identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03C887E40100FFC1FDAEFA19FAE37BE7.text	03C887E40100FFC1FDAEFA19FAE37BE7.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Hornschuchia Nees	<div><p>Genus Hornschuchia Nees</p><p>Flora 4 (1): 302 (Nees 1821). − Type species: Hornschuchia bryotrophe Nees.</p><p>Mosenodendron R.E.Fr., Kongliga Svenska Vetenskaps Akademiens Handlingar, ser. 3 34 (5): 8 (Fries 1900). – Type species: Mosenodendron insigne R.E.Fr.</p><p>Description</p><p>Trees to shrubs. Leaves chartaceous to coriaceous with primary vein impressed adaxially. Inflorescence 1-flowered or 2–22-flowered; axillary, supra-axillary, terminal or cauliflorous, i.e., ramiflory, trunciflory, flagelliflory. Flowers white, rarely pinkish, trimerous; three sepals and six petals in two whorls; calyx with sepals completely connate, rarely connate at the base; corolla with linear petals; stamens 3–18; carpels 2–9. Fruit with 1–5 monocarps, monocarps obovate, globose, ellipsoid, obloid, fusiform; stipe 1.5–9 mm long, subsessile to sessile. Seed 1–8, globose, obovoid, obloid-ellipsoid, ellipsoid, flattened-ellipsoid, with aril, rarely without aril.</p><p>Hornschuchia is recognized by its small and white flowers, with linear petals and cupuliform calyx. It is similar to Trigynaea and Bocagea; however, the petals in these two genera are ovate, elliptic or lanceolate (Johnson &amp; Murray 1995).</p><p>Key to the species of Hornschuchia Nees</p><p>1. Leaves with commissural veins evident ............................................................. H. bryotrophe Nees</p><p>− Leaves without commissural veins ................................................................................................... 2</p><p>2. Inflorescence axillary, supra-axillary to terminal or ramiflorous ...................................................... 3</p><p>− Cauliflorous, except ramiflorous ......................................................................................................11</p><p>3. Inflorescence 1-flowered ................................................................................................................... 4</p><p>− Inflorescence 2–22-flowered ........................................................................................................... 10</p><p>4. Calyx connate at the base with triangular apex ....................................... H. citriodora D.M.Johnson</p><p>− Calyx completely connate (cupuliform) with truncate apex ............................................................. 5</p><p>5. Calyx 3–8 mm long .......................................................................................................................... 6</p><p>− Calyx 1–2(–3) mm long .................................................................................................................... 8</p><p>6. Stamens 10, 4 mm long, carpels 5.5 mm long. Monocarp obloid with acute apex, 20–24 × 9–12 mm, stipe 1–2 mm long .................................................................... H. mellosilvae L.Vilela &amp; J.C.Lopes</p><p>− Stamens 3–6, 2–3 mm long, carpels 2–3 mm long. Monocarp globose to ellipsoid with rounded apex, 8–13 × 5–9 mm, sessile .................................................................................................................... 7</p><p>7. Floral bud cylindrical with obtuse apex. Fruit 1 monocarp with persistent calyx .............................. .................................................................................................................. H. lianarum D.M.Johnson</p><p>− Floral bud globose to ovoid to conical with acute apex. Fruit 2–5 monocarps with caducous calyx ... .................................................................................... H. mediterranea Mello-Silva &amp; D.M.Johnson</p><p>8. Calyx glabrescent. Monocarp sessile ................................................................... H. polyantha Maas</p><p>− Calyx densely covered in trichomes. Monocarp stipe 1.5–3 mm long ............................................. 9</p><p>9. Leaves narrowly elliptic to elliptic, oblanceolate to narrowly oblong, obovate or rarely lanceolate. Pedicel 7–37 mm long ............................................................................................ H. myrtillus Nees</p><p>− Leaves narrowly ovate to ovate or lanceolate. Pedicel 1–7 mm long ..... H. alba (A.St.-Hil.) R.E.Fr.</p><p>10. Floral bud cylindrical. Monocarp fusiform, 5–8 mm wide, densely covered in trichomes, whitish in vivo ........................................................................................................... H. obliqua Maas &amp; Setten</p><p>− Floral bud conical. Monocarp globose, 16–19 mm wide, glabrous, green in vivo ............................ ..................................................................................................................... H. santosii D.M.Johnson</p><p>11. Trunciflory ...................................................................................................................................... 12</p><p>− Flagelliflory, i.e., inflorescence branches 4.5–100 cm long, emerging from the basal part of the trunk and running near the soil ................................................................................................................. 13</p><p>12. Inflorescence branches 6–19 cm long ...................................................... H. leptandra D.M.Johnson</p><p>− Inflorescence emerging close to the trunk ............................................. H. cauliflora Maas &amp; Setten</p><p>13. Calyx glabrescent. Bracts caducous .................................................................... H. polyantha Maas</p><p>− Calyx densely covered in trichomes. Bracts persistent .......................................... H. myrtillus Nees</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C887E40100FFC1FDAEFA19FAE37BE7	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Vilela, Lucas;Lopes, Jenifer De Carvalho	Vilela, Lucas, Lopes, Jenifer De Carvalho (2022): Hornschuchia (Annonaceae), an endemic and threatened genus from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. European Journal of Taxonomy 828: 75-108, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.828.1859, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.828.1859
03C887E40106FFC4FDE6FECEFE1C7D48.text	03C887E40106FFC4FDE6FECEFE1C7D48.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Hornschuchia alba	<div><p>Hornschuchia alba (A.St.-Hil.) R.E.Fr.</p><p>Fig. 1</p><p>Acta Horti Bergiani 10 (2): 137 (Fries 1931).</p><p>Basionym</p><p>Bocagea alba A.St. -Hil., Flora Brasiliae meridionalis 1 (2): 42 (Saint-Hilaire 1825).</p><p>Type: BRAZIL – Rio de Janeiro • “ Cabo Frio, Ponta de lʼEst au Cap Frio, Prov. Rio de Janeiro ”; A. Saint-Hilaire 366; holotype: P [P032535]!; isotypes: MPU [MPU026907]!, S [S-R-7077]! (fragment) .</p><p>Material examined</p><p>BRAZIL – Rio de Janeiro • “ Armação dos Búzios, Praia Brava . Mata de Encosta Sul voltada para o costão da Praia Brava ”; 24 May 2001; C. Farney 4371; RB [RB00451923]!, SPF ! • “ Costão para João Fernandes. Mata de encosta Praia Brava- Costão para João Fernandes ”; [22°44′38.5″ S, 41°52′17.8″ W]; 23 Aug. 2001; C. Farney 4397; RB [RB00452010]!, SPF ! • “ <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-41.877777&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-22.744028" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -41.877777/lat -22.744028)">Encosta da Praia Brava</a> ”; 22°44′92″ S, 41°52′40″ W; 18 Feb. 2004; H.G. Dantas 620; RB [RB00086462]! • ibid.; 22°44′92″ S, 41°52′40″ W; 18 Feb. 2004; H.G. Dantas 156; RB [RB00086467] ! • “ Rancho Dez ”; Jun. 1997; C. Farney s.n.; RB [RB00372099] ! • “ Fazenda Caravelas ”; alt. 80 m; 20 Oct. 1999; C. Farney 3930; SPF!, RB [00452151] ! • “ Estrada Cabo Frio- Búzios, entre a Serra das Esmerencias e a Praia de José Gonçalves ”; [22°48′32.8″ S, 41°56′37.8″ W]; 5 Jun. 1998; J.M.A. Braga 4871; RB [RB00042085] ! • “ <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-41.95&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-22.783333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -41.95/lat -22.783333)">Fazenda of José Gonçalves</a> ”; 22°47′ S, 41°57′ W; alt. 120 m; 8 Feb. 1999; P.J. Maas 8818; NY [NY02699049]!, RB [RB00042092]!, SPF ! • “ Estrada antiga para Búzios, próximo ao centrinho, ramal da lixeira ”; 28 Jun. 1995; D. Araújo 10320; RB [RB00417332] ! • “ Cabo Frio, Morro da Piaçava ”; 9 Oct. 2002; C. Farney 4487; SPF!, RB [RB00451944] ! • “ <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-42.010693&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-22.862612" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -42.010693/lat -22.862612)">Morro do Mico</a> ”; [22°51′45.4″ S, 42°00′38.5″ W]; 22 Jun. 2002; C. Farney 4463; RB [RB00451806]!, SPF ! • 27 Aug. 1997; C. Farney 3587; CEPEC [CEPEC00118741]!, MBM [MBM325079]!, R [RB00043047]!, SPF!. – Locality unknown • “ E Brasilia ”; Freyreis s.n.; S n.v .</p><p>Description</p><p>Shrubs, rarely treelets, 2–7 m tall. Leaves chartaceous; petiole 1–3 mm long; lamina 3.8–9.3 × 1.9–4.9 cm, narrowly ovate to ovate or lanceolate, both surfaces glabrous, base acute to obtuse, apex acuminate to acute, obtuse or rounded; primary vein impressed adaxially and raised abaxially, 6–12 pairs of secondary veins, angles between primary and secondary veins 50–60°. Inflorescence one-flowered; supra-axillary, terminal or leaf-opposed, bracts absent. Flowers with pedicel 1–7 mm long; flower buds conical to cylindrical with obtuse apex, 2–8 × 1–3 mm, covered in trichomes. Sepals completely connate, calyx cupuliform, apex truncate, 2 × 2–3 mm, densely covered in trichomes. Petals linear, white, 11–14 mm long, covered in trichomes; stamens 6, ca 2 × 0.5 mm; carpels 3, ca 3 × 0.5 mm. Monocarps 2, immature monocarps fusiform, 4–9 × 3 mm, densely covered in trichomes, mature monocarps obovate, ca 2 cm long (Saint-Hilaire 1825); stipe ca 1.5 mm long, calyx persistent. Seed ca 6 mm long, ellipsoid, reddish, with fleshy aril (Saint-Hilaire 1825).</p><p>Distribution and habitat</p><p>Hornschuchia alba is endemic to Rio de Janeiro State. It is known from only two municipalities, Armação de Búzios and Cabo Frio, occurring in seasonal semideciduous lowland forest (Mello-Silva et al. 2021; Fig. 1).</p><p>Phenology</p><p>Flowering from February to October, fruiting from September to October.