identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03CA1820FFA15F611CE85FF1FE09D683.text	03CA1820FFA15F611CE85FF1FE09D683.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Achaetothorax mahunkaorum	<div><p>Achaetothorax mahunkaorum sp. n.</p> <p>(Figs 1–7)</p> <p>Holotypemale (HNHM): KENYA: ShimbaHillsNat. Park, 2003. 02. 20–25., leg. Ma- hunkaS.[ándor] – PappL.[ujza].</p> <p>Paratypes (HNHM): 2 males (oneofthemwithgen. prep.): samelabeldata.</p> <p>Size (inmm): bodylength 1.96 (holotype), 1.75–2.00 (paratypes); winglength 1.78 (holotype), 1.56–1.69 (paratypes); wingwidth 0.60 (holotype), 0.60–0.64 (paratypes).</p> <p>Description. Male. Headallshinyblack, mostpartswithfinehachure, exceptfrontal triangleandapostoculararea. Firstflagellomeredirtyyellow, pedicelandscapegreywith someyellowishhue. Aristabare, 0.53 mmlong. Innerverticalsetamediumlong, 0.13 mm. Genawithstronglongitudinalhachure, narrowest (beloweye) width 0.10 mm, longitudi- nalaxisofeye 0.35 mm. Genalsetashort, 0.04 mm. Clypeuslarge. Prothoraxsmall, hardly discernibleindorsalview, 1 pprnt, 2 reclinate np, 1–1 pre-andpost-sutural sa (ia, thelatter small), 1 pa (large, 0.24 mm long). No kepst. Apical sc 0.41–0.42 mm, basal sc 0.23 mm long. Legsmostlyblack, forecoxaandtrochanter, baseofforetibiaandforetarsomeres 2–5 yel- low. Malemidtrochanternormal (withoutconicalventroapicallobe), slightlyextended ventrally. Mid coxa and trochanter as well as basal 2/5 to half of mid femur yellow. Mid tarsusdirtyyellow. Hindcoxa, trochanter, basal 1/3 ofhindfemur, tarsomeres 3–5, yel- low. Hindfemurstronglythickenedwithusualantero-andpostero-ventralshortsetae andananteroventralrowofshortthickthorns (pegs). Hindbasitarsusnotmodified. Wing membranehyaline, veinsochrous [holotype’syellowduetofadingonalcohol). Halterwax yellow.</p> <p>Abdominal sternite 5 (Figs 1–2) much broader than long, with sparse long setae, includingapairofverylongsublateral- subapicalsetaeof 0.15 mm. Sternite 5 withamedio- Figs 1–7. Achaetothorax mahunkaorum sp. n., male sternite 5 and genitalia. 1 = sternite 5, ventral view, 2 = caudal half of sternite 5 in higher magnification, 3 = hypandrium, ventral view, 4 = surstylusandcaudalpartofhypandrium, lateralview, 5 = anus, subepandrial scleriteandcerci, caudalview, 6 = basiphalluswithbaseofphallapodeme, lateralview, 7 = postgonite, in broadest extension (sublateral view). Scale bar: 0.4 mm for Fig. 1, 0.2 mm for</p> <p>Figs 2–5, 0.1 mm for Figs 6–7</p> <p>caudalnarrowandsharpprocess, thoughlesssclerotised. Malegenitalia (Figs 3–7) characteristic with robust, apically rounded cercus (Fig. 5). Hypandrium (Fig. 3) large, with long medialapodemeandnarrowarms. Surstylus (Fig. 4) short, broadinlateralview, apex almostsharpincaudalview (Fig. 5), thornrathersmall. Basiphallus (Fig. 6) robustwith abooth-shapedventro-caudalprocess. Postgonite (Fig. 7; paramereofPAPP &amp; Norrbom 1992) broadwithwidelyroundedcaudaledgeandashortbroad (muchnarrowing), cau- dallynosharpventralprocess.</p> <p>Female. Abdominalsternite 2–5 evenlysclerotised. Longestsetaoftergite 5 atmargin, 0.20 mm. Cercus with two long down curved setae plus one medium size seta besides severalshorter, straight, hair-likesetae.</p> <p>Etymology. Inamedthisnewspeciesafterthecollectors: thelateMrsMahunka (née</p> <p>LujzaPapp) andthelateProf. Dr. SándorMahunka.</p> <p>Comments. This species runs into couplet 9 in Norrbom and PAPP’s (1994) key, where it would go into a third case, wing with microtrichose area entirely covering cells r 2+3 and d, and only part of basal cells is non-microtrichose. The malegenitaliaarepeculiar, withitssurstylusshortandbroadbearingasharp apex and very small thorn.</p> <p>Inthepapercomparingofthefliescapturedonelephantdungandcat- tle dung in the R.S.A. (PAPP 2008 b) one may notice that there I listed a species “Achaetothoraxbovinussp. n.”. Studyingthespecimensagain, Icametothe conclusionthatthosespecimensareconspecificwith A. grootaerti, withonly minordifferences.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03CA1820FFA15F611CE85FF1FE09D683	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Papp, László	Papp, László (2017): Twenty New Species Of Fifteen Genera Of The Afrotropical Sphaeroceridae (Diptera). Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 63 (4): 377-427, DOI: 10.17109/AZH.63.4.377.2017, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.17109/azh.63.4.377.2017
03CA1820FFA35F641CBC5FFAFDA2D042.text	03CA1820FFA35F641CBC5FFAFDA2D042.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Norrbomia paragravis	<div><p>Norrbomia paragravis sp. n.</p> <p>(Figs 8 –24)</p> <p>Holotype: male (BMSA), sweepingcattle/horsedung – RSA: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=29.392195&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-27.901958" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 29.392195/lat -27.901958)">FreeState</a>, Harrismith, Geluhsdalfarmat: 27° 54’ 7.05’’S, 29° 23’ 31.9’’E, 9–10.xi.2009, A. H. Kirk- Spriggs – [blue] EntomologyDept. NationalMuseum, P.O.Box 266, Bloemfontein 9300, SouthAfrica – BMSA (D) 13395.</p> <p>Paratypes: 8 males 10 females (BMSA): datasameasforholotype; 1 male (HNHM): EasternCapeProv., ShamwariGameReserve, onelephantdung, Jan 11, GPS10, S33° 24’ 47.0’’ E26° 05’ 45.0’’, 301 m, No. 14, leg. L. Papp &amp; M. Földvári.</p> <p>Size (inmm): bodylength 2.13 (holotype), 1.65–2.75 (paratypes); winglength 2.17 (holotype), 1.67–2.46 (paratypes); wingwidth 0.80 (holotype), 0.71–0.92 (paratypes).</p> <p>Description. Male. Frontaltrianglewithsomeshine (lessdusted), 4 pairsofcomparativelyshortinterfrontalsetae, shorterthan 0.10 mm. Postocellars ca. halfocellars length. Genawithsubtriangularbareareabeloweye, verynarrownearvibrissa. Arista rathershort: 0.35–0.45 mm (0.40 mmonholotype). Mesonotumthicklymicrotomentose. 1+3 dorsocentralpairs, acrostichalsetaesparseintworegularrows. Katepisternumwith alargeventralcaudalshinyspotreachingonlymidofkatepisternum. Wingmembrane lightbrownish, veinslightbrown. Legsdark, microtomentose, exceptforekneeandmid basaltarsomeres, darkyellowish. Midtibiawithsetaeasfollow: 2 strongventro-apical, 2 Figs 19–24. Norrbomia paragravis sp. n., female postabdomen and genitalia. 19 = preabdomi- nal sternites, ventral view, 20 = sternite 8, ventral view, 21 = tergite 8 and sternite 8, lateral view (arrow: positioning to body axis), 22 = epiproct and cerci, dorsal view, 23 = hypoproct, ventral view, 24 = spermathecae. Scale bar: 0.4 mm for Fig. 19, 0.2 mm for Figs 20–23, 0.1</p> <p>mm for Fig. 24 anteriorapical, amedium-longanterodorsalat 2/3, andapreapicalanterodorsalaswellas a posterodorsal at 5/6. Hind tibia with a large (0.21 mm) long curved ventral spur, with a long (0.20–0.22 mm) anterodorsalsetaat 7/9 anda 0.20–0.21 mmlongdorsalpreapicalseta.</p> <p>Preabdominaltergitesnotparticularlysmall, withthicklightmicrotomentum: sternite 4 c. 1/4 as broad as opposite tergite, sternite 3 c. 1/5 as broad as opposite tergite. Sternite 5 (Fig. 8) shield-shaped, aboutaslongasbroad (28: 30) withacaudalsublateralpairof processes 0.06 mm long, out of the plane of sternite though not perpendicular to it. Sides of sternite 6 and 7 ratherlarge. Postabdominalscleritesmoderatelyshiny. Hypandrium (Fig. 9) rather long, medial part (rod, continued to apex of caudal process) 0.37 mm, arms (from rodtolateralapex) 0.21 mm. Subepandrialsclerite (Fig. 14) withatrapezoidbaseandwith a pair of digitiform ventral processes. Cercus (Figs 10, 15–16) bilobed, medial lobe with abluntcranialandcaudalprocesseach, laterallobesubtriangular. Surstylus (Figs 11–12) actually short, very broad, with rounded apex, with rather few setae, but two apical teeth. Phallapodeme (Fig. 13) ratherhighforitsdiameter. Basiphallus (Fig. 13) withanextremely large (butnotthick) anteriorlycurvedcaudalprocess. Distiphallus (Fig. 18) withcomplex shape: adorsallycurvedblacksub-basalprocessandananteriorlycurvedbluntmedial process; apexnotsharp. Postgonitebroad (Fig. 17) medialpartbroadlylengthened, actually notventralprocess, sinceventraledgebroaderthansub-basalpartbutapexnotprotruding.</p> <p>Female. Sternite 4 (Fig. 19) withpeculiarshape, mostlymembranous, apairofelongatedlateralsclerites, threepairsofroundmesialscleritessclerotised. Sclerites 6 to 8 strongly shiny. Sternite 8 (Figs 20–21) divided in two parts, deeply protruding (in some specimensalmostperpendicularly); ventralpartwithanarrowapicallyroundedprocess. Hypoproct (Fig. 23) shield-shaped, with 2 pairsofverylongsetae. Epiproct (Fig. 22) small, withapairofbasal, anteriorlydirectedprocesses, bodyofepiprocttriangular, with 3 pairs ofpartiallyasymmetricalsetae. Cercus (Fig. 22) regular, withtwopairsoflongapicalsetae andseveralpairsofmediumtolongsetaesubapicallyandlaterally. Spermathecae (Fig. 24) notglobular, definitelyshorterthanbroadwithacylindricalmesalpartandalateralcavity; nohairsorscalesonspermathecae.</p> <p>Comments. N. paragravis sp. n. isaquitepeculiarspecies, althoughithas all diagnostic features of Norrbomia listed by PAPP (1988: 394). In PAPP’s (1988) key, itmeetsaconflictatcouplet 1, mesonotumthicklymicrotomentose. Our specieshas 4 (1+3) dorsocentralpairs. Thehighnumberofstrongdorsocentral setae is shared with N. gravis, but it differs from N. gravis (Adams) due to its mat (microtomentose) mesonotum. N. gravis hasmostly 5 pairsofdorsocentrals. Asforthemalegenitalia, thenewspeciesiseasilyseparatedfromthe remainingspeciesduetoitsbilobedcercus.</p> <p>Etymology. Thespecificepithetofthisnewspecies (‘paragravis’ = besidegravis) referstoitsrelationto N. gravis (Adams).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03CA1820FFA35F641CBC5FFAFDA2D042	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Papp, László	Papp, László (2017): Twenty New Species Of Fifteen Genera Of The Afrotropical Sphaeroceridae (Diptera). Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 63 (4): 377-427, DOI: 10.17109/AZH.63.4.377.2017, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.17109/azh.63.4.377.2017
03CA1820FFA65F6B1CC1599AFC35D7E7.text	03CA1820FFA65F6B1CC1599AFC35D7E7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Ceropterella mirifica	<div><p>Ceropterella mirifica sp. n.</p> <p>(Figs 25 –33)</p> <p>Holotype: male (BMSA), Namibia, TSUMKWEDIST., 3 kmNofKanoVlei, 19° 17’</p> <p>15’’ S 20° 21’ 03’’, 19.xii.1998, A.H. Kirk- Spriggs, Marais &amp; Mann, atlightdrywoodlands - [blue] NamibianNationalInsectCollection, StateMuseum, P.O.Box 1203, WINDHOEK, Namibia.</p> <p>Paratypes (BMSA): 2 females: samedataasforholotype; 1 male (HNHM, abdomen andgenitaliapreparedandkeptinaplasticmicrovialwithglycerol, rightwingprepared between 2 pieces of cover glass): ibid., RUNDU DIST., 20 km E Rundu, 17° 55’ 46’’S 19° 58’ 43’’, 17–18.x.1999, Kirk- SpriggsPapeHauwanga, Malaisetrapsample – 2).</p> <p>Size (inmm): bodylength 3.41 (holotype), 3.3–3.8 (paratypes), winglength 3.13 (holotype), 3.48–4.05 (paratypes), wingwidth 1.40 (holotype), 1.38–1.40 (paratypes).</p> <p>Description. Male. Body ratio: head 0.9 mm; thorax 1.3 mm; abdomen 1.6 mm (body lenghtparatypemale 3.8 mm). Abroadepistomapresent. Scutumflat, scutellumconcave mesally. Anepimeronlargebulging (stronglyconvex), blackandshiny. Wingmembrane verylightgreyishyellow, veinsyellowish. Secondcostalsection 1.42–1.45 mm, thirdsection 0.70–0.705 mm, costal index 2.00. Vein R 4+5 strongly upcurved, reaching C far (0.25–0.28 mm) from wing apex. Costal vein fringe about 0.3 mm. Two strong setae (0.30, 0.25 mm) on proximalCtocostalbreak. Costagialsetaeof 0.30 mm, 0.20 mm. Inter-crossveinsectionof M 1+2, 0.37 mm, M-M crossvein oblique 0.26–0.27 mm, discal cell edged, definitely larger than 90°. Vein M 1+2 reaching wing margin, vein appendage of M 3+4 visible 0.36–0.37 mm, vein al- mostreachingwingmargin. Analveindistinctonasectionofca. 0.3 mm. Alulabroad, 0.20 mm, broadlyroundedapically, cilia 0.15 mmlong, alsopresentonventralmarginofwing.</p> <p>Abdominalmembranewithdensethicksetaeemergingfromdarkglobularsockets. Tergites 1+2, 3 and 4 reduced; sternites 3 and 4 short, half width of sternite 5. Width of syntergite 1+2, 0.9 mm, length, 0.60 mm. Tergite 5 with 4 pairs of long black marginal setae (0.35 mm), otherwise tergite 5 with sparse thin seta only, central part bare. Sternite 5 (Fig. 26) concave (lessbroadtherewhenpresseddown), mesiallybare, medio-caudallywith anangulatedprocess. Medio-caudaledgewithdenseshortsharpsetae (Fig. 26 outset). Sternite 8 portion dorsally 0.50 mm. Epandrium not large, cercus large, not fused along the sagittal line (Fig. 29). Subepandrial sclerite (Fig. 28) broad rounded, left and right parts Figs 26–33. Ceropterellamirifica sp. n., maleparatype, postabdomenandgenitalia. 26 = sternite 5, ventral view (outset: medial part in higher magnification), 27 = cercal part, ventral view, 28 = subepandrialsclerite, anteriorview, 29 = cercusandsurstylus, caudalview, 30 = postgonite, broadest (sublateral) view, 31 = phallusandphallapodeme, lateralview, 32 = surstylus, longest (subcaudal) view, 33 = surstylus, broadest (sublateral) view. Scalebar:</p> <p>0.4 mm for Fig. 26, 0.2 mm for the rest broadlyseparated. Surstylus (Figs 32–33) dividedintwoparts (notpossibletorepresent inasingleview). Anteriorpartbroadlyroundedapically (Fig. 33), posteriorlobeslightly longer, withanapexanteriorly. Postgonite (Fig. 30) rathershort, withabroadbase, narrowing towards apex. Phallapodeme large (Fig. 31, cf. Fig. 35). Phallus not divided into disti-andbasiphallus, thelineoffusionnotdetectable (Fig. 31).</p> <p>Female. Abdominaltergites 3 and 4 membranouswithstrongsetaeemergingfrom darksockets. Tergite 5 0.55 mmlong, 0.6 mmbroad, shield-shapedwith 2 pairsof 0.35 mm longlateralandsublateralmarginalsetae. Postabdomenshort, partlytelescopic. Hypoproctandepiproctshort, cercuswithonlymedium (max. 0.20 mm), palesetae.</p> <p>Etymology. Inamedthisnewspeciesas‘ mirifica’ (wonderful, inLatin) foritsvivid coloursandconspicuoussetosity.</p> <p>Comments. Foracomparison, themalegenitaliaof C. nitidosa (Richards) – the type species of the genus – were also studied. The phallapodeme in C. mirifica slightlylargerthanin C. nitidosa. Thedistiphallusisslightlyshorter and much higher in lateral view (Fig. 35), narrowing basally (Fig. 34). The phallusisnotdividedtodistiphallusandbasiphallus; andthisfeaturemaybe astrongapomorphyseparatingitfromother Ceroptera species.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03CA1820FFA65F6B1CC1599AFC35D7E7	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Papp, László	Papp, László (2017): Twenty New Species Of Fifteen Genera Of The Afrotropical Sphaeroceridae (Diptera). Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 63 (4): 377-427, DOI: 10.17109/AZH.63.4.377.2017, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.17109/azh.63.4.377.2017
