umuara Brescovit, 1997 and Xiruana Brescovit, 1997 by having an embolic process in the internal male palp (see Brescovit 1997: 176 – 187, figs 221, 247, 265, 272, 280), an apophysis at the base of the embolus (see Oliveira & Brescovit 2015 a: 209, fig. 5 a – b) and further resemble Umuara by having a ventral tegular process near the median apophysis in the male palp (see Oliveira & Brescovit 2015 b: 438, figs 2 a – b), but differ by the presence of a conical or coiled laminar apophysis at the base of the embolus (Figs 9 C – F, 12 B, C, 23 B, 26 A – B). The females resemble those of Anyphaena, Patrera Simon, 1903, Iguarima Brescovit, 1997, Umuara and Pippuhana (see Brescovit 1997: 139 – 187), by having a hood on the anterior fold of the epigynum, but differ by having the posterior extension forming the lateral lobes (Figs 7 D, 10 F, 22 F, 32 E – F, 33 D – E), lateral lobes sinuous (Figs 17 F, 19 F) and posterior region of the epigynum covered by cuticle (Figs 10 F, 17 F, 21 F).	en	De Oliveira, Luiz Fernando M., Brescovit, Antonio Domingos (2021): Taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis of ghost spiders of the genus Tafana Simon, 1903 (Araneae: Dionycha, Anyphaenidae), with the descriptions of twelve new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 742: 1-77, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291
03CF87ADFFA16622FDEE9014FA8CFE7F.taxon	description	Description Body from pale white to orange and reddish brown (Figs 10 A, 11 A, 22 A). Legs orange or pale and darker at tarsi (Figs 22 B, 25 A). Carapace sub-rectangular, narrow in anterior region, and enlarged near coxae I – III, cephalic region high, highest behind the posterior eye row (Figs 8 A, 10 A). Eyes, in dorsal view, anterior row slightly recurved and posterior row procurved (Figs 8 A, 10 B). Chelicerae robust and projected, with vertical length approximately half the length of the carapace, basal condyle conspicuous (Fig. 11 A – B), with 3 – 5 promarginal teeth and 4 – 7 retromarginal (Fig. 8 B). Two rows of trichobothria with striated base in dorsal view on the metatarsus and tarsus I – IV (Fig. 8 J). Tarsal organ with teardrop shape on the distal region of tarsus and male palp (Figs 8 I, 20 D), slit sensilla elongated on the tarsus (Fig. 8 K). Paired tarsal claws with 8 – 14 teeth (Fig. 8 G – H). Male palp: patellar apophysis short and rounded (Figs 10 D, 16 D – E, 24 D); distal prolateral tibial apophysis short (Fig. 13 C, E); retrolateral tibial apophysis with large base and conical apex (Fig. 22 D – E), usually exhibiting anterior branches and posterior branches (Fig. 13 C – D) or only one branch (Figs 10 D, 11 D, 24 D – E); median tibial apophysis branched (Fig. 29 D – E) or unique (Fig. 30 D – E); cymbium oval with retrolateral projection (Figs 9 A – B, 10 C, 12 A, 22 C, 26 A, C), with small furrow under this projection, to accommodate the retrolateral tibial apophysis, or without (Figs 29 C, 30 C); chemosensory setae on the cymbium (Fig. 20 D); subtriangular and ypsiloid petiole (Fig. 9 C – D, F); subtegulum with 5 – 6 semicircular rings, short and exposed distal projection on the prolateral side on the palp when not expanded (Fig. 9 D – E); tegulum with ventral tegular process narrow near the median apophysis (Figs 9 B, 10 C, 12 B – C, 18 B) and bordering the apex of the tegulum (Figs 9 A, 22 C, 26 A – B, 28 C); sclerotized median apophysis long, sharp and with a curved apex (Figs 18 B, 20 B, 23 C); embolic process conical, sclerotized, covered by the tegulum, inserted at the base of the embolus (Fig. 9 C – F); sperm duct presenting four or five loops in palp expanded (Fig. 9 C – F) and in palp not expanded three loops in ventral view (Fig. 9 A – B), internally traversing the embolic process reaching the embolus (Fig. 9 E); embolus long (Figs 9 D, 22 C, 24 C) or short (Figs 10 C, 15 C, 17 C), filiform helical and curved retro-apically, connected to the embolic process (Figs 9 D – E, 15 C, 22 C); apophysis at the base of the embolus, conical (Figs 9 B, E, 10 C, 12 C, 18 A – B) or laminar (Figs 23 B, 24 C, 26 A – B). Oval abdomen, tracheal spiracle curved in the middle of the abdomen in ventral view (Figs 7 B, 8 L); anterior spinnerets bisegmented, with basal article large and distal article circular, with several spigots of piriform gland and one spigot of the ampullate gland (Fig. 8 C – D); median spinnerets unsegmented, with several spigots of the aciniform gland and not presenting spigots of the cylindrical gland (Fig. 8 C, E); posterior spinnerets bisegmented with basal and distal article cylindrical, one third longer than the others, with several spigots of the aciniform gland and one spigot of the ampullate gland without spigots of the cylindrical gland (Fig. 8 C, F); colulus substituted by 8 – 10 setae (Fig. 8 C). Epigynum with sinuous lateral lobes, lobe parallel in the posterior region (Figs 10 F, 22 F); hood approximately triangular (Figs 10 F, 16 F, 25 F, 27 F), semicircular (Figs 11 F, 14 F, 32 D) or circular (Figs 15 F, 17 F, 30 F, 32 J, 33 G – H) in the anterior region; posterior region with cuticle covered the lateral lobes (Figs 10 F, 11 F, 17 F, 21 F, 27 F) or without (Figs 13 F, 15 F, 16 F, 28 F); atrium with septum in the anterior region (Figs 11 F, 14 F, 21 F) or without (Figs 13 F, 15 F, 22 F, 25 F); copulatory ducts sinuous (Figs 10 G, 11 G, 19 G, 32 F – I) or coiled (Figs 13 G, 16 G, 32 H, K), running along margin of the lateral lobes, reaching the spermathecae, visible through transparency; secondary spermathecae rounded (Figs 10 G, 11 G, 14 G, 32 F – G, I, 33 B – C) but may be irregular or inconspicuous (Figs 13 G, 28 G, 29 G, 32 H, 33 F – G); secondary spermathecae short, near the primary spermathecae (Figs 15 G, 17 G, 22 G, 26 D, 32 F, J, L), wide (Figs 11 G, 13 G, 14 G, 32 G, I) or in the middle of the copulatory ducts (Figs 16 G, 21 G, 29 G, 32 K, 33 G); primary spermathecae oval, positioned together (Figs 10 G, 15 G, 20 E, 22 G, 26 D, 32 F – G) or separated from each other by almost a third of their diameter (Figs 13 G, 28 G, 29 G, 33 F – H); fertilization ducts near the epigastric furrow, originating from base of spermathecae (Figs 10 G, 11 G, 20 E, 22 G, 26 D, 29 G, 32 F – L, 33 A – H).	en	De Oliveira, Luiz Fernando M., Brescovit, Antonio Domingos (2021): Taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis of ghost spiders of the genus Tafana Simon, 1903 (Araneae: Dionycha, Anyphaenidae), with the descriptions of twelve new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 742: 1-77, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291
03CF87ADFFA46620FD2F9789FE81FE59.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Males of this group resemble those of the silhavyi group by the apophysis at the base of the embolus, but differ by presenting an apophysis at the base of the embolus that is short and conical (Fig. 12 B – C); the sperm ducts are ‘ U-shaped’ in the male palp when it is not expanded (Figs 9 B, 10 C). The females can be recognized by the short atrium, presenting a septum or not, and copulatory ducts narrow (Figs 10 F – G, 11 F, 15 F – G).	en	De Oliveira, Luiz Fernando M., Brescovit, Antonio Domingos (2021): Taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis of ghost spiders of the genus Tafana Simon, 1903 (Araneae: Dionycha, Anyphaenidae), with the descriptions of twelve new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 742: 1-77, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291
03CF87ADFFA46620FD2F9789FE81FE59.taxon	discussion	Included species Tafana riveti Simon 1903, T. straminea (L. Koch 1866), T. quelchi (Pocock 1895), T. kunturmarqa sp. nov., T. humahuaca sp. nov., T. pastaza sp. nov., T. nevada sp. nov., T. huatanay sp. nov. and T. ruizi sp. nov.	en	De Oliveira, Luiz Fernando M., Brescovit, Antonio Domingos (2021): Taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis of ghost spiders of the genus Tafana Simon, 1903 (Araneae: Dionycha, Anyphaenidae), with the descriptions of twelve new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 742: 1-77, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291
03CF87ADFFA6663EFDE7978DFD1CFE9E.taxon	description	Figs 6 G, 9 B, E – F, 10, 32 F, 34	en	De Oliveira, Luiz Fernando M., Brescovit, Antonio Domingos (2021): Taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis of ghost spiders of the genus Tafana Simon, 1903 (Araneae: Dionycha, Anyphaenidae), with the descriptions of twelve new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 742: 1-77, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291
03CF87ADFFA6663EFDE7978DFD1CFE9E.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Males of Tafana riveti resemble those of T. straminea, T. kunturmarqa sp. nov., T. humahuaca sp. nov. and T. nevada sp. nov., by the apophysis at the base of the embolus short, but differ by retrolateral tibial apophysis short and with large base in retrolateral view and visible subtegulum on palp when not expanded (Fig. 10 C – E). Females differ from those of other species by the short atrium, triangular hood and lateral lobe curved in the anterior region and sclerotized (Fig. 10 F).	en	De Oliveira, Luiz Fernando M., Brescovit, Antonio Domingos (2021): Taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis of ghost spiders of the genus Tafana Simon, 1903 (Araneae: Dionycha, Anyphaenidae), with the descriptions of twelve new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 742: 1-77, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291
03CF87ADFFA6663EFDE7978DFD1CFE9E.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined Holotype ECUADOR • ♀; Cerro Troya, 5 km S of Tulcan; [0.73333 ° N, 77.68333 ° W]; 1901; G. Riveti leg.; MNHN. Other material COLOMBIA – Valle del Cauca • 1 ♂, Lago Calima; [3 ° 53 ′ 44 ″ N, 76 ° 29 ′ 41 ″ W]; Jan. 1979; W. Eberhard leg.; MCZ. – Magdalena • 1 ♂; Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta; [10 ° 53 ′ 27.3 ″ N, 73 ° 59 ′ 43.9 ″ W]; 28 Sep. 2017; L. Martínez leg.; IBSP 223307. ECUADOR – Quito • 1 ♀; Pichincha, Monte Pichincha; [0 ° 15 ′ 00 ″ S, 78 ° 35 ′ 00 ″ W]; Oct. 1944; G. W. Prescott leg.; MCZ • 1 ♂, 1 ♀; Pichincha; 15 km from Pifo; [0 ° 15 ′ 00 ″ S, 78 ° 35 ′ 00 ″ W]; 5 Oct. 1982; A. Roig leg.; MACN-Ar • 3 ♂♂, 4 ♀♀; same collection data as for preceding; MCN 24624 • 2 ♀♀; Pichincha, 10 km from Pifo; [0 ° 15 ′ 00 ″ S, 78 ° 35 ′ 00 ″ W]; 30 Sep. 1978; A. Roig leg.; MACN-Ar • 1 ♂; Pichincha, Eucalyptus forest; [0 ° 15 ′ 00 ″ S, 78 ° 35 ′ 00 ″ W]; 30 Sep. 1978; A. Roig leg.; MACN-Ar • 1 ♂; Cotopaxi; [0 ° 40 ′ S, 78 ° 26 ′ W]; 18 Apr. 1982; A. Roig leg.; MACN-Ar • 1 ♀; Loja [3 ° 59 ′ S, 79 ° 12 ′ W]; 21 – 22 Aug. 1977; L. E. Peña leg.; AMNH • 1 ♀; Azuay; [2 ° 53 ′ 57 ″ S, 79 ° 00 ′ 55 ″ W]; 20 Aug. 1988; W. Maddison leg.; MCZ • 1 ♂; Chimborazo; [2 ° 8 ′ 59 ″ S, 78 ° 54 ′ 27 ″ W]; Danas; 1904; G. Riveti leg.; MNHN • 2 ♂♂; Casitagua; [3 ° 20 ′ 00 ″ S, 78 ° 29 ′ 00 ″ W]; 1903; G. Riveti leg.; MNHN. PERU – Cuzco • 1 ♂; Machu Picchu; [13 ° 9 ′ 47 ″ S, 72 ° 32 ′ 44 ″ W]; 19 – 23 Jun. 1964; B. Malkin leg.; AMNH.	en	De Oliveira, Luiz Fernando M., Brescovit, Antonio Domingos (2021): Taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis of ghost spiders of the genus Tafana Simon, 1903 (Araneae: Dionycha, Anyphaenidae), with the descriptions of twelve new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 742: 1-77, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291
03CF87ADFFA6663EFDE7978DFD1CFE9E.taxon	discussion	Remark The type locality of Cerro Troya, 5 km south of Tulcan was defined using a database of Wharton Lab, Department of Entomology, Texas A & M University from http: // mx. speciesfile. org / projects / 8 / public / public _ content / show / 21273? content _ template _ id = 88.	en	De Oliveira, Luiz Fernando M., Brescovit, Antonio Domingos (2021): Taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis of ghost spiders of the genus Tafana Simon, 1903 (Araneae: Dionycha, Anyphaenidae), with the descriptions of twelve new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 742: 1-77, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291
03CF87ADFFA6663EFDE7978DFD1CFE9E.taxon	description	Description Male and female described by Brescovit (1997: 90, figs 225 – 238).	en	De Oliveira, Luiz Fernando M., Brescovit, Antonio Domingos (2021): Taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis of ghost spiders of the genus Tafana Simon, 1903 (Araneae: Dionycha, Anyphaenidae), with the descriptions of twelve new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 742: 1-77, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291
03CF87ADFFA6663EFDE7978DFD1CFE9E.taxon	distribution	Distribution Colombia, Peru and Ecuador (Fig. 34).	en	De Oliveira, Luiz Fernando M., Brescovit, Antonio Domingos (2021): Taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis of ghost spiders of the genus Tafana Simon, 1903 (Araneae: Dionycha, Anyphaenidae), with the descriptions of twelve new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 742: 1-77, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291
03CF87ADFFB9663DFDD49756FDD8FB15.taxon	description	Figs 11 – 12, 32 G, 34	en	De Oliveira, Luiz Fernando M., Brescovit, Antonio Domingos (2021): Taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis of ghost spiders of the genus Tafana Simon, 1903 (Araneae: Dionycha, Anyphaenidae), with the descriptions of twelve new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 742: 1-77, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291
03CF87ADFFB9663DFDD49756FDD8FB15.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Males of Tafana straminea differ from those of other species by the long embolus and the secondary looping of sperm duct not reaching the border of the tegulum (Figs 11 C, 12 A – C). Females resemble those of T. kunturmarqa sp. nov. and T. ruizi sp. nov. by the epigynal plate shape with an atrial septum, but differ by the wide atrial septum and long fertilization ducts, ventrally overlapping the primary spermathecae (Figs 11 F – G, 32 G).	en	De Oliveira, Luiz Fernando M., Brescovit, Antonio Domingos (2021): Taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis of ghost spiders of the genus Tafana Simon, 1903 (Araneae: Dionycha, Anyphaenidae), with the descriptions of twelve new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 742: 1-77, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291
03CF87ADFFB9663DFDD49756FDD8FB15.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined Holotype COLOMBIA • immature; Santa Fé de Bogota [currently Bogotá]; [4 ° 35 ′ 53 ″ N; 74 ° 4 ′ 33 ″ W]; 1 Jul. 1890; BMNH 1890.7.1.583. Other material COLOMBIA – Boyacá • 1 ♂; Tunja, Páramo Alto Belén; [5 ° 59 ′ 22 ″ N, 72 ° 54 ′ 44 ″ W]; 23 Sep. 1985; H. Sturn leg.; MCZ. – Cundinamarca • 1 ♂; Monte Redondo, La Calera, National Park Chingaza; [4 ° 28 ′ 00 ″ N, 73 ° 44 ′ 00 ″ W]; 14 Sep. 1986; C. Valderrama leg.; IBSP 258178 • 1 ♂; same collection data as for preceding; IBSP 258180 • 1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding; IBSP 258181. ECUADOR – Tungurahua • 1 ♂; Baños; [1 ° 23 ′ 47 ″ N, 78 ° 25 ′ 29 ″ W]; 2 May 1939; Clarke and Macintyre leg.; AMNH • 2 ♀♀; same collection data as for preceding; AMNH • 1 ♂; Apr. 1939; AMNH.	en	De Oliveira, Luiz Fernando M., Brescovit, Antonio Domingos (2021): Taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis of ghost spiders of the genus Tafana Simon, 1903 (Araneae: Dionycha, Anyphaenidae), with the descriptions of twelve new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 742: 1-77, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291