</p><p>Preliminary conservation status</p><p>Critically Endangered, CR B1ab(i,ii,iii) (Amaro 2016). At the time of the last revision of the genus (Johnson &amp; Murray 1995), only two historical collections of H. alba, including the type, were available. The species was only known with certainty from Cabo Frio. Nowadays there are eight localities, in Armação de Búzios and Cabo Frio, where the species is known to occur. However, H. alba has not been collected in 18 years.</p><p>Notes</p><p>Johnson &amp; Murray (1995) indicated the holotype as Saint-Hilaire 99. However, this collection number has been assigned to a species of Amaranthaceae Juss. The holotype of Bocagea alba is in fact Saint-Hilaire 366 (Saint-Hilaire’s field notebooks are available at http://hvsh.cria.org.br/works).</p><p>There are only immature fruits available (Farney 3930 and 4487), the fruit and seed descriptions have been complemented with the information in Saint-Hilaire (1825). With the new collections of H. alba, the description of the species has been updated (Johnson &amp; Murray 1995) with new information about the habit and plant size, inflorescence position and flower dimension.</p><p>Hornschuchia alba has a single-flowered inflorescence, supra-axillary, terminal or leaf-opposed. It is similar to the specimens of H. myrtillus with this type of inflorescence. However, H. alba is different from H. myrtillus in the leaves that are narrowly ovate to ovate or lanceolate (vs narrowly elliptic to elliptic, oblanceolate to narrowly oblong, obovate or rarely lanceolate) and the pedicel 1–7 mm long (vs 10–28 mm long).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C887E40106FFC4FDE6FECEFE1C7D48	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Vilela, Lucas;Lopes, Jenifer De Carvalho	Vilela, Lucas, Lopes, Jenifer De Carvalho (2022): Hornschuchia (Annonaceae), an endemic and threatened genus from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. European Journal of Taxonomy 828: 75-108, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.828.1859, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.828.1859
03C887E40104FFC8FD8AFE43FBF17DF9.text	03C887E40104FFC8FD8AFE43FBF17DF9.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Hornschuchia bryotrophe Nees	<div><p>Hornschuchia bryotrophe Nees</p><p>Figs 1–2</p><p>Flora 4 (1): 302 (Nees 1821) .</p><p>Type: BRAZIL – Bahia • “Ilhéus”, “ Strasse des Capitains Filisberto ” [via Felisbertia]; Dec. 1816; M. A. P. zu Wied s.n. (34, Nees von Esenbeck nr. 34); holotype: BR [BR0000006593025]!; isotypes: BR [BR0000006593353]!, M [M0240081]!, MEL [MEL2123975]!, NY [NY00008358] !.</p><p>Heterotypic synonym</p><p>Mosenodendron insigne R.E.Fr., Kongliga Svenska Vetenskaps Akademiens Handlingar, ser. 3 34 (5): 8 (Fries 1900).</p><p>Type: BRAZIL – Bahia • “ Vittoria ”; F. Sellow s.n.; holotype: B [B 10 0243155]!.</p><p>Selected material examined</p><p>BRAZIL – Bahia • “ Gandú, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-39.587025&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-13.723583" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -39.587025/lat -13.723583)">Estrada a Itamari</a> ”; [13°43′24.9″ S, 39°35′13.3″ W]; 22 Dec. 1970; T.S. Santos 1168; CEPEC [CEPEC00006203]!, NY [NY00395782]! • “ Guaratinga, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-39.75264&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-16.563389" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -39.75264/lat -16.563389)">ca 2.5 Km na estrada Itabela-Guaratinga, saindo da BR-101. Entrada em estrada de terra à direita, no sentido Itabela-Guaratinga</a> ”; 16°33′48.2″ S, 39°45′09.5″ W; alt. 145 m; 24 Jan. 2009; M. Groppo et al. 1808; SPF! • “ Ibicaraí, Rodovia BR-415, 40 km Oeste de Itabuna. <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-39.51939&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-14.857695" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -39.51939/lat -14.857695)">Região de Mata Higrográfila Sul Baiana</a> ”; [14°51′27.7″ S, 39°31′09.8″ W]; alt. 300 m; S.A. Mori s.n. et al.; RB [RB00042146]! • “ Ilhéus ”; Jan. 1837; B. Luschnath s.n.; BR [BR0000006592691]! • “ <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-39.20778&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-14.642944" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -39.20778/lat -14.642944)">Castelnovo</a> ” [Castelo Novo]; [14°38′34.6″ S, 39°12′28.0″ W]; Riedel 711; M[M0240082]! • “ Ipiaú, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-39.677723&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-14.105945" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -39.677723/lat -14.105945)">Rodovia Ipiaú-Ibirataia</a> ”; [14°06′21.4″ S, 39°40′39.8″ W]; 13 Nov. 1971; T.S. Santos 2133; CEPEC [CEPEC00008059]!, NY [NY00395783]! • “ Itamaraju, Assentamento Pedra Bonita, aproximadamente 20 Km da <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-39.631386&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-16.838612" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -39.631386/lat -16.838612)">rodovia vicinal de Itamaraju sentido Jucuruçu</a> ”; 16°50′19″ S, 39°37′53″ W; alt. 500 m; 13 Feb. 2007; R.A.X. Borges 769; CEPEC [CEPEC00116346]! • “ Maraú, Rod. BR 030, trecho Ubaitaba/Marau, km 15. <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-39.20778&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-14.258056" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -39.20778/lat -14.258056)">Vegetação perturbada em Região de Mata Hidrográfica Sul baiana. Folha SD 24</a> (14-39c)”; [14°15′29.0″ S, 39°12′28.0″ W]; S.A. Mori s.n. et al.; RB [RB00042161]! • “ Una, Reserva Biológica de Una; REBIO de Una, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-39.003193&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-15.109584" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -39.003193/lat -15.109584)">Entrada no km 46da rodovia BA001 Ilhéus-Una</a> ”; [15°06′34.5″S, 39°00′11.5″ W]; 23 Jan. 2006; J.L. Paixão 661 et al.; RB [RB00495855]! • “ São Felipe, Recôncavo Sul, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-39.068527&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-12.784917" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -39.068527/lat -12.784917)">Serra da Capioba</a> ”; 12°47′05.7″ S, 39°04′06.7″ W; 1956; R.P. Lôrdelo 56-333; ALCB [ALCB004360]! . – Espírito Santo • “ Águia Branca, Rochedo, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-39.068527&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-12.784917" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -39.068527/lat -12.784917)">Trilha do Córrego</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-39.068527&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-12.784917" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -39.068527/lat -12.784917)">proprietário Ailton Corteleti</a> ”; 18º57′21″ S, 40º48′5″ W; alt. 300–400 m; 19 Dec. 2007; V. Demuner et al. 4816; MBML [MBML032572]! • “ Águas Claras, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-40.73&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-18.892221" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -40.73/lat -18.892221)">Escola Agroecológica</a> ”; 18º53′32″ S, 40º43′48″ W; alt. 300–500 m; 1 Feb. 2006; L.F.S. Magnago et al. 531; MBML [MBML027865]!, SPF! • “ Aracruz, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-40.20078&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-19.77739" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -40.20078/lat -19.77739)">Aldeia Candeias</a> ”; [19°46′38.6″ S, 40°12′02.8″ W]; 26 Mar. 1997; M.A. de Assis et al. 903; SPF! • “ Comboios ”; [19°44′40.1″ S, 40°00′00.7″ W]; 27 Jul. 1992; O.J. Pereira 3692; VIES [VIES008830]! • “ Picuã ”; [19°50′31.4″ S 40°19′58.0″ W]; 4 Jun. 2011; C.L. Dalmonech et al. 50; MBML [MBML044614]! • “ Cariacica, Reserva Biológica Duas Bocas Localidade de Duas Bocas, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-40.478333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-20.278889" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -40.478333/lat -20.278889)">Trilha do Pescador</a> ”; 20°16′44″ S, 40°28′42″ W; alt. 135 m; 20 Oct. 2008; P.H. Labiak et al. 5000; CEPEC [CEPEC00129318]!, MBM [MBML037745]!, RB [RB00544259]! • “ Guarapari, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-40.420002&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-20.53" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -40.420002/lat -20.53)">estrada ES-477, que liga a BR-101 à rodovia do Sol (ES-060), Ca de 6 km da BR 101, Mata ao lado da estrada, entrada pela Fazenda Bonanza</a> ”; 20°31′48″ S, 40°25′12″ W; alt. 30–50 m; 17 Feb. 1999; R. Mello-Silva et al. 1596; CEPEC [CEPEC00083584]!, MBM [MBM235550]!, NY [NY01145439]!, NY [NY01145438]!, RB [RB00042129]!, RB [RB00042117]!, SPF! • “ Linhares ” (Jaguaré*), “Barra Seca, Fazenda São Carlos, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-39.990112&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-18.986055" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -39.990112/lat -18.986055)">propriedade do Sr. Aleixo Barnabé, ca 1.4 km E da BR 101</a> ”; [18°59′09.8″ S, 39°59′24.4″ W]; 20 Feb. 1995; J.R. Pirani et al. 3579; RB [RB00042105]!, SPF!, VIES [VIES037620]! • “ <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-40.1661&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-19.0069" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -40.1661/lat -19.0069)">Reserva Natural da Companhia Vale do Rio Doce</a> ”; 19.0069° S, 40.1661° W; 2 Mar. 2010; A.Q. Lobão 1532; SPF!, SAMES [SAMES00216]!, VIES [VIES024740]! • “ Marilândia, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-40.476166&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-19.411806" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -40.476166/lat -19.411806)">Estrada não pavimentada para São Rafael. Mata de encosta, ao lado direito da estrada</a> ”; 19°24′42.5″ S, 40°28′34.2″ W; alt. 200 m; 19 Jan. 2011; P. Fiaschi et al. 3478; MBML [MBML042352]!, RB [RB00681608]!, SPF! • “ Montanha, Fazenda Luis Siqueira - <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-40.317165&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-18.145872" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -40.317165/lat -18.145872)">distrito da Penha</a> ”; 18°8′45.14″ S, 40°19′1.8″ W; alt. 140 m; 15 Nov. 2012; A.M. Assis et al. 3515; MBML [MBML047032]! • (Governador Lindenberg*) Fazenda São Jorge, 18 km <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-40.44492&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-19.241611" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -40.44492/lat -19.241611)">from church in Bananal on paved road from Bananal to Novo Brazil</a>, behind house; [19°14′29.8″ S, 40°26′41.7″ W]; 21 Apr 1995; J.A. Kallunki et al. 707; NY [NY00227611]!, SPF! • “ Santa Leopoldina, Bragança, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-40.546333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-20.123" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -40.546333/lat -20.123)">Rancho Chapadão, proprietário: João Emilio</a> ”; 20°7′22.8″ S, 40°32′46.8″ W; alt. 280–550 m; 30 Mar. 2006; V. Demuner et al. 2101; MBML [MBML026395]!, SPF! • “ Sooretama, Reserva Biológica de Sooretama. Porção Oeste, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-40.134834&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-19.024778" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -40.134834/lat -19.024778)">trilha do Barro Roxo. Floresta de Tabuleiro</a> ”; [19°01′29.2″ S, 40°08′05.4″ W]; 18 Jan. 2010; A.Q. Lobão et al. 1542; SAMES [SAMES00217]! • “ Vitória, Junção BR-101/ES-060, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-40.390335&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-20.521944" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -40.390335/lat -20.521944)">Rod. para Praia do Sol, 6Km BR-101, 3Km ES-060</a> ”; [20°31′19.0″ S, 40°23′25.2″ W]; 31 Jul. 1991; D.M. Johnson et al. 1847; CEPEC [CEPEC00064494]!, SPF! . – Minas Gerais • “ <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-40.390335&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-20.521944" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -40.390335/lat -20.521944)">Serra do Cipó. Serra do Cipó</a> ”; [19°20′32.6″ S 43°35′54.1″ W]; 16 Jan. 1951; J.G Kuhlmann et al. s.n.; RB [RB00042164]! . – Pernambuco • “ Ipojuca, Engenho de Conceição Velha, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-43.59836&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-19.34239" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -43.59836/lat -19.34239)">Mata das Três Passagens, à direita da PE-60, em direção a Barreiras, após a tubulação que cruza a estrada para a Usina Ipojuca</a> ”; [8°23′31.7″ S, 35°05′26.3″ W]; 9 Dec. 1997; S. Tavares et al. 51; NY [NY01017923]! . – Rio de Janeiro • “ <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-35.090637&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-8.3921385" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -35.090637/lat -8.3921385)">Rio de Janeiro</a> ”; J.G. Kuhlmann s.n.; RB [RB00042140]! • “ Taunay, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-43.27717&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-22.958778" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -43.27717/lat -22.958778)">Morro de mata baixa</a> ”; [22°57′31.6″ S, 43°16′37.8″ W]; 27 Feb. 1951; G.A. Black et al. 51-11753; IAN [IAN069581]! • “ Estrada do Tanguá, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-42.75297&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-22.660416" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -42.75297/lat -22.660416)">perto de Rio Bonito. Rio Bonito</a> ” (<a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-42.75297&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-22.660416" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -42.75297/lat -22.660416)">Cachoeiras de Macacu</a> *); [22°39′37.5″ S, 42°45′10.7″ W]; 26 Feb. 1951; J.G Kuhlmann et al. s.n.; RB [RB00042134]!, RB [RB150900]!, US [US01346584]! • “ Cultivada no Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro ”; RB [RB00042137]! . – Locality unknown • C.F.P. von Martius, Herb. Fl. Bras. n. 858; M [M0240084]! .</p><p>Additional material examined</p><p>BRAZIL • V. Demuner 3220; MBML [MBML09241]!, SPF! • V. Demuner 4412; MBML [MBML032022]!, SPF! • J.H.L. El Ottra 131; SPF! • D.A. Folli 1699; SPF! • 2917; RB [RB00484637]!, SPF! • C.N. Fraga 2480; CEPEC [CEPEC00130062]!, MBML [MBML038885]!, RB [RB00557920]! • F.S. Gomes 1539; ALCB [ALCB049674]! • E. Guimarães 182; RB [RB00042094]! • J.G. Jardim 262; NY [NY00395787]! • J.G. Jardim 623; CEPEC [CEPEC00064214]!; J.G. Jardim 8852; RB [RB00852603]!, SPF! • J.A. Kallunki 589; K [K001191170]!, NY [NY00395780]!, SPF! • J.A. Kallunki 696; NY [NY00227526]!, SPF! • J.G. Kuhlmann s.n.; NY [NY00395784]! • J.C. Lopes 111; SPF! • J.C. Lopes 151; SPF! • P.J.M. Maas 8829; MBML [MBML009585]!, NY [NY02699059]!, RB [RB00484639]! • P.J.M. Maas 9811; NY [NY02699058]!, SPF! • L.F.S. Magnago 489; MBML [MBML030986]! • L.F.S. Magnago 1646; MBML [MBML027722]!, SPF! • R. Mello-Silva 1174; NY [NY NY00395781]!, NY [NY00395777]!, RB [RB00042117]!, SPF! • R. Mello-Silva 3141; SPF! • R.F. Monteiro 329; RB [RB00516860]!, SPF! • S.A. Mori 9292; CEPEC [CEPEC00013256]! • S.A. Mori 9368; NY [NY00395785]! • S.A. Mori 11348; CEPEC [CEPEC00015681]!, NY [NY00395786]! • O.J. Pereira 4019; VIES [VIES008836]! • O.J. Pereira 2472; VIES [VIES006348]! • J.R. Pirani 3074; K [K001191168]!, K [K001191167]!, MBM [MBM181229]!, NY [NY00395778]!, SPF! • Without collectorʼs information; RB [RB00042137]! • C. Rocini 7; SPF! • L.A.M. Silva 1555; CEPEC [CEPEC00029042]! • W.W. Thomas 3720; CEPEC [CEPEC00090940]!, NY [NY00684336]! • W.W. Thomas 10742; CEPEC [CEPEC00064423]!, MBM [MBM187065]!, NY [NY00095141]! • W.W. Thomas 11069; CEPEC [CEPEC00069957]! • W.W. Thomas 12654; CEPEC [CEPEC00091555]!.</p><p>Description</p><p>Shrubs or trees, 0.5–5 m tall. Leaves chartaceous; petiole 0.5–7 mm long; lamina 5.6–35 × 1.9–9.5 cm, narrowly oblong to elliptic, narrowly obovate to oblanceolate, both surfaces glabrous, base asymmetric, acute to obtuse, apex acuminate to acute, obtuse or rarely emarginate; primary vein impressed adaxially and raised abaxially, 6–22 pairs of secondary veins, commissural veins evident on both sides, impressed adaxially and raised abaxially, angles between primary and secondary veins 50–60°. Inflorescence 6–22-flowered; flagelliflorous, inflorescence branched into axes 12–60 cm long, running near the soil, rarely trunciflorous, ramiflorous or terminal inflorescence; bracts persistent, 5.5–9(–13) × (1–)1.5–3(–3.5) mm. Flowers with pedicel 1–40 mm long; flower buds 1–12 × 1–3 mm, conical to ellipsoid, densely covered in trichomes. Sepals completely connate, calyx cupuliform, apex truncate, 1–4 × 1–6 mm, glabrescent. Petals linear, white, rarely pinkish, 11–19 mm long, densely covered in trichomes at the base and glabrous to glabrescent towards the apex; stamens 6, 3–6 × 0.5 mm; carpels 3, 4–9 × 0.5 mm. Monocarps 1–3, fusiform, 1.3–7 × 0.1–0.9 cm, glabrous, green in vivo; stipe 3–5 mm long, calyx caducous. Seeds 2–6, oblong-ellipsoid, 11–20 × 3.5–6 mm, brownish, rugose, with aril.</p><p>Distribution and habitat</p><p>Hornschuchia bryotrophe has the widest distribution, occurring from the States of Pernambuco, Bahia, Espírito Santo to Rio de Janeiro (Fig. 1). The species has been collected only once in Pernambuco State, close to the coast in the Atlantic Forest (Bazante &amp; Alves 2021, Tavares et al. 51; NY[NY01017923]). There is a single collection that has been made in Serra do Cipó, Cerrado biome (Mello-Silva et al. 2012). However, this is the only record in the whole genus outside the Atlantic Forest and it is possible that this was a mistake in the label annotation (Mello-Silva et al. 2012, Kuhlmann et al. s.n.; RB[RB00042164]!). Hornschuchia bryotrophe occurs mainly in moist forest, but also in seasonal semideciduous forest (Fig. 1). In Bahia, it inhabits lowland tropical moist forest (Gouvêa et al. 1976; Thomas &amp; Barbosa 2008) that occurs near the coast up to 70 km inland (Mori &amp; Silva 1979). In Espírito Santo, it occurs in the northern portion of the state, in tabuleiro (ʻtablelandʼ) forest, a seasonal semideciduous forest (Peixoto et al. 2008).</p><p>Phenology</p><p>Flowering from January to December and fruiting from December to July.</p><p>Conservation status</p><p>Least Concern (BGCI &amp; IUCN 2019).</p><p>Notes</p><p>There are two type collections of Hornschuchia bryotrophe at BR, for one of them, the holotype, Nees von Esenbeck annotated the number 34 ([BR0000006593025], Moraes et al. 2016), the same annotation is also on the isotypes at the M and MEL herbaria. The type localities of both H. bryotrophe and H. myrtillus, “Strasse des Capitains Filisberto”, known as via Felisbertia, was a road linking Ilhéus with Minas Gerais whose construction was ordered and paid for by Marechal Felisberto Caldeira Brant (Moraes et al. 2016). The work of Gallagher &amp; Moraes (2014) explains how the specimens collected by Wied in Brazil, such as the type collections of H. bryotrophe and H. myrtillus, arrived in an Australian herbarium, MEL.</p><p>Hornschuchia bryotrophe is one of the species with cauliflory. The development of cauliflory begins in the axil of the leaf. However, it remains active even after the abscission of the spent inflorescence branch due to the presence of dormant buds that repeatedly produce new inflorescences (Endress 2010). Cauliflory is classified into different types: (i) ramiflory refers to the inflorescence emerging in leafless portions of the branch; (ii) trunciflory to inflorescences borne on the main trunk; (iii) basiflory to inflorescences produced at the base of the trunk that could either be sessile or on perennial brachyblasts (Mildbraed 1922). In basiflory, the flower axis may elongate, which is called idiocladanthy (Mildbraed 1922). In cases in which the flower-bearing axis in idiocladanthy further elongates, allowing the inflorescence branches to reach the soil and grow along the ground, the term flagelliflory is applied (Mildbraed 1922). In such cases, the inflorescence emerges from the base of the trunk in long compound branches close to the soil. In H. bryotrophe, three types of cauliflory have been observed: flagelliflory, ramiflory and trunciflory. However, the term flagelliflory is also adopted for flowers or inflorescences that are exposed from the canopy of the tree in long rope-like branches associated with bat pollination (Weberling 1989: 233–234).</p><p>Hornschuchia bryotrophe is distinct from the other species of the genus by its leaves with an evident commissural vein (Fig. 2B). Hornschuchia bryotrophe, H. polyantha and H. myrtillus present flagelliflory (Fig. 2A). Nevertheless, in addition to the leaves, H. bryotrophe also differs from these species by the conical flower buds with acute apex (Fig. 2B) (vs cylindrical with obtuse apex).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C887E40104FFC8FD8AFE43FBF17DF9	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Vilela, Lucas;Lopes, Jenifer De Carvalho	Vilela, Lucas, Lopes, Jenifer De Carvalho (2022): Hornschuchia (Annonaceae), an endemic and threatened genus from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. European Journal of Taxonomy 828: 75-108, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.828.1859, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.828.1859