03CA1820FFA95F691CB75F1DFD1CD642.text	03CA1820FFA95F691CB75F1DFD1CD642.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Elachisoma simillimum	<div><p>Elachisoma simillimum sp. n.</p> <p>(Figs 36–42)</p> <p>Holotype: male (HNHM), RSA: EasternCapeProv., SandvlakteFarmnr. Paterson, cattle pasture, cow pats – Jan 12, 2007, No. 18, GPS 11, S33°26’14.2” E25°56’54.8”, L. Papp &amp; M. Földvári.</p> <p>Paratypes (HNHM): 39 males 12 females: samedataasforholotype. 2 males: ibid., farmlands nr Happy Lands, Jan 11, S33° 28’ 38.1’’ E25° 35’ 49.7’’, 51 m (No. 15, on cattle dung); 1 male 2 females: ibid., Hogsback, S32° 36’ 23.5’’ E26° 57’ 55.3’’, 1101 m, Jan 9, No. 11 (cattledung); 16 males 17 females: ibid., ShamwariGameRes[erve], onelephantdung, Jan 11, 2007, No. 14 – GPS10, S33° 24’ 47.0’’ E26° 05’ 45.0’’, 301 m.</p> <p>Sizeinmm: bodylength 0.71 (holotype), 0.70–0.75 (paratypes); winglength 0.675 (holotype), 0.67–0.73 (paratypes); wingwidth 0.30 (holotype), 0.30–0.31 (paratypes).</p> <p>Description. Male. Headasbroadasthorax (0.30 mm), sub-pentagonalindorsal view. Facialplateshort, antennalfoveaedeep, 6–7 pairsofshortinterfrontals, acomplete rowofinclinateinnerorbitals. Longitudinalaxisofeye 0.105 mm. Firstflagellomeresubconical. Arista 0.24–0.25 mmwithlongcilia. Legsshort, thick. Midtibiawithamidventral setaandaventro-apicalseta, aswellasadistinctantero-apical. Midbasitarsusaslong as 2nd tarsomere (0.06 mm). Mid tibia with anterodorsals at 11/34, 23/34 and 14/17. No posterodorsalsetaonmidtibia. Hindtibiawithsomedorsalsetae. Wingmembranelight greyish, costalandradialveinslightbrown, otherveinsasgreyishasmembrane. Costanot reachingwingapex. Cs1 with 0.033 longsetae. Cs2, 0.125 mm, Cs3, 0.23 mm, costalindex 0.54. VeinRob 2+3 lique, apicalhalfmostlyparalleltocostalvein. R4+5 arched, apexreaching C in acute, i.e. not at 90°. Radial index (see PAPP 1983), 1.862. Cross- vein M-M, 0.063, RM to MM, 0.025 mm. Analveinkicked. Fringeonmarginofwing 0.03 mm. Alulacomparatively large, 0.09 mmbroad, apexbroadlyrounded.</p> <p>Genitalia (Figs 36–42) structurally as in E. aterrimum. Sternite 5 (Fig. 36) with broad U-shaped, withapairoflongdigitiformlateralprocesses. Thatprocessbearsmediallydirected setae not to long on its medial edge. Sternite 5 meso-caudally with a pair of membra- nousprocesses, whichserveasbaseforthreerowsofsmallblunt, comparativelylongpegs. Figs 34–42. 34–35 = Ceropterellanitidosa (Richards), malegenitalia: 34 = phallusinventral view, 35 = phallusandphallapodeme, lateralview (outset: apexofdistiphallusofanother specimen). 36–42 = Elachisomasimillimum sp. n., malepostabdomenandgenitalia: 36 = sternite 5, ventral view, 37 = epandrium with cerci and subepandrial sclerite, caudal view, 38 = hypandrium, ventralview, 39 = basiphallusandphallapodeme, lateralview, 40 = distiphal- lus, ventralview, 41 = postgonite, lateralview, 42 = surstylus, broadest (sublateral) view.</p> <p>Scale bar: 0.2 mm for Figs 34–35, 0.1 mm for Figs 36–42</p> <p>Synsternite not large, left part of sternite 8 convex, right portion to sagittal line very short. Cercal part of epandrium reduced, i.e. ventral edge of cerci almost straight. Subepandrial sclerite small, not projecting dorsally above cercal part (Fig. 37). Hypandrium (Fig. 38) fusedtoepandrium, hypandriumarmsfusedwithmedialappendage; medialappendage (rod) long, reaching tip of phallapodeme in lateral view. Surstylus (Fig. 42) with two 2 lobes, onoppositesidewithalargeblacktooth. Phallapodemeslightlycurvedventrally. Basiphallus (Fig. 39) compact. Distiphallus (Fig. 40) rathershort, apicallywithashortthin processsagittally, withapairofbroadrecurvedprocesseslaterally. Postgonitewithrather thinapicalpart, whichisdefinitelyproclinate.</p> <p>Etymology. Thespecificepithet (Latin: ‘simillimum’ = mostsimilar) referstothebody featuresofthenewspeciesverysimilartothoseofthewide-spreadspecies E. aterrimum.</p> <p>Comments. E. simillimum sp. n. is similar to the wide-spread E. aterrimum (Haliday). Theradialindexofwingvenationissmallerthaninthe E. aterrimum-E. bajzae complex, andmuchlowerthanthatof E. braacki. Reliable differences are in the fine structure of male sternite 5 and those of the male genitalia. Thebroadprocessesbearingrowsofpegsinthisnewspeciesare morewidelyseparated (Fig. 36, cf. PAPP 1983: fig. 12). Thesurstyliarealso differentinbothspecies: thelengthoflobesismarkedlydifferentfromeach other in E. aterrimum, while they are almost equal length in E. simillimum. The anal vein is as kicked as in E. aterrimum.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03CA1820FFA95F691CB75F1DFD1CD642	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Papp, László	Papp, László (2017): Twenty New Species Of Fifteen Genera Of The Afrotropical Sphaeroceridae (Diptera). Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 63 (4): 377-427, DOI: 10.17109/AZH.63.4.377.2017, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.17109/azh.63.4.377.2017
03CA1820FFAB5F6F1C9B5FB9FD70D79F.text	03CA1820FFAB5F6F1C9B5FB9FD70D79F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Gonitella inornata	<div><p>Gonitella inornata sp. n.</p> <p>(Figs 43–49)</p> <p>Holotype: male (BMSA, genitaliaprepared), <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=23.908066&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-33.964382" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 23.908066/lat -33.964382)">Malaisetraps</a>, indigenousforest – RSA: Eastern Cape, Plaatbos forest at: 33°57.863’S 23°54.484’E, 31.iii.-1.iv. 2009, 300 m, A. H. Kirk- Spriggs &amp; S. Otto – [blue] EntomologyDept. NationalMuseum, P.O.Box 266, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa – BMSA (D) 06933.</p> <p>Size (in mm): body length 1.78, wing length 1.75, wing width 0.75.</p> <p>Description. Male. Black, subshiny, bodystronglysclerotised. Legsblackexceptfor yellowishtarsi, threeweakpairsof ifr setae. Outerandinneroccipitalsandpostocellarpair ofsetaearereduced. Anteriorfronto-orbitals, 0.05 mm, i.e. comparativelylong, pro-and latero-clinate. Genacomparativelybroad, 0.08 mm. Vibrissa 0.24 mm. Firstflagellomere with cilia up to 0.05 mm long. Arista 0.98 mm, with 0.035–0.04 mm long cilia. Pedicel setae long, itsventralsetastronglycurved, 0.15 mmfrombasetotip. Presuturalandanterior intra- alarsetae, welldiscernible. Anteriorkatepisternalsetanotdiscernible, posteriorpair normal. Wing membrane light brown, veins ochre. Second costal section 0.69 mm, third section 0.50 mm, ratio 1.375. Discal cell edgy, without vein appendages. Vein M 1+2 continuingbeyonddiscalcellhalfwaytomarginasacolourlessfold. Alulasmall. Ventro-apical seta on mid tibia short, no mid ventral seta, but mid tibia with a complete row of short thickblacksetaeventrally, i.e. nolongsetaeorhairs. Armatureofmidtibia: antero-dorsals at 15/43 (strong), 37/43, postero-dorsals at 19/43 (weak), 35/43. Subdorsal setae at 10/43 and 35/43. There is a long dorsal preapical seta on hind tibia. Hind tibia with long dorsal preapicalsetaof 0.15 mm.</p> <p>Sternites 2 to 4 large. Tergite 5 normally developed. Sternite 5 with long caudal marginalsetae (Fig. 43), withalargemedio-caudalconcavity, embracinganintricatelysclerotised, divided sclerite (Fig. 44). Sternite 6 + 7 portions of synsternite complex, extending to the right side, reaching edge of sternite 8. Sclerotised parts of penis capsule below sternite 5. Epandrium with a pair of very long subdorsal lateral setae and a pair of long subventralsetae. Ventralstructuresofepandriumsymmetric, aflattrapezoidmedialpartand aventrallyelongatedlateralpart, withfourseparatesetae (Fig. 45). Hypandriumsmall, withoutrod (medialappendage). Subepandrialsclerite (Fig. 45) aboutasbroadashigh, dorsally (sagittally) withadeepincision. Surstylus (Figs 48–49) withatransversebodyand threelobes: abroadroundedlateralcaudallobe, andanarrowercurved, caudallydivided, mediallobewithseveralapicalsetae, andananteriorlobewithaproclinatelarge, black bluntventralthorn. Basiphallusrobust, curvedinlateralview (Fig. 46), distiphallussmall, compact. Postgonitelarge (Fig. 47), longbutwithoutanteriormedialprocess, insteadwith abluntcaudalprocess; ventralprocesssmall.</p> <p>Figs 43–49. Gonitellainornata sp. n., holotypemale, postabdomenandgenitalia. 43 = sternite 5 and ventral parts of sternite 6 portion, ventral view, 44 = same, in higher magnification, 45 = ventralpartofepandrium, cerciandsubepandrialsclerite, caudalview, 46 = phallus andphallapodemewithcontoursofpostgonite, lateralview, 47 = postgonite, broadest (a sublateralview), 48 = surstylus, ventralview, 49 = surstylus, lateralview. Scalebar: 0.2 mm</p> <p>for Figs 43, 45–46, 0.1 mm for Figs 44, 47–49</p> <p>Etymology. Thespecificepithet (Latin: ‘inornatus’ = unadorned, simple) referstoits comparativelysimplebodyandmalegenitalfeatures.</p> <p>Comments. G. inornata sp. n. is related to the type species of the genus, G. flavipes L. Papp, 2008. Diagnostingfeaturesaretobefoundinthemalegenita- lia (Figs 43–49, cf. PAPP’s figs 239–240, 242–247). The anterior fronto-orbitals, asinitscongeners, arepro-andlateroclinate. Thepresuturalandanterior intra- alarsetaearewelldiscernible, althoughshorterthanin G. structuralis. The alula is small, as in the other species of Gonitella. There is a long dorsal preapicalsetaonhindtibia, agenericfeatureof Gonitella. Thelargesizeoftergites 2 to 4 is as in G. flavipes. Differently from G. flavipes, the sternite 5 mediocaudalconcavityembracesasclerotiseddividedsclerite. Therobust, curved inlateralviewbasiphallusislikein G. flavipes.Thedistiphallusin G. inornata is small and compact, not bifid, as in G. flavipes.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03CA1820FFAB5F6F1C9B5FB9FD70D79F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Papp, László	Papp, László (2017): Twenty New Species Of Fifteen Genera Of The Afrotropical Sphaeroceridae (Diptera). Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 63 (4): 377-427, DOI: 10.17109/AZH.63.4.377.2017, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.17109/azh.63.4.377.2017
03CA1820FFAD5F6D1CA75E95FCB7D34D.text	03CA1820FFAD5F6D1CA75E95FCB7D34D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Gonitella structuralis	<div><p>Gonitella structuralis sp. n.</p> <p>(Figs 50–59)</p> <p>Holotype: male (IRSNB), Malaisetraps, lowlandevergreenswampforest – D. R. CONGO: Oriental Prov., <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=24.24186&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=0.69642" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 24.24186/lat 0.69642)">Eyolo forest</a>, ca. 2 km E. Lieki, 0.69642, 24.24186, 25–29. v. 2010, A.H. Kirk- Spriggs – [yellow] BoyekoliEbaleCongoExpedition 2010 – BECE02373.</p> <p>Paratypes: 1 male (BMSA, genitaliaprepared): ibid., secondaryforest – Bomanevil- lage area at: 01° 16.283’N 23° 43.994’E 20–24. v. – BECE1442; 1 male (HNHM, genitalia prepared): labelssamedataasholotype, BECE02375.</p> <p>Size: bodylength 2.13 (holotype), 2.10, 2.22 (paratypes); winglength 1.71 (holotype), 1.65, 1.76 (paratypes); wingwidth 0.71 (holotype), 0.70, 0.72 (paratypes).</p> <p>Description. Male. Head. Threeweakpairsof ifr setae. Nopostocellarseta, outerand inneroccipitalsminuteandveryseparatefromeachother. Anteriorfronto-orbitalslightly proclinate. Firstflagellomeretwiceashighaslong. Aristaverylong (1.00 mm), cilia 0.03– 0.04 mmlong; ciliaofsimilarlengthonslightlyconicalfirstflagellomere. Genanarrow, 0.06 mm below eye. Vibrissa 0.23 mm long. Scutum with a presutural and a medium-long prealarinclinateseta. Acrostichalsin 6–8 unarrangedrows. Anteriorkatepisternalsetainconspicuous, posteriorpair 0.20–0.21 mmlong. Wingmembranelightbrown, aswellas veins. Second costal section, 0.54 mm, third section, 0.46 mm, costal ratio 1.16. RM-MM sectionandM-Mcrossveinequal, 0.125 mm. Discalcelledged, noveinappendages. M 1+2 continuingbeyonddiscalcellhalfwaytowingmarginasacolourlessfold. Alulasmall, verynarrow (0.06 mm), withlongciliaapicallyandmedially. Legsyellow, dorsalside oftibiaeandfemoradarkerdirtyyellow. Dorsalpreapicalonforetibianotlongerthan tibialdiameteratthatpoint. Arowofstrongblacksetaepostero-ventrallyonmidfemur. Midtibialarmature: anterodorsalsat 15/45 (weak), 37/45 (strong), posterodorsalsat 16/45 (weak), 36/45 (strong), aweakersub-dorsalat 33/45, othersetaeonmidtibiacomparatively strong. Nomidventralseta, ventro-apicalshort (0.05 mm), some 2–3 longerventralsetae subapically. Hindtibiawithverystrongandlongdorsalpreapicalsetaof 0.14–0.15 mm withsomelongdorsalhairs, upto 0.10 mm. Hindbasitarsusswollen, 2ndtarsomerevery large, lengthoftarsomeres 1+2 0.26 mm, tarsomeres 3–5, 0.21 mm.</p> <p>Sternite 5 (Fig. 50) with a definite, broad, with a slightly emarginated medio-cau- dalextension (contrarilyto G. inornata). Synsternite (Figs 51–53) ofanextremelyintricate shape: sternite 8 portionnormal, sternite 7 portionnarrowwithabluntcurvedventral part, which reaches sagittal plane of the body. Sternite 6 portion with huge anterior lobes, hidden under pregenital sternites (Fig. 52), ventral part with ca. 10 very long setae (Figs 51–53). Medio-caudalpartwithasagittalprocess, directedanteriorlyandtowardsbody cavity. Epandrium with 2 pairs of thick blunt setae 0.15–0.17 mm long plus one even longer seta on the right side. Surstylus is highly structured (Figs 56–59): 3-lobed, anterior one with ananteriorpeculiarblackthorn, atapexofaventrallycurvedprocess; laterallobesimilar to a raptor-bird leg with 4 “talons” (Fig. 58); medial lobe (Fig. 56) broadened caudally, with numerousthinhairs. Bodyofsurstylusroundedcaudally (Fig. 59). Phallapodeme (Fig. 54) withaveryhighdorsalsagittallamella. Basiphallus (Fig. 54) largeandcurved, distiphallus very long. No ventral process on border of distiphallus. Postgonite (Figs 54–55) very large, caudallycurved, withashovel- shapedapexandalargecaudalprocessinitsapical 2/5.