03CF87ADFFB9663DFDD49756FDD8FB15.taxon	discussion	Remark The holotype is an immature in last instar. In comparison with other adult specimens from Colombia, we noticed that the reddish brown color of the carapace is unique for this species. The spots on the abdomen and spination of the legs are similar. Therefore, we consider here that these specimens represent the adults of the species Tafana straminea.	en	De Oliveira, Luiz Fernando M., Brescovit, Antonio Domingos (2021): Taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis of ghost spiders of the genus Tafana Simon, 1903 (Araneae: Dionycha, Anyphaenidae), with the descriptions of twelve new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 742: 1-77, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291
03CF87ADFFB9663DFDD49756FDD8FB15.taxon	description	Description Male (MCZ) COLOR. Carapace reddish brown, darker in cephalic region (Fig. 11 A), labium, endites, sternum and chelicerae reddish brown. Legs I – IV yellow, darker at tarsi. Abdomen grayish with dorsal spots (Fig 11 A). MEASUREMENTS. Total length 10.01, carapace length 4.3, width 3.4. Clypeus height 0.1. Eye diameters and interdistances: AME 0.2, ALE 0.18, PME 0.12, PLE 0.12; AME – AME 0.08, AME – ALE 0.08, PME – PME 0.2, PME – PLE 0.2, ALE – PLE 0.02. Chelicerae 2.7 long, with four promarginal teeth and five retromarginal denticles. LEG MEASUREMENTS. I — femur 3.9 / patella 1.7 / tibia 4.0 / metatarsus 3.3 / tarsus 1.4 / total 14.3; II — 3.6 / 1.8 / 3.6 / 3.0 / 1.3 / 13.3; III — 2.1 / 1.0 / 1.43 / 1.6 / 0.7 / 6.83; IV — 3.4 / 1.5 / 3.4 / 3.6 / 1.1 / 13.0. LEG SPINATION. I — tibia v 1 - 1 - 1, metatarsus v 2 - 0 - 0; II — tibia v 0 - 1 - 1; III — tibia p 0 - 0 - 1, r 0 - 0 - 1, metatarsus v 2 - 1 - 2, p 0 - 1 - 1; IV — tibia p 0 - 0 - 0, metatarsus p 0 - 1 - 1, r 0 - 1 - 1. PALP. Retrolateral tibial apophysis in vertical position long and conical; cymbium with prolateral projection; ventral tegular process short near of the base of the median apophysis; apophysis at the base of the embolus short; sperm duct in vertical position with secondary looping without reaching the apex of the tegulum; median apophysis sharp and curved at the apex (Figs 11 C – E, 12 A – C). ABDOMEN. Length 5.7, epigastric furrow 1.3 from tracheal spiracle, spiracle 2.5 from base of spinnerets. Female (IBSP 258181) COLOR. As in males of this species (Fig. 11 B). MEASUREMENTS. Total length 12.0, carapace length 5.8, width 4.3. Clypeus height 0.22. Eye diameters and interdistances: AME 1.0, ALE 1.0, PME 1.1, PLE 0.9; AME – AME 0.9, AME – ALE 0.5, PME – PME 1.5, PME – PLE 1.8, ALE – PLE 0.7. Chelicerae 2.8 long, with three promarginal teeth and four retromarginal denticles. LEG MEASUREMENTS. I — femur 5.23 / patella 2.6 / tibia 5.2 / metatarsus 4.4 / tarsus 1.9 / total 19.33; II — 4.8 / 2.4 / 4.5 / 3.9 / 1.7 / 17.3; III — 3.7 / 1.73 / 2.7 / 3.1 / 1.2 / 12.43; IV — 3.7 / 1.1 / 3.3 / 3.7 / 1.1 / 12.9. LEG SPINATION. I — tibia v 0 - 1 - 0, metatarsus 2 - 0 - 0; II — tibia v 0 - 1 - 0; III — tibia p 1 - 1 - 0, r 1 - 1 - 0, metatarsus v 2 - 1 - 2; IV — tibia r 1 - 1 - 0. ABDOMEN. Length 6.1, epigastric furrow 1.1 from tracheal spiracle, spiracle 2.7 from base of spinnerets. EPIGYNUM. Hood circular and sclerotized; epigynal plate with posterior region covered by cuticle; atrium with septum; lateral lobes extremely curved in the anterior region. Internally, copulatory ducts large in the anterior region; secondary spermathecae rounded in middle of the copulatory ducts, oval primary spermathecae; fertilization ducts long (Figs 11 F – G, 32 G). Variation Four males: total length 7.4 – 11.5; carapace 3.3 – 4.8; femur I 3.0 – 5.4. Two females: total length 7.8 – 8.4; carapace 3.4 – 3.5; femur I 2.8 – 3.0.	en	De Oliveira, Luiz Fernando M., Brescovit, Antonio Domingos (2021): Taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis of ghost spiders of the genus Tafana Simon, 1903 (Araneae: Dionycha, Anyphaenidae), with the descriptions of twelve new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 742: 1-77, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291
03CF87ADFFB9663DFDD49756FDD8FB15.taxon	distribution	Distribution Colombia and Ecuador (Fig. 34).	en	De Oliveira, Luiz Fernando M., Brescovit, Antonio Domingos (2021): Taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis of ghost spiders of the genus Tafana Simon, 1903 (Araneae: Dionycha, Anyphaenidae), with the descriptions of twelve new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 742: 1-77, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291
03CF87ADFFBC6638FDF89756FE32FCE3.taxon	description	Figs 13, 32 H, 34	en	De Oliveira, Luiz Fernando M., Brescovit, Antonio Domingos (2021): Taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis of ghost spiders of the genus Tafana Simon, 1903 (Araneae: Dionycha, Anyphaenidae), with the descriptions of twelve new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 742: 1-77, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291
03CF87ADFFBC6638FDF89756FE32FCE3.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Males of Tafana quelchi differ from those of all other species in the genus by the presence of a bifid retrolateral tibial apophysis and by the apical prolateral tibial apophysis (Fig. 13 C – E). Females are readily recognized by having the copulatory ducts coiled, covering the primary spermathecae (Figs 13 G, 32 H).	en	De Oliveira, Luiz Fernando M., Brescovit, Antonio Domingos (2021): Taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis of ghost spiders of the genus Tafana Simon, 1903 (Araneae: Dionycha, Anyphaenidae), with the descriptions of twelve new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 742: 1-77, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291
03CF87ADFFBC6638FDF89756FE32FCE3.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined Syntypes BRAZIL • 1 ♂, 1 immature ♂; Monte Roraima [frontier between Brazil and Venezuela]; J. J. Quelch leg.; BMNH 1895.3.30.1. Other material GUYANA • 2 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀; Monte Roraima [frontier between Brazil and Guyana]; 14 Mar. 1899; J. J. Quelch leg; BMNH 1899.3.14 - 23. VENEZUELA – Bolívar • 1 ♀; Monte Roraima; Parque Nacional Canaima, Trilha Chirimatá; [5 ° 20 ′ 00 ″ N, 61 ° 30 ′ 00 ″ W]; 15 Nov. 2001; M. O. Gonzaga leg.; IBSP 23131.	en	De Oliveira, Luiz Fernando M., Brescovit, Antonio Domingos (2021): Taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis of ghost spiders of the genus Tafana Simon, 1903 (Araneae: Dionycha, Anyphaenidae), with the descriptions of twelve new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 742: 1-77, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291
03CF87ADFFBC6638FDF89756FE32FCE3.taxon	description	Description Male (BMNH 1895.3.30.1) COLOR. Exemplar probably discolored. Carapace reddish brown, darker in cephalic region (Fig. 13 A). Labium, sternum and endites reddish brown. Chelicerae reddish brown. Legs I – III brown, darker at tarsi. The metatarsus and tarsus of leg IV are lost. Abdomen brown with dark dorsal spots (Fig. 13 A). MEASUREMENTS. Total length 11.3, carapace length 5.3, width 4.2. Clypeus height 0.175. Eye diameters and interdistances: AME 0.15, ALE 0.22, PME 0.26, PLE 0.26; AME – AME 0.08, AME – ALE 0.05, PME – PME 0.18, PME – PLE 0.2, ALE – PLE 0.13. Chelicerae 1.95 long, with five promarginal teeth and seven retromarginal denticles. LEG MEASUREMENTS. I — femur 5.1 / patella 2.3 / tibia 5.2 / metatarsus 4.6 / tarsus 2.2 / total 19.4; II — 5.0 / 2.3 / 4.8 / 4.3 / 1.6 / 18.0; III — 4.2 / 1.9 / 3.5 / 3.9 / 1.4 / 14.9; IV — 5.3 / 2.1 / 4.6 / 12.0. LEG SPINATION. I — tibia v 2 - 2 - 2, p 1 - 1 - 0, r 1 - 1 - 0, metatarsus v 2 - 0 - 0, p 1 - 0 - 0, r 1 - 0 - 0; II — tibia v 2 - 2 - 2, p 1 - 1 - 0, r 1 - 1 - 0, metatarsus p 1 - 0 - 0, r 1 - 0 - 0; III — tibia p 1 - 1 - 0, r 1 - 1 - 0; IV — tibia r 1 - 1 - 0. PALP. Retrolateral tibial apophysis branching and prolateral tibial apophysis short; cymbium without retrolateral projection; embolus long; apophysis at the base of the embolus short with the apex curved; median apophysis slender and curved; ventral tegular process with hyaline area; projected subtegulum; sperm duct in vertical position with secondary looping reaching the apex of the tegulum (Fig. 13 C – E). ABDOMEN. Length 5.6, epigastric furrow 0.89 from tracheal spiracle, spiracle 2.75 from base of spinnerets. Female (BMNH 1899.3.14) COLOR. Exemplar probably discolored. Carapace brown, darker in cephalic region (Fig. 13 B). Labium, sternum and endites reddish brown. Chelicerae reddish brown. Legs I – IV brown, darker at tarsi. Abdomen gray with dorsal spots (Fig. 13 B). MEASUREMENTS. Total length 11.8, carapace length 5.3, width 3.9. Clypeus height 0.17. Eye diameters and interdistances: AME 0.13, ALE 0.26, PME 0.25, PLE 0.25; AME – AME 0.38, AME – ALE 0.06, PME – PME 0.26, PME – PLE 0.22, ALE – PLE 0.12. Chelicerae 2.65 long, with four promarginal teeth and eight retromarginal denticles. LEG MEASUREMENTS. I — femur 4.95 / patella 2.3 / tibia 4.8 / metatarsus 4.1 / tarsus 0.0 / total 16.15; II — absent; III — absent; IV — 4.5 / 2.1 / 4.7 / 6.1 / 1.75 / 19.15. LEG SPINATION. I — tibia v 2 - 2 - 2, p 0 - 1 - 0, r 1 - 1 - 1, metatarsus v 2 - 0 - 0, p 1 - 0 - 0, r 1 - 0 - 0; IV — tibia p 1 - 1 - 1. EPIGYNUM. Anterior field, hood circular; lateral lobes sinuous, largest in the anterior region; atrium wide with depression in the median field. Internally, copulatory ducts large and coiled, covering the primary spermathecae; secondary spermathecae rounded and fertilization ducts long (Figs 13 F – G, 32 H). ABDOMEN. Length 6.5, epigastric furrow 1.17 from tracheal spiracle, spiracle 3.25 from base of spinnerets.	en	De Oliveira, Luiz Fernando M., Brescovit, Antonio Domingos (2021): Taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis of ghost spiders of the genus Tafana Simon, 1903 (Araneae: Dionycha, Anyphaenidae), with the descriptions of twelve new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 742: 1-77, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291
03CF87ADFFBC6638FDF89756FE32FCE3.taxon	distribution	Distribution Venezuela (Fig. 34).	en	De Oliveira, Luiz Fernando M., Brescovit, Antonio Domingos (2021): Taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis of ghost spiders of the genus Tafana Simon, 1903 (Araneae: Dionycha, Anyphaenidae), with the descriptions of twelve new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 742: 1-77, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291
03CF87ADFFBE6636FDF39534FDE6FA79.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: DF 812485 - CC 76 - 40 AF-A 647 - C 36685 CAEB 9 F Figs 14, 32 I, 35	en	De Oliveira, Luiz Fernando M., Brescovit, Antonio Domingos (2021): Taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis of ghost spiders of the genus Tafana Simon, 1903 (Araneae: Dionycha, Anyphaenidae), with the descriptions of twelve new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 742: 1-77, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291
03CF87ADFFBE6636FDF39534FDE6FA79.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Males of Tafana kunturmarqa sp. nov. resemble those of T. straminea and T. ruizi sp. nov. by having the retrolateral tibial apophysis conical, but differs by having the embolus short and the apophysis at the base of the embolus larger (Fig. 14 C – E). Females resemble those of T. straminea and T. ruizi sp. nov. by having the epigynal plate with atrial septum, but differ by having the secondary spermathecae above the primary spermathecae, rounded, and fertilization ducts smaller than primary spermathecae (Figs 14 F – G, 32 I).	en	De Oliveira, Luiz Fernando M., Brescovit, Antonio Domingos (2021): Taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis of ghost spiders of the genus Tafana Simon, 1903 (Araneae: Dionycha, Anyphaenidae), with the descriptions of twelve new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 742: 1-77, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291
03CF87ADFFBE6636FDF39534FDE6FA79.taxon	etymology	Etymology The specific name, a noun in apposition, is a tribute to the Pre-Colombian language ‘ Quechua’, originated in the central Andes. The meaning of the expression ‘ Kuntur marqa’ in this language is ‘ Condor’s nest’.	en	De Oliveira, Luiz Fernando M., Brescovit, Antonio Domingos (2021): Taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis of ghost spiders of the genus Tafana Simon, 1903 (Araneae: Dionycha, Anyphaenidae), with the descriptions of twelve new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 742: 1-77, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291
03CF87ADFFBE6636FDF39534FDE6FA79.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined Holotype COLOMBIA • 1 ♂; Cundinamarca Departament, La Calera; [4 ° 43 ′ 11 ″ N, 73 ° 58 ′ 12 ″ W]; 30 Jun. 1978; C. Hernandez leg.; ICN-Ar. Paratype COLOMBIA • 1 ♀; same collection data as for holotype; ICN-Ar. Other material COLOMBIA – Boyacá • 1 ♀; Santa Maria; [4 ° 51 ′ 36 ″ N, 73 ° 15 ′ 46 ″ W]; 9 Jun. 2000; G. Amaty leg.; IBSP 258327.	en	De Oliveira, Luiz Fernando M., Brescovit, Antonio Domingos (2021): Taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis of ghost spiders of the genus Tafana Simon, 1903 (Araneae: Dionycha, Anyphaenidae), with the descriptions of twelve new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 742: 1-77, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291
03CF87ADFFBE6636FDF39534FDE6FA79.taxon	description	Description Male (holotype, ICN-Ar) COLOR. Exemplar probably discolored. Carapace orange, darker in cephalic region (Fig. 14 A). Labium, sternum and endites reddish brown. Chelicerae reddish brown. Legs I – IV yellow, darker at tarsi. Abdomen yellow with dark longitudinal spots (Fig. 14 A). MEASUREMENTS. Total length 8.1, carapace length 3.6, width 2.6. Clypeus height 0.08. Eye diameters and interdistances: AME 0.1, ALE 0.14, PME 0.14, PLE 0.14; AME – AME 0.06, AME – ALE 0.08, PME – PME 0.2, PME – PLE 0.2, ALE – PLE 0.02. Chelicerae 1.8 long, with three promarginal teeth and four retromarginal denticles. LEG MEASUREMENTS. I — femur 2.6 / patella 1.4 / tibia 2.53 / metatarsus 2.1 / tarsus 1.0 / total 9.63; II — 2.5 / 1.1 / 2.2 / 2.0 / 0.9 / 8.7; III — 1.9 / 1.0 / 1.2 / 1.6 / 0.6 / 6.3; IV — 2.5 / 1.22 / 2.3 / 2.6 / 0.7 / 9.32. LEG SPINATION. I — tibia v 1 - 1 - 0, metatarsus v 2 - 0 - 0; II — tibia v 0; III — tibia p 0 - 0 - 1, r 0 - 0 - 1, metatarsus v 2 - 0 - 2, p 0 - 0 - 1; IV — tibia v 1 - 2 - 2, r 1 - 1 - 0, metatarsus v 2 - 1 - 2. PALP. Retrolateral tibial apophysis conical with apex lightly curved; cymbium with retrolateral projection; short embolus; ventral tegular process near the median apophysis; sperm duct in vertical position with secondary loop reaching the apex of the tegulum; median apophysis long and curved at the apex (Fig. 14 C – E). ABDOMEN. Length 4.2, epigastric furrow 0.9 from tracheal spiracle, spiracle 1.8 from base of spinnerets. Female (paratype, ICN-Ar) COLOR. Exemplar probably discolored. Coloration as in males of this species (Fig. 14 B). MEASUREMENTS. Total length 7.8, carapace length 3.4, width 2.9. Clypeus height 0.08. Eye diameters and interdistances: AME 0.12, ALE 0.14, PME 0.14, PLE 0.14; AME – AME 0.04, AME – ALE 0.06, PME – PME 0.16, PME – PLE 0.14, ALE – PLE 0.02. Chelicerae 2.1 long, with three promarginal teeth and four retromarginal denticles. LEG MEASUREMENTS. I — femur 3.2 / patella 1.5 / tibia 3.42 / metatarsus 3.1 / tarsus 1.2 / total 12.42; II — 3.0 / 1.5 / 3.0 / 2.8 / 1.1 / 11.4; III — 2.2 / 1.1 / 1.5 / 1.9 / 0.6 / 7.3; IV — 3.0 / 1.22 / 2.61 / 3.1 / 0.8 / 10.73. LEG SPINATION. I — tibia v 1 - 1 - 1, metatarsus v 2 - 0 - 0; II — tibia v 0 - 1 - 1; III — tibia v 1 - 2 - 2, metatarsus v 2 - 0 - 2; IV — tibia v 1 - 2 - 2, p 0 - 1 - 0, r 1 - 1 - 0. EPIGYNUM. Hood circular and sclerotized; epigynal plate posterior region covered by cuticle; atrial septum present; lateral lobes sinuous. Internally, copulatory ducts narrow; primary spermathecae oval and large; secondary spermathecae rounded and large, with short fertilization ducts (Figs 14 F – G, 32 I). ABDOMEN. Length 4.3, epigastric furrow 0.8 from tracheal spiracle, spiracle 1.8 from base of spinnerets.	en	De Oliveira, Luiz Fernando M., Brescovit, Antonio Domingos (2021): Taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis of ghost spiders of the genus Tafana Simon, 1903 (Araneae: Dionycha, Anyphaenidae), with the descriptions of twelve new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 742: 1-77, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291