03C887E40108FFC9FDFFFDF0FE017E9A.text	03C887E40108FFC9FDFFFDF0FE017E9A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Hornschuchia cauliflora Maas & Setten	<div><p>Hornschuchia cauliflora Maas &amp; Setten</p><p>Fig. 3</p><p>Proceedings of the Koninklijke Nederlandse Akademie van Wetenschappen, Series C: Biological and Medical Sciences 91 (3): 259, figs 16–17 (Maas et al. 1988).</p><p>Type: BRAZIL – Bahia • (<a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-39.318665&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-14.340777" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -39.318665/lat -14.340777)">Aurelino Leal</a> *) “ Km 5 a 15 da BR-101, ao sul de Ubaitaba ”; [14°20′26.8″ S, 39°19′07.2″ W]; 18 Nov. 1971; T.S. Santos 2193; holotype: CEPEC [CEPEC00008090]!; isotype: NY [NY00008359] !.</p><p>Material examined</p><p>BRAZIL – Bahia • “ <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-39.168613&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-14.001945" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -39.168613/lat -14.001945)">Camamu</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-39.168613&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-14.001945" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -39.168613/lat -14.001945)">Fazenda Exílio</a>, entrada no km 10.7 da BA 650 Camamú-Travessão, ca 2 km L da sede da fazenda ”; 14°0′7″ S, 39°10′7″ W; 21 Feb. 2000; J.G. Jardim 2716; ALCB [ALCB004361]!, CEPEC [CEPEC00088387]!, HUEFS [HUEFS062877]!, SPF ! • “ Dom Macedo Costa, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-39.15278&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-12.909721" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -39.15278/lat -12.909721)">Fazenda Limeira</a> ”; 12°54′35″ S, 39°9′10″ W; 18 Oct. 2015; G. Costa 1515; ALCB [ALCB030994] ! • “ Itacaré, Entre Taboquinhas e Itacaré. BA-654. Interior de mata à beira da estrada ”; [14°16′55.2″ S, 38°59′47.3″ W]; 1 Jan. 1988; M. Sobral 5749; CEPEC [CEPEC00044273]!, ECT [ECT0003694]!, ICN [ICN00027827]!, NY [NY00395774]!, SPF ! • “ Ubaitaba, Trecho da BR 101 Ubaitaba ao Porto Santo Antonio ao Sul ”; 22 Jun. 1972; T.S. dos Santos 2336; CEPEC [CEPEC00008836]!; NY [NY00395775] ! • “ Uruçuca, Rodovia Uruçuca- <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-39.29972&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-14.579583" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -39.29972/lat -14.579583)">Ubaitaba</a> ”; [14°34′46.5″ S, 39°17′59.0″ W]; 20 Apr. 1970; T.S. dos Santos 752; CEPEC [CEPEC00005734]!, NY [NY00395776] !.</p><p>Description</p><p>Shrubs or trees, 3–8 m tall. Leaves subcoriaceous, petiole 3–9 mm long, lamina 14.9–32 × 3.5–15 cm, narrowly elliptic to elliptic, narrowly oblong to oblanceolate or lorate, both surfaces glabrous, base asymmetric, decurrent, acute to obtuse, apex acuminate to acute, attenuate to obtuse or rarely emarginate, primary vein impressed adaxially and raised abaxially, 13–22 pairs of secondary veins, angles between primary and secondary veins 50–60°. Inflorescence 2–22-flowered, trunciflorous, bracts absent. Flowers with pedicel 2–7 mm long, flower buds 3–7 × 1–2 mm, conical, densely covered in trichomes at the base and glabrescent towards the apex. Sepals completely connate, calyx cupuliform, apex truncate, 1–2 × 1–3 mm, glabrescent. Petals linear, white, 7–10 mm long, covered in trichomes, stamens (3–)6, 1.5–3.0 × 0.5 mm, carpels 3, 2–5 × 0.5 mm. Monocarps 1–3, fusiform, 1–6.3 × 0.3–0.6 cm, glabrous, green in vivo, stipe 2–5 mm long, calyx persistent. Seeds 4–6, ellipsoid, 13–19 × 4–7 mm, brownish, rugose, with aril.</p><p>Distribution and habitat</p><p>Hornschuchia cauliflora is endemic to Bahia, occurring in a small area from the municipalities of Uruçuca southward to Camamu, a distance of only 100 km. Hornschuchia cauliflora inhabits lowland tropical moist forest, but it is also found along the border with seasonal semideciduous forest (Gouvêa et al. 1976; Thomas &amp; Barbosa 2008; Fig. 3).</p><p>Phenology</p><p>Flowering from October to January and fruiting from February to June.</p><p>Preliminary conservation status</p><p>Endangered, EN B1ab(i,ii,iii)+2ab(i,ii,iii) (Amorim et al. 2020a). There are only six preserved specimens of H. cauliflora . Since the last revision, 27 years ago (Johnson &amp; Murray 1995), the species has been collected only twice, with a hiatus of 15 years between each collection, and has not been recollected in the last seven years.</p><p>Notes</p><p>The updated description includes more information about plant size and leaf morphology and dimensions (Johnson &amp; Murray 1995). Hornschuchia cauliflora presents trunciflory, which is also found in some individuals of H. bryotrophe . However, H. bryotrophe is the only species in the genus with an evident commissural vein.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C887E40108FFC9FDFFFDF0FE017E9A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Vilela, Lucas;Lopes, Jenifer De Carvalho	Vilela, Lucas, Lopes, Jenifer De Carvalho (2022): Hornschuchia (Annonaceae), an endemic and threatened genus from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. European Journal of Taxonomy 828: 75-108, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.828.1859, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.828.1859
03C887E40109FFCCFDE7FD14FEB77D9C.text	03C887E40109FFCCFDE7FD14FEB77D9C.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Hornschuchia citriodora D. M. Johnson	<div><p>Hornschuchia citriodora D.M.Johnson</p><p>Figs 3, 4A</p><p>Contributions from the University of Michigan Herbarium 19: 259, fig. 1 (Johnson &amp; Mello-Silva 1993).</p><p>Type: BRAZIL – Espírito Santo • “ Guarapari, Rodovia do Sol, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-40.484196&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-20.61" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -40.484196/lat -20.61)">estrada que liga a BR-101 à Praia Setibana, ES-060, a 6 Km da BR-101</a> ”; [20°36′36.0″ S, 40°29′03.1″ W]; 23 Feb. 1988; J.R. Pirani 2435; holotype: SPF [SPF00060814]!; isotypes: CEPEC [CEPEC00075532]!, K [K000485526]!, MBM [MBM161035]!, MO [MO216927]!, NY [NY00008363]!, NY [NY00008364]!, RB [RB00534142]!, U [U0000331]!, US [US00478941]!.</p><p>Material examined</p><p>BRAZIL – Bahia • “ Alcobaça, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-39.21278&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-17.554193" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -39.21278/lat -17.554193)">km 6–8 da rodovia BA 001, trecho Alcobaça-Caravelas</a> ”; [17°33′15.1″ S, 39°12′46.0″ W]; alt. 20 m; 16 Sep. 1978; T.S. Santos 3328; CEPEC [CEPEC00014498]! . – Espírito Santo • “ Guarapari; Rodovia do Sol, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-40.45&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-20.55" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -40.45/lat -20.55)">road linking BR-101 to the Praia Setibana, ES-060, at 6 Km E of BR-101</a> ”; 20°33′S, 40°27′W; 18 Jan. 1993; J.A. Kallunki 342; MBM [MBM262718]!, NY [NY00395800]!, NY [NY00395799]!, SPF! • ibid., “ <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-40.426697&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-20.544832" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -40.426697/lat -20.544832)">along road connecting BR-101 and ES-060, (marked on BR-101 as road for Praia do Sol), 6 km from BR-101, 3 km from ES-060</a> ”; [20°32′41.4″ S, 40°25′36.1″ W]; 31 Jul. 1991; D.M. Johnson 1848; CEPEC [CEPEC00064459]! • “ Linhares, Reserva Natural da Vale, Estrada Municipal do M.M.E ”; alt. 64 m; 7 May 2009; P.M.J. Maas 9810; NY [NY02699055]!, SPF! • ibid., “ <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-40.033333&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-19.116667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -40.033333/lat -19.116667)">1 km from BR-101</a> ”; 19°7′ S, 40°2′ W; 13 Feb. 1999; P.M.J. Maas 8828; NY [NY02699057]!, NY [NY02699056]! • ibid.; 19°07′59.3″ S, 40°05′07.5″ W; alt. 68 m; 25 Nov. 2009; A.Q. Lobão 1533; SAMES [SAMES00218]!, SPF!, VIES [VIES024742]! • ibid., <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-40.084972&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-19.132723" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -40.084972/lat -19.132723)">R.F.L 0089/86</a>; 19°07′57.8″ S, 40°05′05.9″ W; alt. 48 m; 2 Dec. 2010; J.C. Lopes 110 et al.; MBML [MBML049035]!, SPF! • ibid.; alt. 64 m; 14 Dec. 2007; G.S. Siqueira 377; SPF! • ibid.; 10 Feb. 2008; D.A. Folli 5862; SPF! • ibid.; 24 Mar. 1998; D.A. Folli 3130; RB [RB00484633]! .</p><p>Description</p><p>Shrubs or trees, 1–11 m tall. Leaves chartaceous, petiole 1–8 mm long, lamina 9.8–16.5 × 3.2–8 cm, narrowly elliptic to elliptic, narrowly oblong to oblanceolate or narrowly obovate, both surfaces glabrous, base acute to decurrent, apex acuminate to acute, attenuate to obtuse or rarely emarginate, primary vein impressed adaxially and raised abaxially, 8–18 pairs of secondary veins, angles between primary and secondary veins 40–55°. Inflorescence one-flowered, axillary to supra-axillary or terminal, bracts absent. Flowers with pedicel 3–14 mm long, flower buds 6–17 × 1–4 mm, conical, glabrescent to densely covered in trichomes or glabrescent at the base and glabrous towards the apex. Sepals connate at the base with triangular apex, (1–)2–3(–4) × 1–3 mm, glabrous to glabrescent. Petals linear, white, 10–21 mm long, covered in trichomes, stamens (5–)6, 4–4.5 × 0.5 mm, carpels 3–5, 5–7 × 0.5 mm. Monocarps 1–2, globose, 16–43 × 11–28 mm, glabrous, green in vivo, stipe subsessile, calyx caducous. Seeds 2–8, globose to ellipsoid, 9–19 × 6–10 mm, brownish, smooth, without aril.