</p> <p>Etymology. Thespecificepithet (Latin: ‘structuralis’ = structured) referstoitsintri-</p> <p>cately‘built’malegenitalia.</p> <p>Comments. There are females of two other species in the collection of the National Museum of Bloemfontein and BECE from D. R. Congo &amp; Burundi. I amafraid, however, onecannotsuccessfullyidentifytheminpossessionof largermaterialfromCentralAfrica. Thelargeandcurvedbasiphallusisas in G. inornata, whilethedistiphallusismuchlongerthanin G. inornata, more similartothatof G. flavipes (L. PAPP, 2008 a: fig. 243). Thedisti-andbasiphallus has no ventral process on the border is as in G. flavipes. In G. structuralis, the sternite 5 hasaslightlyemarginatedmedio-caudalextension, contrarilyto G. inornata.</p> <p>Itisobviousthat Gonitella and Setositibiella arerelatedgenera. Shared charactersofthegenera Gonitella and Setositibiella include:</p> <p>− bodystronglysclerotised,</p> <p>− postocellarsetareduced (hardlyornotatalldiscernible),</p> <p>− headsetae occe and occi small,</p> <p>− anterior fr-orb setaweakandpartlyproclinate,</p> <p>− gena very narrow,</p> <p>− firstflagellomereca. 2 timeshigherthanlong,</p> <p>− aristaextremelylongwithlongcilia,</p> <p>− anteriorkatepisternalsetaminuteorlacking,</p> <p>− two pair of long dc, no prsc,</p> <p>− no mid ventral seta on mid tibia.</p> <p>Gonitella species differ, however, from Setositibiella, in having 2 additionalsetaeintheintra- alarrow: apresuturaloneandaprealarone (thislater definitely incurved). DifferencesincludedinPAPP’skey (2008 a: 188) stand, exceptforsecondcostalsectionlongerormuchlongerthanthird). Themain distinctivefeaturesareinthemalegenitalia.</p> <p>Figs 50–59. Gonitellastructuralis sp. n., malepostabdomenandgenitalia. 50 = sternite 5, ventral view, 51 = synsternite, caudal view, 52 = ventral parts of synsternite, ventral view, 53 = ventralpartsofsynsternite, caudalview, 54 = phallusandphallapodemewithcontoursofpostgonite, lateralview, 55 = postgonite, inbroadest (sublateral) view, 56 = surstylus, lateralview, 57 = anteriorlobeofsurstylus, anteriorview, 58 = mediallobeofsurstylus, broadest (sublateral) view, 59 = posteriorpartofsurstyluswithcaudalpartofepandrium andleftcercus, broadest (sublateral) view. Scalebar: 0.4 mmforFig. 50, 0.2 mmforFigs</p> <p>51–54, 56–59, 0.1 mm for Fig. 55</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03CA1820FFAD5F6D1CA75E95FCB7D34D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Papp, László	Papp, László (2017): Twenty New Species Of Fifteen Genera Of The Afrotropical Sphaeroceridae (Diptera). Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 63 (4): 377-427, DOI: 10.17109/AZH.63.4.377.2017, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.17109/azh.63.4.377.2017
03CA1820FFB05F731CE25CEFFBE0D422.text	03CA1820FFB05F731CE25CEFFBE0D422.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Minilimosina (Minilimosina) selecta	<div><p>Minilimosina (M.) selecta sp. n.</p> <p>(Figs 60–65)</p> <p>Holotype: male (HNHM), RSA: EasternCapeProv., <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=23.633167&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-33.952667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 23.633167/lat -33.952667)">BloukransPass</a>, inasideval- ley, Jan 14–16, 2007, No. 23 - GPS16, S33° 57’ 09.6’’ E23° 37’ 59.4’’, 70 m, leg. L. Papp &amp; M. Földvári.</p> <p>Paratypes (HNHM, 1 malewithgenitaliaprepared): 3 males, samedataasholotype; 1 female: ibid., in a forest nr R102, Jan 15–16, 2007, No. 25 - GPS19, S33° 56’ 57.3’’ E23° 36’ 20.8’’, 224 m.</p> <p>Size (inmm): bodylength 1.87 (holotype), 1.65–2.08 (paratypes); winglength 1.78 (holotype), 1.60–1.87 (paratypes), wingwidth 0.77 (holotype), 0.63–0.80 (paratypes). Description. Male. Entirefacialplateandfrontaltrianglebrightblack. Scutumandscutel- lumshiny, black, pleuranotshiny. Twopairsoflatero-clinatefronto-orbitals, anteriorone slightlylongerthanhalflengthofposteriorpair. Parafacialianarrow, withsomeminute hairs. Lunulelarge, triangular. Fourpairsofmoderatelylonginterfrontalpairs. Antenna withminutemedialscapeseta (0.035 mm). Firstflagellomerewithlong (0.035 mm) cilia. Arista 0.65–0.70 mmlongwithlong (0.025–0.03 mm) cilia. Asinglepairoflongerdorsocentralsetaepresent, secondpairslightlyanteriorly, 0.08 mmonly; onepostpronotal, two notopleural, onelongpostalaratsupra- alarrow, oneshortpresuturalneartonotopleural seta, onelongposteriorpaandsomeshortintra- alarsdiscernible. Onetinykatepisternal setapresent. Acrostichalsrelativelyscarceandlong, in 6–8 rowsbetweendorsocentrals. Prescutellarsetamoderatelylong. Wingmembranegreyish, veinslightbrown. Costalvein extending beyond tip of R 4 +5 by 0.15–0.18 mm; Cs2 section, 0.375 mm, Cs3, 0.49 mm, costal index, 0.77. R2+3 largelyparalleltocosta, apexbentuptowardsC. Discalcelledgy, M1+2 and M 3+4 continuing beyond M-M for 0.07–0.09 mm. RM-MM section, 0.15 mm, MM cross- vein 0.14 mm. Alula not very narrow (0.085–0.09 mm), apex rounded. No mid ventral seta on midtibia, ventro-apicalsetamoderatelylong, norowofthickblacksetaeventrallyonmid tibia. Antero-dorsals on mid tibia at 10/32, 22/32 (weak), 26/32 (large and slightly more dorsal), postero-dorsalssetaat 25/32.</p> <p>Epandrium medium large. Sternite 5 (Fig. 60) twice wider than long, medio-caudally withalongrow (comb) offlatblackspines (pegs). Cercalarea (Fig. 61) short, sagittalfusion veryshort. Subepandrialsclerite (Figs 61–62) muchhigherthancercalportion. Surstylus (Fig. 65) broad-based, sub-triangular, withnumerouslongsetaeonitscaudalpart, but withoutalargeblackpeg; apicalpartstronglynarrowed, bareofsetae. Postgonite (Fig. 64) long, slender, withaproclinateapex. Phallapodemelongandslender (Fig. 63), almost straight. Basiphallusratherlargeandcompact. Distiphallusshortandhigh (Fig. 63) apically, withwellsclerotisedsharpprocesses.</p> <p>Etymology. Thespecificepithet (Latin, ‘selecta’ = chosen) referstothefactthatIhave seenseveralundescribedspeciesof Minilimosina inmaterialsfromtheAfrotropicalregion and I have selected and described one of them in order to demonstrate the occurrence of the genus in the Afrotropical region.</p> <p>Comments. M. (Minilimosina) selecta sp. n. isaneasilyrecognisablespeciesbyitsmalegenitalia. Itssurstylusiswithoutalargeblackpegandits distiphallushassharpprocessesapically. Ifoundnospecieswiththiskind ofcharactercombinationamongthePalaearcticspecies. Inaddition, thereis acombofflatblackspinesmedio-caudallyonmalesternite 5. Thecercalarea with a very short sagittal fusion is as in some other species of Minilimosina (seee.g., RohÁčeK 1983, fig. 253). Theratherlargecompactbasiphallusisalso as in numerous species of M. (Minilimosina) (see RohÁčeK 1983, figs 243, 275).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03CA1820FFB05F731CE25CEFFBE0D422	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Papp, László	Papp, László (2017): Twenty New Species Of Fifteen Genera Of The Afrotropical Sphaeroceridae (Diptera). Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 63 (4): 377-427, DOI: 10.17109/AZH.63.4.377.2017, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.17109/azh.63.4.377.2017
03CA1820FFB15F711C085D59FBDDD0EC.text	03CA1820FFB15F711C085D59FBDDD0EC.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Minilimosina (Svarciella) rohaceki	<div><p>Minilimosina (Svarciella) rohaceki sp. n.</p> <p>(Figs 66–72)</p> <p>Holotype (HNHM): male, RSA: EasternCapeProv., BloukransPass, inasidevalley,</p> <p>Jan 14–16, 2007, No. 23 – GPS16, S33° 57’ 09.6’’ E23° 37’ 59.4’’, 70 m, L. Papp &amp; M. Földvári. Paratypes (HNHM): 1 maleand 5 females: samedataasholotype; 1 female: ibid.,</p> <p>Hogsback, in a park, No. 8, Jan 8–9, 2007 – GPS05, S32° 35’ 18.0’’ E26° 56’ 56.0’’, 1298 m.</p> <p>Figs 60–65. Minilimosina (M.) selecta sp. n., male postabdomen and genitalia. 60 = sternite 5, ventralview, 61 = cerciandepandrialsclerite, ventralview, 62 = subepandrialsclerite, anterior (!) view, 63 = phallus and phallapodeme, lateral view, 64 = postgonite, lateral view, 65 =</p> <p>surstylus, broadest (sublateral) view. Scalebar: 0.2 mmforFig. 60, 0.1 mmforFigs 61–65</p> <p>Size (inmm): bodylength 1.90 (holotype), 1.88–2.10 (paratypes); winglength 1.80 (holotype), 1.75–2.04 (paratypes); wingwidth 0.71 (holotype), 0.70–0.78 (paratypes).</p> <p>Description. Abeautifulspecieswithshinyblackbodyandbrightyellowlegs. Head 0.33 (0.31–0.34) mmlong, facialplatedefinitelyconvexinlateralview. Parafacialiavery narrow and with extremely thin white hairs. Posterior fronto-orbital very strong (0.175– 0.19 mm), anterior pair thin and only 0.08 mm. Frontal vitta shiny black. Interfrontal seta minute, only 2 (3) pairsmostanteriorly. Ocellar, outerandinnerverticalpairsstrong, occipitalsandpostocellarsnotdeveloped. Vibrissa 0.20–0.22 mmlong, peristomals 0.08 mm orshorter. Genalsetafine, 0.10 mm, severalshortgenalsetaealsodiscernible. Scapeminute, pedicellarge, longerthan 1stflagellomere, withawreathoflongapicalsetae, long- est one is the ventral one (0.11 mm, dorsal one 0.10 mm). First flagellomere more conical withadistinct (thoughnotsharp) dorsalapex. Aristaverylong, 0.74–0.79 mm, itscilia only 0.02 mmlong, orsomewhatless. Anepisternumandkatepisternumarewithoutany shiningblackspots. Twopairsofverylongdorsocentrals, postpronotalshortandthin, 2 notopleurals (posteriorpaironacallus), 1 longsupra- alar, post-alarandprescutellarpairs hardlyornotdifferentiablefromthoracicsmallsetation. Apicalscutellarseta 0.41 mm (holotype) to 0.56 mm (femaleparatype), basalscutellarseta 0.25 mm (holotype) to 0.23 mm (paratypefemale), bothscutellarsetaeemergingfromasmalltubercle. Acrostichals thin, notarrangedregularly, ca. 6–8 rowsanteriorly. Posterior kepst 0.20 mm, anteriorpair minute. Wing membrane light brown, veins (including C) ochre. Second / third costal sections: 0.70/0.54, ratio 1.3. Firstandsecondcostalsectionswithlongermarginalsetae (0.05 mm vs. 0.04 mm). R 4+5 terminates almost at wing tip. Inter-crossvein section of M 1+2, 0.20, M-M cross- vein 0.10 mm. Discal cell edgy, M 3+4 distinct on a distal section of 0.14–0.15 mm. Alulasmall, verynarrow, narrowlyroundedapicallywith 0.08–0.09 mmlongapicalhair. Halterwax-yellow. Legsentirelyyellow, exceptforforetibiaanddorsalapicalpartsof femora, withsomeobscurebrownishhue. Midtibiawithamoderatelylongantero-dorsal at 18/41 and at 33/41 each, a longer subdorsal at 14/41, a large subdorsal at 35/41, a pos- terodorsal seta at 33/41. Ventro-apical seta of mid tibia short and thick. Hind tibia with a 0.10–0.11 mmlongdorsalpreapicalseta.</p> <p>Abdomen long, almost as long as head and thorax combined. Male sternite 5 (Fig. 66) medio-caudally with a long sagittal process, without short setae. The body of sternite 5 is withoutacombofflatblackspinebutwithsomelongsetae. Subepandrialsclerite (Fig. 67) ratherlargeanddark. Surstylus (Figs 68–70) broadlybilobed, notpossibletorepresentin asingleview: posteriorlobeatitsbroadestisclosetoasubcaudalview. Postgonite (Fig. 72) wellcaudaltobasiphallus, ratherbroad, withoutlongsetae, slightlybroadenedonits apicalthird, apexrounded, apicalpartwithnumeroussetulae. Phallapodeme (Fig. 71) broadeneddorsally. Basi-anddistiphallusfused (Fig. 71), widelysigmoidinlateralview, apexmembranous.</p> <p>Etymology. InamethisnewspeciestohonourDrJindřichRoháček (Slezskézemské muzeumOpava, CzechRepublic) forhisunsurpassableachievementsinthetaxonomyof Sphaeroceridaeandinseveralotherdipterousfamilies, andparticularlysoforthespecies of Minilimosina.</p> <p>Comments. RohÁčeKandMArShALL’s (1988) revisionincluded 27 species of the subgenus Minilimosina (Svarciella), including 14 new ones from the Palaearctic, Oriental, NeotropicalandNearcticregions, includingPhilippines, PapuaNewGuineaandtheBismarckIslands, butnonefromtheAfrotropical region. ThisnewspeciesfromSouthAfricaischaracterisedbyitsbare, long sagittalprocessonitsmalesternite 5 (Fig. 66), itsS-shapedphallus, onthe fusedbasi-anddistiphallus (Fig. 71), andlarge, widelybilobedsurstylus (Figs 68–70). Thenewspeciesisuniquealsobyitsanepisternumandkatepisternumhavingnoshiningblackspots. Asin M. (S.) vitripennis, themalesternite 5 medio-caudallyhasalongsagittalprocess.</p> <p>Figs 66–72. Minilimosina (Svarciella) rohaceki sp. n., malepostabdomenandgenitalia. 66 = sternite 5, ventralview, 67 = subepandrialsclerite, anteriorview, 68 = surstylus, broadest view, 69 = posteriorlobeofsurstylusatbroadest, 70 = anteriorlobeofsursylus, subcaudal view, 71 = phallusandphallapodemewithbaseofpostgonite, lateralview, 72 = postgonite,</p> <p>in broadest (sublateral) view. Scale bar: 0.2 mm for Figs 66, 71, 0.1 mm for Figs 67–70, 72</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03CA1820FFB15F711C085D59FBDDD0EC	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Papp, László	Papp, László (2017): Twenty New Species Of Fifteen Genera Of The Afrotropical Sphaeroceridae (Diptera). Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 63 (4): 377-427, DOI: 10.17109/AZH.63.4.377.2017, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.17109/azh.63.4.377.2017
