identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03CB5C6EFFBB7C51FF00AF90FA596840.text	03CB5C6EFFBB7C51FF00AF90FA596840.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Elaphromyia Bigot 1859	<div><p>Key to non-African species of Elaphromyia</p> <p>1. Wing with a distinct basomedial longitudinal hyaline band [China (Sichuan); illustrated by Wang, 1998]........................................................................................................ E. hardyi Wang</p> <p>- Wing without a distinct basomedial longitudinal hyaline band.................................................. 2</p> <p>2. Abdomen almost entirely dark brown to black [China (Yunnan) &amp; N. India; illustrated in Figs 35–39 and by Wang, 1998]..................................................................................... E. yunnanensis Wang</p> <p>- Abdomen yellow with or without dark spots on tergites IV–VI................................................. 3</p> <p>3. Palpi with dense, stout black ventral setulae [Taiwan]........................................ E. multisetosa Shiraki</p> <p>- Palpi without dense, stout black ventral setulae.............................................................. 4</p> <p>4. Wing cell cu 1 entirely brown with distinct subhyaline spots [Papua New Guinea; illustrated by Hardy, 1988]................................................................................................ E. transversa Hardy</p> <p>- Wing cell cu 1 subhyaline posteriorly with distinct or indistinct hyaline spots....................................... 5</p> <p>5. Abdomen of both sexes (Fig. 26) with two black spots/markings on each of last two tergites; spicules on distal end of eversible membrane (Figs 31–32) elongate-oval with pointed apex [widespread in SE Asia]............ E. pterocallaeformis (Bezzi)</p> <p>- Abdomen of male (Figs 1, 4) entirely yellow, of female (Figs 15–16) yellow with two brown spots only on tergite VI; spicules on distal end of eversible membrane (Figs 11–12, 21–22) elongate-oval with blunt or semicircular apex................ 6</p> <p>6. Wing (Figs 15–16) with numerous round to oval subhyaline and well-separated spots; spicules on distal end of eversible membrane (Figs 21–22) semicircular [S. India &amp; Sri Lanka].......................................... E. siva Frey</p> <p>- Wing (Figs 1, 6) with numerous subhyaline round to elongate spots connected or nearly connected; spicules on distal end of eversible membrane (Figs 11–12) elongate-oval [S. India]................... E. juncta David, Hancock &amp; Sachin, sp.n.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03CB5C6EFFBB7C51FF00AF90FA596840	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	David, K. J.;Hancock, D. L.;Sachin, K.;Ramya, R. S.;Ramani, S.	David, K. J., Hancock, D. L., Sachin, K., Ramya, R. S., Ramani, S. (2021): Taxonomic notes on the genus Elaphromyia Bigot (Diptera: Tephritidae: Tephritinae: Pliomelaenini) in India, with description of a new species. Zootaxa 5023 (2): 251-262, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5023.2.5
03CB5C6EFFBB7C51FF00A9E6FB6E6B05.text	03CB5C6EFFBB7C51FF00A9E6FB6E6B05.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Elaphromyia Bigot 1859	<div><p>Elaphromyia Bigot</p> <p>Elaphromyia Bigot, 1859: 314. Type species Elaphromyia melas Bigot, 1859 (= Trypeta adatha Walker, 1849).</p> <p>Paralleloptera Bezzi, 1913: 154. Type species Paralleloptera pterocallaeformis Bezzi, 1913.</p> <p>Diagnosis: Small to medium-sized flies (2–5 mm), with elongate, parallel-sided, predominantly brown wing (Figs. 1, 6, 15–16) with a series of subhyaline spots/markings, a series of marginal spots and the dorsal setulae on vein R 1 without a gap posterior to the end of vein Sc. Epandrium bar-shaped in profile without demarcation between epandrium and lateral surstylus, proctiger smaller than epandrium, glans of phallus with acrophallus patterned and broadly bifid. Taeniae elongate, reaching more than three-quarters length of eversible membrane, aculeus with apex flattened in sagittal plane, two dark brown to black spermathecae with numerous projections.</p></div> 	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03CB5C6EFFBB7C51FF00A9E6FB6E6B05	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	David, K. J.;Hancock, D. L.;Sachin, K.;Ramya, R. S.;Ramani, S.	David, K. J., Hancock, D. L., Sachin, K., Ramya, R. S., Ramani, S. (2021): Taxonomic notes on the genus Elaphromyia Bigot (Diptera: Tephritidae: Tephritinae: Pliomelaenini) in India, with description of a new species. Zootaxa 5023 (2): 251-262, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5023.2.5