</p><p>Distribution and habitat</p><p>Hornschuchia citriodora is distributed from Bahia to Espírito Santo. There is only one record from the northern extreme of its distribution, in Alcoçoba, Bahia. Hornschuchia citriodora inhabits both lowland tropical moist forest, in Bahia (Gouvêa et al. 1976; Thomas &amp; Barbosa 2008), and tabuleiro forest, a seasonal semideciduous forest, in northern Espírito Santo (Peixoto et al. 2008; Fig. 3).</p><p>Phenology</p><p>Flowering from December to May and fruiting from February to March.</p><p>Preliminary conservation status</p><p>The inferred EOO was 4499 km 2 and AOO was 16 km 2. In Espírito Santo, H. citriodora occurs in a conservation unit (Lopes &amp; Mello-Silva 2014) and close to the main roads at other localities. As such, H. citriodora should be considered Endangered, EN B1ab(iii)+2ab(iii) according to the IUCN (2012) criteria.</p><p>Notes</p><p>Hornschuchia citriodora is the only species in the genus with sepals connate at the base with triangular apex (Fig. 4A). In the other species of Hornschuchia sepals are completely connate, forming a cupuliform calyx with truncate apex. In Lopes &amp; Mello-Silva (2014) the monocarp shape was described incorrectly as fusiform instead of globose. The description of H. citriodora has been updated (Johnson &amp; Murray 1995) with the data from the new collections such as leaf dimensions and morphology and inflorescence position.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C887E40109FFCCFDE7FD14FEB77D9C	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Vilela, Lucas;Lopes, Jenifer De Carvalho	Vilela, Lucas, Lopes, Jenifer De Carvalho (2022): Hornschuchia (Annonaceae), an endemic and threatened genus from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. European Journal of Taxonomy 828: 75-108, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.828.1859, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.828.1859
03C887E4010CFFCDFDE4FE17FE5E7E22.text	03C887E4010CFFCDFDE4FE17FE5E7E22.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Hornschuchia leptandra D. M. Johnson	<div><p>Hornschuchia leptandra D.M.Johnson</p><p>Fig. 3</p><p>Brittonia 47 (3): 310, figs 25C–D, 27 (Johnson &amp; Murray 1995).</p><p>Type: BRAZIL – Bahia • “ Ilhéus, área do CEPEC (Centro de Pesquisas do Cacau), km 22 da rodovia Ilhéus/Itabuna (BR-415) ”; 13 Oct. 1981; J.L. Hage 1447; holotype: CEPEC [CEPEC00025025]!; isotype: U [U0000332] !.</p><p>Material examined</p><p>BRAZIL – Bahia • “ Ilhéus, Área do CEPEC, km 22 da Rodovia Ilhéus/Itabuna (BR-415) ”; [14°46′23″ S, 39°13′22″ W]; alt. 50 m; 18 Feb. 1992; S.C. SantʼAna 201; CEPEC [CEPEC00054434] ! • ibid.; 24 Jul. 1991; T.S. Santos 4576; CEPEC [CEPEC00050662] ! • ibid.; D.M. Johnson et al. 1840A; OWU n.v . • “ Itabuna, Reserva Florestal da CEPLAC, Quadra D, km 22 da Rodovia Ilhéus/Itabuna ”; 9 Oct. 1992; A.M. Amorim 858; CEPEC [CEPEC00056574]!, NY [NY00395808]!, NY [NY00395809]!, US [US01346585] ! • “ Santo Antônio de Jesus: Rodovia para São Miguel das Matas e Amargosa, a 7 Km do trevo com a BR 101 ”; 13º00′ S, 39º20′ W [12°58′40″ S, 39°19′52″ W]; 30 Jan. 1993; J.R. Pirani 2714; NY [NY00395810]!, SPF ! • “ Una, Km 9 da BR-101, Rodovia São José/Una ”; [15°14′53″ S, 39°9′34″ W]; alt. 400 m, 18 Oct. 1983; T.S. Santos 3918; CEPEC [CEPEC00075409] !.</p><p>Description</p><p>Shrubs or trees, 1–4 m tall. Leaves chartaceous, petiole 1–5 mm long, lamina 18.2–40 × 3.5–9.6 cm, narrowly elliptic to oblanceolate, narrowly oblong to lorate, both surfaces glabrous, base slightly asymmetric to asymmetric, acute to obtuse, apex attenuate to obtuse, primary vein impressed adaxially and raised abaxially, 10–20 pairs of secondary veins, angles between primary and secondary veins 50–60°. Inflorescence 3–12-flowered, trunciflorous with idiocladanthy, inflorescence branched into axes 6–19 cm long, bracts absent. Flowers with pedicel 2–7 mm long, flower buds 4–6 × 1–2 mm, conical, covered in trichomes. Sepals completely connate, calyx cupuliform, apex truncate, 1–3 × 2–5 mm, glabrescent. Petals linear, white or yellowish, 10–17 mm long, covered in trichomes, stamens 6–7, 5–7.4 × 0.5 mm, carpels 3, 5–6 × 0.5 mm. Monocarps 1–2, ellipsoid, 5–6 × 1–1.7 cm, glabrescent, stipe 8–9 mm long. Seeds 4, obloid-ellipsoid, 19–20 × 9–10 mm, with aril.</p><p>Distribution and habitat</p><p>Hornschuchia leptandra occurs in a narrow area along the coast of Bahia, between the municipalities of Santo Antônio de Jesus and Una, 320 km distant from each other. It inhabits both lowland tropical moist forest and seasonal semideciduous forest (Gouvêa et al. 1976; Thomas &amp; Barbosa 2008; Fig. 3).</p><p>Phenology</p><p>Flowering from October to April and fruiting in August.</p><p>Preliminary conservation status</p><p>The inferred EOO was 366 km 2 and AOO was 12 km 2. In addition to its restricted area of occurrence, Hornschuchia leptandra has not been collected in almost 30 years and it is only known from three localities. The region where it occurs has been suffering continued decline of its original vegetation due to anthropic pressure (Landau et al. 2008). Therefore, H. leptandra should be considered Endangered, EN B1ab(iii)+2ab(iii) according to the IUCN (2012) criteria.</p><p>Notes</p><p>Hornschuchia leptandra is the only species in the genus with trunciflory with idiocladanthy, in which the inflorescence emerges from the upper part of the trunk with inflorescence branches ramified and 6–19 cm long (Schatz &amp; Wendt 2004). See the note under H. bryotrophe for more details about different types of cauliflory in the genus.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C887E4010CFFCDFDE4FE17FE5E7E22	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Vilela, Lucas;Lopes, Jenifer De Carvalho	Vilela, Lucas, Lopes, Jenifer De Carvalho (2022): Hornschuchia (Annonaceae), an endemic and threatened genus from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. European Journal of Taxonomy 828: 75-108, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.828.1859, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.828.1859
03C887E4010DFFD2FDE2FDADFE177966.text	03C887E4010DFFD2FDE2FDADFE177966.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Hornschuchia lianarum D. M. Johnson	<div><p>Hornschuchia lianarum D.M.Johnson</p><p>Fig. 3</p><p>Brittonia 47: 300, figs 4E, 21C–D, 22A–G (Johnson &amp; Murray 1995).</p><p><a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-40.603886&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-14.830277" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -40.603886/lat -14.830277)">Type</a>: BRAZIL – Bahia • “ Barra do Choça, Estrada que liga a Rod. BR-116 a São Sebastião, 4Km a W da cidade ”; [14°49′49″ S, 40°36′14″ W]; 21 Nov. 1978, S.A. Mori 11254; holotype: CEPEC [CEPEC00015054]!; isotypes: K [K000485527]!, NY [NY00312030]!, NY [NY00312031]!, U [U0000333] !.</p><p>Material examined</p><p>BRAZIL – Bahia • “ Antônio Cardoso, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-39.10861&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-12.368055" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -39.10861/lat -12.368055)">Fazenda Sossego</a> ”; 11°52′35″ S, 40°27′9″ W [12°22′5″ S, 39°6′31″ W]; alt. 465 m; 11 Aug. 1999; E. de Melo 2774; HUEFS [HUEFS039004]!, RB [RB00434949] ! • ibid.; 14 Apr. 1995; E. de Melo 1143; HUEFS [HUEFS019942] ! • “ <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-39.083054&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-12.533055" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -39.083054/lat -12.533055)">Cachoeira</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-39.083054&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-12.533055" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -39.083054/lat -12.533055)">Vale dos Rios Paraguaçu e Jacuípe</a> ”; 12°32′ S, 39°05′ W [12°31′59″ S, 39°4′59″ W]; Sep. 1980; Grupo Pedra do Cavalo 747; CEPEC [CEPEC00036791] ! • “ Jussari, Ca 2.5km N of Palmira on road connecting Palmira to the Itaju do Colônia-Itapé Road, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-39.56889&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-15.146667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -39.56889/lat -15.146667)">Fazenda São Roque</a>, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-39.56889&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-15.146667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -39.56889/lat -15.146667)">owner Luis Fernando Verde</a> ”; 15°8′48″ S, 39°34′8″ W; alt. 250 m; 14 Mar. 2001; W.W. Thomas 12313; CEPEC [CEPEC00088237]!, HUEFS [HUEFS184309]!, MBML [MBML042597]!, NY [NY01282053]!, RB [RB00484198]!, UFRN [UFRN00013825] ! • “ Fazenda Teimoso, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-39.530556&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-15.153333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -39.530556/lat -15.153333)">Reserva Serra do Teimoso</a>, a N. do portão da reserva ”; 15°9′12″ S, 39°31′50″ W; alt. 275 m; 16 Mar. 2003; W.W. Thomas 13393; CEPEC [CEPEC00098362]!, RB [RB00485209] ! • “ Vitória da Conquista, Área ao S. da BR-106, ca 25 km a E. da cidade, ao longo da Rodovia 4 km a W. de São Sebastião ”; [14°45′4″ S, 40°40′47″ W]; 16 Jul. 1991; D.M. Johnson 1838; CEPEC [CEPEC00064458] !. – Minas Gerais • “ <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-40.380886&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-16.120945" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -40.380886/lat -16.120945)">Jacinto</a>, estrada Jacinto-Almenara, 10 km de Jacinto. Encosta suave ao norte da estrada, ao lado da antiga estrada de terra ”; 16°07′15.4″ S, 40°22′51.2″ W; 29 Oct. 2008; R. Mello-Silva 3140; SPF ! • “ Estrada Almenara-Jacinto, ca 50 km de Almenara. Lado esquerdo da estrada ”; 16°7′25″ S, 40°22′51″ W; 23 Jan. 2004; J. Costa 459; HUEFS [HUEFS077729]!, SPF !.</p><p>Description</p><p>Shrubs or trees, 1–8 m tall. Leaves chartaceous, petiole 1–4 mm long, lamina 4.2–10 × 2–5 cm, narrowly elliptic to elliptic, wide elliptic or lanceolate to oblanceolate, abaxial surface glabrous to glabrescent or densely covered in trichomes, adaxial surface glabrous, base asymmetric, acute to decurrent or obtuse to rounded, apex acuminate to acute, attenuate to obtuse, primary vein impressed adaxially and raised abaxially, 7–14 pairs of secondary veins, angles between primary and secondary veins 45–60°. Inflorescence one-flowered, supra-axillary or terminal, bracts absent. Flowers with pedicel 1–6 mm long, flower buds 4–6 × 1–2 mm, cylindrical with obtuse apex, covered in trichomes. Sepals completely connate, calyx cupuliform, apex truncate, 3–6 × 2–7 mm, densely covered in trichomes. Petals linear, white or yellowish, 9–15 mm long, glabrous to glabrescent, stamens 6, ca 3 × 0.5 mm, carpels 2–4, ca 2.5–3 × 0.5 mm. Monocarp 1, globose to ellipsoid, 1 cm long, glabrescent, sessile, calyx persistent. Seeds 2, 9–10 × 6–7 mm, with aril.