03CF87ADFFBE6636FDF39534FDE6FA79.taxon	distribution	Distribution Known only from Colombia (Fig. 35).	en	De Oliveira, Luiz Fernando M., Brescovit, Antonio Domingos (2021): Taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis of ghost spiders of the genus Tafana Simon, 1903 (Araneae: Dionycha, Anyphaenidae), with the descriptions of twelve new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 742: 1-77, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291
03CF87ADFFB06634FDEB93AAFD52FE9D.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 16 D 23428 - F 7 B 9 - 48 A 6 - 93 EE- 95 B 3 AE 8 F 97 DC Figs 15, 32 J, 35	en	De Oliveira, Luiz Fernando M., Brescovit, Antonio Domingos (2021): Taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis of ghost spiders of the genus Tafana Simon, 1903 (Araneae: Dionycha, Anyphaenidae), with the descriptions of twelve new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 742: 1-77, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291
03CF87ADFFB06634FDEB93AAFD52FE9D.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Males of Tafana humahuaca sp. nov. resemble those of T. riveti and T. nevada sp. nov. by having the short embolus, but differ by having the apophysis at the base of the embolus truncated, extremely short and with excavation between the base of the embolus and the apophysis (Fig. 15 C – E). Females resemble those of Tafana nevada sp. nov. by having the epigynal plate, but differ by having atrium narrow in the anterior region, small hood with lateral lobes extremely curved in the anterior region (Figs 15 F – G, 32 J).	en	De Oliveira, Luiz Fernando M., Brescovit, Antonio Domingos (2021): Taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis of ghost spiders of the genus Tafana Simon, 1903 (Araneae: Dionycha, Anyphaenidae), with the descriptions of twelve new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 742: 1-77, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291
03CF87ADFFB06634FDEB93AAFD52FE9D.taxon	etymology	Etymology The specific name, a noun in apposition, is a tribute to ‘ Quebrada de Humahuaca’, a deep canyon located in Jujuy Province, the type locality.	en	De Oliveira, Luiz Fernando M., Brescovit, Antonio Domingos (2021): Taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis of ghost spiders of the genus Tafana Simon, 1903 (Araneae: Dionycha, Anyphaenidae), with the descriptions of twelve new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 742: 1-77, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291
03CF87ADFFB06634FDEB93AAFD52FE9D.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined Holotype ARGENTINA • 1 ♂; Jujuy Province, Santa Bárbara; [24 ° 18 ′ 31 ″ S, 64 ° 39 ′ 37 ″ W]; Oct. 1969; G. Williner leg.; MACN-Ar 41787. Paratype ARGENTINA • 1 ♀; same collection data as for holotype; Oct. 1962; MACN-Ar 41788.	en	De Oliveira, Luiz Fernando M., Brescovit, Antonio Domingos (2021): Taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis of ghost spiders of the genus Tafana Simon, 1903 (Araneae: Dionycha, Anyphaenidae), with the descriptions of twelve new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 742: 1-77, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291
03CF87ADFFB06634FDEB93AAFD52FE9D.taxon	description	Description Male (holotype, MACN-Ar 41787) COLOR. Exemplar probably discolored. Carapace orange (Fig. 15 A). Labium, sternum and endites yellow. Chelicerae yellow. Legs I – III yellow with spots on the articles. Abdomen with dark spots (Fig. 15 A). MEASUREMENTS. Total length 5.3, carapace length 2.3, width 1.7. Clypeus height 0.06. Eye diameters and interdistances: AME 0.06, ALE 0.1, PME 0.1, PLE 0.08; AME – AME 0.02, AME – ALE 0.02, PME – PME 0.1, PME – PLE 0.08, ALE – PLE 0.02. Chelicerae 0.8 long, with five promarginal teeth and four retromarginal denticles. LEG MEASUREMENTS. I — lost; II — femur 1.7 / patella 0.73 / tibia 1.7 / metatarsus 1.6 / tarsus 0.84 / total 6.57; III — 1.6 / 0.7 / 1.4 / 1.4 / 0.7 / 5.8; IV — lost. LEG SPINATION. II — tibia v 2 - 1 - 2, p 1 - 1 - 0; III — tibia v 1 - 2 - 0, p 0 - 1 - 0, metatarsus v 2 - 1 - 0, p 0 - 1 - 0. PALP. Retrolateral tibial apophysis conical with apex curved; cymbium with retrolateral projection more rounded; embolus short; ventral tegular process near the median apophysis and sclerotized; sperm duct in vertical position with secondary looping reaching the apex of the tegulum; median apophysis slender and curved apically (Fig. 15 C – E). ABDOMEN. Length 2.7, epigastric furrow 0.6 from tracheal spiracle, spiracle 1.0 from base of spinnerets. Female (paratype, MACN-Ar 41788) COLOR. Exemplar probably discolored. Coloration as in males of this species (Fig. 15 B). MEASUREMENTS. Total length 3.2, carapace length 2.4, width 1.3. Clypeus height 0.06. Eye diameters and interdistances: AME 0.08, ALE 0.1, PME 0.1, PLE 0.1; AME – AME 0.04, AME – ALE 0.04, PME – PME 0.16, PME – PLE 0.12, ALE – PLE 0.04. Chelicerae 1.1 long, with four promarginal teeth and five retromarginal denticles. LEG MEASUREMENTS. I — femur 1.6 / patella 0.8 / tibia 1.4 / metatarsus 1.3 / tarsus 0.8 / total 5.9; II — 1.9 / 0.8 / 1.1 / 1.15 / 0.6 / 5.55; III — 1.3 / 0.63 / 0.8 / 1.2 / 0.5 / 4.43; IV — 1.9 / 0.8 / 1.5 / 2.1 / 0.65 / 6.95. LEG SPINATION. I — tibia v 2 - 2 - 0, metatarsus v 2 - 0 - 0; II — tibia v 1 - 1 - 0; III — tibia v 1 - 2 - 2, p 1 - 1 - 0, r 1 - 1 - 0, metatarsus v 2 - 1 - 2; IV — tibia v 1 - 2 - 2, p 1 - 1 - 1. EPIGYNUM. Hood semicircular and sclerotized; short atrium; lateral lobes over copulatory ducts. Internally, copulatory ducts narrow; primary spermathecae large and oval; secondary spermathecae above the primary spermathecae and rounded; fertilization ducts long (Fig. 15 F – G). ABDOMEN. Length 3.2, epigastric furrow 0.7 from tracheal spiracle, spiracle 1.3 from base of spinnerets.	en	De Oliveira, Luiz Fernando M., Brescovit, Antonio Domingos (2021): Taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis of ghost spiders of the genus Tafana Simon, 1903 (Araneae: Dionycha, Anyphaenidae), with the descriptions of twelve new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 742: 1-77, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291
03CF87ADFFB06634FDEB93AAFD52FE9D.taxon	distribution	Distribution Known only from Jujuy, Argentina (Fig. 35).	en	De Oliveira, Luiz Fernando M., Brescovit, Antonio Domingos (2021): Taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis of ghost spiders of the genus Tafana Simon, 1903 (Araneae: Dionycha, Anyphaenidae), with the descriptions of twelve new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 742: 1-77, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291
03CF87ADFFB36633FD179756FCBDFD32.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 89787 AA 8 - 5 ECB- 4826 - BA 94 - 616 D 473519 D 5 Figs 8 L, 16, 32 K, 35	en	De Oliveira, Luiz Fernando M., Brescovit, Antonio Domingos (2021): Taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis of ghost spiders of the genus Tafana Simon, 1903 (Araneae: Dionycha, Anyphaenidae), with the descriptions of twelve new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 742: 1-77, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291
03CF87ADFFB36633FD179756FCBDFD32.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Males of Tafana pastaza sp. nov. differ from those of the other species of this genus by having the apophysis at the base of the embolus bifid, primary apophysis ‘ S-shaped’ and secondary apophysis large, retrolateral projection of the cymbium keel-shaped (Fig. 16 C – E). Females differ from the others by presenting internal copulatory ducts long and sinuous, with a globose extension proximally of the copulatory ducts (Figs 16 F – G, 32 K).	en	De Oliveira, Luiz Fernando M., Brescovit, Antonio Domingos (2021): Taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis of ghost spiders of the genus Tafana Simon, 1903 (Araneae: Dionycha, Anyphaenidae), with the descriptions of twelve new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 742: 1-77, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291
03CF87ADFFB36633FD179756FCBDFD32.taxon	etymology	Etymology The specific name is a noun in apposition taken from the type locality, Pastaza Valley.	en	De Oliveira, Luiz Fernando M., Brescovit, Antonio Domingos (2021): Taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis of ghost spiders of the genus Tafana Simon, 1903 (Araneae: Dionycha, Anyphaenidae), with the descriptions of twelve new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 742: 1-77, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291
03CF87ADFFB36633FD179756FCBDFD32.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined Holotype ECUADOR • 1 ♂; Tungurahua Province, Pastaza Valley, between Baños and Mera; [01 ° 04 ′ 00 ″ N, 78 ° 00 ′ 24 ″ W]; 1 Mar. 1949; W. C. Macintyre leg.; AMNH. Paratype ECUADOR • 1 ♀; same collection data as for holotype; AMNH.	en	De Oliveira, Luiz Fernando M., Brescovit, Antonio Domingos (2021): Taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis of ghost spiders of the genus Tafana Simon, 1903 (Araneae: Dionycha, Anyphaenidae), with the descriptions of twelve new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 742: 1-77, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291
03CF87ADFFB36633FD179756FCBDFD32.taxon	discussion	Remark The male specimen is in very bad shape, having lost the chelicerae and almost all the legs, and with the abdomen partially deteriorated (Fig. 16 A).	en	De Oliveira, Luiz Fernando M., Brescovit, Antonio Domingos (2021): Taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis of ghost spiders of the genus Tafana Simon, 1903 (Araneae: Dionycha, Anyphaenidae), with the descriptions of twelve new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 742: 1-77, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291
03CF87ADFFB36633FD179756FCBDFD32.taxon	description	Description Male (holotype, AMNH) COLOR. Exemplar discolored. Carapace reddish brown (16 A). Labium, sternum and endites reddish brown. Legs reddish, only right femur IV and left femur III intact. Abdomen discolored (Fig. 16 A). MEASUREMENTS. Total length 8.5, carapace length 3.3, width 2.9. Clypeus height 0.08. Eye diameters and interdistances: AME 0.08, ALE 0.12, PME 0.12, PLE 0.1; AME – AME 0.06, AME – ALE 0.06, PME – PME 0.16, PME – PLE 0.20, ALE – PLE 0.06. LEG MEASUREMENTS. III — femur 3.2; IV — femur 4.38. PALP. Retrolateral tibial apophysis conical and curved, apical protuberance on the tibia in retrolateral view; cymbium with retrolateral projection keel-shaped; embolus long; subtegulum prolateral projected; ventral tegular process not present; sperm duct secondary loop reaching apex of the tegulum; median apophysis thick and curved at the apex (Fig. 16 C – E). ABDOMEN. Length 5.0, epigastric furrow 1.1 from tracheal spiracle, spiracle 3.2 from base of spinnerets. Female (paratype, AMNH) COLOR. Exemplar probably discolored. Carapace reddish brown (Fig. 16 B). Labium, sternum and endites reddish brown. Chelicerae reddish brown. Legs I – IV yellow, darker at tarsi. Abdomen yellowish gray with dark spots (Fig. 16 B). MEASUREMENTS. Total length 9.3, carapace length 3.8, width 3.2. Clypeus height 0.12. Eye diameters and interdistances: AME 0.1, ALE 0.18, PME 0.18, PLE 0.18; AME – AME 0.08, AME – ALE 0.04, PME – PME 0.2, PME – PLE 0.18, ALE – PLE 0.08. Chelicerae 1.6 long, with four promarginal teeth and five retromarginal denticles. LEG MEASUREMENTS. I — femur 4.4 / patella 1.7 / tibia 4.7 / metatarsus 3.6 / tarsus 1.8 / total 16.2; II — 4.5 / 1.7 / 4.5 / 3.4 / 1.7 / 15.8; III — 3.3 / 1.4 / 2.5 / 3.1 / 1.3 / 11.6; IV — 3.9 / 1.4 / 3.3 / 4.0 / 1.4 / 14.0. LEG SPINATION. I — tibia v 2 - 2 - 2, p 1 - 1 - 1, r 1 - 1 - 1, metatarsus v 2 - 0 - 0; II — tibia v 2 - 2 - 2, p 1 - 1 - 1, r 1 - 1 - 1, metatarsus p 1 - 0 - 0, r 1 - 1 - 0; III — tibia p 1 - 1 - 0, r 1 - 1 - 0. EPIGYNUM. Hood circular; atrium small; epigynal plate without posterior region covered with sclerotized cuticle; lateral lobes chalice-shaped. Internally, copulatory ducts long and narrow; primary spermathecae oval; secondary spermatechae in the middle of the copulatory ducts; fertilization ducts long, two times the length of primary spermathecae (Figs 16 F – G, 32 K). ABDOMEN. Length 5.3, epigastric furrow 1.3 from tracheal spiracle, spiracle 2.0 from base of spinnerets.	en	De Oliveira, Luiz Fernando M., Brescovit, Antonio Domingos (2021): Taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis of ghost spiders of the genus Tafana Simon, 1903 (Araneae: Dionycha, Anyphaenidae), with the descriptions of twelve new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 742: 1-77, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291
03CF87ADFFB36633FD179756FCBDFD32.taxon	distribution	Distribution Known only from Pastaza Valley, Ecuador (Fig. 35).	en	De Oliveira, Luiz Fernando M., Brescovit, Antonio Domingos (2021): Taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis of ghost spiders of the genus Tafana Simon, 1903 (Araneae: Dionycha, Anyphaenidae), with the descriptions of twelve new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 742: 1-77, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291
03CF87ADFFB5660EFD169566FDC1FC35.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: ABEBEE 44 - 6 E 38 - 47 E 3 - A 0 BA- 7 C 343 EB 73 C 9 B Figs 17 – 18, 32 L, 35	en	De Oliveira, Luiz Fernando M., Brescovit, Antonio Domingos (2021): Taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis of ghost spiders of the genus Tafana Simon, 1903 (Araneae: Dionycha, Anyphaenidae), with the descriptions of twelve new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 742: 1-77, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291
03CF87ADFFB5660EFD169566FDC1FC35.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Males of Tafana nevada sp. nov. resemble those of T. riveti and T. humahuaca sp. nov. by having the short embolus, but differ from the others by having the apophysis at the base of the embolus long and curved (Figs 17 C – D, 18 A – C). Females resemble those of T. humahuaca sp. nov. by having the epigynal plate with parallel lateral lobes, but differ by having a large atrium in the anterior region and a hyaline membrane in the posterior region (Figs 17 F – G, 33 L).	en	De Oliveira, Luiz Fernando M., Brescovit, Antonio Domingos (2021): Taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis of ghost spiders of the genus Tafana Simon, 1903 (Araneae: Dionycha, Anyphaenidae), with the descriptions of twelve new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 742: 1-77, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291
03CF87ADFFB5660EFD169566FDC1FC35.taxon	etymology	Etymology The specific name is a noun in apposition taken from type locality, Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta.	en	De Oliveira, Luiz Fernando M., Brescovit, Antonio Domingos (2021): Taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis of ghost spiders of the genus Tafana Simon, 1903 (Araneae: Dionycha, Anyphaenidae), with the descriptions of twelve new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 742: 1-77, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291
