identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03CB9E73FFD8C22E1FE0FAECCEE637B5.text	03CB9E73FFD8C22E1FE0FAECCEE637B5.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Centris (Xanthemisia) aethiops Cresson 1865	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Centris (Xanthemisia) aethiops Cresson, 1865</p>
            <p>(Figures 1–4 and 13)</p>
            <p> Centris aethiops Cresson, 1865 . 4: 193 (Original description). Gerstaecker, 1867. 33: 320 (List). Alayo, 1973: 213 (List, distribution). Genaro, 2008. 52: 9 (Distribution, bionomy). </p>
            <p> Centris armillatus Cresson, 1869 . 2: 298 (Original description). Alayo, 1973: 213 (List, distribution). Genaro, 2007. 40: 251 (Cited). </p>
            <p> Centris armillata Friese, 1900 . 15: 268 (Amended spelling of the specific name). </p>
            <p> Centris (Xanthemisia) aethiops, Moure et al., 2007: 133 (Catalogue, distribution). Genaro, 2007. 40: 251 (List, distribution, synonymy). Pérez-Gelabert, 2008. 1831: 244 (List). </p>
            <p> Centris dominguensis [sic], Genaro, 2007. 40: 251 (Cited as new junior synonym, distribution (partim)). </p>
            <p> Centris thoracica, Genaro, 2007 . 40: 251 (Cited as new junior synonym, distribution (partim)). </p>
            <p>Taxonomic decision for synonymy: Snelling (1966).</p>
            <p> Type material.  Centris aethiops : Holotype female (( ANSP), examined).  Centris armillatus : Holotype male (IES), not examined. </p>
            <p> Type locality.  Centris aethiops : Cuba.  C. armillata : Cuba. </p>
            <p>Redescription. Female (Figs. 1 and 2): Measurements: Approximate body length: 14.8; head width: 4.7; forewing length: 11.3; F1 length: 1.0; F2 length: 0.2; F3 length: 0.3; mandible length: 2.2; mandible basal width: 1.1; thorax width: 6.1. Coloration: Dark brown (Figs. 1 and 2), lighter on legs. Wing membranes light brown with dark brown veins (Fig. 2). Integument and sculpture surface: Integument very shiny, mainly on the metasoma. Clypeus with coarse, dense and relatively uniform punctation, finely areolate on disc. Labrum with finer and denser punctation than the clypeus. Terga with very dense punctation, uniformly distributed on the tergites and with smooth distal margins. T2 with finer and denser punctures than the other terga. Pubescence: Dark brown (Figs. 1 and 2), slightly lighter on the lower edge of the pronotal lobe. Clypeal disc with short and sparse pilosity. Labrum with dense and plumose hairs, with some longer and simple hairs curved downward intermixed. Terga mainly with short and simple pubescence mixed with long and branched hairs on T1 and on the sides of the distal terga. Prepygidial fimbria slightly semicircular, with coarse and mostly simple hairs. Structures: Flabellum elliptic slightly projected forward. Maxillary palpus with four palpomeres (2nd&gt;3rd&gt;1st≥4th). Mandible with five teeth, all with apices acute except the third with apex slightly rounded (Fig. 1). Trimmal angle almost absent. Acetabular carina reaching the base of the third tooth. Clypeus strongly convex (lateral view) (Fig. 2). Labrum semicircular with truncated distal edge and flat disc (Fig. 1). Vertex above the upper ocular tangent (Fig. 1). Inner orbits of compound eyes converging below (Fig. 1). Distance between the lateral ocellus and the eye more than three times the diameter of the median ocellus (Fig. 1). Fore elaiospathe with the secondary anterior comb formed by three giant hairs. Hind elaiospathe with the hairs of the primary anterior comb forming a continuous structure. Primary basitibial plate elliptic, smooth and shiny, with secondary plate lanceolate. Claws with preapical tooth, poorly developed.</p>