</p><p>Distribution and habitat</p><p>Hornschuchia lianarum occurs mainly inland in Bahia, with only one location in the north of Minas Gerais, close to the border with Bahia. The species is found in seasonal semideciduous forest, seasonal deciduous forest, also known as ʻlianaʼ forest, and in lowland tropical moist forest (Gouvêa et al. 1976; Thomas &amp; Barbosa 2008; Fig. 3). In both the seasonal semideciduous and deciduous forests, the dry season is between June and September (Mori &amp; Silva 1979).</p><p>Phenology</p><p>Flowering from January to November and fruiting from March to August.</p><p>Preliminary conservation status</p><p>The inferred EOO was 29 760 km 2 and AOO was 28 km 2. Hornschuchia lianarum is only known from four localities and the region it inhabits has been suffering with progressive loss of habitat (Landau et al. 2008; Mori &amp; Silva 1979). The species should be considered Endangered, EN B2ab(iii), according to the IUCN (2012) criteria.</p><p>Notes</p><p>The specimen Noblick 3274 from Feira de Santana, Bahia, is one of the paratypes of H. lianarum (Johnson &amp; Murray 1995), but it is, in fact, Oxandra saxicola Maas &amp; Junikka, a species that occurs in the Cerrado, Brazil, and in the chiquitano, Bolivia (Junikka et al. 2016). Oxandra saxicola shares with H. lianarum the one-flowered inflorescence, small, whitish flowers and globose monocarps. However, O. saxicola has 3–5 bracts (vs ebracteate) and flowers with ca 20 stamens (vs 6) and 5–10 carpels (vs 3).</p><p>Hornschuchia lianarum, together with H. mediterranea and H. mellosilvae, inhabits semideciduous forest of Bahia. Moreover, the three species have in common the largest calyces in the genus (3–8 × 2–7 mm). Hornschuchia lianarum is different from the other two by the cylindrical bud (vs globose to rounded to conical). In addition, H. lianarum can be differentiated from H. mellosilvae by the smaller, 9–10 × 6–7 mm, globose to ellipsoid and sessile monocarps with rounded apex (vs 20–24 × 9–12 mm, obloid monocarps with acute apex, with a stipe 1–2 mm long). Hornschuchia lianarum differs from H. mediterranea by its cylindrical floral bud with obtuse apex and fruit with 1 monocarp with persistent calyx (vs floral bud globose to ovoid to conical with acute apex and fruit with 2–5 monocarps with caducous calyx).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C887E4010DFFD2FDE2FDADFE177966	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Vilela, Lucas;Lopes, Jenifer De Carvalho	Vilela, Lucas, Lopes, Jenifer De Carvalho (2022): Hornschuchia (Annonaceae), an endemic and threatened genus from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. European Journal of Taxonomy 828: 75-108, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.828.1859, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.828.1859
03C887E40112FFD0FE15FA63FEA07F3A.text	03C887E40112FFD0FE15FA63FEA07F3A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Hornschuchia mediterranea Mello-Silva & D. M. Johnson	<div><p>Hornschuchia mediterranea Mello-Silva &amp; D.M.Johnson</p><p>Figs 4B–C, 5</p><p>Phytotaxa 483 (3): 286, figs 1–2 (Mello-Silva et al. 2021).</p><p>Type: BRAZIL – Bahia • “ <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-39.57133&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-15.138166" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -39.57133/lat -15.138166)">Jussari</a>. <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-39.57133&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-15.138166" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -39.57133/lat -15.138166)">Fazenda São Roque</a>, 2.8 km em estrada vicinal à direita da estrada Jussari-Palmira, entrada a 13.8 km além da ponte sobre o rio Piabanha, na saída de Jussari (entrada à esquerda a 2 km de Palmira no sentido Palmira – Jussari), mata semidecidual de encosta, antropizada ”; 15°08′17.4″ S 39°34′16.8″ W; alt. 211 m; 28 Oct. 2008; R. Mello-Silva 3138; holotype: SPF [SPF00220462]!; isotypes: CEPEC!, K!, NY!, OWU!, RB!, W !.</p><p>Material examined</p><p>BRAZIL – Bahia • “ Antônio Cardoso, 20 km de Feira de Santana, na BR-116, Fazenda Sossego ”; 12°21′56″ S, 39°06′33″ W; 11 Aug. 1999; E. Mello et al. 2774; SPF ! • “ Jussari, ca 2.5 km N of Palmira on road connecting Palmira to the Itaju do Colonia-Itapé road, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-39.571667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-15.138333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -39.571667/lat -15.138333)">Fazenda São Roque</a> (<a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-39.571667&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-15.138333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -39.571667/lat -15.138333)">owner Luis Fernando Verde</a>)”; 15°08.3′ S, 39°34.3′ W; alt. 300–450 m; 2 Feb 1999; W.W. Thomas 11935; SPF ! • ibid.; 15°08.476′ S, 39°34.749′ W; alt. 250–300 m; 14 Mar. 2001; W.W. Thomas 12313; SPF ! • “ Fazenda Serra do Teimoso, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-39.530556&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-15.153333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -39.530556/lat -15.153333)">Reserva Serra do Teimoso</a> ”; 15°09′12″ S, 39°31′50″ W; 16 Mar. 2003; W.W. Thomas 13393; SPF ! • “ Mundo Novo, entrada para a cidade próximo a BA-052 (Estrada do Feijão) ”; 11°52′35″ S, 40°27′9″ W; alt. 465 m; 11 Aug. 1999; E. Mello et al. 2784; SPF !.</p><p>Description</p><p>Shrubs or trees, 1.5–8 m tall. Leaves chartaceous to coriaceous, petiole 2–6 mm long, lamina 4.4– 15.5 × 2.3–5.8 cm, narrowly elliptic to elliptic, narrowly ovate or lanceolate to oblanceolate, adaxial surface glabrous and abaxial surface glabrous to glabrescent, base cuneate to acute, apex attenuate to acute, slightly acuminate or obtuse, primary vein impressed adaxially and raised abaxially, 7–12 pairs of secondary veins, angles between primary and secondary veins 40–60°. Inflorescence one-flowered, axillary, supra-axillary, terminal or leaf-opposed, bracts absent. Flowers with pedicel 4–6 mm long, flower buds 3–6 × 1–3 mm, globose to ovoid to conical with acute apex, covered in trichomes. Sepals completely connate, calyx cupuliform, apex truncate to triangular, 3–6 × 4–7 mm, densely covered in trichomes. Petals linear, white, rarely yellowish, 6–9 mm long, covered in trichomes, stamens 3–6, 2–3 × ca 1 mm long, carpels 5–8, 2–3 mm long. Monocarps 2–5, globose to ellipsoid, 8–13 × 5–9 mm, densely covered in trichomes, sessile, calyx caducous. Seeds 3–4, wide obovoid to ellipsoid, 7–7.2 × 4 mm, obovoid to ellipsoid, brownish, rugose, with aril.</p><p>Distribution and habitat</p><p>Hornschuchia mediterranea occurs inland in Bahia. It inhabits seasonal semideciduous forest, seasonal deciduous forest and lowland tropical moist forest (Gouvêa et al. 1976; Thomas &amp; Barbosa 2008), with one occurrence near the Caatinga domain, a xeric vegetation type, in the municipality of Mundo Novo (Figs 5, 7A).</p><p>Phenology</p><p>Flowering from February to April and fruiting from February to August.</p><p>Preliminary conservation status</p><p>Endangered, EN B2ab(iii) (Mello-Silva et al. 2021).</p><p>Notes</p><p>Hornschuchia mediterranea is similar to H. mellosilvae in its larger calyx and globose, rounded or conical floral bud (Fig. 4B–C). However, H. mediterranea has smaller petals (6–9 mm long vs 9–24 mm long) fewer stamens (3–6 vs 10), more carpels (5–8 vs 4) and globose to ellipsoid monocarps, 6–11 × 3–9 mm, with rounded apex and densely covered in trichomes (vs obloid with acute apex, 20–24 × 9–12 mm, glabrous).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C887E40112FFD0FE15FA63FEA07F3A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Vilela, Lucas;Lopes, Jenifer De Carvalho	Vilela, Lucas, Lopes, Jenifer De Carvalho (2022): Hornschuchia (Annonaceae), an endemic and threatened genus from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. European Journal of Taxonomy 828: 75-108, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.828.1859, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.828.1859
03C887E40110FFD1FE2DFCB5FAFA7E25.text	03C887E40110FFD1FE2DFCB5FAFA7E25.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Hornschuchia mellosilvae L. Vilela & J. C. Lopes	<div><p>Hornschuchia mellosilvae L.Vilela &amp; J.C.Lopes</p><p>Fig. 6</p><p>Phytotaxa 520 (3): 274, figs 1–2 (Lopes et al. 2021).</p><p>Type: BRAZIL – Bahia • “ <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-39.713055&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-14.640833" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -39.713055/lat -14.640833)">Almadina</a>, Rodovia de Almadina para Ibitupã ca 20 km. Fazenda São Roque, ca 10 km da entrada do ramal à esquerda ”; 14°38′27″ S, 39°42′47″ W; 12 Mar. 2005; P. Fiaschi 2784; holotype: SPF [SPF00168936]!; isotypes: CEPEC [CEPEC00104268]!, NY [NY01282018] !.</p><p>Material examined</p><p>BRAZIL – Bahia • “ <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-39.113747&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-12.380806" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -39.113747/lat -12.380806)">Antônio Cardoso</a>, 20 km de Feira de Santana, na BR-116, Fazenda Sossego”; [12°22′50.9″ S, 39°06′49.5″ W]; 14Apr. 1995; E. Mello 1143; SPF [SPF00146918]!, SPF [SPF00133100] !.</p><p>Description</p><p>Shrubs or treelets. Leaves chartaceous to subcoriaceous, petiole 2–7 mm long, lamina 6–11.6 × 2.4– 5.3 cm, narrowly elliptic to elliptic or lanceolate, both surfaces glabrous, base cuneate to acute or obtuse, apex acuminate to acute or obtuse, primary vein impressed adaxially and raised abaxially, 8–12 secondary veins, angles between primary and secondary veins 50–60°. Inflorescence one-flowered, supra-axillary or terminal or ramiflorous, bracts absent. Flowers with pedicel 2–4 mm long, flower buds 5–7 × 2–3 mm, conical, densely to sparsely covered in trichomes. Sepals completely connate, calyx cupuliform, apex truncate, 3–8 × 2–5 mm, densely covered in trichomes. Petals linear, white, outer petals (9–)20–24 × (1.5–) 2–3 mm, inner petals 15 × 3 mm, densely covered in trichomes, stamens 10, ca 4 × 0.5 mm, carpels 4, ca 5.5 × 1 mm, densely covered in trichomes. Monocarp 1, obloid with acute apex, rugose, 20–24 × 9–12 mm, glabrous, green in vivo, stipe 1–2 mm long, calyx persistent. Seeds 4, obloid-flattened, 15–18 × 8 mm, with aril.</p><p>Distribution and habitat</p><p>Hornschuchia mellosilvae occurs inland in Bahia. It inhabits semideciduous seasonal forest and lowland tropical moist forest (Gouvêa et al. 1976; Thomas &amp; Barbosa 2008; Fig. 6).</p><p>Phenology</p><p>Flowering from March to April, fruiting in March.</p><p>Preliminary conservation status</p><p>Endangered, EN B2ab(iii) (Lopes et al. 2021).</p><p>Notes</p><p>Hornschuchia mellosilvae and H. bryotrophe are the only species in the genus with ramiflory. However, H. bryotrophe is easily recognized by its leaves with evident commissural veins (Fig. 2B), absent in H. mellosilvae . Some individuals of H. mellosilvae also present supra-axillary or terminal inflorescence, features shared with H. mediterranea . See note under H. mediterranea to differentiate the two species.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C887E40110FFD1FE2DFCB5FAFA7E25	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Vilela, Lucas;Lopes, Jenifer De Carvalho	Vilela, Lucas, Lopes, Jenifer De Carvalho (2022): Hornschuchia (Annonaceae), an endemic and threatened genus from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. European Journal of Taxonomy 828: 75-108, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.828.1859, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.828.1859