03CF87ADFFB5660EFD169566FDC1FC35.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined Holotype COLOMBIA • 1 ♂; Sierra Nueva Granada, Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta; [10 ° 52 ′ 00 ″ N, 73 ° 43 ′ 12 ″ W]; 9 Apr. 1975; J. A. Kochalka leg.; AMNH. Paratype COLOMBIA • 1 ♀; San Pedro, Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta; [10 ° 52 ′ 00 ″ N, 73 ° 43 ′ 12 ″ W]; 26 Feb. 1975; J. A. Kochalka leg.; AMNH. Other material COLOMBIA – Magdalena Departament • 1 ♀; Santa Marta, San Pedro, Carmelo, Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta; [10 ° 52 ′ 00 ″ N, 73 ° 43 ′ 12 ″ W]; 26 Feb. 1975; J. A. Kochalka leg.; IBNP • 1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding; 3 Mar. 1975; J. A. Kochalka leg.; IBNP • 1 ♂; Santa Marta, SE of the Cerro, Yosagaca, Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta; [10 ° 52 ′ 00 ″ N, 73 ° 43 ′ 12 ″ W]; 30 Dec. 1973; J. A. Kochalka leg.; IBNP • 1 ♂; Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, Serra Nueva Granada; [10 ° 52 ′ 00 ″ N, 73 ° 43 ′ 12 ″ W]; 9 Apr. 1975; J. A. Kochalka leg.; IBNP • 1 ♀; Santa Marta, San Pedro, Carmelo, Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta; [10 ° 52 ′ 00 ″ N, 73 ° 43 ′ 12 ″ W]; 7 Feb. 1974; J. A. Kochalka leg.; IBSP 209872 • 1 ♂; Santa Marta, Serra Nueva Granada; [10 ° 52 ′ 00 ″ N, 73 ° 43 ′ 12 ″ W]; 20 Feb. 1974; J. A. Kochalka leg.; IBSP 209873. – Cordillera Oriental • 2 ♀♀; Scorpa Mission, Serra del Perijá; [10 ° 00 ′ 59 ″ N, 72 ° 57 ′ 28 ″ W]; 10 – 22 Aug. 1968; B. Malkin leg.; AMNH. – Cundinamarca • 1 ♀; Sasaima, Finca Bella Vista; [4 ° 57 ′ 54 ″ N, 74 ° 26 ′ 05 ″ W]; 16 Mar. 1965; P. R. Craig leg.; CAS. VENEZUELA – Aragua • 1 ♀; Rancho Grande; [10 ° 38 ′ 30 ″ N, 68 ° 00 ′ 31 ″ W]; 4 Mar. 1959; A. M. Nadler leg.; AMNH. – Monagas • 1 ♀; Caripe, Cueva del Guácharo; [10 ° 10 ′ 09 ″ N, 63 ° 30 ′ 36 ″ W]; 20 – 30 Jul. 1987; S. and J. Peck leg.; AMNH.	en	De Oliveira, Luiz Fernando M., Brescovit, Antonio Domingos (2021): Taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis of ghost spiders of the genus Tafana Simon, 1903 (Araneae: Dionycha, Anyphaenidae), with the descriptions of twelve new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 742: 1-77, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291
03CF87ADFFB5660EFD169566FDC1FC35.taxon	description	Description Male (holotype, AMNH) COLOR. Exemplar probably discolored. Carapace reddish brown (Fig. 17 A). Labium, sternum and endites reddish brown. Chelicerae reddish. Legs I – IV yellow, darker at tarsi. Abdomen yellow with dark spots (Fig. 17 A). MEASUREMENTS. Total length 5.6, carapace length 2.6, width 2.2. Clypeus height 0.06. Eye diameters and interdistances: AME 0.1, ALE 0.12, PME 0.14, PLE 0.12; AME – AME 0.06, AME – ALE 0.02, PME – PME 0.12, PME – PLE 0.14, ALE – PLE 0.02. Chelicerae 1.1 long, with four promarginal teeth and four retromarginal denticles. LEG MEASUREMENTS. I — femur 2.5 / patella 1.0 / tibia 2.53 / metatarsus 2.2 / tarsus 0.9 / total 9.13; II — 2.3 / 1.0 / 2.2 / 2.0 / 0.8 / 8.3; III — 1.8 / 0.62 / 1.9 / 1.2 / 0.6 / 6.12; IV — 2.4 / 0.9 / 2.0 / 2.6 / 0.62 / 8.52. LEG SPINATION. I — tibia v 1 - 1 - 0, metatarsus v 2 - 0 - 0; II — tibia v 0 - 2 - 0, p 0 - 1 - 0; III — tibia v 1 - 2 - 2, p 0 - 1 - 1, r 1 - 1 - 0, metatarsus v 2 - 1 - 2; IV — tibia r 1 - 1 - 0, metatarsus v 2 - 1 - 2. PALP. Retrolateral tibial apophysis conical and curved; cymbium with retrolateral projection; apophysis at the base of the embolus long and curved; embolus extremely short; ventral tegular process near the median apophysis; median apophysis slender and curved; subtegulum not projected; sperm duct with secondary looping reaching the apex of the tegulum (Figs 17 C – D, 18 A – C). ABDOMEN. Length 3.0, epigastric furrow 0.7 from tracheal spiracle, spiracle 1.1 from base of spinnerets. Female (paratype, AMNH) COLOR. Exemplar probably discolored. Carapace reddish brown (Fig. 17 B). Labium, sternum and endites reddish brown. Chelicerae reddish brown. Legs I – IV yellow, darker at tarsi. Abdomen yellowish gray with dark spots (Fig. 17 B). MEASUREMENTS. Total length 5.9, carapace length 2.6, width 2.0. Clypeus height 0.04. Eye diameters and interdistances: AME 0.1, ALE 0.12, PME 0.12, PLE 0.1; AME – AME 0.06, AME – ALE 0.06, PME – PME 0.14, PME – PLE 0.12, ALE – PLE 0.04. Chelicerae 1.2 long, with four promarginal teeth and five retromarginal denticles. LEG MEASUREMENTS. I — femur 1.88 / patella 1.0 / tibia 1.2 / metatarsus 1.1 / tarsus 0.7 / total 5.88; II — 1.7 / 0.9 / 1.4 / 1.2 / 0.6 / 5.8; III — 1.1 / 0.6 / 0.9 / 1.1 / 0.4 / 4.1; IV — 1.2 / 0.8 / 1.2 / 2.1 / 0.6 / 5.9. LEG SPINATION. I — tibia v 1 - 1 - 0, metatarsus v 2 - 0 - 0; II — tibia v 0 - 0 - 0; III — tibia v 1 - 2 - 2, r 1 - 1 - 0, metatarsus v 2 - 1 - 2; IV — tibia v 1 - 2 - 2, r 1 - 1 - 0. EPIGYNUM. Hood semicircular and sclerotized; broad atrium; lateral lobes covering copulatory ducts; posterior region covered by cuticle. Internally, copulatory ducts short; primary spermathecae large and oval; secondary spermathecae above the primary spermathecae and rounded; long fertilization ducts in horizontal position (Figs 17 F – G, 33 L). ABDOMEN. Length 3.3, epigastric furrow 0.45 from tracheal spiracle, spiracle 1.4 from base of spinnerets. Variation Two males: total length 4.2 – 4.9; carapace 1.9 – 1.9; femur I 1.7 – 1.9. Ten females: total length 4.3 – 6.7; carapace 1.6 – 2.4; femur I 1.3 – 1.9.	en	De Oliveira, Luiz Fernando M., Brescovit, Antonio Domingos (2021): Taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis of ghost spiders of the genus Tafana Simon, 1903 (Araneae: Dionycha, Anyphaenidae), with the descriptions of twelve new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 742: 1-77, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291
03CF87ADFFB5660EFD169566FDC1FC35.taxon	distribution	Distribution Venezuela and Colombia (Fig. 35).	en	De Oliveira, Luiz Fernando M., Brescovit, Antonio Domingos (2021): Taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis of ghost spiders of the genus Tafana Simon, 1903 (Araneae: Dionycha, Anyphaenidae), with the descriptions of twelve new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 742: 1-77, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291
03CF87ADFF88660DFD1B9269FD70FE2B.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: DE 788 AB 4 - AF 1 A- 4605 - 8 F 07 - 9403 EFF 8 DADD Figs 19 – 20, 33 A, 34	en	De Oliveira, Luiz Fernando M., Brescovit, Antonio Domingos (2021): Taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis of ghost spiders of the genus Tafana Simon, 1903 (Araneae: Dionycha, Anyphaenidae), with the descriptions of twelve new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 742: 1-77, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291
03CF87ADFF88660DFD1B9269FD70FE2B.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Males of Tafana huatanay sp. nov. resemble those of T. riveti, T. humahuaca sp. nov. and T. nevada sp. nov. by having the short embolus, but differ by having the base of the embolus wide (Figs 19 C, 20 A – C). Females resemble those of T. riveti, T. humahuaca sp. nov. and T. nevada sp. nov. by having the epigynal plate with curved lateral lobes in anterior region, but differ by having the copulatory ducts medially flattened and secondary spermathecae on the sides of the primary spermathecae in dorsal view (Figs 19 F – G, 33 A).	en	De Oliveira, Luiz Fernando M., Brescovit, Antonio Domingos (2021): Taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis of ghost spiders of the genus Tafana Simon, 1903 (Araneae: Dionycha, Anyphaenidae), with the descriptions of twelve new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 742: 1-77, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291
03CF87ADFF88660DFD1B9269FD70FE2B.taxon	etymology	Etymology The specific name, a noun in apposition, is a tribute to the ‘ Sacred Valley of the Incas’ called Huatanay.	en	De Oliveira, Luiz Fernando M., Brescovit, Antonio Domingos (2021): Taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis of ghost spiders of the genus Tafana Simon, 1903 (Araneae: Dionycha, Anyphaenidae), with the descriptions of twelve new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 742: 1-77, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291
03CF87ADFF88660DFD1B9269FD70FE2B.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined Holotype PERU • 1 ♂; Cusco, Parque Wiñay Wuyna; [13 ° 30 ′ 30 ″ S, 71 ° 58 ′ 18 ″ W]; 10 Feb. 1990; D. Silva leg.; MUSM. Paratype PERU • 1 ♀; Paucartambo, Pilcopata, National Park Del Manu Carretera; [12 ° 08 ′ 00 ″ S, 71 ° 40 ′ 00 ″ W]; 2700 m a. s. l.; 19 Feb. 1990; D. Silva leg.; MUSM. Other material BOLIVIA – La Paz • 2 ♀♀; Sainami, Valley of the Zongo; [16 ° 29 ′ 39 ″ S; 68 ° 08 ′ 51 ″ W]; 4 Aug. 1993; A. D. Brescovit leg.; IBSP 258182. COLOMBIA – Neiva • 1 ♀; Huila, Finca Meremberg, 10 km E of Santa Leticia; [2 ° 59 ′ 55 ″ N, 75 ° 18 ′ 16 ″ W]; Mar. 1979; W. Eberhard leg.; MCZ. ECUADOR – Quito • 3 ♂♂, 1 ♀; Golf Club; [0 ° 15 ′ 00 ″ S, 78 ° 35 ′ 00 ″ W]; 21 Jul. 1958; A. M. Nadler leg.; AMNH. PERU – Cusco • 3 ♀♀; Carretera to Manu National Park, Paucartambo, Pilcopata; [12 ° 08 ′ 00 ″ S, 71 ° 40 ′ 00 ″ W]; 17 – 19 Feb. 1990; D. Silva leg.; MUSM • 1 ♂; same collection data as for preceding but 18 Feb. 1990; MUSM • 1 ♂; Calca, Hacienda Urco; [13 ° 19 ′ 09 ″ S, 71 ° 57 ′ 1700 ″ W]; 15 Oct. 1939; K. P. Schmidt leg.; FMNH.	en	De Oliveira, Luiz Fernando M., Brescovit, Antonio Domingos (2021): Taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis of ghost spiders of the genus Tafana Simon, 1903 (Araneae: Dionycha, Anyphaenidae), with the descriptions of twelve new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 742: 1-77, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291
03CF87ADFF88660DFD1B9269FD70FE2B.taxon	description	Description Male (holotype, MUSM) COLOR. Carapace orange (Fig. 19 A). Labium, sternum and endites yellow. Chelicerae reddish. Legs I – IV yellow, darker at tarsi. Abdomen gray with dark spots (Fig. 19 A). MEASUREMENTS. Total length 5.6, carapace length 2.7, width 2.1. Clypeus height 0.06. Eye diameters and interdistances: AME 0.06, ALE 0.1, PME 0.12, PLE 0.1; AME – AME 0.06, AME – ALE 0.06, PME – PME 0.14, PME – PLE 0.14, ALE – PLE 0.04. Chelicerae 1.7 long, with four promarginal teeth and four retromarginal denticles. LEG MEASUREMENTS. I — femur 2.2 / patella 0.9 / tibia 2.1 / metatarsus 1.8 / tarsus 1.0 / total 8.0; II — 2.0 / 1.0 / 1.9 / 1.7 / 0.9 / 7.5; III — 1.8 / 0.9 / 1.3 / 1.5 / 0.5 / 6.0; IV — 2.5 / 1.1 / 2.15 / 2.7 / 0.7 / 9.15. LEG SPINATION. I — tibia v 2 - 2 - 2, metatarsus v 2 - 0 - 0; II — tibia v 1 - 2 - 2, p 0 - 1 - 0; III — tibia v 1 - 2 - 2, p 0 - 1 - 1, r 0 - 1 - 1; IV — tibia p 1 - 1 - 1. PALP. Retrolateral tibial apophysis short and curved; cymbium with retrolateral projection; apophysis at the base of the embolus short and furrowed; embolus short; ventral tegular process near the median apophysis; sperm duct with secondary looping reaching the apex of the tegulum (Figs 19 C – E, 20 A – C). ABDOMEN. Length 2.8, epigastric furrow 0.7 from tracheal spiracle, spiracle 1.0 from base of spinnerets. Female (paratype, MUSM) COLOR. Coloration as in males of this species, except for reddish carapace and chelicerae reddish brown (Fig. 19 B). MEASUREMENTS. Total length 6.0, carapace length 2.1, width 1.7. Clypeus height 0.06. Eye diameters and interdistances: AME 0.06, ALE 0.1, PME 0.1, PLE 0.1; AME – AME 0.04, AME – ALE 0.04, PME – PME 0.12, PME – PLE 0.12, ALE – PLE 0.04. Chelicerae 1.1 long, with four promarginal teeth and three retromarginal denticles. LEG MEASUREMENTS. I — femur 1.5 / patella 0.63 / tibia 1.3 / metatarsus 1.1 / tarsus 0.6 / total 5.13; II — 1.42 / 0.5 / 1.1 / 1.1 / 0.6 / 4.72; III — 1.2 / 0.6 / 0.8 / 1.1 / 0.4 / 4.1; IV — 1.6 / 0.6 / 1.3 / 1.4 / 0.6 / 5.5. LEG SPINATION. I — tibia v 2 - 2 - 0, metatarsus v 2 - 0 - 0; II — tibia v 2 - 2 - 0; III — tibia v 1 - 2 - 2, p 0 - 1 - 1, r 0 - 1 - 1, metatarsus v 2 - 1 - 2; IV — tibia p 0 - 1 - 1, r 0 - 1 - 1. EPIGYNUM. Hood semircular, with sclerotized lateral lobes; atrium narrow and elongated; epigynal plate covered by cuticle in the posterior region; lateral lobes extremely curved in anterior region. Internally, copulatory ducts sinuous and flattened; primary spermathecae large and oval; secondary spermathecae lateral to the primary spermathecae, rounded, and fertilization ducts long (Figs 19 F – G, 20 E, 33 A). ABDOMEN. Length 3.8, epigastric furrow 0.8 from tracheal spiracle, spiracle 1.7 from base of spinnerets. Variation Five males: total length 4.4 – 7.9; carapace 2.0 – 3.3; femur I 1.9 – 2.6. Six females: total length 4.3 – 5.3; carapace 1.8 – 2.0; femur I 1.3 – 1.5.	en	De Oliveira, Luiz Fernando M., Brescovit, Antonio Domingos (2021): Taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis of ghost spiders of the genus Tafana Simon, 1903 (Araneae: Dionycha, Anyphaenidae), with the descriptions of twelve new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 742: 1-77, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291
03CF87ADFF88660DFD1B9269FD70FE2B.taxon	distribution	Distribution Colombia, Ecuador, Peru and Bolivia (Fig. 34).	en	De Oliveira, Luiz Fernando M., Brescovit, Antonio Domingos (2021): Taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis of ghost spiders of the genus Tafana Simon, 1903 (Araneae: Dionycha, Anyphaenidae), with the descriptions of twelve new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 742: 1-77, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291
03CF87ADFF8C6608FD069756FE3FFD3E.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: DAF 38 D 70 - D 874 - 40 E 0 - 9 C 78 - A 041 F 4 B 36 B 88 Figs 21, 33 B, 34	en	De Oliveira, Luiz Fernando M., Brescovit, Antonio Domingos (2021): Taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis of ghost spiders of the genus Tafana Simon, 1903 (Araneae: Dionycha, Anyphaenidae), with the descriptions of twelve new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 742: 1-77, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291
03CF87ADFF8C6608FD069756FE3FFD3E.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Males of Tafana ruizi sp. nov. resemble those of T. straminea and T. kunturmarqa sp. nov. by having the base of the embolus large and inclined, but differ by having the ventral tegular process large and apex of tegulum not rounded (Fig. 21 C). Females resemble those of T. straminea and T. kunturmarqa sp. nov. by having the atrial septum, but differ by having the wide atrium, showing the copulation openings and hood long and circular (Figs 21 F – G, 33 B).	en	De Oliveira, Luiz Fernando M., Brescovit, Antonio Domingos (2021): Taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis of ghost spiders of the genus Tafana Simon, 1903 (Araneae: Dionycha, Anyphaenidae), with the descriptions of twelve new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 742: 1-77, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291
03CF87ADFF8C6608FD069756FE3FFD3E.taxon	etymology	Etymology The specific name is a patronym in honor of the Cuban arachnologist Alexandre Sánchez-Ruiz for his contributions to the taxonomy of spiders.	en	De Oliveira, Luiz Fernando M., Brescovit, Antonio Domingos (2021): Taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis of ghost spiders of the genus Tafana Simon, 1903 (Araneae: Dionycha, Anyphaenidae), with the descriptions of twelve new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 742: 1-77, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291
03CF87ADFF8C6608FD069756FE3FFD3E.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined Holotype COLOMBIA • 1 ♂; Departamento de Caldas, Pensilvania; [5 ° 23 ′ 02 ″ N, 75 ° 09 ′ 40 ″ W]; 10 Oct. 2003; A. Sánchez-Ruiz leg.; IBSP 258183. Paratype COLOMBIA • 1 ♀; same collection data as for holotype; IBSP 258183.	en	De Oliveira, Luiz Fernando M., Brescovit, Antonio Domingos (2021): Taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis of ghost spiders of the genus Tafana Simon, 1903 (Araneae: Dionycha, Anyphaenidae), with the descriptions of twelve new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 742: 1-77, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291