            <p>Male (Figs. 3 and 4): Measurements: Approximate body length: 14.2; head width: 4.9; forewing length: 12.3; F1 length: 0.9; F2 length: 0.2; F3 length: 0.3; mandible length: 1.7; mandible basal width: 1.0; thorax width: 6.2. Coloration: Integument dark brown, slightly lighter on clypeus, labrum and legs (Figs. 3 and 4). F2 to F11 and apex of F1 orange brown, darker on the ventral surface of the flagellomeres. Wing membranes and veins light brown, without iridescence (Fig. 4). Integument and sculpture surface: Shiny, mainly on the metasoma. Clypeus with coarse, dense and relatively uniform punctation over the entire surface (Fig. 3). Labrum with fine and very dense punctation (Fig. 3). Terga with very dense punctation distributed evenly on each tergite. T2 with denser and finer punctation than that of the other terga. Pubescence: Dark brown, except the anterior half of the mesoscutum and the anterior half of the tegula with yellowish hairs, not reaching the pronotal lobe (Fig. 4). Lateroposterior area, near the tegula with some brown and yellowish hairs intermixed. Lower edge of the pronotal lobe with short yellowish hairs. Terga with mainly short and simple pubescence, with some long and branched hairs mixed on T1 and on the sides of the distal tergites. Distal tarsus of middle leg with a tuft of plumose hairs at the base of the posterior claw. Hind leg with a tuft of plumose hairs at the base of both claws. Structures: Mandible with three teeth (Fig. 3). Apical tooth larger than the other two, subequal in size (Fig. 3). Second tooth closer to the third than to the apical tooth (Fig. 3). Acetabular carina reaching the base of the third tooth (Fig. 3). Trimmal angle poorly developed, almost absent. Clypeal disc convex (lateral view) (Fig. 4). Labrum semicircular (Fig. 3) with slightly concave longitudinally disc. Vertex below the upper ocular tangent (Fig. 3). Inner orbits of compound eyes converging above (Fig. 3). Distance between the lateral ocellus and the eye shorter than the diameter of the median ocellus (Fig. 3). Hind femur widened. Claws with preapical tooth.</p>
            <p> Distribution (Fig. 13). BAHAMAS (Genaro, 2007): * LONG ISLAND: Simms. CUBA (Cresson, 1865, 1869, 1916; Ashmead, 1900; Friese, 1900, 1902; Cockerell, 1906; Lutz &amp; Cockerell, 1920; Snelling, 1966): *(¤) CAMAGÜEY: Nuevitas. San Jacinto. *(¤) GRANMA: Belic. Bosque de Castillo. GUANTÁNAMO: San Carlos (Snelling, 1966). LA HABANA: Cojímar (Alayo, 1973). *La Habana (Triscornia). MATANZAS: Varadero (Alayo, 1973). (†)Península Hicacos. OLGUÍN: Moa (Alayo, 1973). (¤)El Johnson. (†)Gran Tierra.  SANTIAGO DE CUBA:  Santiago de Cuba (Alayo, 1973; Genaro, 2008). (†¤)Ciudamar. (¤)La Gran Piedra. (†)Siboney. * JAMAICA: TRELAWNY: Trelawny. </p>
            <p> Material examined. CUBA: 1 female: 109 ♀\ Cuba.\ HoloTYPE 2623 (ANSP). 1 female:  Centris aethiops ♀ det Friese, 1898 Cuba Cr.\ Coll. Friese (ZMB). LA HABANA: Triscornia Habana Cuba 16.XI.1924 Col: F. Z. Cervera (DZUP). BAHAMAS: LONG ISLAND: 1 male and 1 female: Bahamas: Long Island, Simms 10-VIII- 1936, J. Pearson\ CR Col (CRBC). JAMAICA: TRELAWNY: 1 female: Jamaica Trelawny\ Miss Perkins collector (DZUP). </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03CB9E73FFD8C22E1FE0FAECCEE637B5	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Vivallo, Felipe	Vivallo, Felipe (2014): Revision of the species of Centris (Xanthemisia) Moure, 1945 (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Centridini) from the Caribbean islands. Zootaxa 3821 (1), DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3821.1.4
03CB9E73FFDEC22C1FE0FAE7CA25366D.text	03CB9E73FFDEC22C1FE0FAE7CA25366D.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Centris (Xanthemisia) caymanensis	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Centris (Xanthemisia) caymanensis new species</p>
            <p>(Figures 5–8 and 13)</p>
            <p> Centris sp, Askew, 1994: 352 (Probable identity). </p>