03C887E40111FFD7FDBEFDAEFDED7878.text	03C887E40111FFD7FDBEFDAEFDED7878.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Hornschuchia myrtillus Nees	<div><p>Hornschuchia myrtillus Nees</p><p>Fig. 5</p><p>Flora 4 (1): 302 (Nees 1821).</p><p>Type: BRAZIL – Bahia • “ Ilhéus ”, “Str. v. C. F. B.” [“Strasse des Capitains Filisberto”, via Felisbertia]; Nov. 1816; M.A.P. z. Wied-Neuwied s.n.; holotype: BR [BR0000006592400]!; isotypes: BR [BR0000006593711]! (specimen from the herbarium collection of Martius), MEL [MEL2123974]!, NY [NY00026101]! (fragment) .</p><p>Material examined</p><p>BRAZIL – Bahia •“ Almadina: Rodovia de Almadina para Ibitupã, ca 20 km.Fazenda São Roque, ca 10 km da entrada do ramal ”; 14°38′27″ S, 39°42′47″ W; 12 Mar. 2005; P. Fiaschi 2743; CEPEC [CEPEC00104051]!, MBM [MBM321118]!, NY [NY00886759]!, RB [RB00484207]!, SPF ! • ibid.; 14°38′28″ S, 39°42′47″ W; 1 Feb. 2005; J.G. Jardim 4508; CEPEC [CEPEC00112902]!, RB [RB00495869] ! • “ Ilhéus ”, “ In sylvis udis ad fl. da Caxoeira et Ferradas in Ilheos . Provinciae Bahiensis ”; Dec. 1818; C.F.P. von Martius s.n.; M [M0240085]!, M [M0240087]!, M [M0240086]! (label “Provinciae Rio d. J.” probably an error, see Johnson &amp; Murray (1995)) • “ Itamarajú, Rodovia para São Paulinho ”; [16°56′03.2″ S, 39°34′05.6″ W]; 6 Apr. 1971; T.S. Santos 1569; CEPEC [CEPEC00006771]!, NY [NY00395814] ! • “ Itanhém, Estrada Itanhaém a Batinga, ca 16 km. Ramal a direita, dando acesso à Fazenda Pedra Grande, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-40.426113&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-17.138056" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -40.426113/lat -17.138056)">de Prop. de Etevaldo Rezende da Silva</a> ”; 17°8′17″ S, 40°25′34″ W; 29 Dec. 2004; A.M. Amorim 4611; SPF!, CEPEC [CEPEC00106981]!, NY [NY01873567] ! • “ Prado, Km 21 da Rodovia Itamaraju-Prado ”; 17 Feb. 1994; J.R Pirani 2988; SPF!, NY [NY00395815] ! • ibid.; 17°10′ S, 39°24′ W; 9 Feb. 1994; J.A. Kallunki et al. 465; CEPEC [CEPEC00060979]!, K [K001191165]!, NY [NY00395779]!, SPF ! • ibid.; 17°9′41″ S, 39°23′57″ W; alt. 50 m; 19 Jul. 1996; R. Mello-Silva et al. 1171; SPF ! • “ Rodovia BA-284, trecho Prado/Itamaraju, ca 65 Km a NW de Prado ”; [17°00′29.8″ S, 39°36′18.2″ W]; 18 Oct. 1978; S.A. Mori 10658; CEPEC [CEPEC00014741] ! • “ Santo Antônio de Jesus ” ( Varzedo *), “ Rodovia para São Miguel das Matas e Amargosa, 7km do trevo com a BR 101 ”; [12°58′32.1″ S, 39°20′30.4″]; alt. 40 m; 30 Jan. 1993; J.R. Pirani et al. 2701; NY [NY00395812]!, NY [NY00395811]!, SPF ! • “ São Miguel das Matas, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-39.47278&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-12.982194" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -39.47278/lat -12.982194)">Fazenda Rio Vermelho</a> ”; [12°58′55.9″ S, 39°28′22.0″ W]; 25 Jun. 2003; G. Hatschbach 75700; MBM [MBM284437] ! • “ Minas Gerais ” (Bahia*), “ <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-39.92139&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-16.02861" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -39.92139/lat -16.02861)">Salto da Divisa</a> ” (<a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-39.92139&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-16.02861" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -39.92139/lat -16.02861)">Itagimirim</a> *), “ <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-39.92139&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-16.02861" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -39.92139/lat -16.02861)">Estação Repetidora de Salto da Divisa</a>, 1.9 km a S de Salto da Divisa/Itagimirim, 7.1Km a E de Salto da Divisa ”; 16°01′43″ S, 39°55′17″ W; alt. 495 m; 31 Jan. 2004; W.W. Thomas 13723; CEPEC [CEPEC00103254]!, NY [NY01091758] !. – Espírito Santo • “ Linhares, BR-101, Km. 122, N of Linhares, Reserva Florestal do CVRD, Estrada Farinha Seca, Km 3, S side of road. ”; ca 19°20′ S, 40°3′ W; 20 Jan. 1993; J.A. Kallunki 356; MBM [MBM181236]!, NY [NY00395813]!, SPF ! • ibid., “ <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-40.05&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-19.333334" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -40.05/lat -19.333334)">RFL-001/80 bloco E, trat.02</a> ”; 14 Feb. 2007; G.S. Siqueira 307; SPF ! • ibid.; 19°11′ S, 39°54′ W; alt. 30 m; 8 May 2009; P.J.M. Maas 9853; NY [NY02699054]!, SPF ! • ibid.; 19°11′07.3″ S, 39°55′23.8″ W; alt. 23 m; 25 Nov. 2009; A. Lobão et al. 1531; SAMES [SAMES00219]!, SPF!, VIES [VIES024741] ! • ibid.; 27 Dec. 1999; D.A. Folli 3540; SPF!, RB [RB00484652] ! • ibid.; 19°11′10.9″ S, 39°54′50.3″ W; alt. 16 m; 3 Dec. 2010; J.C. Lopes et al. 122; MBML [MBML049129]!, RB [RB00755525]!, SPF ! • ibid.; 19°11′12.1″ S, 39°54′53.4″ W; alt. 32 m; 3 Dec. 2010; J.C. Lopes et al. 147; RB [RB00755518]!, SPF ! • ibid.; 19°11′13.3″ S, 39°54′49.6″ W; alt. 44 m; 3 Dec. 2010; J.C. Lopes et al. 364; SPF ! • “ Pinheiros, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-40.14417&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-18.37" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -40.14417/lat -18.37)">Reserva Biológica Córrego do Veado</a> ”; 18°22′12″ S, 40°8′39″ W; 24 Jan. 2011; A.O. Giaretta 916; SAMES [SAMES01774] ! • ibid.; 18°22′12″ S, 40°8′39″ W; 18 Dec. 2010; T.L. Rocha 93; SAMES [SAMES00220] ! • ibid., “ <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-40.14417&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-18.37" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -40.14417/lat -18.37)">Ponte do Paraju</a> ”; alt. 72 m; 17 Jun. 2002; L.S. Leoni 5846; RB [RB01178314]!, SPF !.</p><p>Description</p><p>Shrubs or trees, 0.3–6 m tall. Leaves chartaceous, petiole 0.5–4 mm long, lamina 4.9–12.5 × 2–5 cm, narrowly elliptic to elliptic, oblanceolate to narrowly oblong, obovate or rarely lanceolate, adaxial surface glabrous, abaxial surface glabrous to glabrescent, adaxial surface glabrous, base asymmetric, acute, decurrent or cuneate, apex acuminate, acute, attenuate or obtuse, primary vein impressed adaxially and raised abaxially, 7–12 pairs of secondary veins, angles between primary and secondary veins 40– 60°. Inflorescence one-flowered, axillary, supra-axillary, terminal or 2–12-flowered, flagelliflorous, inflorescence branches ramified, 10–100 cm long, running near the soil, bracts persistent, 1.5–6.9 × 0.6–2.8 cm. Flowers with pedicel 7–37 mm long, flower buds 3–8 × 1–3 mm, cylindrical with obtuse apex, covered in trichomes. Sepals completely connate, calyx cupuliform, apex truncate, 1–3 × 1–4 mm, densely covered in trichomes. Petals linear, white, 7–14 mm long, glabrous to glabrescent at the apex and densely covered at the base in trichomes, stamens 6, 2–3.5 × 0.5 mm, carpels 3–4, 3.5–4 × 0.5 mm. Monocarps 1–2, fusiform to ellipsoid, 14–40 × 3–5 mm, glabrous to glabrescent, green in vivo, stipe 2–3 mm long, calyx persistent. Seeds 1–2, set of seeds with the same shape as the monocarp, fitting obliquely, 9–12 × 4–5.5 mm, with aril.</p><p>Distribution and habitat</p><p>Hornschuchia myrtillus occurs in Bahia and Espírito Santo, with a single collection close to the border between Minas Gerais and Bahia. In Bahia, it occurs in lowland tropical moist forest and in seasonal semideciduous forest (Gouvêa et al. 1976; Thomas &amp; Barbosa 2008), in Espírito Santo, in tabuleiro forest (Peixoto et al. 2008; Fig. 5).</p><p>Phenology</p><p>Flowering from January to December, fruiting from February to December.</p><p>Conservation status</p><p>Vulnerable, B2ab(ii,iii) (Moraes et al. 2020).</p><p>Notes</p><p>The type locality of H. myrtillus is the same as H. bryotrophe, see note under the latter.</p><p>The description of H. myrtillus has been updated (Johnson &amp; Murray 1995) to include information from the several new collections made in the last 27 years, such as plant size, variation in the inflorescence and fruit dimensions. The inflorescence in H. myrtillus can be either axillary, supra-axillary to terminal with one flower or flagelliflorous, inflorescence branched into axes 10–100 cm long, running near the soil, and 2–12-flowered. These two types of inflorescences have been found in the same individual (Lopes &amp; Mello-Silva 2014). When with single-flowered inflorescence, H. myrtillus is similar to H. alba, see note under the latter to differentiate the two species. The individuals with flagelliflory resemble H. polyantha . However, H. myrtillus has a calyx densely covered in trichomes (vs glabrescent) and inflorescence with persistent bracts (vs caducous bracts).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C887E40111FFD7FDBEFDAEFDED7878	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Vilela, Lucas;Lopes, Jenifer De Carvalho	Vilela, Lucas, Lopes, Jenifer De Carvalho (2022): Hornschuchia (Annonaceae), an endemic and threatened genus from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. European Journal of Taxonomy 828: 75-108, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.828.1859, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.828.1859