03CF87ADFF8C6608FD069756FE3FFD3E.taxon	description	Description Male (holotype, IBSP 258183) COLOR. Carapace reddish brown (Fig. 21 A). Labium, sternum and endites yellow. Chelicerae reddish brown. Legs I – IV yellow with spots, darker at tarsi. Abdomen dark with spots yellow in dorsal view (Fig. 21 A). MEASUREMENTS. Total length 6.9, carapace length 3.2, width 2.5. Clypeus height 0.1. Eye diameters and interdistances: AME 0.1, ALE 0.14, PME 0.14, PLE 0.14; AME – AME 0.08, AME – ALE 0.1, PME – PME 0.16, PME – PLE 0.16, ALE – PLE 0.04. Chelicerae 2.0 long, with four promarginal teeth and five retromarginal denticles. LEG MEASUREMENTS. I — femur 2.7 / patella 1.2 / tibia 2.7 / metatarsus 2.3 / tarsus 1.1 / total 10.0; II — 2.5 / 1.1 / 2.5 / 2.0 / 1.0 / 9.1; III — 2.0 / 0.9 / 1.4 / 1.7 / 0.6 / 6.6; IV — 2.4 / 1.1 / 2.3 / 2.7 / 0.8 / 9.3. LEG SPINATION. I — tibia v 1 - 2 - 1 - 1 - 1, metatarsus v 2 - 0 - 0; II — tibia v 0 - 2 - 1; III — tibia v 1 - 2 - 2, p 0 - 0 - 1, r 0 - 1 - 1, metatarsus v 2 - 0 - 2, p 0 - 1 - 1, r 0 - 1 - 1; IV — tibia v 1 - 2 - 2, r 1 - 1 - 0, metatarsus v 2 - 0 - 2. PALP. Retrolateral tibial apophysis long and curved; cymbium with retrolateral projection; apophysis at the base of the embolus short and furrowed; embolus long; ventral tegular process wide and near the median apophysis; sperm duct with the secondary looping almost reaching apex of tegulum (Fig. 21 C – E). ABDOMEN. Length 3.6, epigastric furrow 0.9 from tracheal spiracle, spiracle 1.1 from base of spinnerets. Female (paratype, IBSP 258183) COLOR. Coloration as in males of this species, except for the reddish carapace and chelicerae reddish brown and robust (Fig. 21 B). Abdomen gray with spots in dorsal view (Fig. 21 B). MEASUREMENTS. Total length 7.4, carapace length 3.0, width 2.4. Clypeus height 0.10. Eye diameters and interdistances: AME 0.12, ALE 0.14, PME 0.14, PLE 0.14; AME – AME 0.06, AME – ALE 0.06, PME – PME 0.2, PME – PLE 0.12, ALE – PLE 0.04. Chelicerae 1.2 long, with five promarginal teeth and six retromarginal denticles. LEG MEASUREMENTS. I — femur 2.1 / patella 1.1 / tibia 1.9 / metatarsus 1.5 / tarsus 0.8 / total 7.4; II — 2.0 / 1.1 / 1.8 / 1.5 / 0.8 / 7.2; III — 1.52 / 0.9 / 1.1 / 1.4 / 0.5 / 5.42; IV — 2.0 / 1.0 / 2.0 / 2.2 / 0.6 / 7.8. LEG SPINATION. I — tibia v 2 - 2 - 0, metatarsus v 2 - 0 - 0; III — metatarsus v 2 - 0 - 2, p 1 - 0 - 1, r 0 - 0 - 1; IV — tibia r 0 - 1 - 0, metatarsus v 2 - 0 - 2, p 0 - 1 - 1, r 0 - 1 - 1. EPIGYNUM. Hood circular; atrial septum present; epigynal plate covered by cuticle in the posterior region; lateral lobes extremely curved in anterior region. Internally, copulatory ducts sinuous and laminar; primary spermathecae large and oval; secondary spermathecae short and rounded in the anterior region on the copulatory ducts; fertilization ducts long over the primary spermathecae (Figs 21 F – G, 33 B). ABDOMEN. Length 4.1, epigastric furrow 0.98 from tracheal spiracle, spiracle 1.9 from base of spinnerets.	en	De Oliveira, Luiz Fernando M., Brescovit, Antonio Domingos (2021): Taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis of ghost spiders of the genus Tafana Simon, 1903 (Araneae: Dionycha, Anyphaenidae), with the descriptions of twelve new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 742: 1-77, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291
03CF87ADFF8C6608FD069756FE3FFD3E.taxon	distribution	Distribution Colombia (Fig. 34).	en	De Oliveira, Luiz Fernando M., Brescovit, Antonio Domingos (2021): Taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis of ghost spiders of the genus Tafana Simon, 1903 (Araneae: Dionycha, Anyphaenidae), with the descriptions of twelve new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 742: 1-77, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291
03CF87ADFF8E6608FD3F9549FE81FB62.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Males of this group can be recognized by having the apophysis at the base of the embolus curved and laminar (Figs 9 C – D, 22 C, 23 B, 26 A – B); the sperm duct forming an inverted ‘ S-shape’ in the male palp not expanded, with secondary looping in the middle of the tegulum (Figs 9 A, 22 C, 25 C). The females can be recognized by having the atrium wide and copulatory ducts large in the anterior region (Figs 22 G, 26 D, 33 D – F).	en	De Oliveira, Luiz Fernando M., Brescovit, Antonio Domingos (2021): Taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis of ghost spiders of the genus Tafana Simon, 1903 (Araneae: Dionycha, Anyphaenidae), with the descriptions of twelve new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 742: 1-77, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291
03CF87ADFF8E6608FD3F9549FE81FB62.taxon	discussion	Included species Tafana silhavyi (Caporiacco, 1955), T. chimire sp. nov., T. maracay sp. nov., T. arawak sp. nov., T. pettieri sp. nov.	en	De Oliveira, Luiz Fernando M., Brescovit, Antonio Domingos (2021): Taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis of ghost spiders of the genus Tafana Simon, 1903 (Araneae: Dionycha, Anyphaenidae), with the descriptions of twelve new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 742: 1-77, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291
03CF87ADFF8E6607FDD192B6FE32FC96.taxon	description	Figs 6 E, 8 A – B, G – K, 9 A, C – D, 22 – 23, 33 C, 34	en	De Oliveira, Luiz Fernando M., Brescovit, Antonio Domingos (2021): Taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis of ghost spiders of the genus Tafana Simon, 1903 (Araneae: Dionycha, Anyphaenidae), with the descriptions of twelve new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 742: 1-77, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291
03CF87ADFF8E6607FDD192B6FE32FC96.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Males of Tafana silhavyi resemble those of T. chimirae sp. nov., T. maracay sp. nov., T. arawak sp. nov. and T. pittieri sp. nov. by having the laminar apophysis at the base of the embolus, but differ by presenting a secondary looping with wide curvature (Figs 9 A, 22 C). Females resemble those of T. maracay sp. nov. and T. arawak sp. nov. by having the wide atrium, but differ by having the copulatory ducts extremely large in the anterior region (Figs 22 F – G, 33 C).	en	De Oliveira, Luiz Fernando M., Brescovit, Antonio Domingos (2021): Taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis of ghost spiders of the genus Tafana Simon, 1903 (Araneae: Dionycha, Anyphaenidae), with the descriptions of twelve new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 742: 1-77, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291
03CF87ADFF8E6607FDD192B6FE32FC96.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined Holotype VENEZUELA • ♂; Federal District, El Junquito; [10 ° 28 ′ 0 ″ N, 67 ° 5 ′ 00 ″ W]; Marcuzzi leg.; MUCV 741. Other material VENEZUELA – Aragua • 2 ♂♂, 10 ♀♀; Colonia Tovar; [10 ° 24 ′ 20 ″ N, 67 ° 17 ′ 22 ″ W]; no date; E. Simon leg.; MNHN 11312 • 1 ♂, 1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding; IBSP 258184.	en	De Oliveira, Luiz Fernando M., Brescovit, Antonio Domingos (2021): Taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis of ghost spiders of the genus Tafana Simon, 1903 (Araneae: Dionycha, Anyphaenidae), with the descriptions of twelve new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 742: 1-77, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291
03CF87ADFF8E6607FDD192B6FE32FC96.taxon	description	Description Male (MNHN 11312) COLOR. Exemplar probably discolored. Carapace orange with cephalic region dark (Fig. 22 A). Labium, sternum and endites yellow. Chelicerae reddish. Legs I – IV yellow, darker at tarsi. Abdomen gray with dark spots (Fig. 22 A). MEASUREMENTS. Total length 4.2, carapace length 1.73, width 1.1. Clypeus height 0.06. Eye diameters and interdistances: AME 0.08, ALE 0.12, PME 0.1, PLE 0.1; AME – AME 0.02, AME – ALE 0.02, PME – PME 0.1, PME – PLE 0.06, ALE – PLE 0.04. Chelicerae 0.9 long, with four promarginal teeth and seven retromarginal denticles. LEG MEASUREMENTS. I — femur 1.9 / patella 0.7 / tibia 2.1 / metatarsus 1.8 / tarsus 0.7 / total 7.2; II — 1.7 / 0.7 / 1.13 / 1.49 / 0.65 / 5.67; III — 1.3 / 0.5 / 0.9 / 1.1 / 0.4 / 4.2; IV — 1.9 / 0.7 / 1.5 / 1.9 / 0.5 / 6.5. LEG SPINATION. I — tibia v 2 - 2 - 2, p 1 - 0 - 1, r 1 - 0 - 1, metatarsus v 2 - 0 - 0, p 0 - 1 - 0, r 0 - 1 - 0; II — tibia v 2 - 2 - 2, p 1 - 0 - 1, r 1 - 0 - 1, metatarsus p 0 - 1 - 0, r 0 - 1 - 0; III — tibia v 1 - 2 - 2, p 1 - 1 - 0, r 1 - 1 - 0; IV — tibia p 1 - 1 - 1. PALP. Retrolateral tibial apophysis short and curved; cymbium with retrolateral projection; projection at the base of the embolus laminar and coiled; embolus long, with large base and narrow apex; median apophysis long and curved apically; ventral tegular process hyaline and short; sperm duct an inverted ‘ S-shape’ (Figs 22 C – E, 23 A – C). ABDOMEN. Length 2.4, epigastric furrow 0.6 from tracheal spiracle, spiracle 1.2 from base of spinnerets. Female (MNHN 11312) COLOR. Exemplar probably discolored. Coloration as in males of this species (Fig. 22 B). MEASUREMENTS. Total length 4.4, carapace length 1.45, width 1.3. Clypeus height 0.04. Eye diameters and interdistances: AME 0.06, ALE 0.08, PME 0.06, PLE 0.08; AME – AME 0.02, AME – ALE 0.02, PME – PME 0.1, PME – PLE 0.04, ALE – PLE 0.04. Chelicerae 0.6 long, with four promarginal teeth and five retromarginal denticles. LEG MEASUREMENTS. I — femur 1.3 / patella 0.6 / tibia 1.3 / metatarsus 1.1 / tarsus 0.5 / total 4.8; II — 1.2 / 0.6 / 1.13 / 1.0 / 0.5 / 4.43; III — 1.0 / 0.4 / 0.7 / 0.9 / 0.4 / 3.4; IV — 1.4 / 0.5 / 1.1 / 1.3 / 0.48 / 4.78. LEG SPINATION. I — tibia v 2 - 2 - 2, p 1 - 1 - 0, r 1 - 1 - 0, metatarsus v 2 - 0 - 0, p 1 - 0 - 0, r 1 - 0 - 0; II — tibia v 2 - 2 - 2, p 1 - 1 - 0, r 1 - 1 - 0, metatarsus p 1 - 0 - 0, r 1 - 0 - 0; III — tibia v 1 - 2 - 2, p 1 - 1 - 0, r 1 - 1 - 0, metatarsus v 2 - 1 - 2; IV — tibia v 1 - 2 - 2, r 1 - 1 - 0, metatarsus v 2 - 1 - 2. EPIGYNUM. Hood triangular and sclerotized, connecting with lateral lobes; atrium large; epigynal plate covered by cuticle in the posterior region; lateral lobes sinuous. Internally, copulatory ducts large in the anterior region; primary spermathecae oval; secondary spermathecae small, above the primary spermathecae; fertilization ducts long (Figs 22 F – G, 33 C). ABDOMEN. Length 2.9, epigastric furrow 0.8 from tracheal spiracle, spiracle 1.1 from base of spinnerets. Variation Two males: total length 4.1 – 4.4; carapace 1.83 – 1.9; femur I 1.7 – 1.9. Ten females: total length 4.0 – 6.2; carapace 1.6 – 2.3; femur I 1.3 – 1.9.	en	De Oliveira, Luiz Fernando M., Brescovit, Antonio Domingos (2021): Taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis of ghost spiders of the genus Tafana Simon, 1903 (Araneae: Dionycha, Anyphaenidae), with the descriptions of twelve new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 742: 1-77, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291
03CF87ADFF8E6607FDD192B6FE32FC96.taxon	distribution	Distribution Venezuela (Fig. 34).	en	De Oliveira, Luiz Fernando M., Brescovit, Antonio Domingos (2021): Taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis of ghost spiders of the genus Tafana Simon, 1903 (Araneae: Dionycha, Anyphaenidae), with the descriptions of twelve new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 742: 1-77, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291
03CF87ADFF816604FD1595C9FD6AFCC7.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: E 82 DBA 67 - 4582 - 40 CE- 878 D-AB 3 F 2 B 6 C 4351 Figs 24, 35	en	De Oliveira, Luiz Fernando M., Brescovit, Antonio Domingos (2021): Taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis of ghost spiders of the genus Tafana Simon, 1903 (Araneae: Dionycha, Anyphaenidae), with the descriptions of twelve new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 742: 1-77, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291
03CF87ADFF816604FD1595C9FD6AFCC7.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Males of Tafana chimire sp. nov. resemble other males of the silhavyi group by the laminar base of the apophysis of the embolus, but differ from them by the base of the retrolateral tibial apophysis with a hook shape apically and the presence of a large basal prominent protuberance on the tegulum (Fig. 24 C – E).	en	De Oliveira, Luiz Fernando M., Brescovit, Antonio Domingos (2021): Taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis of ghost spiders of the genus Tafana Simon, 1903 (Araneae: Dionycha, Anyphaenidae), with the descriptions of twelve new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 742: 1-77, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291
03CF87ADFF816604FD1595C9FD6AFCC7.taxon	etymology	Etymology The specific name is a noun in apposition taken from the name of the type locality, Chimire.	en	De Oliveira, Luiz Fernando M., Brescovit, Antonio Domingos (2021): Taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis of ghost spiders of the genus Tafana Simon, 1903 (Araneae: Dionycha, Anyphaenidae), with the descriptions of twelve new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 742: 1-77, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291
03CF87ADFF816604FD1595C9FD6AFCC7.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined Holotype VENEZUELA • 1 ♂; Chimire; [9 ° 11 ′ 49.2 ″ N, 66 ° 00 ′ 32.4 ″ W]; Jun. 1975; Martinez leg.; MACN-Ar.	en	De Oliveira, Luiz Fernando M., Brescovit, Antonio Domingos (2021): Taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis of ghost spiders of the genus Tafana Simon, 1903 (Araneae: Dionycha, Anyphaenidae), with the descriptions of twelve new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 742: 1-77, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291
03CF87ADFF816604FD1595C9FD6AFCC7.taxon	description	Description Male (holotype, MACN-Ar) COLOR. Exemplar probably discolored. Carapace orange with spots on the extremities (Fig. 24 A). Labium, sternum and endites orange. Chelicerae reddish. Legs I – IV yellow, darker at tarsi. Abdomen yellow with dark spots (Fig. 24 A – B). MEASUREMENTS. Total length 3.8, carapace length 1.8, width 1.5. Clypeus height 0.04. Eye diameters and interdistances: AME 0.06, ALE 0.08, PME 0.08, PLE 0.08; AME – AME 0.02, AME – ALE 0.02, PME – PME 0.08, PME – PLE 0.04, ALE – PLE 0.02. Chelicerae 0.6 long, with four promarginal teeth and six retromarginal denticles. LEG MEASUREMENTS. I — femur 1.1 / patella 0.5 / tibia 1.3 / metatarsus 1.1 / tarsus 0.5 / total 4.5; II — 0.9 / 0.5 / 1.2 / 1.0 / 0.5 / 4.1; III — 0.75 / 0.4 / 0.72 / 0.8 / 0.0 / 2.67; IV — 1.3 / 0.5 / 1.1 / 1.4 / 0.4 / 4.7. LEG SPINATION. I — tibia v 2 - 2 - 2, p 1 - 0 - 1, r 1 - 0 - 1, metatarsus v 2 - 0 - 0, p 0 - 1 - 0, r 0 - 1 - 0; II — tibia v 2 - 2 - 2, p 1 - 0 - 1, r 1 - 0 - 1, metatarsus p 0 - 1 - 0, r 0 - 1 - 0; III — tibia v 1 - 2 - 2, p 0 - 1 - 1, r 0 - 1 - 1; IV — tibia p 1 - 1 - 1. PALP. Retrolateral tibial apophysis short; cymbium with basal retrolateral projection small; apophysis at the base of the embolus laminar and coiled; embolus long with large base and narrow apex; median apophysis long and curved apically; ventral tegular process hyaline apically in the bulb; sperm duct with secondary looping horizontal position (Fig. 24 C – E). ABDOMEN. Length 1.8, epigastric furrow 0.3 from tracheal spiracle, spiracle 0.8 from base of spinnerets. Female Unknown.	en	De Oliveira, Luiz Fernando M., Brescovit, Antonio Domingos (2021): Taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis of ghost spiders of the genus Tafana Simon, 1903 (Araneae: Dionycha, Anyphaenidae), with the descriptions of twelve new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 742: 1-77, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291