03CA1820FFB45F761CB35CEEFC4ED315.text	03CA1820FFB45F761CB35CEEFC4ED315.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Nudopella erratica	<div><p>Nudopella erratica sp. n.</p> <p>(Figs 73–79)</p> <p>Nudopellaoperta: PAPP 2008 b, misidentification, not N. operta RoháčeketMarshall, 1986</p> <p>Holotype (HNHM): male, EasternCapeProv., ShamwariGameRes[erve], onelephant dung, Jan 11, 2007, No. 14 – GPS10, S33° 24’ 47.0’’ E26° 05’ 45.0’’, 301 m, L. Papp &amp; M. Földvári.</p> <p>Paratypes (HNHM): 4 males, 3 females: samelabelsasfortheholotype; 1 male: EasternCapeProv., farmlandsnrHappyLands, oncowandhorsedung, No. 15 - Jan 11, GPS 09, S33° 28’ 38.1’’ E25° 35’ 49.7’’, 51 m; 2 females, ibid., SandvlakteFarmnrPaterson, cattle pasture, cow pats, No. 18, GPS 11, Jan 12, S33° 26’ 14.2’’ E25° 56’ 54.8’’, 300 m; 4 males: ibid., KwaZuluNatal, SDrakensberg, GardenCastle, alongMlambonjaRiver, Jan 22, GPS21, No. 33, S29° 44’ 59.4’’ E29° 12’ 42.1’’, 1811 m; 1 female: KwaZulu Natal: S Drakens- berg, Himeville, Thomas Str., compost &amp; fallen fruits - Jan 22, No. 35, GPS25, S29°44’36.6’’ E29°30’49.5’’, 1541 m.</p> <p>Size (inmm): bodylength 1.28 (holotype), 1.21–1.67 (paratypes); winglength 1.12 (holotype), 1.12–1.41 (paratypes); wingwidth 0.57 (holotype), 0.55–0.66 (paratypes).</p> <p>Description. Genabeloweye 0.10 mm, longitudinalaxisofeye 0.15 mm. Genalseta muchlongerthan 1stperistomalseta. Longestsetaonfirstcostalsection 0.09 mm. Halter brown. Other body characters, see under N. marshalli sp. n., including the two parallel rows ofshortthicksetaeonmidbasitarsus (Fig. 73).</p> <p>Abdomen 0.9 mmlong. Maleabdominalsternite 2 lesssclerotisedandlessthanhalf as broad as sternite 3. Sternite 3 0.15 × 0.40 mm, sternite 4 0.13 × 0.43 mm, i.e., wide (abdomen width 0.56 mm). Tergite 5 with very long latero-caudal pair of setae. Male sternite 5 (Fig. 74), 0.15 × 0.43 mm, nosetaeonmedio-caudalmembranousarea. Synsternite (Fig. 76) ventral part extremely concave, covered by sternite 5. Only sternite 8 part and a small part of sternites 6–7 portions dorsal. Right half of sternite 6 very narrow, sternite 7 portion mostlycurvedanteriorly (betterseenincaudalview); sternite 8 portionsmall, max. 0.20 mmwide. Cercus (Fig. 75) wideandbroadlyroundedventrally. Subepandrialsclerite (Fig. 78), broad, V-shapedinventralview, highanditsventralarmslaterallycurvedwhenseen caudally (Fig. 75). Cercalsetaecomparativelyshort. Surstylus (Fig. 79) withanextremely large, wide, mediallydirectedblackapicalprocess, withoutasubapicallobe. Hypandrium small, rodweaklysclerotised. Distiphallusshort, withawide, apicalpartpartlymembra- nous. Postgonite (Fig. 77) rathersimple, apicalthirdnarrowed, withananteriorapex.</p> <p>Etymology. Thespecificepithet (Latin: ‘erratica’) referstotheerroneousformeridentificationofthespecimensnowpartofthetype-series.</p> <p>Comments. PAPP (2008 b) misidentifiedSouthAfricanspecimensofthis newspeciesas Nudopellaoperta RoháčeketMarshall, 1986 whichisaKorean (mostprobablyanOriental) species.</p> <p>This species occurs together with N. pseudoperta sp. n. (see No. 33 above). Its specimens have been found on compost and also on dung of big hoofers. Differentlyfrom N. pseudoperta, thesurstylushasnosubapicallobe.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03CA1820FFB45F761CB35CEEFC4ED315	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Papp, László	Papp, László (2017): Twenty New Species Of Fifteen Genera Of The Afrotropical Sphaeroceridae (Diptera). Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 63 (4): 377-427, DOI: 10.17109/AZH.63.4.377.2017, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.17109/azh.63.4.377.2017
03CA1820FFB65F741C275CEFFCD4D4C3.text	03CA1820FFB65F741C275CEFFCD4D4C3.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Trachyopella (Nudopella) leucoptera (Haliday 1836)	<div><p>Trachyopella (N.) leucoptera (Haliday, 1836)</p> <p>DudA (1925: 202) publishedafemalefromAbyssiniaKovács – Marako. 1912. III. – „TrachyopellaleucopteraHal. f” det. Dr. O. Duda [Duda’ shandwriting]. The specimen is still present in the Diptera Collection of the HNHM. It has no head and as a female cannot be used at the time being for further identification. There is no question that it belongs to the species group of the three new species described here. VAnSchuytbroecK’s (1950, 1951) records fromZaireareerroneous (cf. RohÁčeK &amp; MArShALL 1986).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03CA1820FFB65F741C275CEFFCD4D4C3	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Papp, László	Papp, László (2017): Twenty New Species Of Fifteen Genera Of The Afrotropical Sphaeroceridae (Diptera). Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 63 (4): 377-427, DOI: 10.17109/AZH.63.4.377.2017, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.17109/azh.63.4.377.2017
03CA1820FFB65F7A1CC05E3AFDB0D6CA.text	03CA1820FFB65F7A1CC05E3AFDB0D6CA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Nudopella marshalli	<div><p>Nudopella marshalli sp. n.</p> <p>(Figs 80–85)</p> <p>Holotype (HNHM, abdomenwithgenitaliainaplasticmicrovialwithglycerol): male, RSA: KwaZuluNatal, NDrakensberg, alongeNdumeniRiver – onsedgeandon mud, Jan 31, 2007, No. 45, leg. L. Papp.</p> <p>Size (in mm): body length 1.28, wing length 1.16, wing width 0.54.</p> <p>Description. Male. Head. Facestronglyconcave, shiny. Eyebare. Cephalicsetaenot toolongbutthick. Twostrongplusseveralshortinternalorbitalsetulaepresent, i.e. interorbitalsasin N. operta. Twolatero-clinatefronto-orbitalsetae. Parafacialrowofsetulae continued on gena below eye (5–6 thin hairs there). Longitudinal axis of eye 0.19 mm. Postocellarsextremelylongandthick, intra- ocellarsstronganddivergent, morethanhalf lengthofocellarseta. Ocellarpairthick, stronglydivergent; occi stronglyreduced, occe long and thick. Four pairs of strong interfrontals. Gena below eye 0.10 mm, genal seta 0.12 mmlong. Vibrissaprobablystrong (brokenoffontheholotype). Antennamedialscape seta 0.07 mm. Pedicelsetaelong, thoughnotthick. Firstflagellomerewithverylongapicalhairsof 0.03 mm, withlonghairsonentiresurface, longestonesatapex. Aristalcilia very long, 0.03–0.035 mm. Arista (slightly curved) at least 0.55 mm long. About 8 rows of acrotrichalsonsuture, onelongposteriordorsocentralpair, apicalscutellarseta 0.28 mm; onelongposteriorkatepisternalseta 0.14 mm. Medialpostpronotalsetamuchshorterthan lateralpair. Wingmembranelightbrownish, veinslightbrown. Wingbroad, nearlyhalf ofwinglength. Asinglelongcostagialseta 0.125 mm. Cs1 setaein 2 rows; longestones, 0.05 mm. Second costal section incrassate, 0.025 mm broad, 0.39 mm long, third costal section, 0.32 mm, costal ratio, 1.27. Costa beyond tip of R 4+5 by 0.10 mm. M-M crossvein,</p> <p>0.09 mm, RM-MM section of M 1+2, 0.14 mm, index 1.57. Halter light brown. Mid tibia with</p> <p>Figs 73–85. Nudopella species. 73–79 = N.erratica sp. n.: 73 = mid basitarsus, ventral side, other setae omitted, 74 = sternite 5, ventral view, 75 = right half of epandrium and subepandrialscleritewithrightcercus, caudalview (somesetaeomitted), 76 = synsternite, ventral view, 77 = postgonite, lateralview, 78 = subepandrialsclerite, ventralview, 79 = surstylus, lateral (i.e. largelythebroadest). 80–85 = Nudopellamarshalli sp. n., holotypemale, postabdomen and genitalia. 80 = right ventral part of epandrium with cercus and subepandrial sclerite, caudalview, 81 = sternite 5, ventralview, 82 = surstylus, lateralview, 83 = surstylus, caudalview, 84 = subepandrialsclerite, ventralview, 85 = postgonite, lateralview.</p> <p>Scale bar: 0.2 mm for Figs 74, 76, 81, 0.1 mm for Figs 73, 75, 77–80, 82–85 strongmidventralseta. Midtibialarmature: anterodorsalsat 7.5/30 (short), 10.5/30 (long &amp; thick), 22/30 (weak), actuallydorsalsetaeat 22/30 (weak), 24/30 (strong), posterodorsalsat 7/30 (weak), 22/30 (the longest tibial seta). Ventroapical seta extremely long, 0.07 mm. Mid Figs 86–93. Nudopellapseudoperta sp. n., malepostabdomenandgenitalia. 85 = sternite 5, ventral view, 86 = synsternite, subventral view, 87 = right half of epandrium and cercus, caudalview, 88 = leftventralpartofepandriumandleftcercuswithsubepandrialsclerite, anteriorview, 89 = subepandrialsclerite, ventralview, 90 = synsternite, subventralview, 91 = postgonite, lateralview, 92 = surstylus, caudalview, 93 = surstylus, lateralview. Scale</p> <p>bar: 0.2 mm for Figs 86, 90, 0.1 mm for Figs 87–89, 91–93</p> <p>basitarsus (cf. Fig. 73), 0.175 mm long, with paired setae ventrally. Hind tibia with a long dorsalpreapicalseta, aslongastibiadiameter.</p> <p>Tergites 4 and 5 with very long postero-caudal setae. Sternite 4 rather, wide, medial part with a deep broad concavity. Sternite 5 (Fig. 81) with long strong setae also on its medio-caudalmembraneouspart. Sternite 6 portionextremelyshortandbroad: leftside joins subdorsally to sternite 7 portion, right side ends under sternite 5. Sternite 6 parallel to sternite 7 portion, sternite 6 mediallyturnstobeperpendiculartoabdominalaxis, building anterior wall of genital pouch. Epandrium 0.09 mm long dorsally. Male cercus reduced, cercalpart (Fig. 80) withverylongsetae. SubepandrialscleritestrictlyV-shaped, rather thin in ventral view, with two lateral, ventrally directed arms, as seen in caudal view (Fig. 80). Hypandriumthin, verythinsagittally, withoutanytraceofappendage. Phallapodeme slightlymorecurvedthanin N. operta. Distiphallusisrathersimilartothatof N. operta and N. erratica. Postgonite (Fig. 85) very characteristic: basal ½ broader, in profile inner contour morecurvedthanouter, apicalhalfS-curved, apicalpartstronglynarrowedbutapexnot sharp. Surstylus (Figs 82–83) largeandlong: broad-based, medialpartnarrow, endingina triangularlateralprocess, apicalpartmedio-clinate, L-shapedwithextremelylargeblack apical “spine”.</p> <p>Femaleunknown.</p> <p>Etymology. ThisnewspecieshasbeendedicatedtoProf. Dr. StephenA. Marshall (GuelphUniversity, Canada) inrecognitionofhisgreatcontributiontothetaxonomyof theSphaeroceridae, includingthespeciesofthegenus Trachyopella (Nudopella).</p> <p>Comment. The other two species are very similar, and so only a few fea- turesotherthanthoseofthemalegenitaliaaredescribed. Themalecercusin T. marshalli is reduced as in N. operta, while the setae in the cercal part are very long when compared to N. erratica.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03CA1820FFB65F7A1CC05E3AFDB0D6CA	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Papp, László	Papp, László (2017): Twenty New Species Of Fifteen Genera Of The Afrotropical Sphaeroceridae (Diptera). Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 63 (4): 377-427, DOI: 10.17109/AZH.63.4.377.2017, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.17109/azh.63.4.377.2017
03CA1820FFB85F7B1CEC5820FE13D18F.text	03CA1820FFB85F7B1CEC5820FE13D18F.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Nudopella pseudoperta	<div><p>Nudopella pseudoperta sp. n.</p> <p>(Figs 86–93)</p> <p>Holotype (HNHM): male, RSA: 1 male: EasternCapeProv., <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=26.923306&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-32.578056" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 26.923306/lat -32.578056)">Hogsback</a>, Mistyfell House, No. 2, on compost, GPS02, S32° 34’ 41.0’’ E26° 55’ 23.9’’, 1375 m, Jan 7, 2007, L. Papp &amp; M. Földvári.</p> <p>Paratypes: 1 male (rightwingseparated, gluedbelowthespecimen, genitaliainaplas- ticmicrovial) (HNHM): RSA: EasternCapeProv., besideBloukransRiver, Jan 14, GPS17, S33° 57’ 20.9’’ E23° 38’ 18.8’’, 28 m, No. 24, L. Papp &amp; M. Földvári; 1 female (HNHM): Kwa- ZuluNatal, SDrakensberg, nrGardenCastle, riversidemeadow [MlambonjaRiver], Jan 22, No. 34, GPS21, S29° 44’ 59.4’’ E29° 12’ 42.1’’, 1811 m; 1 male, 1 female (HNHM): ibid., GardenCastle, alongMlambonjaRiver, No. 33. 2 males, 4 females (BMSA): 1 male: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=29.619389&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-28.983194" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 29.619389/lat -28.983194)">Malaise</a> trapsdenseLeucosedeadominatedscrub – RSA: <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=29.619389&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-28.983194" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 29.619389/lat -28.983194)">FreeState</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=29.619389&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-28.983194" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 29.619389/lat -28.983194)">Harrismith</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=29.619389&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-28.983194" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 29.619389/lat -28.983194)">Scotlandfarmat</a>: 28° 58’ 59.5’’S 29° 37’ 09.8’’E, 10–12.xi.2009, A.H. Kirk- Spriggs – [blue] Entomology Dept....- BMSA (D) 12925; 1 male, 3 females (BMSA): ibid., KZN, Royal Natal N.P., Thendele, 1600m, 28° 42.378’S 28° 56.083’E, 15–17.ii.2010 – [blue] <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=28.934717&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-28.7063" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 28.934717/lat -28.7063)">Entomology Dept</a>....- BMSA (D) 21524 (m), 21536, 20511, 21521; 1 female (BMSA): Malaise trap, Oubrug, Storms Rivier margin, indigenousforest – RSA: TsitsikammaN.P., PlaatbosNat. Reserveat: 33° 59.283’S 23° 55.275’E, 20–22.i.2009 – [blue] <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=23.92125&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-33.98805" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 23.92125/lat -33.98805)">Entomology Dept</a>....- BMSA (D) 03756.</p> <p>Size (inmm): bodylength 1.59 (holotype), 1.36–1.76 (paratypes), winglength 1.54 (holotype), 1.54–1.82 (paratypes), wingwidth 0.66 (holotype), 0.65–0.73 (paratypes).</p> <p>Description. Genalsetanotlongerthanfirstperistomal. Wing. Longestsetaonfirst costalsection 0.11–0.12 mm. rce 1 llshaded, definitelybrownish. Cs2 0.55 mm, Cs3 0.35 mm, costal ratio 1.56. Costal vein extending tip of R 4+5 by 0.13 mm. RM-MM section of vein M 1+2 0.18 mm, cross- vein M-M 0.11 mm. M 3+4 with a long appendage vein to discal cell 0.12 mm. Hindtibiawithadorsalpreapicalsetalongerthantibialdiameteratitsorigin.</p> <p>Malesternite 5 (Fig. 86) simple, caudalmembranouspartveryshortandbare. Male synsternite (Fig. 90) slightly different in structure from that of N. erratica, as the laterally longersternite 6. Malegenitalia (Figs 87–93) withlarge, broadlyroundedcercus (Fig. 87), sagittal connection very short; cercus with some setae. Subepandrial sclerite (Figs 87, 89) moreroundedandshort. Surstylus (Figs 92–93) short, itslobeswithalargeroundcaudal lobeanditssubapicallobeclosetoapicalthorn. Postgonite (Fig. 91) stronglycurved, apex notsharp.</p> <p>Etymology. The specific epithet of this new species is ‘ pseudoperta ’ as a combination of the Greek words ‘ pseudes ’ [= false] and the specific epithet of operta, a species described byRohÁčeKandMArShALL (1986) fromKorea.</p> <p>Comments. RohÁčeKandMArShALL’s (1986) descriptionof T. (N.) operta isveryaccurate, whathelpsfurtherstudiesinthegenus. PAPP (2008 b) identifiedhis Nudopella specimensfromSouthAfricaincorrectly, usinglowmagnification. Acarefulstudyofthosespecimensrevealedthreedifferentspecies from Nudopella on material collected on dung of big hoofers in South Africa. These species occur together with N. erratica (see No. 33 of the RSA materials above). This, ofcourse, ischallengingforproperdiscriminationofthespecies, butreinforcestheconceptthattheyareseparatespecies. Themalesternite 5 in N. pseudoperta, sp. n. issomewhatlargerthaninitscongeners. Themale synsterniteisstructurallysimilartothatof N. erratica, differingonlyindetails, e.g., sternite 6 portionislongerlaterally. Thesurstylusin N. pseudoperta, sp. n. is shorter than in N. marshalli and about as long as that of N. erratica, but the lobesaredifferent.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03CA1820FFB85F7B1CEC5820FE13D18F	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Papp, László	Papp, László (2017): Twenty New Species Of Fifteen Genera Of The Afrotropical Sphaeroceridae (Diptera). Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 63 (4): 377-427, DOI: 10.17109/AZH.63.4.377.2017, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.17109/azh.63.4.377.2017