03CB5C6EFFB87C55FF00AFF8FC416C72.text	03CB5C6EFFB87C55FF00AFF8FC416C72.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Elaphromyia juncta David, Hancock & Sachin 2021	<div><p>Elaphromyia juncta David, Hancock &amp; Sachin, sp.n.</p> <p>urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: B1C3991D-81E1-429C-AB2C-BFE4C1B12566</p> <p>Description: Length of male (3.79 mm); female (4.27 mm).</p> <p>Head (Fig. 2): higher than long; frons fulvous with three pairs of frontal setae and two pairs of orbital setae; ocellar triangle dark fuscous with well-developed ocellar setae; medial vertical seta black; lateral vertical seta, paravertical seta and postocellar seta lanceolate and white; postocular setae black interspersed with white lanceolate setae. Face fulvous without any markings. Scape and pedicel fulvous, first flagellomere concolorous with frons, arista bare. Gena narrow with prominent genal seta, subvibrissal setae present.</p> <p>Thorax (Figs 3, 5): Scutum uniformly dark brown with three faint longitudinal lines. Chaetotaxy well developed: 1 postpronotal, 1 presutural supra-alar, 1 anterior notopleural, 1 posterior notopleural, 1 postsutural supra-alar, 1 dorsocentral placed in line with postsutural supra-alar, 1 postalar, 1 intra-alar, 1 prescutellar acrostichal seta. Scutellum brown with two pairs of scutellar setae. Anepisternum fulvous with two setae near phragma; anepimeron fulvous with two setae, katepisternum with a single seta; anatergite dark brown; katatergite and meron fulvous. Legs entirely fulvous without any black/dark markings; forefemur with a single row of 4–5 ventral setae and two rows of 6–7 stout dorsal setae.</p> <p>Wing (Fig. 6) elongate, parallel-sided (length, 3.79 mm in male; 4.02 mm in female), predominantly dark brown with a series of circular or elongate spots connected to each other or nearly connected and hyaline marginal spots. Cell sc with two marginal spots; cell r 1 with 4–5 hyaline spots along costal margin; cell r 2+3 with single hyaline spot near apex of vein R 2+3, cell m with three marginal hyaline spots; posterior subhyaline band extends from anal cell to vein Cu 1.</p> <p>Abdomen (Fig. 4): Fully fulvous without any dark markings on tergites in male but with a pair of faint black spots on tergite VI in female.</p> <p>Male genitalia: Epandrium broad with no demarcation between surstylus and epandrium (Fig. 7); apex of lateral surstylus not blunt (in lateral view), with well-developed dorsal lobe; proctiger short, much smaller than epandrium; medial surstylus shorter than lateral surstylus and with well-developed prensisetae (Fig. 8). Phallus elongate (1.57 mm); glans of phallus sclerotised with acrophallus patterned and broadly bifid apically (Fig. 9).</p> <p>Female genitalia: Oviscape orange-yellow, conical (1.18 mm) (Fig. 10); eversible membrane (0.87 mm) with elongate taeniae (three-quarters length of eversible membrane); spicules on distal end elongate-oval with blunt apex (Figs 11, 12); aculeus (0.78 mm) curved, flattened in sagittal plane in apical half, pointed with reduced preapical setae (Fig. 13); spermathecae (Fig. 14) dark brown to black, elongate-oval and covered with numerous projections.</p> <p>Type material: Holotype, 1♀, INDIA: Karnataka, Chikkamagaluru, Tarikere, Kemmangundi, K. R. hill station, 04.ii.2021, Ramya, R.S.; Paratype: 1♂, Karnataka, Chikkamagaluru, Tarikere, Kemmangundi, K. R. hill station, 04.ii.2021, Sachin, K. (NBAIR).</p> <p>Etymology: The specific epithet is an adjective derived from the Latin word junctus (=connected), denoting the connected hyaline spots in the wing.</p> <p>Distribution: Known only from western Karnataka in southern India.