            <p> Diagnosis. Morphologically,  Centris caymanensis new species is similar to  C. aethiops . The females of both species differ by the coloration of the pilosity of the anterior surface of the mesoscutum (dark brown with orange hairs in  C. caymanensis new species ; completely dark brown in  C. aethiops ) and by the punctation of the clypeus (with denser punctation towards the lower edge and with an irregular longitudinal impunctate area on the upper half of the disc in  C. caymanensis new species ; with uniform punctation in  C. aethiops ). Males of both species can be distinguished by the coloration of the pubescence of the mesoscutum (orange or yellowish brown in  C. caymanensis new species ; with yellow pilosity on the anterior margin in  C. aethiops ), by the punctation of the clypeus (with sparse punctures on disc, at least in the upper half in  C. caymanensis new species ; with punctures uniformly distributed in  C. aethiops ), by the shape of the clypeal disc (in lateral view) (concave in the upper and convex in the lower half in  C. caymanensis new species ; convex in  C. aethiops ) and by the distance between the lateral ocellus and the eye relative to the diameter of the median ocellus (longer in  C. caymanensis new species ; shorter in  C. aethiops ). </p>
            <p>Description. Female (Figs. 5 and 6): Measurements: Approximate body length: 15.0; head width: 4.8; forewing length: 11.0; F1 length: 0.9; F2 length: 0.2; F3 length: 0.3; mandible length: 2.3; mandible basal width: 1.1; thorax width: 6.2. Coloration: Dark brown (Figs. 5 and 6), lighter in legs. Wing membranes light brown with dark brown veins (Fig. 6) and bluish iridescence. Integument and sculpture surface: Very shiny, mainly on the metasoma. Clypeus with coarse and dense punctation, denser towards the lower edge (Fig. 5) and with an irregular unpunctated longitudinal area on the disc. Labrum with fine, dense and uniform punctation (Fig. 5). Terga with very fine and dense punctation, dispersed on the distal half of each tergite and with smooth distal edges. T2 with denser and finer punctation than that of the other terga. Pubescence: Dark brown with yellowish brown hairs on the lateroanterior surface of the mesoscutum and light brown on the lower edge of the pronotal lobe (Figs. 5 and 6). Clypeal disc with short and mostly simple hairs. Labrum with branched and dense pilosity, with long, simple and curved downward hairs intermixed. Terga with short and simple pilosity mixed with some long and branched hairs on T1 and on the lateral sides of the distal tergites. Prepygidial fimbria slightly semicircular with coarse and mostly simple hairs. Structures: Flabellum elliptic with the anterior edge projected forward. Maxillary palpus with four palpomeres (2nd&gt;3rd&gt;1st&gt;4th). Mandible with five teeth with acute apices (except third with apex slightly truncate) (Fig. 5). Trimmal angle acute, poorly developed. Acetabular carina reaching the base of the third tooth (Fig. 5). Clypeus strongly convex (lateral view). Labrum semicircular (Fig. 5) with flat disc and truncated distal edge. Vertex above the upper ocular tangent (Fig. 5). Inner orbits of compound eyes converging below (Fig. 5). Distance between the lateral ocellus and the eye more than three times the diameter of the median ocellus (Fig. 5). Fore elaiospathe with the secondary anterior comb formed by three giant hairs. Hind elaiospathe with the hairs of the primary anterior comb forming a continuous structure. Primary basitibial plate elliptical, smooth and shiny, with secondary plate lanceolate. Claws with preapical tooth poorly developed, mainly in the hind leg.</p>