03CA1820FFB95F791CC858E5FDA4D697.text	03CA1820FFB95F791CC858E5FDA4D697.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Paraminilimosina similis	<div><p>Paraminilimosina similis sp. n.</p> <p>(Figs 94–99)</p> <p>Holotype (HNHM): male, TANZANIA: Morogororegion, MikumiNationalPark, Mikumi Tented Camp – Netting over excrement of elephant, Feb 1, 1987, leg. S. Mahunka – T. Pócs – A. Zicsi, No. 8.</p> <p>Paratypes (HNHM): 1 male (abdomenwithgenitaliainaplasticmicrovialwithglycerol) 4 females: samelabelsasfortheholotype; 1 male: Nigeria [BauchiState]: Yankari (on label incorrectly Yangui) Reserve, Wikki – Aug. 15, 1978, leg. A. Demeter, No. 22 [buffalo dung from previous night].</p> <p>Size (inmm): bodylength 1.15 (holotype), 1.15–1.45 (paratypes); winglength 1.19 (holotype), 1.18–1.38 (paratypes); wingwidth 0.51 (holotype), 0.51–0.56 (paratypes).</p> <p>Description. Male. Head, scutum, scutellum, abdomenandlegslightbrown. Alarge triangularprotuberancepresentbetweenantennalbases, facialplatestronglyconcavein profile; mouthedgestronglyupturned, mouthcavityextremelylarge. Anteriorhalfof frons, scapeandpediceldirtyyelloworochre. Twofronto-orbitals, ocellar, outerandinnerverticalpairsstrong, outerandinneroccipitalssimilar, postocellarpairnearlyparal- lel, comparativelylong (0.06 mm); fourtofiveshortinterfrontalpairs. Genalsetadistinct (somewhatlongerthan 0.04 mm), butperistomalandposteriorgenalsetaelonger, 0.05– 0.06 mm. Vibrissa 0.16 mm, longitudinal axis of eye 0.25 mm, genal width below eye 0.06 mm. Antennalscapemuchbroaderthanlong, witha 0.04 mmlongmedialseta; pedicel setaeverylong, e.g., dorsalseta 0.08–0.085 mm. Firstflagellomereslightlyconical, arista 0.095 –0.105 mmlong. Onlyoneposteriorpairofdorsocentrals. Prescutellaracrostichal distinct, 0.10–0.11 mm; thoracicsetaesparse, butlongsetulae, includingacrostichals; one postpronotal, 2 notopleurals (posteriorpaironacallus, maybenamedaspresutural), l largesupra- alarandpost-alar (posterior) separable, othernotlongerthansetulae. Infemalesalateralpresuturalalsodeveloped. Oneratherlongkatepisternalseta. Sub-basal seta of costa short, 0.10 mm. Inter-crossvein section of M 1+2, 0.15 mm, M-M cross vein 0.08 mm. Second / third costal sections 0.29 / 0.40 mm, ratio 0.72. R 4+5 slightly upcurved, C dis- tinctly extending beyond tip of R 4+5. M 3+4 continued on a section of 0.15 mm distally to MM. Alulanarrow, elongated. Midtibiawithanormalventro-apicalseta; antero-dorsalsatba- sal third and 11/15, a more dorsal (dorsal) at 13/15, no mid ventral seta. Anterior preapical setadistinct. Otherwisenopeculiaritiesonlegs.</p> <p>Abdominalsternites 2–3 (Figs 93–94) withpeculiarmodifications: inlateralview, itformsalargeroundknob-likeprocesswithasmallerswellingbasally; inventralview, more intricate. Sternite 5 (Fig. 95) almost as long as wide, its medio-caudal part (Fig. 96) Figs 94–99. Paraminilimosinasimilis sp. n., malepostabdomenandgenitalia. 94 = preabdominal structures, lateral view, 95 = same, ventral view, 96 = sternite 5, ventral view, 97 = caudalpartofsternite 5 inhighermagnification, ventralview, 98 = surstylus, inbroadest (sublateral) view, 99 = postgonite, lateralview (contours: atbroadest). Scalebar: 0.2 mmfor</p> <p>Figs 94–96, 0.1 mm for Figs 97–99</p> <p>composedofapairofbluntlobes, withnumerousbluntblackpegs. Surstylus (Fig. 97) muchlongerthanhighbasalpartwithlongsetae, apicalpartbearssetaemostlyonmesial surface, setaecoveredwheninlateralview. Postgonite (Fig. 98) rathersimple, bare, its broadestextensioninsublateralview.</p> <p>Female: unknown.</p> <p>Etymology. Thespecificepithet (Latin: ‘similis’ = like, resembling) referstothechar- acteristicsofthisnewspeciesresemblingtotheformerlydescribedOrientalspeciesinthe genus.</p> <p>Comments. P. similis sp. n. isparticularlysimilarto P. miraculisterna L. Papp, 2008 (Thailand). Theblackpegsmedio-caudallyonsternite 5 issmaller and more numerous in the new species. The surstylus is very different, with largelydifferentmodificationsofthepregenitalsternites (cf. PAPP 2008 a: figs 16 misnumbered as fig. 15 and 17). The body colour is similar to that of P. miraculisterna. Theratiobetweensecondandthirdcostalsectionsis 0.72, larger than in the Oriental species of the genus. The abdominal sternites 2–3 in P. similis, sp. n. are intricate, but it is even more complex in P. miraculisterna (see PAPP 2008 a: fig. 17).</p> <p>PAPP (2008 a: 57) referred to the specimens described here as an Afrotropical species other than the two Oriental species described there and an additional new species from India.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03CA1820FFB95F791CC858E5FDA4D697	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Papp, László	Papp, László (2017): Twenty New Species Of Fifteen Genera Of The Afrotropical Sphaeroceridae (Diptera). Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 63 (4): 377-427, DOI: 10.17109/AZH.63.4.377.2017, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.17109/azh.63.4.377.2017
03CA1820FFBB5F7F1CD45FEDFBE0D64B.text	03CA1820FFBB5F7F1CD45FEDFBE0D64B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Parapoecilosomella formosa	<div><p>Parapoecilosomella formosa sp. n.</p> <p>(Figs 100–107)</p> <p>Holotype (IRSNB): male, Malaisetrapslowlandevergreenprimaryforest (disturbed) – D. R. CONGO: Oriental prov., Likombo forest, 2 km SW Bomane, 1.28349, 23.72358, 20–22, v. 2010, A.H. Kirk- <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=23.72358&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=1.28349" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 23.72358/lat 1.28349)">Spriggs</a> – [yellow] BoyekoliEbaleCongoExpedition 2010 – BECE00609.</p> <p>Paratypes: 1 male (BMSA, gen. prep.): ibid., BECE00605; 1 male (HNHM, abdomen with genitalia in a plastic microvial with glycerol): ibid., BECE00816; 2 females (BMSA): ibid., BECE 00819, BECE00613.</p> <p>Size (inmm): bodylength 2.47 (holotype), 2.31–2.49 (paratypes); winglength 2.75 (holotype), 2.36–2.77 (paratypes); wingwidth 1.17 (holotype), 1.04–1.18 (paratypes).</p> <p>Description. Male. Bodynotparticularlystronglysclerotizedorgranulose. Head, antennaandarmatureoflegssimilartothatof P. lusingana (Vanshuytbroeck). Onelong latero-clinateupperorbitalseta, 3 pairsofinterfrontalspresent, someminuteadditional lateroclinatesetulaeclosetoorbitals. occe, occi weak, postocellarsetanotdiscernible. Facial platenotprotruding, centrallywithalowcarina. Occipitalsetaeweak. Genalsetalong, 0.15 to 0.20 mm. Prosternum linear. One very strong posterior and one weak anterior pair of dc setae, no prsc. Nosetulaebetweenapicalscutellarsetae; discofscutellumbare. Acrostichalsin 8–10 irregularrows. Twopairsofstrongkatepisternalsetaepresent. Pulvilliand clawsweaklydeveloped; ventroapicalspurofhindtibialargelyreduced. Midtibiawithout ventralpreapicalseta. Malemidtibiaventrallywithoutaventroapicalsetabutwithnu- merous very long (0.4 mm or even longer) white hairs; female mid tibia with the normal 0.15 mmlongventroapicalseta. Nolongventralsetaonmidbasitarsus. Not 1 but 2 ventroapicalsetaeonhindtibia, buttheyareshort (0.06–0.07 mm). Wingpatterncomplex. Costa ending at apex of R 4+5, with longer setae along entire length. Costal setae long from base to apexofR. Rusuallylessstronglybent, Rwithoutaveinappendage. CuAusuallynot 1 2+3 2+3</p> <p>developed. Rnotbisinuateormuchlessso. Roblique, almoststraight, distalendper- 2+3 2+3</p> <p>pendiculartocosta (PAPP 2008 a: fig. 313). Secondcostalsectionslightlylonger. Abdomen wellsclerotised. Tergite 1 pigmentedandsclerotisedonlylaterally, medialpartsclerotised ontwolateralthoughconfluentparts. Tergite 2 desclerotisedantero-mediallyonasmall triangulararea. Sternite 5 wideandshort, only 0.10 mmlong, withsomesevenlongsetae atdistalthird. Sternites 2 to 4 peculiar, onlypartiallywithmarbleirregularspots. Sternite 5 (Fig. 100) withlongsetae, mainlysubcaudally. Caudalmarginofsternite 5 (Fig. 101) with short, but not thin sharp setae. Synsternite (Fig. 103) with sternite 6 portion with more concaverightmembranousarea (Fig. 103), medialpartofsternite 7 darker. Caudaledge Figs 100–107. Parapoecilosomellaformosa sp. n., malepostabdomenandgenitalia. 100 = sternites 4 and 5, ventral view, 101 = caudal part of sternite 5 in higher magnification, ventral view, 102 = subepandrial sclerite, anterior (!) view, 103 = synsternite, ventral view, 104 = surstylus, broadest (sublateral) view, 105 = postgonite, lateralview, 106 = postgonite, cau- dal view, 107 = cercal part of epandrium with contours of subepandrial sclerite and base of surstylus, caudal view. Scale bar: 0.4 mm for Fig. 100, 103, 0.2 mm for Figs 101–102,</p> <p>104–105, 107, 0.1 mm for Fig. 106</p> <p>ofsternite 8 portiondesclerotisedanddemelanisedonasectionof 0.04 mm. Epandrium only 0.10 mmlongdorsallyandsagittally. Subepandrialsclerite (Fig. 102) morethantwice widerthanlong. Anallamellaeweaklymembranous, withdorso-lateralextension. Ventral partdemelaniseddesclerotised, includingcercalpartofepandrium (Fig. 107), coveredby short dense setae. Surstylus (Fig. 104) with ventral process longer, with a more slender base. Bodyofsurstyluswithmorelateralsetae (cf. PAPP 2008 a: figs 108, 110), withnumer- ousthickspiniformsetae. Hypandriumsimilartothatof P. lusingana. Theapicalthreadlikeprocessofdistiphallusisveryshort. Postgonitewithnumeroussetae (Papp 2008 a: figs 105, 107), apicalhalfverythin, apicalhalfstraightinanterior/caudalview, butstrongly sigmoidinbasalhalf.</p> <p>Female: Asmales, exceptforpostabdomen.</p> <p>Etymology. Thespecificepithet (Latin: ‘formosus’ = beautiful) referstothespectacular body and wings of the new species.</p> <p>Comments. Wingpatternusuallymorecomplexthaninmostspeciesof Poecilosomella (PAPP 2008 a: figs 310, 312–316). Male sternite 5 medio-caudal setoseareasomewhatbroaderthanin P. lusingana. Sternites 2 to 4 marblespot pattern distinct from P. lusingana (Fig. 100, cf. PAPP 2008 a: fig. 103). Synsternite (Fig. 103) in P. formosa withmedialpartofsternite 7 portiondarker, markedly different from that of P. lusingana. Cercal process smaller and more dorsal thanin P. lusingana. Apicalpartofdistiphallusdiffersonbothofthesespecies.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03CA1820FFBB5F7F1CD45FEDFBE0D64B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Papp, László	Papp, László (2017): Twenty New Species Of Fifteen Genera Of The Afrotropical Sphaeroceridae (Diptera). Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 63 (4): 377-427, DOI: 10.17109/AZH.63.4.377.2017, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.17109/azh.63.4.377.2017
03CA1820FFBD5F7D1CA35FA2FEBDD336.text	03CA1820FFBD5F7D1CA35FA2FEBDD336.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Philocoprella africana	<div><p>Philocoprella africana sp. n.</p> <p>(Figs 108–118)</p> <p>Holotype (HNHM): male, R.S.A.: EasternCapeProv., ShamwariGameReserve, on elephant dung, Jan 11, GPS10, S33° 24’ 47.0’’ E26° 05’ 45.0’’, 301 m, No. 14, leg. L. Papp &amp; M. Földvári.</p> <p>Paratypes: 74 males 66 females (HNHM) 1 male, 1 female (BMSA), 1 male, 1 female (NMSA), samedataasholotype.</p> <p>Size (inmm): bodylength 1.00 (holotype), 0.95–1.15 (paratypes); winglength 0.95 (holotype), 0.875–0.98 (paratypes), wingwidth 0.425 (holotype), 0.40–0.45 (paratypes).</p> <p>Description. Head. Fourpairsofmedium-longinterfrontals, twopairsoflateroclinatefronto-orbitals, plusfiveormoreshortthinfronto-orbitalpairs, twopairsofshort latero-clinateinter-ocellars, andoneinclinatepairofpostocellars. Parafacialiawithminute white hairs. Width of gena 0.05 mm, longitudinal axis of eye 0.225 mm. Genal seta 0.07 mm (holotypeandaparatypefemale), i.e. slightlylongerthanfirstperistomalseta. Ocel- lartrianglereachesmiddleoffrons. Firstflagellomereround, withlong (0.015mm) dense apicalhairs. Arista 0.36 mmlong, withshort (0.012 mm) cilia. Postpronotumwith 3 pairs ofsetae: onelowermedio-clinateshortseta, oneratherlargereclinatemedialsetaandone pairofmedio-clinatemedialsetae; onepairofposterior dc, scutellarsetae (PAPP 1973 b: fig. 151). Acrostichalsetulaewellordered, eightrowsonsuture. Presuturalseta 0.09 (0.085) mm long, twopairsofkepst, anteriorpairlessthanhalfofposteriorpair. Otherheadandtho- racic setae as in Ph. italica. Wing very light brown, veins light brown. Costal vein both hori- zontallyanddorsallywith (5) 6–7 longsetaeof 0.06 mm, costagialsetaenotmuchlonger (0.07 mm). Second costal section 0.21 mm, third section 0.205 mm, ratio 1.03. Costal vein extending beyond tip of R 4+5 by 0.175 –0.185 mm. Inter-crossvein section (RM-MM) of M 1+2, 0.08 mm, M-Mcross- vein 0.075 mm. Costalsetaupto 0.05 mm. Discalcelledged, visible appendagesof 0.05 mm. Alulanarrow, 0.05 mmbroad. Midtibialarmature: anterodorsals at 6/26 (medium), 13/26 (medium), 18/26 (long), posterodorsals at 9/26, 18/16 (long). No ventro-apicalsetaonmidtibia. Aratherstrongmidventralsetaat 15/26 andashortsubapicalventralseta. Hindtibiawithalongdorsalpreapicalsetaof 0.05–0.055 mmplusother (3–4 pairs) moredorsallonghair-likesetae. Bothantero-andpostero-apicalsetaeofmid tibiamedium-long (0.04 mm), i.e., definitelyshorterthanventralbasitarsalseta (0.06 mm in male, 0.07 mm in female). Tergite 5 much broader, but not much longer than sternite 5; sternite 5 subquadrate (Fig. 108), withsomescatteredlongsetae, averysmallsub-triangular medio-caudalpartwithfinehairsinca. 