03CF87ADFF816604FD1595C9FD6AFCC7.taxon	distribution	Distribution Known only from Chimire, Venezuela (Fig. 35).	en	De Oliveira, Luiz Fernando M., Brescovit, Antonio Domingos (2021): Taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis of ghost spiders of the genus Tafana Simon, 1903 (Araneae: Dionycha, Anyphaenidae), with the descriptions of twelve new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 742: 1-77, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291
03CF87ADFF836600FD1F9756FE32FE2A.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 692 C 24 F 0 - D 9 ED- 4 D 1 B- 9831 - 129 C 603 BB 253 Figs 8 C – F, 25 – 26, 33 D, 34	en	De Oliveira, Luiz Fernando M., Brescovit, Antonio Domingos (2021): Taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis of ghost spiders of the genus Tafana Simon, 1903 (Araneae: Dionycha, Anyphaenidae), with the descriptions of twelve new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 742: 1-77, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291
03CF87ADFF836600FD1F9756FE32FE2A.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Males of T. maracay sp. nov. resemble those of the silhavyi group by having the apophysis at the base of the embolus laminar, but differ from the other species by having the retrolateral tibial apophysis short, curved apically and presenting a basal projection rounded (Figs 25 C – E, 26 C). Females resemble those of T. silhavyi and T. arawak sp. nov. by having the epigynal plate with a wide atrium, but differ by having the copulatory ducts slightly narrowing in the anterior region (Figs 25 F – G, 33 D).	en	De Oliveira, Luiz Fernando M., Brescovit, Antonio Domingos (2021): Taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis of ghost spiders of the genus Tafana Simon, 1903 (Araneae: Dionycha, Anyphaenidae), with the descriptions of twelve new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 742: 1-77, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291
03CF87ADFF836600FD1F9756FE32FE2A.taxon	etymology	Etymology The specific name is a noun in apposition taken from the type locality Maracay, currently the capital of the State of Aragua in Venezuela.	en	De Oliveira, Luiz Fernando M., Brescovit, Antonio Domingos (2021): Taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis of ghost spiders of the genus Tafana Simon, 1903 (Araneae: Dionycha, Anyphaenidae), with the descriptions of twelve new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 742: 1-77, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291
03CF87ADFF836600FD1F9756FE32FE2A.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined Holotype VENEZUELA • 1 ♂; Aragua, Colonia Tovar; [10 ° 24 ′ 20 ″ N, 67 ° 17 ′ 22 ″ W]; E. Simon leg.; MNHN 11319. Paratypes VENEZUELA • 1 ♀; same collection data as for holotype; MNHN 11319 • 1 ♂, 1 ♀; same collection data as for holotype; IBSP 209871. Other material VENEZUELA – Aragua • 1 ♂, 2 ♀♀; same collection data as for holotype; MNHN 11314.	en	De Oliveira, Luiz Fernando M., Brescovit, Antonio Domingos (2021): Taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis of ghost spiders of the genus Tafana Simon, 1903 (Araneae: Dionycha, Anyphaenidae), with the descriptions of twelve new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 742: 1-77, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291
03CF87ADFF836600FD1F9756FE32FE2A.taxon	description	Description Male (holotype, MNHN 11319) COLOR. Exemplar probably discolored. Carapace orange with cephalic region dark (Fig. 25 A). Labium, sternum and endites yellow. Chelicerae reddish. Legs I – IV yellow, darkest at tarsi. Abdomen yellow with dark spots in dorsal view (Fig. 25 A). MEASUREMENTS. Total length 4.7, carapace length 2.1, width 1.8. Clypeus height 0.04. Eye diameters and interdistances: AME 0.08, ALE 0.1, PME 0.1, PLE 0.1; AME – AME 0.02, AME – ALE 0.02, PME – PME 0.1, PME – PLE 0.04, ALE – PLE 0.02. Chelicerae 0.6 long, with four promarginal teeth and five retromarginal denticles. LEG MEASUREMENTS. I — femur 2.0 / patella 0.9 / tibia 2.2 / metatarsus 1.83 / tarsus 0.9 / total 7.83; II — 1.9 / 0.7 / 1.8 / 1.8 / 0.5 / 6.7; III — 1.2 / 0.6 / 1.0 / 1.1 / 0.4 / 4.3; IV — 1.7 / 0.6 / 1.4 / 1.8 / 0.49 / 5.99. LEG SPINATION. I — tibia v 2 - 2 - 2, p 0 - 1 - 1, r 1 - 1 - 0, metatarsus v 2 - 0 - 0, p 0 - 1 - 0, r 0 - 1 - 0; II — tibia v 2 - 2 - 2, p 1 - 1 - 0, r 1 - 1 - 0, metatarsus p 0 - 1 - 0, r 0 - 1 - 0; III — tibia p 1 - 1 - 1, r 1 - 1 - 1; IV — tibia p 1 - 1 - 1. PALP. Retrolateral tibial apophysis short, extremely curved at the apex; cymbium with basal retrolateral projection; apophysis at the base of the embolus laminar and coiled; embolus long with large base and narrow apex; median apophysis long and curved apically; ventral tegular process short and hyaline; subtegulum hardly visible; sperm duct with primary looping large (Figs 25 C – E, 26 A – C). ABDOMEN. Length 2.6, epigastric furrow 0.6 from tracheal spiracle, spiracle 1.2 from base of spinnerets. Female (paratype, MNHN 11319) COLOR. Exemplar probably discolored. Coloration as in males of this species (Fig. 25 B). MEASUREMENTS. Total length 6.6, carapace length 2.5, width 1.95. Clypeus height 0.06. Eye diameters and interdistances: AME 0.08, ALE 0.12, PME 0.1, PLE 0.1; AME – AME 0.02, AME – ALE 0.02, PME – PME 0.14, PME – PLE 0.1, ALE – PLE 0.04. Chelicerae 1.0 long, with four promarginal teeth and five retromarginal denticles. LEG MEASUREMENTS. I — femur 1.8 / patella 0.9 / tibia 1.8 / metatarsus 1.5 / tarsus 0.8 / total 6.8; II — 1.8 / 0.9 / 1.6 / 1.4 / 0.7 / 6.4; III — 1.5 / 0.8 / 1.0 / 1.22 / 0.4 / 4.22; IV — 2.0 / 0.9 / 1.6 / 2.2 / 0.6 / 7.3. LEG SPINATION. I — tibia v 2 - 2 - 2, p 1 - 1 - 1, r 0 - 1 - 0, metatarsus v 2 - 0 - 0, p 0 - 1 - 0, r 0 - 1 - 0; II — tibia v 2 - 2 - 2, p 1 - 1 - 1, r 0 - 1 - 0, metatarsus p 0 - 1 - 0, r 0 - 1 - 0; III — tibia p 1 - 1 - 0, r 1 - 1 - 0; IV — tibia r 1 - 1 - 0. EPIGYNUM. Hood triangular and connecting to the lateral lobes; wide atrium; epigynal plate covered by cuticle in the posterior region; lateral lobes sinuous. Internally, copulatory ducts slightly narrow in the anterior region; primary spermathecae oval; secondary spermathecae large, above primary spermathecae; fertilization ducts long (Figs 25 F – G, 26 D – E, 33 D). ABDOMEN. Length 4.0, epigastric furrow 1.0 from tracheal spiracle, spiracle 1.7 from base of spinnerets. Variation Three males: total length 4.1 – 5.3; carapace 1.8 – 2.4; femur I 1.9 – 2.5. Four females: total length 4.3 – 6.6; carapace 1.7 – 2.3; femur I 1.3 – 2.0.	en	De Oliveira, Luiz Fernando M., Brescovit, Antonio Domingos (2021): Taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis of ghost spiders of the genus Tafana Simon, 1903 (Araneae: Dionycha, Anyphaenidae), with the descriptions of twelve new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 742: 1-77, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291
03CF87ADFF836600FD1F9756FE32FE2A.taxon	distribution	Distribution Venezuela (Fig. 34).	en	De Oliveira, Luiz Fernando M., Brescovit, Antonio Domingos (2021): Taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis of ghost spiders of the genus Tafana Simon, 1903 (Araneae: Dionycha, Anyphaenidae), with the descriptions of twelve new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 742: 1-77, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291
03CF87ADFF86661EFD17947DFE32FB96.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 7 BF 3 C 0 A 5 - 9472 - 46 CF- 80 F 3 - AEEDFB 9 EA 022 Figs 27, 33 E, 35	en	De Oliveira, Luiz Fernando M., Brescovit, Antonio Domingos (2021): Taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis of ghost spiders of the genus Tafana Simon, 1903 (Araneae: Dionycha, Anyphaenidae), with the descriptions of twelve new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 742: 1-77, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291
03CF87ADFF86661EFD17947DFE32FB96.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Males of Tafana arawak sp. nov. resemble others of the silhavyi group by a laminar and coiled apophysis at the base of the embolus, but differ by the retrolateral tibial apophysis bifid (Fig. 27 C – E). Females resemble those of T. silhavyi and T. maracay sp. nov. by the epigynal plate with wide atrium, but differ by the atrium extremely wide and the large hood (Figs 27 F – G, 33 E).	en	De Oliveira, Luiz Fernando M., Brescovit, Antonio Domingos (2021): Taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis of ghost spiders of the genus Tafana Simon, 1903 (Araneae: Dionycha, Anyphaenidae), with the descriptions of twelve new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 742: 1-77, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291
03CF87ADFF86661EFD17947DFE32FB96.taxon	etymology	Etymology The specific name is derived from the Brazilian Portuguese word ‘ Aruaques’ (in Spanish ‘ Arahuaco’) for the name of an indigenous group from the Americas, named ‘ Arawak’, meaning ‘ flour eater’. The name should be treated as a noun in apposition.	en	De Oliveira, Luiz Fernando M., Brescovit, Antonio Domingos (2021): Taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis of ghost spiders of the genus Tafana Simon, 1903 (Araneae: Dionycha, Anyphaenidae), with the descriptions of twelve new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 742: 1-77, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291
03CF87ADFF86661EFD17947DFE32FB96.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined Holotype VENEZUELA • 1 ♂; Aragua, Colonia Tovar; [10 ° 24 ′ 20 ″ N, 67 ° 17 ′ 22 ″ W]; no date; E. Simon leg.; MNHN 11320. Paratype VENEZUELA • 1 ♀; same collection data as for holotype; MNHN 11320.	en	De Oliveira, Luiz Fernando M., Brescovit, Antonio Domingos (2021): Taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis of ghost spiders of the genus Tafana Simon, 1903 (Araneae: Dionycha, Anyphaenidae), with the descriptions of twelve new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 742: 1-77, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291
03CF87ADFF86661EFD17947DFE32FB96.taxon	description	Description Male (holotype, MNHN 11320) COLOR. Exemplar probably discolored. Carapace orange with cephalic region dark (Fig. 27 A). Labium, sternum and endites yellow. Chelicerae reddish. Legs I – IV yellow, darkest at tarsi. Abdomen yellow with spots in dorsal view (Fig. 27 A). MEASUREMENTS. Total length 6.1, carapace length 2.7, width 2.2. Clypeus height 0.08. Eye diameters and interdistances: AME 0.08, ALE 0.12, PME 0.1, PLE 0.12; AME – AME 0.04, AME – ALE 0.02, PME – PME 0.12, PME – PLE 0.06, ALE – PLE 0.04. Chelicerae 1.0 long, with four promarginal teeth and four retromarginal denticles. LEG MEASUREMENTS. I — femur 3.1 / patella 1.1 / tibia 3.8 / metatarsus 3.27 / tarsus 1.3 / total 12.57; II — 2.8 / 1.1 / 3.1 / 2.8 / 1.1 / 10.9; III — 2.0 / 0.8 / 1.2 / 2.0 / 0.6 / 6.6; IV — 2.8 / 0.75 / 2.6 / 3.2 / 0.8 / 10.15. LEG SPINATION. I — tibia v 2 - 2 - 2, p 1 - 1 - 1, r 1 - 1 - 1, metatarsus v 2 - 0 - 0, p 0 - 1 - 0, r 0 - 1 - 0; II — tibia v 2 - 2 - 2, p 1 - 1 - 0, r 1 - 1 - 0, metatarsus p 0 - 1 - 0, r 0 - 1 - 0; III — tibia v 2 - 2 - 2, p 1 - 1 - 0, r 1 - 1 - 0; IV — tibia p 1 - 1 - 0. PALP. Retrolateral tibial apophysis bifid with anterior branch truncated and posterior branch thin; cymbium with retrolateral projection; apophysis at the base of the embolus laminar and coiled; embolus long with large base and narrow apex; median apophysis long and curved apically; ventral tegular process long and hyaline; basal protuberance of the tegulum short; sperm duct with secondary looping in oblique position in the tegulum (Fig. 27 C – E). ABDOMEN. Length 3.2, epigastric furrow 0.63 from tracheal spiracle, spiracle 1.6 from base of spinnerets. Female (paratype, MNHN 11320) COLOR. Exemplar probably discolored. Coloration as in males of this species (Fig. 27 B). MEASUREMENTS. Total length 7.1, carapace length 2.9, width 2.2. Clypeus height 0.06. Eye diameters and interdistances: AME 0.08, ALE 0.1, PME 0.1, PLE 0.12; AME – AME 0.02, AME – ALE 0.02, PME – PME 0.14, PME – PLE 0.08, ALE – PLE 0.04. Chelicerae 1.0 long, with four promarginal teeth and six retromarginal denticles. LEG MEASUREMENTS. I — femur 2.9 / patella 1.1 / tibia 3.2 / metatarsus 2.59 / tarsus 1.1 / total 10.89; II — 2.6 / 1.0 / 2.75 / 2.3 / 1.0 / 9.65; III — 2.0 / 0.8 / 1.5 / 1.7 / 0.6 / 6.6; IV — 2.8 / 0.82 / 2.5 / 3.1 / 0.75 / 9.97. LEG SPINATION. I — tibia v 2 - 2 - 2, p 1 - 1 - 0, r 1 - 1 - 0, metatarsus v 2 - 0 - 0, p 0 - 1 - 0, r 0 - 1 - 0; II — tibia v 2 - 2 - 2, p 1 - 1 - 0, r 1 - 1 - 0, metatarsus p 0 - 1 - 0, r 0 - 1 - 0; III — tibia p 1 - 1 - 0, r 1 - 1 - 0; IV — tibia r 1 - 1 - 0. EPIGYNUM. Hood triangular; wide atrium; epigynal plate covered with hyaline cuticle in the posterior region; lateral lobes sinuous. Internally, copulatory ducts extremely large in the anterior region; primary spermathecae oval and separated; secondary spermathecae small, lateral of the primary spermathecae, and fertilization ducts longer than the primary spermathecae (Figs 27 F – G, 33 E). ABDOMEN. Length 4.0, epigastric furrow 0.8 from tracheal spiracle, spiracle 2.2 from base of spinnerets.	en	De Oliveira, Luiz Fernando M., Brescovit, Antonio Domingos (2021): Taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis of ghost spiders of the genus Tafana Simon, 1903 (Araneae: Dionycha, Anyphaenidae), with the descriptions of twelve new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 742: 1-77, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291
03CF87ADFF86661EFD17947DFE32FB96.taxon	distribution	Distribution Venezuela (Fig. 35).	en	De Oliveira, Luiz Fernando M., Brescovit, Antonio Domingos (2021): Taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis of ghost spiders of the genus Tafana Simon, 1903 (Araneae: Dionycha, Anyphaenidae), with the descriptions of twelve new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 742: 1-77, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291
03CF87ADFF98661FFD0A92C8FD7EF874.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 5763 F 405 - 387 A- 4 B 81 - B 2 A 2 - D 2 A 309390260 Figs 28, 33 F, 35	en	De Oliveira, Luiz Fernando M., Brescovit, Antonio Domingos (2021): Taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis of ghost spiders of the genus Tafana Simon, 1903 (Araneae: Dionycha, Anyphaenidae), with the descriptions of twelve new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 742: 1-77, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291
03CF87ADFF98661FFD0A92C8FD7EF874.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Males of Tafana pittieri sp. nov. resemble those of the silhavyi group by having the secondary looping in the middle in the tegulum, but differ from them by having the large laminar, ring-shaped apophysis at the base of the embolus and retrolateral tibial apophysis short and truncated (Fig. 28 C – E). Females differ from the other species by having the lateral lobes wing-shaped in the median region, covering part of the atrium, and secondary spermathecae with slender shape (Fig. 28 F – G, 33 F).	en	De Oliveira, Luiz Fernando M., Brescovit, Antonio Domingos (2021): Taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis of ghost spiders of the genus Tafana Simon, 1903 (Araneae: Dionycha, Anyphaenidae), with the descriptions of twelve new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 742: 1-77, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291
03CF87ADFF98661FFD0A92C8FD7EF874.taxon	etymology	Etymology The specific name is a patronym in honor of Henri Pittier, a botanist, geographer and ethnologist who devoted himself to the study of the flora and fauna in the National Park Henri Pittier, where the specimen was collected. In the year of 1953 the park (until then called Rancho Grande) was renamed in honor of H. Pittier.	en	De Oliveira, Luiz Fernando M., Brescovit, Antonio Domingos (2021): Taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis of ghost spiders of the genus Tafana Simon, 1903 (Araneae: Dionycha, Anyphaenidae), with the descriptions of twelve new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 742: 1-77, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291