            <p>Male (Figs. 7 and 8): Measurements: Approximate body length: 14.1; head width: 4.9; forewing length: 11.8; F1 length: 0.9; F2 length: 0.2; F3 length: 0.3; mandible length: 1.7; mandible basal width: 0.9; thorax width: 5.8. Coloration: Dark brown (Figs. 7 and 8), lighter on legs and sterna. Flagellum (except F1) light brown, darker on the posterior surface and lighter on F2. Wing membranes and veins light brown, without iridescence (Fig. 8). Integument and sculpture surface: Very shiny, mainly on the metasoma. Clypeus finely areolate on the center of the disc, with coarse punctation, slightly dispersed on the upper margin (Fig. 7). Labrum with fine and dense punctation, denser than of the clypeus (Fig. 7). Terga with dense and very fine punctation, slightly more dispersed towards the distal margin of each tergite. T2 with finer and denser punctures than that of the other terga. Terga with smooth distal margin. Pubescence: Dark brown, except mesoscutum, lateroposterior margin of the mesoscutellum and anterior margin of the tegula with brown yellowish pilosity (Fig. 8). Lateral edge of the pronotal lobe with yellowish hairs. Disc of the mesoscutellum with dark brown hairs, slightly darker than the pubescence present in other parts of the body. Terga with short and simple hairs, with some long and branched hairs mixed on T1 and on the sides of the distal terga. Trochanter of fore leg and ventral surface of the mesosoma with yellowish brown hairs. Distal tarsus of middle leg with a tuft of plumose hairs at the base of the posterior claw. Hind leg with a tuft of plumose hairs at the base of both claws. Structures: Mandible with three teeth with acute apices (Fig. 7). Apical tooth larger than the other two which are subequal in size (Fig. 7). Second tooth closer to the third than to the apical tooth (Fig. 7). Acetabular carina reaching the base of the third tooth (Fig. 7). Trimmal angle obtuse, poorly developed. Upper half of the clypeal disc convex and lower half concave (lateral view). Labrum semicircular (Fig. 7) with slightly truncated distal margin and slightly concave longitudinally disc. Vertex below the ocular tangent (Fig. 7). Inner orbits of compound eyes converging above (Fig. 7). Distance between the lateral ocellus and the eye shorter than the diameter of the median ocellus (Fig. 7). Hind femur widened. Claws with preapical tooth.</p>
            <p>Type material. Holotype female: 17.iv–26.viii, 1938 Oxf. Un. Cayman Is. Biol. Exped. coll. by C.B. Lewis, G.H. Thomson.\ 10.vii.1938. (13) Grand Cayman, N. coast of North Side, Hut Road.\ Pres. Hope Dept., Oxford B.M. 1967-147 (BMNH). Paratypes: 1 male: 17.iv–26.viii, 1938 Oxf. Un. Cayman Is. Biol. Exped. coll. by C.B. Lewis, G.H. Thomson.\ 10.vii.1938. (13) Grand Cayman, N. coast of North Side, Hut Road.\ Pres. Hope Dept., Oxford B.M. 1967-147 (BMNH). 3 males: 17.iv–26.viii, 1938 Oxf. Un. Cayman Is. Biol. Exped. coll. by C.B. Lewis, G.H. Thomson.\ 13.vii.1938. (14) Grand Cayman, N. coast of North Side, Cedar Cliff Road.\ Pres. Hope Dept., Oxford B.M. 1967-147 (BMNH). 2 males: 17.iv–26.viii, 1938 Oxf. Un. Cayman Is. Biol. Exped. coll. by C.B. Lewis, G.H. Thomson.\ 14.vii.1938. (8) Grand Cayman, N. coast of North Side, Hut Road.\ Pres. Hope Dept., Oxford B.M. 1967-147 (BMNH). 1 female and 5 males: 17.iv–26.viii, 1938 Oxf. Un. Cayman Is. Biol. Exped. coll. by C.B. Lewis, G.H. Thomson.\ 15.vii.1938. (8) Grand Cayman, N. coast of North Side, Hut Road.\ Pres. Hope Dept., Oxford B.M. 1967-147 (BMNH). All type specimens are deposited at BMNH.</p>
            <p>Distribution (Fig. 13). CAYMAN ISLANDS: GRAND CAYMAN: North Side.</p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03CB9E73FFDEC22C1FE0FAE7CA25366D	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Vivallo, Felipe	Vivallo, Felipe (2014): Revision of the species of Centris (Xanthemisia) Moure, 1945 (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Centridini) from the Caribbean islands. Zootaxa 3821 (1), DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3821.1.4
03CB9E73FFDCC2221FE0FA52CA0E3000.text	03CB9E73FFDCC2221FE0FA52CA0E3000.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Centris (Xanthemisia) domingensis Dalla Torre 1896	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> Centris (Xanthemisia) domingensis Dalla Torre, 1896 nom. rev. </p>
            <p>(Figures 9–13)</p>
            <p> Centris thoracica Smith, 1874 . 13: 370 (Original description, junior primary homonym of  C. thoracica Lepeletier, 1841 ). Genaro, 2007. 40: 251 (Cited as junior synonym of  C. aethiops ). </p>