6 rows (Fig. 109). Synsternitepeculiar: sternite 8 occupiesitsentiredorsalpart, whilesternite 6 partnormal, sternite 7 partandventralpartof sternite 8 verysmall (Fig. 110). Epandriumshort (Figs 111, 115), epandrialcomplexclosed ventrally, cercionlyslightlylesssclerotised. Subepandrialsclerite (Fig. 112) large, much broaderthanlong, adarkerandmoresclerotisedsagittalpartandextendedlatero-ventral edges. Hypandrium (Fig. 115) peculiar, lateralpartsstronglyandbroadlyfusedtoepandrium, medialpart (“rod”) longandbroad, basallyY-shaped, proximalendconnectedto lateralparts, distalpartmoderatelyextendedhorizontally. Surstylus (Figs 113–114) short, notmuchhigherthanlong, withnumerouslongsetae, butnothickerthorns. Basiphallus elongatedventrally, butwithoutepiphallus (Fig. 117), distiphalluscompact. Phallapodeme (Figs 116–117) long, proximalendjoiningbasiphallusbroadlyextended, distalthirdformed byabroadhorizontalplate. Postgonite (Fig. 118) characteristic, withabroadbase, apical partinlateralviewgeniculate, apicalthirdslender, withbluntapex.</p> <p>Female: cercuswith 2 longsinuoushairs.</p> <p>Etymology. The specific epithet refers to its distribution in the Afrotropical region.</p> <p>Comments. Thisisthefirstdescriptionofthegenitaliaofaspeciesinthe genus Philocoprella Richards. Thescutellarsetaein P. africana aresimilarto thatof Rachispoda.</p> <p>It is out of the scope of this paper to revise Philocoprella. In the collection at the HNHM there are two additional undescribed Oriental species of the genus, as well as congeneric specimens from Nigeria and Kenya that have not beenidentifiedtospecieslevel. Theminutesizeofthespeciesmakesdifficult thestudyofthemorphology. Anadditionalproblemisthatthetypespecies ofthegenus, Ph. arvernica (Richards, 1929), isknownonlyfromtheholotype, depositedattheLondonNHM (RohÁčeK etal. 2001). AsfarasIknow, ithas not been studied after the original description. It has only one pair of short setaeonscutellumdisc, whichisquiteunique. Ihaveseenseveralthousand Philocoprella specimens (we captured more than 1000 specimens during our 2002–2005 project on the Hortobágy; PAPP 2007), but I have not seen any specimenwithonlyonepairofsetaeonthediscofscutellum. Thediagnosticfea- turesofthenewspeciesaresummarisedinthekeybelow.</p> <p>Key to the known species of Philocoprella Richards, 1929 (Ph. arvernica (Richards) isnotconsidered)</p> <p>1. R 4+5 straight. C extending tip of R 4+5 by a much longer section than mid basitarsus 2</p> <p>– R4+5 stronglyupcurved (PAPP 1973 b: fig. 23F). Calmostreachingwing apex. C extending tip of R 4+5 length of mid basitarsus 3</p> <p>2. Five pairs of interfrontal setae. RM-MM to M-M section of M 1+2 1.5–2.0 times longer than cross- vein M-M. Female cercus with two very long, sinuoushairs. Mongolia. Ph. mongolica L. Papp, 1973</p> <p>– Four pairs of interfrontal setae. RM-MM to M-M section of M 1+2 hardly longerthancross- veinM-M. Dorsalhairoffemalecercusconsiderably shorter then apical hair Ph. rectiradiata L. Papp, 1973 *</p> <p>3. Malemidbasitarsuswithlongventralsub-apicalsetaandfemalecercus withtwolongsinuoushairs. Malegenitalia (Figs 108–118). Afrotropical Ph. africana sp. n.</p> <p>– Malemidbasitarsuswithoutlongsub-basalsetaorfemalecercuswith shorthairsonly. Palaearctic 4</p> <p>4. Malemidbasitarsuswithoutlongsub-basalventralseta; femalecercus with 2 longsinuoushairs Ph. quadrispina (Laurence)</p> <p>– Malemidbasitarsuswithlongsub-basalventralseta; femalecercuswith shorthairsonly Ph. italica (Deeming)</p> <p>Figs 108–118. Philocoprellaafricana sp. n., malepostabdomenandgenitalia. 108 = sternite 5 with contours of tergite 5, ventral view; 109 = medio-caudal part of sternite 5 in higher magnification; 110 = synsternite, ventral view; 111 = epandrium with cerci and subepandrialsclerite, caudalview; 112 = subepandrialsclerite, broadestextension, i.e. subcaudal view; 113 = surstylus, caudalview; 114 = surstylus, inbroadestextension, i.e. asubventral- subcaudal view; 115 = hypandrium and epandrium, ventral view; 116 = phallapodeme, dorsalview 117 = phallusandphallapodeme, lateralview; 118 = postgonite, lateralview (BPh: basiphallus). Scale bars: 0.2 mm for Figs 108, 110–111, 115, 0.1 mm for Figs 109, 112–</p> <p>114, 116–118</p> <p>* I have to note here that the holotype of Ph. rectiradiata is mysteriously missing from theHNHMcollection. The 2 maleand 3 femaleparatypesarethere; theholotypewasnot found even in loan lists, etc. In the frame of the revision of Philocoprella one must return to thisproblem.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03CA1820FFBD5F7D1CA35FA2FEBDD336	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Papp, László	Papp, László (2017): Twenty New Species Of Fifteen Genera Of The Afrotropical Sphaeroceridae (Diptera). Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 63 (4): 377-427, DOI: 10.17109/AZH.63.4.377.2017, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.17109/azh.63.4.377.2017
03CA1820FF815F461C9A5CEFFE93D601.text	03CA1820FF815F461C9A5CEFFE93D601.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Phthitia incognata	<div><p>Phthitia incognata sp. n.</p> <p>(Figs 119–133)</p> <p>Holotype (HNHM): male, RSA: KwaZuluNatal, NDrakensberg, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=29.226&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-28.960196" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 29.226/lat -28.960196)">RainbowGorge</a>, Jan 26–28, 2007, No. 39 – GPS29, S28° 57’ 36.7’’ E29° 13’ 33.6’’, 1529 m, L. Papp &amp; M. Földvári.</p> <p>Paratypes (allmalesbutoneinHNHM, onemaleinBMSA): 10 males, 6 females, ibid., along Rainbow Gorge streamlet, yellow pans – Jan 28–31, 2007, No. 41, GPS31, S28° 57’ 43.2’’ E29° 13’ 18.4’’, 1516 m, leg. M. Földvári.</p> <p>Size (inmm): bodylength 3.25 (holotype), 3.15–3.45 (paratypes); winglength 3.01 (holotype), 2.95–3.19 (paratypes); wingwidth 1.21 (holotype), 1.17–1.25 (paratypes).</p> <p>Description. Male. Mostfeaturesfittothoseofthenominatesubgenus. Facialplate short, mouthedgestronglyproduced, alargesub-triangularprotuberancepresentbetween scapes. Pedicellongerthanfirstflagellomere. Flagellomere 1 higherthanlong, withanarrowlyroundeddorsalend. Pedicelwithawreathoflongsubapicalsetae. Firstflagellomere withca. 0.025 mmlongcilia. Arista 0.90–0.95 mmlong. Palpwithtwolongsubapicalplus severalshorterventralsetae, 4 pairsofinterfrontalsetae, anterioroneshort; twolateroclinatefronto-orbitalpairs, plusseveralshortfronto-orbitalsetulaediscernible. Postocellar setaindistinct, ocellar, outerandinnervertical, outerandinneroccipitalpairslong, thick. Longitudinalaxisofeye 0.50–0.52 mm. Parafacialiawithshortblacksetulaemoreventral- ly, beloweyelongerandlightersetulaediscernible. Vibrissa, 0.34 mm, genalwidth (holotype) 0.17 mm, genalseta 0.24–0.25 mmlong. Onelongpostpronotalseta, medialpairnot discernible; twopairsofnotopleurals (posteriorpaironalargeprotuberance), presutural setanotlong, 2 setaeinintra- alarrow: onesupra- alarandonepostalarone. Postalarsetain the supra- alar row very long, 0.65–0.69 mm, anterior pair also long (0.29 mm). Two pairs of longdorsocentrals, betweenthem 1, anteriorly 2 additionalsetaearelongerthanadjacent setae. Noprescutellarseta. Apicalscutellarsetaextremelylong, 1.00– 1.05 mm. Onelong katepisternal 0.29 mm, anteriorpairnotdeveloped; somespecimenswith 1 or 2 shortsetae betweenapicalandlateralscutellarsetae. Wingmembranelightbrownish, veinsochre. Twocostagialsetae 0.16 mm, i.e., notparticularlylong. SectionsCs2 1.06 mm, Cs3 0.85 mm, ratio 1.25. RM-MM section 0.39 mm, M-M cross- vein 0.13 mm. M 1+2 definitely reaching wingmarginthoughfaintly. Analveinbroadlysigmoid, notreachingwingmargin. Alula ratherbroad, liguliform, 0.12–0.13 mmbroad. Halterknoblightbrown, stalkwax-yellow. Fore leg with no distinctive changes. Mid femur with two rows of antero-ventral and pos- tero-ventralshortblacksetae. Malemidtibiawithoutmidventralorventro-apicalseta; a completerowofshortblack, spiniformsetaeventrally. Antero-dorsalsetaeat 15/68,24/68, 39/68 (shorter), 48/68, 53/68 (more dorsal), 61–68 (shorter), postero-dorsals at 16/68 (thinner and shorter), 28/68, 52/68 (very long and thick), 61/68 (weak). A very thick anterior apicalsetapresent. Hindtibiawitha 0.15–0.16 mmlong, thickblack, slightlylaterallycurved, ventralspur. Bothpreabdominaltergitesandsterniteslarge, almostmeetinglaterally. Sternite 5 large (Fig. 119), U-shapedinanteriorview, lesssclerotisedmedio-caudallywithouta process, butwithlongthinsetaeonlargerdarksockets. Sternite 6+7 portionofsynsternite (Figs 121–122) fusedonlydorsally, sternite 8 portionnotfusedwithsynsternite. Shapeof sternite 6 complex ventrally (Figs 121–122), a thorn at left side and a sub-trapezoid medialblackscleritemostventrally; slightlydorsallyacup- likescleritewithapairoflateral asymmetricalprocessesandarightwardslargersclerite. Sternite 7 partsimple, sternite 8 portionstronglyconvex, nearly 0.4 mmlongdorsally. Epandriumwithnumerouslateral setae (Fig. 123). Subepandrialsclerite (Fig. 123, covered) small, onlyatransverselathbe- lowanalopening. Pseudocercienormouslylarge, withnumerousapicalsetaeandasingle thickspine. Hypandrium (Fig. 120) absolutelyasymmetricalwithoutrod (medialappend- age). Subepandrialscleriteveryshort, transverse, connectinglongdorsalappendagesof Figs 119–126. Phthitiaincognita sp. n., malepostabdomenandgenitalia. 119 = sternite 5, ventralview, 120 = hypandrium, ventralview, 121 = synsternitecaudally, 122 = synsternite ventrally, 123 = epandrium and cerci, caudal view, 124 = postgonite, in lateral view, 125 = surstylus, lateralview, 126 = surstylus, ventralview. Scalebar: 0.4 mmforFigs 119,</p> <p>121–123, 0.2 mm for Figs 120 and for 124–126</p> <p>surstyli. Surstylus (Figs 125–126) witharecurvedlongandbluntcaudallobe, withabroad anteriorlobebearinganapicaltooth; bodyofsurstylusbroadenedhorizontally (visible onlyinventralview). Basiphallus (Fig. 129) highandshort, phallapodemecomparatively small. Distiphallus (Figs 127–128) inthreeparts: basalpartasmallpentagonalplateinhorizontalposition, anapicalpartwithabifidblackscleriteandapairofverylargeauriform, 2-layeredsub-basallobessideward. Postgonite (Fig. 124) connectedtophallusbyanarrow blacklath, basalpartbroad, apicalpartnarrowed, bifidapically.</p> <p>for Figs 127–129, 131–132, 0.1 mm for Figs 130, 133</p> <p>Female. Female mid tibia with a very long and thick ventro-apical seta but mid ventralsetalacking. Hindtibiaalsowiththickblack, slightlylaterallycurved, ventralspur. Postabdomenstructurallyfitstothebasicstructureseenin Phthitia species. Epiproct (Fig. 132) comparativelyweak, subtriangular, withapairofcaudalapicalprocesseswithtwo pairsofshortsetae. Hypoproct (Figs 131–132) broad, weaklysclerotisedmedially, al- mostbare. Femalecercus (Figs 131–132) stronglyupcurvedapically, withtwothickapical thorns. Spermathecae (Fig. 133) pyriform, ductssclerotisedonashortsectiondistallyto spermathecae, pairedspermathecawithasinglecommonduct, notwithindividualized ducts. Spermathecaeonitsbasal, narrowedpartwithsomeminutewarts.</p> <p>Etymology. Inamedthisnewspecies (Latin‘incognitus’= notrelated), sinceonecannotfindacloserrelativespeciesamongtheAfrotropicalspecies.</p> <p>Comments. IcouldnotfindanyspeciesinMArShALLandSmith’ s (1992) arevisionoftheNewWorldAtlanticandPacific Phthitia closetothisnew species. Intheirinterpretationof Kimosina Roháček, 1983 issynonymouswith Phthitia. AsstatedinPAPP (2008 a), weshouldkeep Kimosina atleastasasubgenus of Phthitia. This new species does not fit into Kimosina or to the subgen- era Collimosina Roháček (1983), Alimosina Roháček (1983) or Rufolimosina L. Papp, 2008.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03CA1820FF815F461C9A5CEFFE93D601	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Papp, László	Papp, László (2017): Twenty New Species Of Fifteen Genera Of The Afrotropical Sphaeroceridae (Diptera). Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 63 (4): 377-427, DOI: 10.17109/AZH.63.4.377.2017, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.17109/azh.63.4.377.2017