03CF87ADFF98661FFD0A92C8FD7EF874.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined Holotype VENEZUELA • 1 ♂; Aragua, Rancho Grande, current National Park Henri Pittier; [10 ° 20 ′ 58 ″ N, 67 ° 41 ′ 08 ″ W]; 8 – 15 Apr. 1945; M. Beebe et. al. leg.; AMNH. Paratype VENEZUELA • 1 ♀; same collection data as for holotype; AMNH.	en	De Oliveira, Luiz Fernando M., Brescovit, Antonio Domingos (2021): Taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis of ghost spiders of the genus Tafana Simon, 1903 (Araneae: Dionycha, Anyphaenidae), with the descriptions of twelve new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 742: 1-77, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291
03CF87ADFF98661FFD0A92C8FD7EF874.taxon	description	Description Male (holotype, AMNH) COLOR. Exemplar probably discolored. Carapace orange with cephalic region dark (Fig. 28 A). Labium, sternum and endites yellow. Chelicerae reddish. Legs I – IV yellow, darkest at tarsi. Abdomen yellow with spots in dorsal view (Fig. 28 A). MEASUREMENTS. Total length 6.3, carapace length 2.8, width 2.21. Clypeus height 0.08. Eye diameters and interdistances: AME 0.1, ALE 0.12, PME 0.1, PLE 0.12; AME – AME 0.04, AME – ALE 0.04, PME – PME 0.12, PME – PLE 0.1, ALE – PLE 0.04. Chelicerae 1.1 long, with four promarginal teeth and four retromarginal denticles. LEG MEASUREMENTS. I — femur 3.0 / patella 1.1 / tibia 3.5 / metatarsus 3.12 / tarsus 1.2 / total 11.92; II — 2.7 / 1.1 / 2.4 / 2.8 / 0.93 / 9.93; III — 1.98 / 0.8 / 1.53 / 2.0 / 0.6 / 6.91; IV — 2.7 / 0.9 / 2.5 / 3.1 / 0.7 / 9.9. LEG SPINATION. I — tibia v 2 - 2 - 2, p 1 - 1 - 0, r 1 - 1 - 0, metatarsus v 2 - 0 - 0, p 1 - 0 - 0, r 1 - 0 - 0; II — tibia v 2 - 2 - 2, p 1 - 1 - 0, r 1 - 1 - 0, metatarsus p 1 - 0 - 0, r 1 - 0 - 0; III — tibia p 1 - 1 - 1, r 1 - 1 - 1; IV — tibia p 1 - 1 - 1. PALP. Cymbium with large retrolateral projection, embolus long with large base and narrow apex; median apophysis long and curved apically; ventral tegular process short and hyaline; tegulum without basal protuberance; sperm duct with secondary looping in horizontal position; median apophysis laminar, long and curved at the apex (Fig. 28 C – E). ABDOMEN. Length 3.4, epigastric furrow 0.5 from tracheal spiracle, spiracle 1.9 from base of spinnerets. Female (paratype, AMNH) COLOR. Exemplar probably discolored. Coloration as in males of this species, except for chelicerae reddish brown (Fig. 28 B). MEASUREMENTS. Total length 5.4, carapace length 2.2, width 1.8. Clypeus height 0.06. Eye diameters and interdistances: AME 0.08, ALE 0.1, PME 0.1, PLE 0.1; AME – AME 0.04, AME – ALE 0.02, PME – PME 0.14, PME – PLE 0.08, ALE – PLE 0.04. Chelicerae 2.2 long, with four promarginal teeth and four retromarginal denticles. LEG MEASUREMENTS. I — femur 1.9 / patella 0.8 / tibia 1.8 / metatarsus 1.6 / tarsus 0.8 / total 6.9; II — 1.5 / 0.6 / 1.05 / 1.4 / 0.6 / 5.15; III — 1.2 / 0.5 / 0.7 / 1.1 / 0.4 / 3.9; IV — 1.7 / 0.7 / 1.6 / 2.0 / 0.52 / 6.52. LEG SPINATION. I — tibia v 2 - 2 - 2, p 1 - 1 - 0, r 1 - 1 - 0, metatarsus v 2 - 0 - 0, p 1 - 0 - 0, r 1 - 0 - 0; II — tibia v 2 - 2 - 2, p 0 - 1 - 0, r 1 - 1 - 0, metatarsus p 1 - 0 - 0, r 1 - 0 - 1; III — tibia v 1 - 2 - 2, p 1 - 1 - 0, r 1 - 1 - 0, metatarsus v 2 - 1 - 2, p 0 - 1 - 1, r 0 - 1 - 1; IV — tibia v 1 - 2 - 2, p 1 - 1 - 1. EPIGYNUM. Triangular hood with sclerotized border; atrium short; epigynal plate not covered by cuticle, covered in the posterior region; lateral lobes sinuous with wing form in the median region. Internally, copulatory ducts short and curved; primary spermathecae oval and separated; secondary spermathecae small in the posterior region of the copulatory ducts; fertilization ducts longer than primary spermathecae (Figs 28 F – G, 33 F). ABDOMEN. Length 3.2, epigastric furrow 0.6 from tracheal spiracle, spiracle 1.1 from base of spinnerets.	en	De Oliveira, Luiz Fernando M., Brescovit, Antonio Domingos (2021): Taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis of ghost spiders of the genus Tafana Simon, 1903 (Araneae: Dionycha, Anyphaenidae), with the descriptions of twelve new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 742: 1-77, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291
03CF87ADFF98661FFD0A92C8FD7EF874.taxon	distribution	Distribution Known only from Aragua, Venezuela (Fig. 33).	en	De Oliveira, Luiz Fernando M., Brescovit, Antonio Domingos (2021): Taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis of ghost spiders of the genus Tafana Simon, 1903 (Araneae: Dionycha, Anyphaenidae), with the descriptions of twelve new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 742: 1-77, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291
03CF87ADFF9B661BFD0A9756FD60FC7E.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: A 7 E 716 C 9 - A 0 F 8 - 4 F 4 E-A 451 - E 6 D 94 A 3 E 82 CD Figs 29, 33 G, 35	en	De Oliveira, Luiz Fernando M., Brescovit, Antonio Domingos (2021): Taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis of ghost spiders of the genus Tafana Simon, 1903 (Araneae: Dionycha, Anyphaenidae), with the descriptions of twelve new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 742: 1-77, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291
03CF87ADFF9B661BFD0A9756FD60FC7E.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Males of Tafana oliviae sp. nov. differ from those of the other species in the silhavyi group by having the apophysis at the base of the embolus finger-shaped, retrolateral tibial apophysis bifid with anterior branch short and flattened, posterior branch triangular and median tibial apophysis bifid in dorsal position on the tibia (Fig. 29 C – E). Females differ by having the epigynal plate with lateral lobes extremely projected to the sides and by having the small primary spermathecae (Figs 29 F – G, 33 G).	en	De Oliveira, Luiz Fernando M., Brescovit, Antonio Domingos (2021): Taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis of ghost spiders of the genus Tafana Simon, 1903 (Araneae: Dionycha, Anyphaenidae), with the descriptions of twelve new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 742: 1-77, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291
03CF87ADFF9B661BFD0A9756FD60FC7E.taxon	etymology	Etymology The specific name is a matronymic in memory of Olivia de Moura Oliveira, the first author’s mother.	en	De Oliveira, Luiz Fernando M., Brescovit, Antonio Domingos (2021): Taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis of ghost spiders of the genus Tafana Simon, 1903 (Araneae: Dionycha, Anyphaenidae), with the descriptions of twelve new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 742: 1-77, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291
03CF87ADFF9B661BFD0A9756FD60FC7E.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined Holotype ARGENTINA • 1 ♂; Misiones, Santa María; [27 ° 56 ′ 04 ″ S, 55 ° 24 ′ 25 ″ W]; Nov – Dec. 1913; M. J. Viana leg.; MACN-Ar 3565. Paratype ARGENTINA • 1 ♀; Misiones, Cataratas del Iguazú, near the Puerto Iguazú; [25 ° 41 ′ 43 ″ S, 54 ° 26 ′ 12 ″ W]; Nov. 1970; M. E. Galiano leg.; MCZ.	en	De Oliveira, Luiz Fernando M., Brescovit, Antonio Domingos (2021): Taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis of ghost spiders of the genus Tafana Simon, 1903 (Araneae: Dionycha, Anyphaenidae), with the descriptions of twelve new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 742: 1-77, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291
03CF87ADFF9B661BFD0A9756FD60FC7E.taxon	discussion	Remark The male and female were matched by their close localities in Misiones, Argentina. Despite the different colorations of the male and female, the morphology of the genitalia suggests that both exemplars belong to Tafana oliviae sp. nov.	en	De Oliveira, Luiz Fernando M., Brescovit, Antonio Domingos (2021): Taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis of ghost spiders of the genus Tafana Simon, 1903 (Araneae: Dionycha, Anyphaenidae), with the descriptions of twelve new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 742: 1-77, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291
03CF87ADFF9B661BFD0A9756FD60FC7E.taxon	description	Description Male (holotype, MACN-Ar 3565) COLOR. Exemplar probably discolored. Carapace orange, darker in cephalic region (Fig. 29 A). Labium, sternum and endites yellow. Chelicerae reddish. Legs I – IV yellow. Abdomen yellow with lateral dark spots and a yellow spot in the middle (Fig. 29 A). MEASUREMENTS. Total length 3.9, carapace length 1.7, width 1.4. Clypeus height 0.04. Eye diameters and interdistances: AME 0.06, ALE 0.08, PME 0.08, PLE 0.06; AME – AME 0.02, AME – ALE 0.04, PME – PME 0.1, PME – PLE 0.06, ALE – PLE 0.02. Chelicerae 1.0 long, with four promarginal teeth and six retromarginal denticles. LEG MEASUREMENTS. I — femur 2.1 / patella 0.7 / tibia 2.5 / metatarsus 2.2 / tarsus 1.1 / total 8.6; II — 1.6 / 0.5 / 1.7 / 1.5 / 0.7 / 6.0; III — 1.3 / 0.6 / 0.9 / 1.2 / 0.4 / 4.4; IV — 2.0 / 0.6 / 1.3 / 2.1 / 0.6 / 6.6. LEG SPINATION. I — tibia v 2 - 2 - 0, metatarsus v 2 - 0 - 1; II — tibia v 1 - 2 - 0; III — tibia v 1 - 1 - 0, p 1 - 1 - 0, r 1 - 1 - 0, metatarsus v 2 - 1 - 2, r 1 - 0 - 1; IV — tibia v 0 - 1 - 1, p 1 - 1 - 1, r 1 - 1 - 0. PALP. Retrolateral tibial apophysis bifid; cymbium without retrolateral projection; embolus short and bifurcate at the apex; median apophysis long and curved apically; sperm duct with secondary looping reaching the apex of the tegulum (Fig. 29 C – E). ABDOMEN. Length 2.1, epigastric furrow 0.6 from tracheal spiracle, spiracle 1.0 from base of spinnerets. Female (paratype, MCZ) COLOR. Exemplar probably discolored. Coloration as in males of this species except for legs yellow, darker at tarsi. Abdomen yellow (Fig. 29 B). MEASUREMENTS. Total length 5.7, carapace length 2.7, width 1.8. Clypeus height 0.04. Eye diameters and interdistances: AME 0.08, ALE 0.08, PME 0.1, PLE 0.1; AME – AME 0.08, AME – ALE 0.08, PME – PME 0.18, PME – PLE 0.16, ALE – PLE 0.04. Chelicerae 1.1 long, with four promarginal teeth and four retromarginal denticles. LEG MEASUREMENTS. I — femur 2.0 / patella 0.9 / tibia 1.8 / metatarsus 1.4 / tarsus 0.8 / total 6.9; II — 1.9 / 0.9 / 1.1 / 1.3 / 0.63 / 5.83; III — 1.5 / 0.72 / 1.1 / 1.23 / 0.5 / 5.05; IV — 2.25 / 0.8 / 1.72 / 2.1 / 0.7 / 7.57. LEG SPINATION. I — tibia v 2 - 2 - 0, metatarsus v 2 - 0 - 0; II — tibia v 2 - 2 - 0; III — tibia v 1 - 1 - 2, p 0 - 0 - 1, r 0 - 0 - 1, metatarsus v 2 - 1 - 2; IV — tibia v 1 - 1 - 2, p 1 - 1 - 1. EPIGYNUM. Hood semicircular and thick; lateral lobes curved in anterior region; wide atrium; epigynal plate covered by cuticle in the posterior region. Internally, copulatory ducts long and narrow; secondary spermathecae in the anterior region of the copulatory ducts; primary spermathecae small and fertilization ducts longer than primary spermathecae (Figs 29 F – G, 33 G). ABDOMEN. Length 2.9, epigastric furrow 0.7 from tracheal spiracle, spiracle 1.4 from base of spinnerets.	en	De Oliveira, Luiz Fernando M., Brescovit, Antonio Domingos (2021): Taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis of ghost spiders of the genus Tafana Simon, 1903 (Araneae: Dionycha, Anyphaenidae), with the descriptions of twelve new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 742: 1-77, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291
03CF87ADFF9B661BFD0A9756FD60FC7E.taxon	distribution	Distribution Known only from Misiones, Argentina (Fig. 35).	en	De Oliveira, Luiz Fernando M., Brescovit, Antonio Domingos (2021): Taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis of ghost spiders of the genus Tafana Simon, 1903 (Araneae: Dionycha, Anyphaenidae), with the descriptions of twelve new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 742: 1-77, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291
03CF87ADFF9D6612FD1595B0FD1DFDCD.taxon	description	urn: lsid: zoobank. org: act: 34463201 - 9 F 72 - 43 FF- 886 B-A 9 EFCE 74 C 526 Figs 30 – 31, 33 H, 34	en	De Oliveira, Luiz Fernando M., Brescovit, Antonio Domingos (2021): Taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis of ghost spiders of the genus Tafana Simon, 1903 (Araneae: Dionycha, Anyphaenidae), with the descriptions of twelve new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 742: 1-77, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291
03CF87ADFF9D6612FD1595B0FD1DFDCD.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis Males of Tafana orinoco sp. nov. resemble those of T. pastaza sp. nov. by having the shape of the apophysis at the base of the embolus bifid, but differ by the primary apophysis conical and curved in the apex and secondary apophysis furrowed, median tibial apophysis short and triangular in retrolateral position (Figs 30 C – E, 31 A – C). Females differ from those of the other species in the silhavyi group by having quadrangular atrium and copulatory ducts extremely large and short in anterior region of the vulva (Figs 30 G, 33 H).	en	De Oliveira, Luiz Fernando M., Brescovit, Antonio Domingos (2021): Taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis of ghost spiders of the genus Tafana Simon, 1903 (Araneae: Dionycha, Anyphaenidae), with the descriptions of twelve new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 742: 1-77, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291
03CF87ADFF9D6612FD1595B0FD1DFDCD.taxon	etymology	Etymology The specific name, a noun in apposition, is a tribute to ‘ River Orinoco’, one of the most important rivers of the South American continent.	en	De Oliveira, Luiz Fernando M., Brescovit, Antonio Domingos (2021): Taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis of ghost spiders of the genus Tafana Simon, 1903 (Araneae: Dionycha, Anyphaenidae), with the descriptions of twelve new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 742: 1-77, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291
03CF87ADFF9D6612FD1595B0FD1DFDCD.taxon	materials_examined	Material examined Holotype VENEZUELA • 1 ♂; Mawaca, Federal Territory of Amazonas; 84 km SE of La Esmeralda; [3 ° 10 ′ 22.73 ″ N, 65 ° 32 ′ 32.39 ″ W]; 5 Mar. 1985; J. Latke and R. Candia leg.; MIZA 07062. Paratype VENEZUELA • 1 ♀; same collection data as for holotype; MIZA 07062. Other material VENEZUELA – Amazonas Division • 1 ♂; Federal Territory of Amazonas, Cerro de La Neblina; [00 ° 53 ′ 11 ″ N, 65 ° 59 ′ 22 ″ W]; 12 Feb. 1985; W. E. Steiner leg.; USNM • 1 ♂, 1 ♀; Mawaca, Central, Federal Territory of Amazonas; [3 ° 10 ′ 22.73 ″ N, 65 ° 32 ′ 32.39 ″ W]; 5 Mar. 1985; J. Latke and R. Candia leg.; MIZA 07062.	en	De Oliveira, Luiz Fernando M., Brescovit, Antonio Domingos (2021): Taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis of ghost spiders of the genus Tafana Simon, 1903 (Araneae: Dionycha, Anyphaenidae), with the descriptions of twelve new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 742: 1-77, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291