            <p> Centris domingensis Dalla Torre, 1896 . 10: 304 (nom. nov. for  C. thoracica Smith, 1874 ). Pérez-Gelabert, 2008. 1831: 244 (List, cited as junior synonym of  C. analis ). </p>
            <p> Centris dominguensis [sic], Genaro, 2007. 40: 251 (Cited as junior synonym of  C. aethiops , distribution (partim)). </p>
            <p> Centris (Xanthemisia) domingensis, Moure et al., 2007: 134 (Catalogue, distribution). </p>
            <p>Type material. Holotype female (( BMNH), examined).</p>
            <p>Type locality. Dominican Republic: Santo Domingo.</p>
            <p>Redescription. Female (Figs. 9 and 10): Measurements: Approximate body length: 16.5; head width: 10.3; forewing length: 10.8; F1 length: 1.9; F2 length: 0.4; F3 length: 0.5; mandible length: 4.8; mandible basal width: 2.1; thorax width: 6.0. Coloration: Dark brown, slightly lighter on clypeus, labrum and mandibles (Figs. 9 and 10). Legs reddish brown. Wings membranes light brown with brown veins (Fig. 10). Flagellum (except F1) light brown on the front side. Integument and sculpture surface: Clypeus with coarse and dense punctation, with a relatively smooth area in the middle of the upper half of the disc (Fig. 9). Labrum and T2 with fine, very dense and uniform punctation. T3 with finer and dispersed punctures towards the distal margin. T4 and T5 with coarser and dispersed punctures. Pubescence: Dark brown, except mesoscutum, tegula and mesoscutellum with orange pilosity (Figs. 9 and 10). Prepygidial fimbria with mostly simple and long hairs at sides. Structures: Flabellum elliptic with the anterior margin acute and projected forward. Maxillary palpus with four palpomeres (2nd&gt;3rd&gt;1st&gt;4th). Mandible with five teeth with acute apices (except third with apex truncate) (Fig. 9). Trimmal angle acute, poorly developed. Acetabular carina reaching the base of the third tooth (Fig. 9). Clypeal disc convex (lateral view). Labrum semicircular with the distal edge slightly truncated (Fig. 9). Vertex above the upper ocular tangent (Fig. 9). Inner orbits of compound eyes convergent below (Fig. 9). Distance between the lateral ocellus and the eye more than three times the diameter of the median ocellus (Fig. 9). Fore elaiospathe with the anterior secondary comb formed by three giant hairs, the most external hair shorter than the other two. Hind elaiospathe with the hairs of the primary anterior comb forming a continuous structure. Primary basitibial plate lanceolate with elliptic secondary plate. Claws with preapical tooth poorly developed, mainly in the hind leg.</p>
            <p>Male (Figs. 11 and 12): Measurements: Approximate body length: 13.2; head width: 9.8; forewing length: 11.6; F1 length: 0.8; F2 length: 0.4; F3 length: 0.8; mandible length: 3.7; mandible basal width: 1.9; thorax width: 6.0. Coloration: Dark brown, lighter on legs and slightly reddish brown on clypeus and labrum (Fig. 11). Wings membranes light brown with brown veins (Fig. 12). Integument and sculpture surface: Clypeus with coarse and dense punctation, scattered on disc. Labrum with fine and dense punctation, denser toward the distal edge. T2 with very fine and dense punctures. T3 with similar punctation, but more dispersed towards the distal edge. T4 with coarser and disperser punctures than of the previous terga. Pubescence: Dark brown, except mesoscutum, tegula and mesoscutellum with orange hairs (Figs. 11 and 12). Distal tarsus of middle leg with a tuft of plumose hairs at the base of the posterior claw. Hind leg with a tuft of plumose hairs at the base of both claws. Structures: Mandible with three teeth of acute apex (Fig. 11). Apical tooth larger than the other two, subequal in size (Fig. 11). Second tooth closer to the third than to the apical tooth (Fig. 11). Acetabular carina reaching the base of the third tooth (Fig. 11). Trimmal angle straight. Clypeal disc concave (lateral view). Labrum semicircular with distal margin slightly truncated (Fig. 11). Vertex approximately at the same height of the upper ocular tangent (Fig. 11). Inner orbits of compound eyes sub-parallel (Fig. 11). Distance between the lateral ocellus and the eye less than twice the diameter of the median ocellus (Fig. 11). Hind femur widened. Claws with preapical tooth.</p>