</p> <p>Remarks: This species was collected by sweep-netting over flowers of Wedelia sp. (Asteraceae) but that is unlikely to be its host plant. It is similar to E. pterocallaeformis by having the subhyaline spots arranged in distinct, subparallel transverse rows but can be differentiated by the presence of a fully fulvous abdomen without black spots in males and with only a single pair of spots (on tergite VI) in females, lateral surstylus without acutely pointed apex and an eversible membrane with elongate-oval spicules with blunt apices, whereas E. pterocallaeformis has two pairs of abdominal spots in both sexes, an acutely pointed lateral surstylus and an eversible membrane with apically pointed spicules. Elaphromyia juncta is similar to E. siva in having a fully yellow abdomen in males and only one pair of spots in females, but E. siva can be easily separated by the rounder, well separated subhyaline spots on the wing and semicircular-shaped spicules on the eversible membrane.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03CB5C6EFFB87C55FF00AFF8FC416C72	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	David, K. J.;Hancock, D. L.;Sachin, K.;Ramya, R. S.;Ramani, S.	David, K. J., Hancock, D. L., Sachin, K., Ramya, R. S., Ramani, S. (2021): Taxonomic notes on the genus Elaphromyia Bigot (Diptera: Tephritidae: Tephritinae: Pliomelaenini) in India, with description of a new species. Zootaxa 5023 (2): 251-262, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5023.2.5
03CB5C6EFFBF7C57FF00A8E3FEC96A3A.text	03CB5C6EFFBF7C57FF00A8E3FEC96A3A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Elaphromyia siva Frey	<div><p>Elaphromyia siva Frey</p> <p>Elaphromyia siva Frey, 1917: 19. Type locality: Anuradhapura, North-Central Sri Lanka.</p> <p>Elaphromyia pterocallaeformis: David &amp; Ramani (2011, fig. 104) [misidentification].</p> <p>Material examined: 1♂, INDIA: Karnataka: Bangalore, Attur, 07. i.2013, David, K.J.; 1♀, Bangalore, Hebbal, 07.ii.2013, David, K.J.; 1♀, INDIA: Karnataka, Bangalore, Attur, 13.i.2014, David, K.J.; 1♀, Bangalore, Attur, 15.xi.2017, Prabhu, G.; 1♀, Bangalore, Attur, 31.x.2020, Sachin, K. (NBAIR). 1♂, INDIA: Karnataka, West Chikkaballapur, 03.viii.1976, C.A., Viraktamath. (UASB).</p> <p>Diagnosis (Figs 15, 16): Small species (male- 2.45 mm; female- 3.02 mm). Head higher than long; frons with three pairs of frontal setae (posterior frontal seta white) and two pairs of orbital setae (posterior orbital seta white); ocellar triangle dark fuscous with well-developed ocellar setae; medial vertical seta black; lateral vertical seta, paravertical seta and postocellar seta stubby white; postocular setae black interspersed with white stubby setae. Face fulvous with deep concavity. Scape and pedicel fulvous, first flagellomere concolorous with frons, arista short pilose. Gena narrow, with genal seta. Scutum uniformly dark brown with three faint longitudinal lines, chaetotaxy well developed: 1 on postpronotal lobe, 1 presutural supra-alar, 1 anterior notopleural, 1 posterior notopleural, 1 postsutural supra-alar, 1 dorsocentral placed in line with postsutural supra-alar, 1 postalar, 1 intra-alar, 1 prescutellar acrostichal seta. Scutellum brown with two pairs of scutellar setae. Anepisternum fulvous with two or three setae near phragma; anepimeron fulvous with two setae, katepisternum with a single seta; anatergite dark brown; katatergite and meron fulvous. All segments of leg fulvous without any black/dark markings; forefemur with a single row of 4–5 ventral setae. Wing (2.74 mm in male; 3.04 mm in female) shorter than in E. juncta, parallel-sided, predominantly dark brown with a series of rounded/circular subhyaline markings not arranged in distinct subparallel transverse rows and hyaline marginal spots. Cell sc with a single marginal spot; cell r 1 with 3–4 hyaline spots along the costal margin; cell r 2+3 with a single hyaline spot near the apex of vein R 2+3, cell m with three marginal hyaline spots; posterior subhyaline band extends from anal cell to vein Cu 1. Abdomen fully fulvous without any markings on tergites in male; but with a pair of faint black spots on tergite VI in female.</p> <p>Male genitalia: Epandrium broad with no demarcation between surstylus and epandrium (Fig. 17); apex of lateral surstylus blunt (in profile view); proctiger short, much smaller than epandrium; medial surstylus shorter than lateral surstylus and with well-developed prensisetae (Fig. 18). Phallus (1.00 mm) relatively shorter than in E. juncta; glans of phallus sclerotised with acrophallus patterned and broadly bifid apically (Fig. 19).