03CF87ADFF9D6612FD1595B0FD1DFDCD.taxon	description	Description Male (holotype, MIZA 07062) COLOR. Exemplar probably discolored. Carapace reddish brown (Fig. 30 A). Labium, sternum and endites reddish brown. Chelicerae reddish. Legs I – IV reddish with spots on the articles. Abdomen with dark spots (Fig. 30 A). MEASUREMENTS. Total length 7.9, carapace length 3.7, width 3.0. Clypeus height 0.1. Eye diameters and interdistances: AME 0.12, ALE 0.18, PME 0.16, PLE 0.16; AME – AME 0.04, AME – ALE 0.02, PME – PME 0.1, PME – PLE 0.08, ALE – PLE 0.02. Chelicerae 1.5 long, with four promarginal teeth and seven retromarginal denticles. LEG MEASUREMENTS. I — femur 4.0 / patella 1.6 / tibia 4.2 / metatarsus 3.9 / tarsus 1.9 / total 15.6; II — 3.9 / 1.59 / 3.8 / 3.6 / 1.5 / 14.39; III — 3.2 / 1.4 / 2.5 / 3.1 / 1.09 / 11.29; IV — 4.1 / 1.5 / 3.6 / 4.5 / 1.3 / 15.0. LEG SPINATION. I — tibia v 2 - 2 - 2, p 1 - 1 - 0, r 1 - 1 - 0, metatarsus v 2 - 0 - 0, p 0 - 1 - 0, r 0 - 1 - 0; II — tibia v 2 - 2 - 2, p 1 - 1 - 0, r 1 - 1 - 0, metatarsus p 0 - 1 - 0, r 0 - 1 - 0; III — tibia p 1 - 1 - 1, r 1 - 1 - 1; IV — tibia p 1 - 1 - 1. PALP. Retrolateral tibial apophysis short and curved; cymbium without retrolateral projection; apophysis at the base of the embolus bifid with secondary apophysis furrowed; embolus short; median apophysis long and curved apically; sperm duct with secondary looping not reaching the apex of the tegulum; subtegulum strongly projected; ventral tegular process inconspicuous (Figs 30 C – E, 31 A – C). ABDOMEN. Length 4.1, epigastric furrow 1.0 from tracheal spiracle, spiracle 2.0 from base of spinnerets. Female (paratype, MIZA 07062) COLOR. Coloration as in males of this species (Fig. 30 B). MEASUREMENTS. Total length 7.5, carapace 3.4, width 2.6. Clypeus height 0.1. Eye diameters and interdistances: AME 0.12, ALE 0.14, PME 0.14, PLE 0.12; AME – AME 0.02, AME – ALE 0.02, PME – PME 0.18, PME – PLE 0.12, ALE – PLE 0.04. Chelicerae 1.6 long, with four promarginal teeth and five retromarginal denticles. LEG MEASUREMENTS. I — femur 3.1 / patella 1.4 / tibia 3.22 / metatarsus 2.9 / tarsus 1.1 / total 11.72; II — 3.1 / 1.2 / 3.0 / 2.72 / 1.1 / 11.12; III — 2.1 / 1.1 / 1.6 / 2.2 / 0.73 / 7.73; IV — 3.3 / 1.24 / 2.9 / 3.3 / 0.84 / 11.58. LEG SPINATION. I — tibia v 2 - 2 - 2, p 1 - 1 - 0, r 1 - 1 - 0, metatarsus v 2 - 0 - 0, p 0 - 1 - 0, r 0 - 1 - 0; II — tibia v 2 - 2 - 2, p 1 - 1 - 0, r 1 - 1 - 0, metatarsus p 0 - 1 - 0, r 0 - 1 - 0; III — tibia p 1 - 1 - 1, r 1 - 1 - 1; IV — tibia p 1 - 1 - 1. EPIGYNUM. Hood narrow and rounded, connected to the lateral lobes; wide atrium; epigynal plate not covered by hyaline cuticle in the posterior region; sinuous and narrow lateral lobes. Internally, copulatory ducts large and short; secondary spermathecae above the primary spermathecae; primary spermathecae separated; fertilization ducts long, superimposed on the primary spermathecae (Figs 30 F – G, 33 H). ABDOMEN. Length 4.0, epigastric furrow 0.5 from tracheal spiracle, spiracle 2.1 from base of spinnerets.	en	De Oliveira, Luiz Fernando M., Brescovit, Antonio Domingos (2021): Taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis of ghost spiders of the genus Tafana Simon, 1903 (Araneae: Dionycha, Anyphaenidae), with the descriptions of twelve new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 742: 1-77, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291
03CF87ADFF9D6612FD1595B0FD1DFDCD.taxon	distribution	Distribution Known only from Venezuela (Fig. 34).	en	De Oliveira, Luiz Fernando M., Brescovit, Antonio Domingos (2021): Taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis of ghost spiders of the genus Tafana Simon, 1903 (Araneae: Dionycha, Anyphaenidae), with the descriptions of twelve new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 742: 1-77, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291
03CF87ADFFEB666DFDBB9428FADBFD1C.taxon	materials_examined	GREECE • 1 ♂, 1 ♀; Kerkira Island; [39 ° 40 ′ N, 19 ° 45 ′ E]; Jan. 1995; Paganelli leg.; MCN 22140.	en	De Oliveira, Luiz Fernando M., Brescovit, Antonio Domingos (2021): Taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis of ghost spiders of the genus Tafana Simon, 1903 (Araneae: Dionycha, Anyphaenidae), with the descriptions of twelve new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 742: 1-77, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291
03CF87ADFFEB666DFDA897C0FE14FDD0.taxon	materials_examined	BRAZIL • 2 ♂♂, 1 ♀; São Paulo, São Paulo; [23 ° 32 ′ 52 ″ S, 46 ° 38 ′ 09 ″ W]; 31 Mar. 2007; F. U. Yamamoto leg.; IBSP 87975.	en	De Oliveira, Luiz Fernando M., Brescovit, Antonio Domingos (2021): Taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis of ghost spiders of the genus Tafana Simon, 1903 (Araneae: Dionycha, Anyphaenidae), with the descriptions of twelve new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 742: 1-77, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291
03CF87ADFFEB666DFDCD95FDFECBFB86.taxon	materials_examined	BRAZIL • 1 ♂; São Paulo, Cotia; [23 ° 36 ′ 14 ″ S, 46 ° 55 ′ 08 ″ W]; 7 Sep. 1983; A. Felix leg.; IBSP 19780 • 1 ♀; Embú das Artes; [23 ° 38 ′ 56 ″ S, 46 ° 51 ′ 07 ″ W]; 13 Oct. 1990; [without name of collector]; IBSP 19783.	en	De Oliveira, Luiz Fernando M., Brescovit, Antonio Domingos (2021): Taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis of ghost spiders of the genus Tafana Simon, 1903 (Araneae: Dionycha, Anyphaenidae), with the descriptions of twelve new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 742: 1-77, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291
03CF87ADFFEB666DFDFD94A2FC3BFCB3.taxon	materials_examined	COLOMBIA • 1 ♂, 1 ♀; Cundinamarca, Ricaurte, Nariño, Reserva Natural La Planada; [4 ° 16 ′ 45 ″ N, 74 ° 46 ′ 22 ″ W]; 14 Mar. 1992; C. Valderrama leg.; MCN 24208.	en	De Oliveira, Luiz Fernando M., Brescovit, Antonio Domingos (2021): Taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis of ghost spiders of the genus Tafana Simon, 1903 (Araneae: Dionycha, Anyphaenidae), with the descriptions of twelve new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 742: 1-77, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291
03CF87ADFFEB666DFDF89022FAEEF88F.taxon	materials_examined	VENEZUELA • 1 ♀; Bolívar, Parque Nacional Canaima, Monte Roraima; [5 ° 20 ′ 00 ″ N, 61 ° 30 ′ 00 ″ W]; [without date]; M. O. Gonzaga leg.; IBSP 32131. BRAZIL • 1 ♀; Roraima, Monte Roraima; [5 ° 03 ′ 00 ″ N, 61 ° 24 ′ 00 ″]; [without date]; G. Tate leg.; AMNH.	en	De Oliveira, Luiz Fernando M., Brescovit, Antonio Domingos (2021): Taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis of ghost spiders of the genus Tafana Simon, 1903 (Araneae: Dionycha, Anyphaenidae), with the descriptions of twelve new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 742: 1-77, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291
03CF87ADFFEB666DFDE79333FE70F99B.taxon	materials_examined	COLOMBIA • 1 ♂; Valle del Cauca, Lago Calima; [3 ° 53 ′ 40.44 ″ N, 76 ° 29 ′ 41.58 ″ W]; Jan. 1979; W. Eberhard leg.; MCZ. ECUADOR • 1 ♀; Quito, Pichincha, Monte Pichincha; [0 ° 15 ′ 00 ″ N, 78 ° 35 ′ 00 ″ W]; Oct. 1994; G. W. Prescott leg.; MCZ.	en	De Oliveira, Luiz Fernando M., Brescovit, Antonio Domingos (2021): Taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis of ghost spiders of the genus Tafana Simon, 1903 (Araneae: Dionycha, Anyphaenidae), with the descriptions of twelve new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 742: 1-77, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291
03CF87ADFFEB666DFDD9922FFCC4FADA.taxon	materials_examined	BRAZIL • 1 ♀; São Paulo, São Paulo, Parque Estadual do Jaraguá; [23 ° 32 ′ 51 ″ S, 46 ° 38 ′ 10 ″ W]; 28 Mar. 2014; J. L. Chavari and R. Indicatti leg.; IBSP 166120 • 1 ♂; Santa Catarina, Florianópolis; 27 ° 35 ′ 49 ″ S, 48 ° 32 ′ 56 ″ W; 12 Feb. 2007; R. S. Melo leg.; IBSP 72660.	en	De Oliveira, Luiz Fernando M., Brescovit, Antonio Domingos (2021): Taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis of ghost spiders of the genus Tafana Simon, 1903 (Araneae: Dionycha, Anyphaenidae), with the descriptions of twelve new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 742: 1-77, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291
03CF87ADFFEB666AFDD49139FE4EFE89.taxon	materials_examined	COLOMBIA • 1 ♂; Departamento Boyacá, Paramo Alto Belén; [5 ° 59 ′ 22 ″ N, 72 ° 54 ′ 44 ″ W]; 23 Sep. 1985; H. Sturn leg.; MCZ. ECUADOR • 2 ♀♀; Tungurahua Province, Baños; [1 ° 23 ′ 47 ″ N, 78 ° 25 ′ 29 ″ W]; 2 May 1939; Clarke and Macintyre leg.; AMNH.	en	De Oliveira, Luiz Fernando M., Brescovit, Antonio Domingos (2021): Taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis of ghost spiders of the genus Tafana Simon, 1903 (Araneae: Dionycha, Anyphaenidae), with the descriptions of twelve new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 742: 1-77, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291
03CF87ADFFEC666AFD179563FE64FC73.taxon	materials_examined	VENEZUELA • 1 ♂, 1 ♀; Aragua, Colonia Tovar; [10 ° 24 ′ 20 ″ N, 67 ° 17 ′ 22 ″ W]; [without date]; E. Simon leg.; MNHN 11320.	en	De Oliveira, Luiz Fernando M., Brescovit, Antonio Domingos (2021): Taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis of ghost spiders of the genus Tafana Simon, 1903 (Araneae: Dionycha, Anyphaenidae), with the descriptions of twelve new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 742: 1-77, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291
03CF87ADFFEC666AFD15944AFAC5FDBF.taxon	materials_examined	VENEZUELA • 1 ♂; Chimire; [9 ° 11 ′ 49.2 ″ N, 66 ° 00 ′ 32.4 ″ W]; Jun. 1975; Martinez leg.; MACN-Ar.	en	De Oliveira, Luiz Fernando M., Brescovit, Antonio Domingos (2021): Taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis of ghost spiders of the genus Tafana Simon, 1903 (Araneae: Dionycha, Anyphaenidae), with the descriptions of twelve new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 742: 1-77, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291
03CF87ADFFEC666AFDEB93A7FDA0F953.taxon	materials_examined	ARGENTINA • 1 ♂; Jujuy Province, Santa Bárbara; [24 ° 18 ′ 31 ″ S; 64 ° 39 ′ 37 ″ W]; Oct. 1969; Williner leg.; MACN-Ar 41787 • 1 ♀; Jujuy Province, Santa Bárbara; [24 ° 18 ′ 31 ″ S; 64 ° 39 ′ 37 ″ W]; Oct. 1962; Williner leg.; MACN-Ar 41788.	en	De Oliveira, Luiz Fernando M., Brescovit, Antonio Domingos (2021): Taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis of ghost spiders of the genus Tafana Simon, 1903 (Araneae: Dionycha, Anyphaenidae), with the descriptions of twelve new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 742: 1-77, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291
03CF87ADFFEC666AFDF392D7FDD5FAC6.taxon	materials_examined	COLOMBIA • 1 ♂, 1 ♀; Cundinamarca Departament, La Calera; [4 ° 43 ′ 11 ″ N, 73 ° 58 ′ 12 ″ W]; 30 Apr. 1978; C. Hernandez leg.; ICN-Ar.	en	De Oliveira, Luiz Fernando M., Brescovit, Antonio Domingos (2021): Taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis of ghost spiders of the genus Tafana Simon, 1903 (Araneae: Dionycha, Anyphaenidae), with the descriptions of twelve new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 742: 1-77, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291
03CF87ADFFEC666AFD1F94C9FD84FCD9.taxon	materials_examined	VENEZUELA • 1 ♂, 2 ♀♀; Aragua, Colonia Tovar; [10 ° 24 ′ 20 ″ N, 67 ° 17 ′ 22 ″ W]; [without date]; E. Simon leg.; MNHN 11314.	en	De Oliveira, Luiz Fernando M., Brescovit, Antonio Domingos (2021): Taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis of ghost spiders of the genus Tafana Simon, 1903 (Araneae: Dionycha, Anyphaenidae), with the descriptions of twelve new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 742: 1-77, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291
03CF87ADFFEC666AFD0A936EFDB6FA1D.taxon	materials_examined	ARGENTINA • 1 ♂; Misiones, Santa María; [27 ° 56 ′ 04 ″ S; 55 ° 24 ′ 25 ″ W]; Nov – Dec. 1913; M. J. Viana leg.; MACN 3565 • 1 ♀; Cataratas del Iguazú [near Puerto Iguazú]; [25 ° 41 ′ 43 ″ S, 54 ° 26 ′ 12 ″ W]; Nov. 1970; M. E. Galiano leg.; MCZ.	en	De Oliveira, Luiz Fernando M., Brescovit, Antonio Domingos (2021): Taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis of ghost spiders of the genus Tafana Simon, 1903 (Araneae: Dionycha, Anyphaenidae), with the descriptions of twelve new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 742: 1-77, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291
03CF87ADFFEC666AFD15909DFBA9F88D.taxon	materials_examined	VENEZUELA • 2 ♂♂, 1 ♀; Mawaca, Central, Federal Territory of Amazonas; [3 ° 10 ′ 22.73 ″ N, 65 ° 32 ′ 32.39 ″ W]; 5 Mar. 1985; J. Lattke and R. Candia leg.; MIZA 07062.	en	De Oliveira, Luiz Fernando M., Brescovit, Antonio Domingos (2021): Taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis of ghost spiders of the genus Tafana Simon, 1903 (Araneae: Dionycha, Anyphaenidae), with the descriptions of twelve new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 742: 1-77, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291
03CF87ADFFEC666AFD179137FCE8F826.taxon	materials_examined	ECUADOR • 1 ♂, 1 ♀; Tungurahua Province, Pastaza Valley [between Baños and Mero]; [01 ° 04 ′ 00 ″ N, 78 ° 00 ′ 24 ″ W]; 1 Mar. 1949; W. C. Macintyre leg.; AMNH.	en	De Oliveira, Luiz Fernando M., Brescovit, Antonio Domingos (2021): Taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis of ghost spiders of the genus Tafana Simon, 1903 (Araneae: Dionycha, Anyphaenidae), with the descriptions of twelve new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 742: 1-77, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291
03CF87ADFFEC666AFD0A95BDFC10FBAC.taxon	materials_examined	VENEZUELA • 1 ♂, 1 ♀; Aragua, Rancho Grande, current National Park Henri Pittier; [10 ° 20 ′ 58 ″ N, 67 ° 41 ′ 08 ″ W]; 8 – 15 Apr. 1945; W. Beebe et al. leg.; AMNH.	en	De Oliveira, Luiz Fernando M., Brescovit, Antonio Domingos (2021): Taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis of ghost spiders of the genus Tafana Simon, 1903 (Araneae: Dionycha, Anyphaenidae), with the descriptions of twelve new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 742: 1-77, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291
03CF87ADFFEC666AFDD19733FD84FE22.taxon	materials_examined	VENEZUELA • 2 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀; Aragua, Colonia Tovar; [10 ° 24 ′ 20 ″ N, 67 ° 17 ′ 22 ″ W]; [without date]; E. Simon leg.; MNHN 11312.	en	De Oliveira, Luiz Fernando M., Brescovit, Antonio Domingos (2021): Taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis of ghost spiders of the genus Tafana Simon, 1903 (Araneae: Dionycha, Anyphaenidae), with the descriptions of twelve new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 742: 1-77, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291
03CF87ADFFED666BFD1B944DFEC1FD5C.taxon	materials_examined	ECUADOR • 3 ♂♂, 1 ♀; Quito, Golf Club; [0 ° 15 ′ 00 ″ N, 78 ° 35 ′ 00 ″ W]; 21 Dec. 1958; A. M. Nadler leg.; AMNH.	en	De Oliveira, Luiz Fernando M., Brescovit, Antonio Domingos (2021): Taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis of ghost spiders of the genus Tafana Simon, 1903 (Araneae: Dionycha, Anyphaenidae), with the descriptions of twelve new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 742: 1-77, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291
03CF87ADFFED666BFD169756FEC1FE23.taxon	materials_examined	COLOMBIA • 1 ♂; Departament Magdalena, Santa Marta, San Pedro, Carmelo, Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta; [10 ° 52 ′ 00 ″ N, 73 ° 43 ′ 12 ″ W]; 7 Feb. 1974; J. A. Kochalka leg.; IBNP. VENEZUELA • 1 ♀; Aragua, Rancho Grande; [10 ° 38 ′ 30 ″ N, 68 ° 00 ′ 31 ″ W]; 4 Mar. 1959; A. M. Nadler leg.; AMNH.	en	De Oliveira, Luiz Fernando M., Brescovit, Antonio Domingos (2021): Taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis of ghost spiders of the genus Tafana Simon, 1903 (Araneae: Dionycha, Anyphaenidae), with the descriptions of twelve new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 742: 1-77, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291
03CF87ADFFED666BFD0694E7FD09FCF6.taxon	materials_examined	COLOMBIA • 1 ♂, 1 ♀; Departamento de Caldas, Pensilvania; [5 ° 23 ′ 02 ″ N, 75 ° 09 ′ 40 ″ W]; 10 Oct. 2003; Sánchez-Ruiz leg.; IBSP 258183.	en	De Oliveira, Luiz Fernando M., Brescovit, Antonio Domingos (2021): Taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis of ghost spiders of the genus Tafana Simon, 1903 (Araneae: Dionycha, Anyphaenidae), with the descriptions of twelve new species. European Journal of Taxonomy 742: 1-77, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2021.742.1291