03CA1820FF845F451C0C5F7CFBE0D4BE.text	03CA1820FF845F451C0C5F7CFBE0D4BE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Phthitia (Kimosina) vulgaris	<div><p>Phthitia (Kimosina) vulgaris sp. n.</p> <p>(Figs 134–143)</p> <p>Holotype (HNHM): male, RSA: EasternCapeProv., <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=26.932638&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-32.589664" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 26.932638/lat -32.589664)">Hogsback</a>, 39 StepsWaterfall, Jan 7–8, 2007 – GPS06, S32° 35’ 22.8’’ E26° 55’ 57.5’’, 1233 m, L. Papp &amp; M. Földvári.</p> <p>Paratypes: 3 females (HNHM): samedataasholotype; 1 male (HNHM): ibid., ina park, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=26.948889&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-32.588333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 26.948889/lat -32.588333)">No.</a> 8 – Jan 8–9, GPS05, S32° 35’ 18.0’’ E26° 56’ 56.0’’, 1,298 m; 1 male (HNHM, gen. prep.): KwaZuluNatal, NDrakensberg, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=29.226&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-28.960196" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 29.226/lat -28.960196)">RainbowGorge</a>, Jan 26–28, 2007, No. 39 – GPS29, S28° 57’ 36.7’’ E29° 13’ 33.6’’, 1,529 m, L. Papp &amp; M. Földvári; 1 male (HNHM): ibid., <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=29.226&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-28.960196" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 29.226/lat -28.960196)">Rainbow Gorge</a>, Jan 26–28, 2007, No. 39 – GPS29, S28° 57’ 36.7’’ E29° 13’ 33.6’’, 1,529 m, L. Papp &amp; M. Földvári; 1 male (HNHM): ibid., over along <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=29.385056&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-29.053528" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 29.385056/lat -29.053528)">Mpofane River</a>, Jan 29, No. 42 – GPS32, S29° 03’ 12.7’’ E29° 23’ 06.2’’, 1,531 m. 4 males (BMSA): Malaise trap (2), straddling <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=28.938917&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-28.6894" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 28.938917/lat -28.6894)">MahaiRiver</a> – RSA: KZN, RoyalNatalPark, MahaiRiverat: 28° 41.364’S 28° 56.335’E, 17–18.ii.2010, 1449m, A.H. Kirk- Spriggs – [blue] Entomology Dept.... – BMSA (D) 19944, 19945, 19947, 19948; 1 male 2 females (BMSA): <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=28.934717&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-28.7063" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 28.934717/lat -28.7063)">Malaisetrap</a>, Leucosedeadominatedscrub – [as above], Thendele, 1,600 m, 28° 42.378’S 28° 56.083’E, 15–17.ii.2010 – [blue] Entomol- ogy Dept.... – BMSA (D) 21554, 20817, 20772; 1 female (BMSA): RSA: KZN, Ndumo Game R., main camp at: 26° 54.652’S 32° 19.719’E, 27–30.xi.2009 – [blue] Entomology Dept.... – BMSA (D) 14915.</p> <p>Size (inmm): bodylength 1.88 (holotype), 1.85–1.94 (paratypes); winglength 1.95 (holotype), 1.84–1.96 (paratypes); wingwidth 0.87 (holotype), 0.78–0.88 (paratypes).</p> <p>Description. Male. Head. Fourpairsofinterfrontals (anteriorpairshort). Postocellar setadistinct, inclinate, notcrossing. Twolargelatero-clinatefronto-orbitalpairs, plussev- eralshortfronto-orbitalsetulaeonlowerhalfoforbits. Ocellar, outer, andinnerverticals, outerandinnerocellarpairsstrong. Parafacialiawiththin, 0.03–0.04 mmlongsetulae. First flagellomererounded. Arista 0.68 mm, ciliamax. 0.02 mm. Gena 0.15–0.16 mm, broadbeloweye. Vibrissamedium-long, 0.22–0.23 mm, firstperistomal 0.08–0.10 mm. Genalseta, 0.15–0.17 mmlong. Thorax. (1) 2–3 pairsofdorsocentrals, stronglyweakeninganteriorad. Prescutellarsetaverylong. Acrostichalsetaein 10 rowsanteriorly. Asinglestronglateral plusamedio-clinate ppnt present. Twonotoplauralpairs (posteriorpaironaconicalprotuberance), 1 truelongsupra- alar, apresutural pa andaposterior pa. Anteriorkatepisternal setashort (0.07 mm), posteriorpair 0.20 mm. Apicalscutellarsetaverylong (0.58–0.62 mm). Forelegnormal. Malemidtibiadistinctlycurved, ventro-apicalsetathick, 0.07 mmlong. Mid femur with an antero-ventral row of short thick setae on basal ¼, a sub-basal patch of dense, shortthicksetaeventrally; midfemurwitharowofanteriorsetae, subapicalone particularlythickandlong. Malemidtibiawitharowofthickblacksetae, ca. 0.03 mm. Mid tibialarmature: anterodorsalsat 16/43 (strong), 28/43 (short), 31/43 (strong), posterodorsals at 16/43,30/43 (strong). Sub-anteriorsetaeat 28/43 (weak) and 32/43 (strong). Alongpos- teriorapicalsetapresent. Femalemidtibiawithlongerventro-apicalseta (0.11–0.14 mm), withadistinctmidventralseta. Nodorsalpreapicalonhindtibia. Twocostagialsetaeof 0.175–0.19 mm, 2 perpendicularsetaebasaltoHu, andthreesetaeHu, longsetaeonCs1. SectionsCs2 andCs3, respectively 0.675 mmand 0.65 mm, costalratio 1.04. Crunstoapex of R 4+5. RM-MM section 0.27 mm, M-M cross- vein 0.12 mm. R 4+5 upcurving along entire length. Mslightlysigmoid, reachingwingmargin. Discalcelledged, Mextensionona</p> <p>1+2 3+4</p> <p>sectionlongerthanM-M. Alulaseparatedfromtherestofwingbyadeepincision, alulaca. 0.05 mm broad, with long medial cilia. Halter dark brown. Abdomen. Sternite 5 (Fig. 134) large, aratherlargecaudal, lesssclerotisedarea; sternite 5 withnumerouscaudalandsubcaudalsetae. Synsternitewithastructuredventralpartofsternite 6 portion (Figs 135–136): threelayersofstructuresmedially; abluntbifidscleritelessventrally, asmall, shortbut broadlamellamoreventrally, aforkedlamellawithshortbutbroadbasemostventrally. Epandriumopenventrally (Fig. 137), cercusconnectedtoepandriumbyanarrowneck. Subepandrial sclerite (Fig. 140) consisting of a long narrow sagittal part and a pair of lat- eralarmswithsimilarshape. Hypandrium (Fig. 138) stronglyfusedtoepandrium, medial apodeme (“rod”) asymmetrical, shortandbroad. Surstylus (Fig. 141) rathersmall, divide into three ventrally, caudal lobe with a narrow, digitiform process, two thick black thornlets. Basiphallus (Fig. 142) connectedtophallapodemebypostgonite; basiphallusrather small, broadeneddistallyintoasmallepiphallus. Distiphallus (Fig. 142) notlarge, numer- ousshortandmedium-longhairs, apicalpartnarrowedanddowncurved. Phallapodeme notbroadened. Postgonite (Fig. 139) largelyJ-shaped, withshortbutbroadbase, apical 3/5 anteriorlycurved, apexnarrowbutnotsharp.</p> <p>Female. Spermathecae (Fig. 143) globular, pairedspermathecaewithashortspecific sclerotisedduct, commonductalsoshort, withadistalbulb; sclerotisedductofthesingle spermathecasomewhatlonger. Nodiscerniblestructuresfoundonsurfaceofspermathecae.</p> <p>Etymology. Thespecificepithetofthenewspecies (Latin‘vulgaris’ = common) refers toitsabundance.</p> <p>Comments. Inordertorecognizedescribedspeciesthatcouldberelated to Phthitia vulgaris sp. n., we used MArShALL and Smith’ s (1992) key for the NewWorld, AtlanticandPacific Phthitia. Wereachcouplet 13 with Ph. v ulgar-</p> <p>Figs 134–143. Phthitia (Kimosina) vulgaris sp. n., malepostabdomenandgenitalia, andfemale spermathecae. 134 = male sternite 5, ventral view, 135 = ventral part of sternite 6 portion of the synsternite, ventral view, 136 = same, caudal view, 137 = ventral part of epandrium with cerci, caudal view, 138 = hypandrium, ventral view, 139 = postgonite, broadest (sublateral) view, 140 = subepandrialsclerite, anteriorview, 141 = surstylus, broadest (sublateral) view, 142 = phallusandphallapodemewithbaseofpostgonite, 143 = spermathecae.</p> <p>Scale bar: 0.2 mm for Figs 134–143</p> <p>is, but it then does not fit any of the alternatives. After couplet 18 (which seems to be the better choice), through couplets 19, 20, 21, and 22, we can reach two Nearcticspeciesthatdifferconsiderablyintheirmalegenitalstructurefrom Phthitia vulgaris sp. n. Features of some Phthitia species in that excellent paper fit this new species: e.g., the cercus of Ph. digistylus Marshall (fig. 63), or the subepandrialscleriteof Ph. nigrifacies Marshall (fig. 130). Indeed, noveryclose relativeseemstobepresentamongthespeciesinMArShALLandSmith (1992).</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03CA1820FF845F451C0C5F7CFBE0D4BE	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Papp, László	Papp, László (2017): Twenty New Species Of Fifteen Genera Of The Afrotropical Sphaeroceridae (Diptera). Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 63 (4): 377-427, DOI: 10.17109/AZH.63.4.377.2017, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.17109/azh.63.4.377.2017
03CA1820FF875F4B1C825DF4FDADD6C1.text	03CA1820FF875F4B1C825DF4FDADD6C1.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Piliterga africana	<div><p>Piliterga africana sp. n.</p> <p>(Figs 144–151)</p> <p>Holotype (HNHM): male, Nigeria [BauchiState]: Yankari (onlabelincorrectlyYangui) Reserve, Wikki – Aug. 15, 1978, leg. A. Demeter, No. 22 [buffalo dung from previous night].</p> <p>Paratypes (HNHM): 9 males, 22 females: samedataasholotype; 1 female: ibid., Aug. 3, 1978, leg. A. Demeter, No. 2 [severaldaysoldelephantdung]; 1 female: ibid., Aug. 14, No. 16 [fresh buffalo dung]; 1 male: ibid., Aug. 14, No. 17 [buffalo dung from the previous night]; 1 male 1 female: ibid., Aug. 14, No. 18 [hippo dung from previous night]. 3 males (1 withgen. prep.) 1 female: TANZANIA: Morogororegion, MikumiNationalPark, Mikumi Tented Camp – Netting over excrement of elephant, Feb 1, 1987, leg. S. Mahunka – T. Pócs – A. Zicsi, No. 8. (The specimens in the HNHM are defected and wrinkled since they were pinned from alcohol, where they were preserved for a decade.)</p> <p>Paratypes (BMSA): 1 male (gen. prep.) 1 female: Malaisetraps, Ficusforest – RSA: KZN, Ndumo Game R., <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=32.22885&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-26.86875" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 32.22885/lat -26.86875)">Shokwe area</a> at: 26° 52.125’S, 32° 13.731’E, 30.xi.–4.xii.2009, A. H. Kirk- Spriggs – [blue] EntomologyDept. NationalMuseum, P.O. Box 266, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa – BMSA (D) 16589 / 16107.</p> <p>Size (inmm): bodylength 1.38 (holotype), 1.31–1.42 (paratypes); winglength 1.23 (holotype), 1.21–1.56 (paratypes); wingwidth 0.59 (holotype), 0.57–0.63 (paratypes).</p> <p>Deascription. Male. Bodycolourlightbrown, anteriorhalfoffrons, humeralcallus, pleura (partly) andlegs, reddishyellow. Head, thoraxandlegs (including 5 setaeonmid tibia) asin P. thaii. Facialplateconcaveinprofile, mouthedgeupturned. Anteriorhalfof frons reddish yellow. Longitudinal diameter of eye 0.23–0.24 mm, gena below eye, 0.10 mm. Parafacialiaindistinctwidthwithconspicuous (0.04 mmlong) hairs. Four (rightside) orfive (leftside) ratherlonginterfrontals. Headsetaestrong (includingouterandinner occipitals), postocellarseta 0.05 mmorevenlonger. Vibrissa 0.15 mm, firstperistomalseta 0.06–0.07 mm. Genalsetastrong, 0.10–0.11 mmlong. Scapeweak, broaderthanlong, with a 0.05 mmlongmedialseta. Pedicelconical, withlongsetae, dorsalsetaof 0.08 mm. First flagellomere wider than long (length 0.09 mm; width 0.11 mm), much longer than pedicel, with a conical (but not sharp) dorsal apex. Arista 0.54 mm long. A second, reduced postpronotalsetadiscernible. Thoracicsetae, including 2ndnotopleural (orlateralpresutural) strong. Asecondanteriordorsocentralpairalsodeveloped. Prescutellaracrostichal setaverylong, 0.15 mm. Anteriorkatepisternalsetashort (0.05 mm), posterior kepst long, 0.18–0.20 mm. Wing clear, veins light brown. Sub-basal seta on C 0.12 mm. Second costal section (paratype) 0.30 mm, thirdsection 0.42 mm, costalratio 0.72. Rtermin 4+5 atesatwing apex. RM-MM section of M 1+2 0.14 mm, M-M crossvein 0.09 (0.08) mm. Discal cell edgy, but Mmo 3+4 stlynotcontinueddistallyorvisibleasacolourlessfoldof 0.12–0.15 mm. Analvein angled. Alula very narrow but apex narrowly rounded. Mid tibia with antero-dorsals at 4/15, at 2/3, postero-dorsals at 2/6, 4/5, a more dorsal at 5/6. No mid ventral seta. Both ventro-apical and anterior apical setae strong. Abdomen. Longest setae on second abdominal tergite (Fig. 144) 2/3 as long as T 1+2 combined (4/5 as long as in P. thaii, cf. PAPP 2008 a: fig. 31). Tergites 2 to 4 not so reduced. Sternite 5 (Fig. 145) long, elongated into a caudal stripe with ca. 8 long setae, continued into a transverse short setose caudal process (Fig. 146, cf. PAPP 2008 a: fig. 36), with apex more caudal than that of tergite 5. Caudal edge of sternite Figs 144–151. Piliterga africana sp. n., male abdomen and genitalia. 144 = male tergite 1 and 2, dorsal view, 145 = sternite 5, ventral view, 146 = caudal part of sternite 5 in higher magnification, 147 = epandrial complex with right surstylus, medial (inner) view, 148 = surstylus, in broadest view, 149 = postgonite, lateral view, 150 = distiphallus, lateral view, 151 = distiphallus, ventral view. Scale bar: 0.2 mm for Figs 144–145, 0.1 mm for Figs 146–151 5 withshortblackpegsin 2 rows. Sternite 6 portionofsynsterniteextendinganteriorly, notcaudally; sternite 6 andsternite 7 portionswithtwostrongsetaeeach, sternite 6 setae longer. Sternite 7 and 8 portions strongly fused, free part of sternite 7 medially curved with anincurvedsclerite. Ventro-posterioredgeofepandrium (Fig. 147) squareorwithashort projection. Caudalandventraledgesofepandriumwithdark, thicksclerotisation, discernibleininner (medial) view (Fig. 147). Surstylus (Figs 147–148) 3-lobed. Lobesofsurstylus movableinrelationtoits “body”, sorelativepositionsnotentirelyfixed; setoseventrallobe stronglymedio-clinate. Postgonite (Fig. 149) broad-based, apical 3/7; anteriorlycurved, with 2 small blunt apices; anterior edge of postgonite with 2 pairs of strong dorsally directedsetae. Postgoniteincavityofsurstylus. Phallapodemelongerandwithoutdorsal ridgemedially. Distiphalluswithapaireddarkdorsalprocess, recurvedoneinsagittal plane (Figs 150–151), withapairofapicalventrallobeswithshorthairs.</p> <p>Etymology. ThespecificepithetofthisnewspeciesreferstoitstypelocalityinAfrica.</p> <p>Comments. The genus Piliterga was described based on a single Oriental species, P. thaii L. Papp, 2008. Theoriginaldescription (PAPP 2008 a: 63) already mentioned that “[in] the collection of the HNHM there is another species of thegenusfromtheAfrotropicalregion (Tanzania, Nigeria)... describedelsewhere”, which is the species described here. The thin recurved dorsal process ofdistiphallusseemstobeastrongsynapomorphyofthegenus. Angleofanal vein in Piliterga africana sp. n. not as strongly as in species of Coproica. In P. thaii, differently from P. africana sp. n., the sternite 7 portion of the synsternite has only, but longer than those of sternite 6 portion. Also, in P. africana sp. n. theventralcaudaledgeofepandriumisroundedandthesurstylusis 3-lobed, differently from that of P. thaii.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03CA1820FF875F4B1C825DF4FDADD6C1	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Papp, László	Papp, László (2017): Twenty New Species Of Fifteen Genera Of The Afrotropical Sphaeroceridae (Diptera). Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 63 (4): 377-427, DOI: 10.17109/AZH.63.4.377.2017, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.17109/azh.63.4.377.2017