            <p>Distribution (Fig. 13). DOMINICAN REPUBLIC: DISTRITO NACIONAL: Santo Domingo (Smith, 1874; Dalla Torre, 1896; Ashmead, 1900; Friese, 1900, 1902; Cockerell, 1906; Lutz &amp; Cockrell, 1920). * PERAVIA: Baní. HISPANIOLA (Genaro, 2007; Pérez-Gelabert, 2008).</p>
            <p> Material examined. DOMINICAN REPUBLIC: DISTRITO NACIONAL: 1 female: Type H.T.\ B.M. Type HYM 17B.904.\ St. Dom. 55.1.\  Centris thoracica (Type) Smith (BMNH). PERAVIA: 2 males and 3 females: 10 miles north Bani, Peravia Prov., Republica Dominicana August 21, 1967 J. C. Schaffner (TAMU). 3 males: Peravia Prov., Rep. Dominicana 21 VIII 1967 \ L. H. Rolston Collector (TAMU). </p>
            <p> Comment. As previously indicated, in the paper published by Pérez-Gelabert (2008),  Centris domingensis appears as junior synonym of  C. analis . This unprecedented taxonomic proposal seems to have originated from a simple misidentification, which led to the synonymy of two morphologically distinct species that belong to different and not closely related subgenera (Vivallo &amp; Melo, unpublished data). </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03CB9E73FFDCC2221FE0FA52CA0E3000	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Vivallo, Felipe	Vivallo, Felipe (2014): Revision of the species of Centris (Xanthemisia) Moure, 1945 (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Centridini) from the Caribbean islands. Zootaxa 3821 (1), DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3821.1.4
03CB9E73FFD8C2281FE0FD2ACB8537BA.text	03CB9E73FFD8C2281FE0FD2ACB8537BA.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Centris (Xanthemisia) Xanthemisia	<html xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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            <p> The subgenus  Centris (Xanthemisia) in the Caribbean islands </p>
            <p> According to Pérez-Gelabert (2008), the only species of  Centris (Xanthemisia) that occurs in the Caribbean islands is  C. aethiops . The distribution records of this species are abundant in the literature (Cresson, 1865, 1869, 1916; Ashmead, 1900; Friese, 1900, 1902; Cockerell, 1906; Lutz &amp; Cockerell, 1920; Snelling, 1966; Genaro, 2007, 2008), being cited repeatedly by almost all the authors who have studied bees in this region. Other species that have been cited for these islands are  Centris armillata , correctly synonymized with  C. aethiops by Snelling (1966) and  C. domingensis , which has had a confusing taxonomic treatment in the latest publications concerning this region (Genaro, 2007, 2008; Pérez-Gelabert, 2008). </p>
            <p> The study of specimens housed in some of the main entomological collections of Neotropical bees (listed in Material and Methods), along with the study of type specimens, resulted in the identification of three species of  Centris (Xanthemisia) occurring in the Caribbean islands, including one previously unknown to science. The recognized species are  C. aethiops ,  C. domingensis , the latter being removed from the synonymy of  C. analis proposed by Pérez-Gelabert (2008), and  C. caymanensis , a new species from the Cayman Islands, Lesser Antilles. </p>
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	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03CB9E73FFD8C2281FE0FD2ACB8537BA	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	Vivallo, Felipe	Vivallo, Felipe (2014): Revision of the species of Centris (Xanthemisia) Moure, 1945 (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Centridini) from the Caribbean islands. Zootaxa 3821 (1), DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3821.1.4