</p> <p>Female genitalia: Oviscape orange-yellow (Fig. 20), conical (0.79 mm); eversible membrane (0.66 mm) with elongate taeniae (three-quarters length of eversible membrane); spicules on distal end semicircular (Figs 21, 22); aculeus (0.56 mm) curved, flattened in sagittal plane, pointed with reduced preapical setae (Fig. 23); spermathecae dark brown to black, elongate-oval with a prominent neck and covered with numerous projections (Fig. 24).</p> <p>Distribution: Sri Lanka (Type locality) and southern India (new record).</p> <p>Remarks: This species is much smaller than the other two species recorded from India (E. juncta and E. pterocalleformis) and is the smallest species known. Apart from the difference in size, it can be differentiated from the other two species by the presence of rounder subhyaline spots that are not aligned into subparallel transverse rows and the presence of a single spot in the subcostal cell. It can be differentiated further from E. pterocalleformis in lacking acutely pointed lateral surstylus and by the elongate-oval spicules on the distal end of the eversible membrane and abdominal markings. Described originally from Sri Lanka, this species is recorded for the first time from India, having been previously misidentified as E. pterocallaeformis by David &amp; Ramani (2011: fig. 104). The identity of the Indian specimens has been confirmed by comparison with photographs of the Holotype female from Sri Lanka.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03CB5C6EFFBF7C57FF00A8E3FEC96A3A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	David, K. J.;Hancock, D. L.;Sachin, K.;Ramya, R. S.;Ramani, S.	David, K. J., Hancock, D. L., Sachin, K., Ramya, R. S., Ramani, S. (2021): Taxonomic notes on the genus Elaphromyia Bigot (Diptera: Tephritidae: Tephritinae: Pliomelaenini) in India, with description of a new species. Zootaxa 5023 (2): 251-262, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5023.2.5
03CB5C6EFFBD7C58FF00AE86FECD6A63.text	03CB5C6EFFBD7C58FF00AE86FECD6A63.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Elaphromyia pterocallaeformis (Bezzi 1913)	<div><p>Elaphromyia pterocallaeformis (Bezzi)</p> <p>Paralleloptera pterocallaeformis Bezzi, 1913: 155: Type localities: Dharampur, Himachal Pradesh and Kumaon, Bhowali, Uttarakhand, India.</p> <p>Material examined: 1♀, INDIA: Himachal Pradesh: Manali, Naggar, 06. viii.2014, Veena Kumari, K.; 1♂ 1♀, Shimla, IARI Substation, Totu, 18.viii.2019, David, K.J. (NBAIR).</p> <p>Diagnosis (Figs 25, 26): This species was originally described by Bezzi (1913) from northern India. Hardy (1973, 1974) illustrated the female postabdominal structures. It is characterised by having the round to elongate subhyaline markings in the wing arranged in transverse rows similar to E. juncta but with 6–7 marginal spots in cell r 1, unlike the four spots normally seen in E. juncta and E. siva. The abdomen of E. pterocallaeformis has four black spots/markings on the last two tergites.</p> <p>Male genitalia: Epandrium broad with no demarcation between surstylus and epandrium; apex of lateral surstylus with a medial teat-like projection (in profile view) (Fig. 27); proctiger short, much smaller than epandrium; medial surstylus shorter than lateral surstylus and with well-developed prensisetae (Fig. 28). Phallus relatively longer than in the other two species (1.70 mm); glans of phallus sclerotised with acrophallus patterned and broadly bifid apically (Fig. 29).</p> <p>Female genitalia:Oviscape (0.84 mm) conical, orange-yellow with black basal rim (Fig. 30); eversible membrane (0.69 mm) with elongate taeniae; spicules on distal end conical (Figs 31, 32); aculeus (0.64 mm) curved, flattened in sagittal plane, pointed with reduced preapical setae (Fig. 33); spermathecae dark brown to black, elongate-oval with numerous hair-like projections all over (Fig. 34).</p> <p>Distribution: Widespread in SE Asia but in India only known with certainty from Himachal Pradesh and Uttaranchal (Bezzi, 1913) and, presumably, from other northern States of Assam, Madhya Pradesh, Meghalaya and West Bengal as listed by Agarwal &amp; Sueyoshi (2005). Records of E. pterocallaeformis from western Karnataka (Kemmangundi, Mudigere area and Jog Falls, Gersoppa) by Hancock &amp; McGuire (2001) have not been re-examined but are almost certainly misidentifications of E. juncta, while those of David &amp; Ramani (2011) are misidentifications of E. siva.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03CB5C6EFFBD7C58FF00AE86FECD6A63	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	David, K. J.;Hancock, D. L.;Sachin, K.;Ramya, R. S.;Ramani, S.	David, K. J., Hancock, D. L., Sachin, K., Ramya, R. S., Ramani, S. (2021): Taxonomic notes on the genus Elaphromyia Bigot (Diptera: Tephritidae: Tephritinae: Pliomelaenini) in India, with description of a new species. Zootaxa 5023 (2): 251-262, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5023.2.5