03CA1820FF895F491CA3583CFDD3D1B2.text	03CA1820FF895F491CA3583CFDD3D1B2.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Setositibiella secunda	<div><p>Setositibiella secunda sp. n.</p> <p>(Figs 152–159)</p> <p>Holotype (BMSA): male, Malaisetraps, Circumguineanforest, BURUNDI: Bururi Prov., <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=29.507584&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-4.09915" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 29.507584/lat -4.09915)">Réserve Naturelle Forestière de Kigwena</a>, 04° 05.949’S, 29° 30.455’E, 17–20.xi. 2010, 810m, A. H. Kirk- Spriggs – [blue] EntomologyDept. NationalMuseum, P.O.Box 266, Bloemfontein 9300, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=29.507584&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-4.09915" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long 29.507584/lat -4.09915)">South Africa</a> – BMSA (D) 24401.</p> <p>Size (in mm): body length 2.36 (holotype), wing length 2.14; wing width 0.97.</p> <p>Description. Male. Black, onlymidandhindtarsiblackish. Scutumandscutellum granulated, sub-shiny. Scutellum very large. Width of head 0.65 mm, width of thorax 0.69 mm, width of scutellum 0.48 mm, length of scutellum 0.30 mm. Frons short and broad, twicewiderthanlong. Facialplate (prefrons) shiny, ashallowconcavegroovebelowantenna. Three pairs of medium-long interfrontals, anterior fronto-orbital thin, short lateroclinate, slightlyproclinate, posteriorpairstrong (0.23 mm). Allocellar, outerandinner verticalsetaestrong. Postocellarsminute, occi weak, swellseparatefromeachother. Both outerandinneroccipitalsetaethin, only 1/3 aslongasverticals. Scapeandpedicelyellow, firstflagellomeredarkgrey. Eyelarge, genanarrow, 0.05 mmbroadbeloweye, vibrissa long, 0.23 mm. Setaeonpedicelparticularlystrong, dorsalsubapicalsetaof 0.12 mm. First flagellomere about twice higher than long, arista extremely long, 1.00 mm with 0.03 mm longcilia. Longestciliaonfirstflagellomere 0.04 mm. Onepostpronotal, twonotopleurals (posteriorpaironaconicaltuberance), 1 verylonglateralpost-alar, 1 shortpost-alarat intra- alarline, twopairsofstrongdorsocentrals. Scutellarsstrong, apicalpairof 0.42 mm. Wingcomparativelyshort, rounded. Membranelightbrown, costalareadarker, veins ochre. Veinsratherthick (radials 0.015 mm), setulaeonmembranelong. Costalveinoverruns/surpasses apex of R 4+5 by 0.03–0.04 mm. Cs2 0.69 mm, Cs3 0.53, costal index, 1.29. M 1+2 not reaching wing margin, RM-MM 0.18 mm, M-M cross- vein 0.11 mm. Discal cell without appendagesofMveins. Alulasmall, verynarrowwithlong (0.05 mm) ciliaapicallyand medially. Midtibialarmaturestrong, ventrallywithseverallongsetaeof 0.15–0.18 mm, plusarowofshortthickblackthornletsventrally. Maleventro-apicalseta, 0.08 mmlong. Antero-dorsal setae at 20/46, 38/46 (both very long, 0.18 mm) and at 14/46, postero-dorsals at 25/46, 36/46, a short dorsal at 33/46. Hind tibia with a 0.42 mm long dorsal preapical seta. Clawsnormal. Maleabdominalsternites 3 to 5 verycharacteristic (Fig. 152): sternite 3 long, with two pairs of strong setae. Sternite 4 on a smaller medial part, sternite 5 on a largemedio-caudalpartbearingalesssclerotisedandmelanisedareaeach. Medio-caudal partofsternite 5 withasmallsclerotisedstructureofseveralsmalllamellaebetterseen in higher magnification. Ventral part of epandrium (Fig. 153) with cerci fused sagittally whichbear 4 pairsoflongthickblackthorns; cercuswithoutventralprocess. Subepandrial scleritedefinitelyhigh. Hypandrium (Fig. 154) robust, withslightlyasymmetricalarms andanasymmetricalrightwardscurvedmedialappendage. Surstylus (Figs 155–156) with caudalloberathernarrow, bare, mediallobeshort, apicallobebroaderandshorter. Phal- lapodeme (Fig. 159) small, basiphallusshorter, distiphallusdifferentlyshaped. Postgonite (Figs 157–158) with a caudal lobe on apical third, apex broadened, curvature on apical third (in anterior/caudal view) much stronger.</p> <p>Etymology. ThespecificepithetofthisnewspeciesisfromtheLatinname‘secundus’</p> <p>(second), referring to the fact, that this is the second known species of the genus.</p> <p>Comments. S. secunda sp. n. is actually differing from the type species of the genus by the details of the male genitalia as demonstrated in the description above. The mid tibial armature as strong as in S. terrestris. Sternite 3 about twice longer than in S. terrestris and it bears not 1 but 2 pairs of strong setae (cf. PAPP 2008 a: fig. 287). The medio-caudal part of sternite 5 with a small sclerotised structure very different from that of S. terrestris, cf. PAPP 2008 a: fig. 286). The cercus without a ventral process is similar to S. terrestris. The subepandrialscleritedefinitelyhigherthanthatof S. terrestris (PAPP 2008 a: fig. 290). The shape of the surstylus of S. secunda is very different from the surstylus of S. terrestris (PAPP 2008 a: figs 293–294). The phallapodeme (Fig. 159) much smaller than in S. terrestris (PAPP 2008 a: fig. 291). The postgonite differs from that of S. terrestris (PAPP 2008 a: figs 291–292) in details: it has a caudal, notananteriorlobeatdistalthird.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03CA1820FF895F491CA3583CFDD3D1B2	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Papp, László	Papp, László (2017): Twenty New Species Of Fifteen Genera Of The Afrotropical Sphaeroceridae (Diptera). Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 63 (4): 377-427, DOI: 10.17109/AZH.63.4.377.2017, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.17109/azh.63.4.377.2017
03CA1820FF8B5F4F1C9958C9FD9ED1EA.text	03CA1820FF8B5F4F1C9958C9FD9ED1EA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Spelobia foldvarii	<div><p>Spelobia foldvarii sp. n.</p> <p>(Figs 160–165)</p> <p>Holotype (HNHM): male, TANZANIA: Morogororegion, MikumiNationalPark, Mikumi Tented Camp – Netting over excrement of elephant, Feb 1, 1987, leg. S. Mahunka – T. Pócs – A. Zicsi, No. 8.</p> <p>Paratypes (HNHM): 10 males (2 maleswithgen. prep.) 2 females: samelabelsasfor theholotype.</p> <p>Size (inmm): bodylength 1.92 (holotype), 1.82–1.96 (paratypes); winglength 1.93 (holotype), 1.76–1.95 (paratypes); wingwidth 0.86 (holotype), 0.82–0.94 (paratypes).</p> <p>Description. Head. 3–4 strong interfrontals (differing on both sides of same specimens, includingholotype), 1 shortinterfrontalsetajustabovelunule. Numerousorbital setulae on anterior 3/5 of orbits. Two upper orbitals, outer and inner vertical pairs strong andthick, outerandinneroccipitalsstrongandthick, ca. 0.15 mmlong, postocellarpair Figs 160–165. Spelobia foldvarii sp. n., male postabdomen and genitalia. 160 = sternite 5, ventralview (outset: caudalpartinhighmagnification), 161 = subepandrialscleritewiththe cercalpartofepandrium, anteriorview, 162 = hypandrium, ventralview, 163 = basiphal- lus, lateralview, 164 = surstylus, inbroadest (sublateral) view, 165 = postgonitewithphal-</p> <p>lapodeme, lateral view. Scale bar: 0.2 mm for Fig 160, 0.1 mm for the rest weaker. Aristawithlong, 0.025–0.03 mmcilia, apicalciliaonfirstflagellomere, 0.025 mm long. Presuturalacrostichalsatmost 0.10 mm (brokenmostofthetypespecimens); two pairsofstrongdorsocentrals, acrostichalsinca. 10 irregularrowsanteriorly; onlytwopairs ofscutellars, noadditionalsetulaeonscutellum. Asinglestrong (0.20–0.22 mmlong) pos- teriorkatepisternmalseta, oneshort 0.045–0.05 mmanteriorkatepisternalpresent. Anteriorfemurofmalesimple. Antero-dorsalsetaeonmidtibiaat 12/49 (short), 18/49 (strong), 31/49 (medium-long), 36/49 (strong), 44/49 (medium); a long rather dorsal seta at 40/49; postero-dorsalsetaeat 14/49 (weak), 22/49 (weak), 40/49 (strong). Astrongmedio-ventral setaat 29/49. Foretarsiblackandstrongly, flattened. Midtarsiblack, notparticularlymodified, 0.30–0.31 mm, withmedium-longanteroventralandposteroventralrowsofsetaeof similarlength. Hindtarsidark, extremelyflattened. Clawsthin. Wingmembranelight brown, veins ochre or light brown. Second costal section 0.63 mm, third section 0.54 mm, RM-MM section of M 1+2 0.25 mm, M-M cross- vein 0.12 mm. Alula narrow, only 0.07–0.08 mm wide. Male sternite 5 (Fig. 160) rather long, with a limited number of long setae. Sternite 5 medio-caudallywithnumerousshortblackpegsinfourrowsatoutsetofcaudal part in high magnification. Cercal part of epandrium without any cercal projection (Fig. 161). Subepandrialscleriteventrallyalignedwithventraledgeofcercalpartofepandrium (Fig. 161). Hypandrium (Fig. 162) withextremelybroadmedialpart. Basiphallus (Fig. 163) stronglynarrowedventrally. Surstylus (Fig. 164) uniqueforitslongsetaeandhairyapex; ventral thorn on a conical protuberance. Phallapodeme without a dorsal ridge. Postgonite (Fig. 165) wider on basal half.</p> <p>Etymology. ThisspeciesisnamedtothehonourofDr. MihályFöldvári, whowas my partner on several exotic expeditions, and contributed much to the Collection of the HungarianNaturalHistoryMuseum.</p> <p>Comments. Spelobiafoldvarii sp. n. keysintocouplet 13 inRohÁčeK’s (1983) keytotheEuropeanspeciesof Spelobia. However, noEuropeanspecies seems to be directly related to S. foldvarii sp. n. The four rows of pegs on the medio-caudalpartofmalesternite 5 ischaracteristic, althoughe.g. S. palmata or S. simplicipes have more than 2 rows of pegs there. The basiphallus of the newspeciesisstronglynarrowedventrallyinprofile, auniquecharacterin Spelobia. Theshapeandarmatureofthesurstylusalonewouldbeenoughto recognize this species. The thoracic chaetotaxy of S. foldvarii is as in the other species of Spelobia. In S. foldvarii the postgonite is much wider on basal half thanintheEuropeanspecies.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03CA1820FF8B5F4F1C9958C9FD9ED1EA	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Papp, László	Papp, László (2017): Twenty New Species Of Fifteen Genera Of The Afrotropical Sphaeroceridae (Diptera). Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 63 (4): 377-427, DOI: 10.17109/AZH.63.4.377.2017, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.17109/azh.63.4.377.2017
03CA1820FF8D5F521CB25901FCCFD5E1.text	03CA1820FF8D5F521CB25901FCCFD5E1.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Terrilimosina improvisa	<div><p>Terrilimosina improvisa sp. n.</p> <p>(Figs 166–173)</p> <p>Holotype (HNHM): male, CONGO, Kindamba, 5. XI. 1963, No. 109, J. Balogh – A. Zicsi. Paratypemale (HNHM, abdomen, midandhindlegspreparedandkeptinaplastic microvialwithglycerol): samedataasholotype.</p> <p>Size (inmm): bodylength 1.94 (holotype), 1.83 (paratype); winglength 1.73 (holotype), 1.69 (paratype); wingwidth 0.73 (holotype), 0.71 (paratype).</p> <p>Description. Male. Head. Facialplatedeeplyconcaveinprofile, with 2 largedeep impressions. Antennalbasesbroadlyseparated. 3 verylongpairsofinterfrontals. Both pairsoffronto-orbitalsstrong, plusseveralshortfronto-orbitalsetaepresent. Allouterand innerverticals, outerandinneroccipitalpairsverystrong. Postocularpairhardlydiscernible. Scape minute, with a 0.05 mm long medial seta. Pedicel large, conical, with a circlet oflongapicalsetaeand 3 ca. 0.10 mmlongdorsalsetae. Firstflagellomerewithlong (0.03 mm) cilia. Aristawithlongciliaofsimilarlength. Eyestronglyreduced, itslongitudinal diameter 0.22 mm, genabeloweye 0.15 mmbroad. Parafacialiabroad, witharowof 3–4 166, 167, 0.2 mm for Fig 168, 0.1 mm for Figs 169–173</p> <p>setulae of 0.05–0.07 mm. Vibrissa strong, 0.26 mm (from base to tip), medially curved. Peristomals thin, not longer than 0.05 mm. No strong genal seta, but only some thin setulae onventralhalfofgena. Onlyonepairofdorsocentralsetae, othersetaealongdorsocentral line, hardlylongerthanacrosticals; twopairsoflongscutellars, apicalscutellarseta, 0.50 mmlong. Onepostpronotal, twonotoplaurals (posterioroneonacallus), onepre-sutural, onesupra- alar, twopostalars (lateralone 0.28 mmlong). Onepairofverystrongkatepisternalseta. Wingmembranelightbrownish, veinsochre, costalveindarker. ApexofR 4+5 neartoapexofwing. Discalcelldistallyrounded, nocontinuationofMdi 3+4 scernible. RM to MM 0.31 mm, crossvein M-M 0.11 mm. Alula large, apex rounded. Two 0.12– 0.12 mm longsub-basalsetaeoncosta, costalsetaeonfirstsection 0.06 mmlong. Second / third costalsections 0.66 mm / 0.60 mm, ratio 1.10. Halterlightbrown. Thoraciccalyptrawith extremelylong (0.15 mm) cilia. Legsbrown, withoutpeculiarmodifications. Maleforefemur simple. Male mid tibia without strong ventral, but a row of black thorns of ca. 0.03 mm. Midbasitarsus / 2ndtarsomere, 0.285 / 0.19 mm; hindbasitarsus / 2ndtarsomere 0.15 / 0.275 mm. Mid tibial armature: anterodorsals at 13/52, 27/52 (both medium long), a very long (0.15 mm), nearlydorsalat 43/52, posterodorsalat 40/52. Allclawsnormal (Fig. 166). Malepostabdomenandgenitalia. Sternite 5 (Fig. 167) rathersimple, apical 3/4 coveredby medium-long setae. Ventral part of sternite 6 portion of synsternite (Fig. 168), with a flat, broadU-shapedsclerite. Synsternite (Fig. 169) withrathersmallsternite 8 portion, medial edgeofsternite 7 portionrounded. Subepandrialsclerite, withlargerightsidescelerites (see PAPP 2008 a). Epandrium large, convex; cercal part of epandrium very short, edgy (Fig. 173). Subepandrialsclerite (coveredonFig. 173), shortandbroad. Surstylus (Figs 171–172) characteristic, withapairoflobes, anteriorlobedigitiform, with 4 apicalsetae (Fig. 172), caudallobelarger, withtwostrongblackthornslaterallyandwithacombofsevenblack thornsmedio-apically. Postgonite (Fig. 170) verybroadbasally, anteriorcontourwidely rounded, apicalthirdstronglynarrowed, withanarrowlyroundedapex.</p> <p>Femaleunknown.</p> <p>Etymology. The specific epithet of this new species refers to the unexpected occurrence of this genus in the Afrotropical Region.</p> <p>Comments. RohÁčeK (1983) revisedtheEuropeanspeciesandMArShALL (1985), theNearcticspecies. ForthespeciesfromChinaandJapan (probably also with Oriental distribution), see Su and Liu (2009). No new species from EuropeorAfricahavebeendescribedsincethen. Thisnewspeciesseemsto showsomesimilaritieswiththeEuropeanspecies. T. improvisa seemstobe closer to T. rakovitzai and to T. sudetica in the U-shaped lamella in their ventral partofsternite 6 portion. Actually, itisquitesurprisingthatthisterricolous Afrotropicalspecies (whichhabitsareclearlysuggestedbythefifthtarsomer- esandclaws, Fig. 166) andaHolarctic, mainlycavernicolousspecies, showsto becloselyrelated. Thereare, however, distinctivecharacters, astheU-shaped lamella of sternite 6 portion with a narrower gap than the arms (different from T. racovitzai), apicalnarrowedpartofpostgoniteshorter, notparallel (cf. RohÁčeK 1983: fig. 139). Thesurstylusofthetwospeciesaresimilar, butthe anterior lobe of the new species is shorter, with no gap between the lobes (cf. RohÁčeK 1983: fig. 140), posteriorlobelessmedio-clinate.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03CA1820FF8D5F521CB25901FCCFD5E1	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Papp, László	Papp, László (2017): Twenty New Species Of Fifteen Genera Of The Afrotropical Sphaeroceridae (Diptera). Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 63 (4): 377-427, DOI: 10.17109/AZH.63.4.377.2017, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.17109/azh.63.4.377.2017
