taxonID	type	description	language	source
03CF3260E67DFF8FFC1F8C9EFA065DFB.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: Members of Archaeohyrax are characterized by the presence of a well-marked labial sulcus on the talonid of m 3, an unambiguous synapomorphy of our cladistic analysis. This character is also found as a convergence in hegetotheriids. However, the sulcus is shallower and wider in Archaeohyrax and therefore the two conditions may not be homologous. Other characters may diagnose this clade phylogenetically, but they depend on optimization (see discussion of our phylogenetic analysis). Type species: Archaeohyrax patagonicus Ameghino, 1897 Type locality: Cabeza Blanca (see below), Chubut, Argentina. Included species: Archaeohyrax patagonicus Ameghino, 1897, Archaeohyrax suniensis sp. nov. ARCHAEOHYRAX SUNIENSIS SP. NOV. FIGURES 1 – 17, APPENDIX S 1 – 4 (TABLES 1, 2, 4)	en	Billet, Guillaume, Patterson, Bryan, Muizon, Christian De (2009): Craniodental anatomy of late Oligocene archaeohyracids (Notoungulata, Mammalia) from Bolivia and Argentina and new phylogenetic hypotheses. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 155 (2): 458-509, DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2008.00445.x, URL: https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article-lookup/doi/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2008.00445.x
03CF3260E67DFF8FFC1F8C9EFA065DFB.taxon	materials_examined	Holotype: SAL 4: skull and mandible of a young adult, with right I 1, I 3 - M 2, left dI 1 - 2, I 3, P 1 - M 3, right p 1 - m 2 (m 3 is covered with matrix), left p 2 - m 3 (Figs 2, 3). Paratypes: MNHN-BOL-V 006730: skull and mandible associated; SAL 183: rostrum with right and left c-m 3; MNHN-BOL-V 007147: mandible with right i 1, p 1 - m 3 and left i 1 - m 3; YPM-PU 23701: rostrum with right and left p 2 - m 3; SAL 310: mandible with right i 2, p 2 - m 3 and left p 3 - m 3. Referred specimens: See Appendix S 1. Locality: Salla-Luribay, Bolivia. Diagnosis: Differs from A. patagonicus in: smaller size; smaller facial extent of the premaxillaries, not extending further posteriorly than the level of C; smaller number of teeth exhibiting simultaneously a fossette or fossetid (i. e. P 3 - M 2 & p 3 - m 2 in A. suniensis; P 2 - M 3 & p 2 - m 3 in A. patagonicus); more hypsodont cheek teeth, almost hypselodont; second mental foramen situated more anteriorly than in A. patagonicus; stylomastoid foramen situated closer to the tympanohyal recess. Etymology: from suni, an Aymara word that refers to the highland Altiplano in Bolivia. Distribution: Deseadan SALMA, late Oligocene. Specimens all come from the Salla section (MacFadden et al., 1985) but most are from unit 5, Branisella level.	en	Billet, Guillaume, Patterson, Bryan, Muizon, Christian De (2009): Craniodental anatomy of late Oligocene archaeohyracids (Notoungulata, Mammalia) from Bolivia and Argentina and new phylogenetic hypotheses. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 155 (2): 458-509, DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2008.00445.x, URL: https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article-lookup/doi/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2008.00445.x
03CF3260E667FF92FCDF8F1BFAFC5D1A.taxon	diagnosis	Diagnosis: Hegetotheriinae with nasals especially long and thin, not enlarged posteriorly. Labial groove on upper cheek teeth more medially placed than in Prohegetotherium. I 1 enlarged, more oval in crosssection and more obliquely implanted than in Prohegetotherium, Hegetotherium and Hemihegetotherium. I 2 - I 3 - C more reduced than in Prohegetotherium and separated by diastemata, in contrast to Prohegetotherium and Hemihegetotherium, which have a closed dental series. P 3 - M 3 with ovoid occlusal outline, different from the more quadrangular section of other hegetotheriines. Lower canine absent, i 3 reduced, and a diastema separates i 3 and p 1. Lower p 3 with anterior lobe longer than posterior lobe, in contrast to Prohegetotherium and Hemihegetotherium (Reguero & Cerdeño, 2005). Holotype: UF 91621, partial skull and associated incomplete mandible. Referred specimen: SAL 561, a right maxillary with P 4 - M 3 (Fig. 23). Description SAL 561 represents a young adult as the teeth are very slightly worn and still present a pattern of fossettes. Referral of this material to S. altiplanense is difficult as young specimens of this species are not known so far. However, it presents cheek teeth that resemble hegetotheriids especially in their occlusal outline, which appear to be more regular than in Archaeohyrax. It also presents an M 3 clearly smaller in surface area than M 2 (Appendix S 4, Table 5). These two characters are characteristic of hegetotheriids as compared with Archaeohyrax suniensis (see cladistic analysis) to which this specimen could have been referred in initial view (as they come from the same deposits and are of approximately the same size). Moreover, the coexistence of the fossettes is very different to that exhibited in Archaeohyrax suniensis, which represents the most distinct difference with this taxon. SAL 561 presents simultaneously an isolated central fossette on M 1 - 3. This never occurs in A. suniensis. Besides the central fossette, an anterior – labial accessory fossette is present on M 2 - 3. The co-occurrence of the central fossette and the labial accessory fossettes (here, only the anterior one) never occurs on Archaeohyrax and Protarchaeohyrax molars (Croft et al., 2003; see also Discussion of our cladistic analysis). If the assignment of this specimen to Sallatherium is correct, it demonstrates that the original pattern of hegetotheriid cheek teeth presents the typical face pattern of typotherians. Reguero & Cerdeño (2005: 680, fig. 6) referred to another hegetotheriid, Prohegetotherium schiaffinoi (Kraglievich, 1932), a specimen (MNHN-BOL-V 004152) from Salla with unworn upper cheek teeth. It also exhibits the co-occurrence of central and accessory fossettes. However, our re-examination of this specimen (quasi-unworn right P 2 - 4) indicates that it is identical to unworn premolars of A. suniensis, a species to which it is referred here (Fig. 10). Patterson (1934 b) described juvenile teeth of a hegetotheriid, the pachyrukhine Prosotherium, but they are very different from those of Sallatherium given that they never present the isolation of a central fossette.	en	Billet, Guillaume, Patterson, Bryan, Muizon, Christian De (2009): Craniodental anatomy of late Oligocene archaeohyracids (Notoungulata, Mammalia) from Bolivia and Argentina and new phylogenetic hypotheses. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 155 (2): 458-509, DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2008.00445.x, URL: https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article-lookup/doi/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2008.00445.x