03CB5C6EFFB27C5AFF00AE48FB6968FC.text	03CB5C6EFFB27C5AFF00AE48FB6968FC.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Elaphromyia yunnanensis Wang. Host 1990	<div><p>Elaphromyia yunnanensis Wang</p> <p>Elaphromyia yunnanensis Wang, 1990: 489. Type locality Lushui, Yunnan, China.</p> <p>Material examined: 1♂, INDIA: Arunachal Pradesh, Roing, Kebali, 10.ix.2014, Ramani, S. (UASB).</p> <p>Diagnosis (Figs 35, 36): Medium-sized (5.91 mm) fly; head as high as long, frons fulvous with three pairs of frontal setae (all black) and two pairs of orbital setae (posterior pair black), ocellar setae well developed, medial and lateral vertical setae, postocellar setae white, lanceolate; postocular setae black interspersed with white lanceolate setae. Face fulvous without any markings; scape, pedicel fulvous, first flagellomere shorter than face, arista short plumose. Scutum dark brown to black with golden yellow setulae except postpronotal lobe, notopleuron and beneath postsutural supra-alar seta. Anepisternum fuscous to dark brown with a single seta, anepimeron concolorous with anepisternum and with a single seta, katepisternum black with a fulvous anterior border and a single seta, anatergite and katatergite partly yellow and black. Chaetotaxy complete; 1 on postpronotal lobe, 1 presutural supra-alar, 1 anterior notopleural, 1 posterior notopleural, 1 postsutural supra-alar, 1 dorsocentral placed in line with postsutural supra-alar, 1 postalar, 1 intra-alar, 1 prescutellar acrostichal seta. Scutellum brown with two pairs of scutellar setae. All leg segments fulvous except hind femur with basal and medial black spots; forefemur with a single row of 6–7 ventral setae. Wing elongate (6.33 mm), parallel-sided and predominantly dark brown with numerous hyaline and subhyaline markings, costal and anal margins predominantly hyaline with faint brown markings, cells r 1 and r 2+3 with very small, closely packed hyaline spots, subhyaline markings appear to be transversely arranged, cell m with 4 prominent hyaline bands from the margin. Abdomen elongate-oval, all tergites dark brown to black with faint yellow markings laterally.</p> <p>Male genitalia (Figs 37–39): Epandrium broad, with no demarcation between lateral surstylus and epandrium, proctiger smaller than epandrium, apex of lateral surstylus pointed with numerous setae; epandrium and lateral surstyli round (posterior view) with apical extension of surstylus prominent; phallus elongate (4.54 mm) with a sclerotised rod like structure in glans of phallus, vesica as long as phallus.</p> <p>Distribution: China (Yunnan); India (Arunachal Pradesh: new record).</p> <p>Remarks: The specimen collected from India is comparatively larger than the type male and has transverse subhyaline markings on the wing and four elongate spots in cell dm, unlike Wang’s (1998) illustration, which depicts round, well separated spots and six prominent spots in cell m. Since only a single specimen is available and considering its overall appearance and dark abdomen, we provisionally regard the Indian specimen as a variant of Elaphromyia yunnanensis; however, further material might show it to be specifically distinct.</p> </div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03CB5C6EFFB27C5AFF00AE48FB6968FC	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		MagnoliaPress via Plazi	David, K. J.;Hancock, D. L.;Sachin, K.;Ramya, R. S.;Ramani, S.	David, K. J., Hancock, D. L., Sachin, K., Ramya, R. S., Ramani, S. (2021): Taxonomic notes on the genus Elaphromyia Bigot (Diptera: Tephritidae: Tephritinae: Pliomelaenini) in India, with description of a new species. Zootaxa 5023 (2): 251-262, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5023.2.5