03C887E40117FFD4FDE0FB73FA8C79EE.text	03C887E40117FFD4FDE0FB73FA8C79EE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Hornschuchia obliqua Maas & Setten	<div><p>Hornschuchia obliqua Maas &amp; Setten</p><p>Figs 4D, 5</p><p>Proceedings of the Koninklijke Nederlandse Akademie van Wetenschappen, Series C: Biological and Medical Sciences 91 (3): 260, figs 18–19 (Maas et al. 1988).</p><p><a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-39.05628&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-13.572888" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -39.05628/lat -13.572888)">Type</a>: BRAZIL – Bahia • “ Cairu, Estrada Cairu-Ituberá, 8 km S de Cairu ”; [13°34′22.4″ S, 39°03′22.6″ W]; 26 Jul. 1981; A.M. Carvalho 798; holotype: CEPEC [CEPEC00024357]!; isotypes: CEPEC [CEPEC00050811]!, NY [NY00008356]!, U [U0000334] !.</p><p>Material examined</p><p>BRAZIL – Bahia •“ Ilhéus, Distrito de Castelo Novo, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-39.18789&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-14.655194" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -39.18789/lat -14.655194)">fazenda Almada</a>, coletas no km 4na estrada para estação experimental do Almada e o povoado de Ribeira das Pedras, entrada no km 20 da rodovia Ilhéus/Uruçuca ”; [14°39′18.7″ S, 39°11′16.4″ W]; alt. 110 m; 8 Feb. 1996; L.A.M. Silva 3355; CEPEC [CEPEC00070901] ! • “ Uruçuca, Distrito de Serra Grande, 7.3 km na estrada Serra Grande/Itacaré, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-39.061665&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-14.423056" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -39.061665/lat -14.423056)">Fazenda Lagoa do Conjunto Fazenda Santa Cruz</a> ”; 14°25′23″ S, 39°3′42″ W; 11–21 Sep. 1991; A.M. de Carvalho et al. 3602; CEPEC [CEPEC00052187]!, HUEFS [HUEFS013892]!, MBM [MBM158839]!, NY [NY00395805]!, US [US01346587] ! • ibid.; 14°25′24″ S, 39°3′38″ W; 15 Nov. 1995; W.W. Thomas et al. 11019; ALCB [ALCB004564]!, CEPEC [CEPEC00068119]!, MBM [MBM194749] ! • ibid.; 14°25′ S, 39°01′ W; 7 Sep. 1991; A.M. de Carvalho et al. 3649; CEPEC [CEPEC00052143]!, HUEFS [HUEFS013893]!, MBM [MBM158840]!, NY [NY00395807] ! • ibid.; 1–12 Jul. 1991; W.W. Thomas 8041; NY [NY00395804] ! • ibid.; 1–12 Jul. 1991; A.M. de Carvalho 3350; ALCB [ALCB004359]!, CEPEC [CEPEC00052214]!, NY [NY00395806]!, RB [RB01351907]!, US [US01346588] ! • ibid.; 6 Oct. 1992; A.M. Amorim 794; CEPEC [CEPEC00056662, NY [00395802]!, NY [NY00395803]!, RB [RB00042097]!, US [US01346586] ! • ibid.; 1–12 Jul. 1991; W.W. Thomas 6933; CEPEC [CEPEC0005328] ! • ibid., “ 7 km na estrada Serra Grande/Itacaré, local do Inventário Florestal ”; 10 Oct. 1995; A.M. de Carvalho et al. 6132; CEPEC [CEPEC00066687]!, MBM [MBM187066]!, NY [NY00395801] ! • ibid., “ rodovia BA-001 Ilhéus/ Itacaré, ca 4.5 km do distrito de Serra Grande ”; 5 Jul. 2001; J.G. Jardim 3721; NY [NY00684332] !.</p><p>Description</p><p>Shrubs or trees, 1.5–8 m tall. Leaves chartaceous, petiole 1–3 mm long, lamina 12–31.5 × 3.6–10.3 cm, oblanceolate to narrowly oblong or narrowly elliptic, both surfaces glabrous, base asymmetric or cuneate, apex acuminate, acute, attenuate, primary vein impressed adaxially and raised abaxially, 9–18 pairs of secondary veins, angles between primary and secondary veins 30–45°. Inflorescence 3–8-flowered, in shortened, highly ramified branches, terminal or supra-axillary, bracts rarely persistent, 1.0–1.3 × 0.4–0.5 cm. Flowers with pedicel 3–30 mm long, flower buds 3–6 × 1–2 mm, cylindrical with obtuse apex, covered in trichomes. Sepals completely connate, calyx cupuliform, apex truncate, 2–4 × 1–4 mm, glabrescent. Petals linear, white, 7–7.5 mm long, glabrous, stamens 6, 2.5–3 × 0.5 mm, carpels 3, 2.4–3 × 0.5 mm. Monocarps 1–2, fusiform, 15–45 × 5–8 mm, densely covered in trichomes, immature monocarps whitish in vivo, sessile. Seeds 1–2.</p><p>Distribution and habitat</p><p>Hornschuchia obliqua is endemic to Bahia, where it occurs in lowland tropical moist forest (Gouvêa et al. 1976; Thomas &amp; Barbosa 2008; Fig. 5).</p><p>Phenology</p><p>Flowering from February to October, fruiting from July to November.</p><p>Conservation status</p><p>Endangered, EN B1ab(i,ii,iii)+2ab(i,ii,iii) (Amorim et al. 2020b). Hornschuchia obliqua is only known from three localities. It has not been collected in 19 years.</p><p>Notes</p><p>Hornschuchia obliqua and H. santosii have 3–12-flowered inflorescences, which are axillary, terminal (Fig. 4D) or leaf-opposed. However, H. obliqua differs from H. santosii by its cylindrical floral bud (vs conical), fusiform monocarp, 1.3–6 mm wide, densely covered in trichomes and whitish in vivo (vs globose, 16–19 mm wide, glabrous, green in vivo; Fig. 4E). The description of H. myrtillus has been updated (Johnson &amp; Murray 1995) with information regard the plant size and fruit dimensions.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C887E40117FFD4FDE0FB73FA8C79EE	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Vilela, Lucas;Lopes, Jenifer De Carvalho	Vilela, Lucas, Lopes, Jenifer De Carvalho (2022): Hornschuchia (Annonaceae), an endemic and threatened genus from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. European Journal of Taxonomy 828: 75-108, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.828.1859, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.828.1859
03C887E40114FFDAFD89F9D9FB1C7E49.text	03C887E40114FFDAFD89F9D9FB1C7E49.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Hornschuchia polyantha Maas	<div><p>Hornschuchia polyantha Maas</p><p>Fig. 6</p><p>Proceedings of the Koninklijke Nederlandse Akademie van Wetenschappen, Series C: Biological and Medical Sciences 89 (3): 258, fig. 7 (Maas et al. 1986).</p><p>Type: BRAZIL – Bahia • (Una *), “ Km 9 da nova rodovia São José/Uma ”; 21 Apr. 1976; T.S. Santos 3099; holotype: CEPEC [CEPEC00012625]!; isotypes: NY [NY00026102]!, MBM [MBM117085]!, U [U0000335] !.</p><p>Material examined</p><p>BRAZIL – Bahia • “ Aurelino Leal, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-39.377136&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-14.342999" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -39.377136/lat -14.342999)">10–11 km W of BR-101 on road from,Aurelino Leal to Lage do Banco</a> ”; [14°20′34.8″ S, 39°22′37.7″ W]; 16 Feb. 1994; J.A. Kallunki et al. 547; CEPEC [CEPEC00066789]!, NY [NY00395790]!, SPF ! • ibid.; 3 May 1992; W.W. Thomas 9086; CEPEC [CEPEC00056483]!, MBM [MBM284834]!, NY [NY00395788] ! • ibid.; [14°20′43.2″ S, 39°22′54.7″ W]; alt. 175–200 m; 30 Oct. 2001; W.W. Thomas et al. 12675; CEPEC [CEPEC00091105]!, NY [NY00684351]!, RB [RB00484693]!, SPF ! • “ Buerarema, Rodovia Buerarema- São José da Vitória (BR-101), <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-39.288887&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-15.105278" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -39.288887/lat -15.105278)">ramal à esquerda, ca 15 km de Buerarema, ca 9.5 km da BR, Fazenda Sta. Rosa, entrada ca 500m à direita, proprietário: José Elias</a> ”; 15°06′19″ S, 39°17′20″ W; 5 Feb. 2003; P. Fiaschi et al. 1287; CEPEC [CEPEC00096080]!, NY [NY00821927]!, RB [RB00484690]!, SPF ! • “ Camacã, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-39.4235&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-15.551306" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -39.4235/lat -15.551306)">BR-101 ao Rio Pardo</a> ”; [15°33′04.7″ S, 39°25′24.6″ W]; 24 May 1971; T.S. Santos 1690; NY [NY00395792] ! • “ Gongogi, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-39.463306&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-14.2272215" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -39.463306/lat -14.2272215)">Barragem do funil</a> ”; [14°13′38.0″ S, 39°27′47.9″ W]; 16 Nov. 1971; T.S. Santos 2157; NY [NY00395793] ! • “ Itajuípe, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-39.35111&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-14.528527" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -39.35111/lat -14.528527)">rodovia Itajuípe/Ubaitaba, 12Km N Banco Central</a> ”; [14°31′42.7″ S, 39°21′04.0″ W]; 24 Apr. 1965; R.P. Belém 879; CEPEC [CEPEC00001279] ! • “ Itapebi, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-39.517666&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-15.881194" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -39.517666/lat -15.881194)">Fazenda Lombardia BR-101 a Fazenda Ventania</a> ”; [15°52′52.3″ S, 39°31′03.6″ W]; 19 Aug. 1971; T.S. Santos 1859; CEPEC [CEPEC00007096] ! • “ Mascote, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-39.3825&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-15.613973" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -39.3825/lat -15.613973)">Estrada de terra ao longo da encosta da margem norte do rio Pardo</a>, em direção a jusante, 7 km da ponte da BR- 101 sobre o rio ”; 15°36′50.3″ S, 39°22′57.0″ W; 26 Oct. 2008; R. Mello-Silva et al. 3132; SPF ! • “ Entrada na cabeceira da ponte do Rio Pardo BR-101, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-39.372498&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-15.6066675" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -39.372498/lat -15.6066675)">próximo de São João do Paraiso</a>, Fazenda Ai Tais a ca 5.5 km da BR 101, área localizada depois do rio Pardo, travessia de canoa ”; 15º36′24″ S, 39º22′21″ W; 27 Dec. 2004; A.M. Amorim et al. 4572; RB [RB00421327]!, SPF ! • “ Ubaitaba, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-39.413445&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-14.255472" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -39.413445/lat -14.255472)">rodovia Ubaitaba/Lages, 8 km de Ubaitaba</a> ”; [14°15′19.7″ S, 39°24′48.4″ W]; 25 Apr. 1965; R.P. Belém 936; CEPEC [CEPEC00001115]!, IAN [IAN119427]!, NY [NY00395795]!, NY [NY00395796] ! • “ <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-39.233334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-15.05" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -39.233334/lat -15.05)">Una, 9 km from São José and BR-101 on road to Una, on S side of road in forest</a> ”; 15º03′ S, 39º14′ W; 4 Feb. 1993; J.A. Kallunki et al. 428; CEPEC [CEPEC00060939]!, HUEFS [HUEFS017561]!, MBM [MBM181237]!, NY [NY00395791]!, SPF ! • ibid.; 20 Jan. 1982; T.S. Santos 3712; CEPEC [CEPEC00028035] ! • ibid.; 15º4′15″ S, 39º18′35″ W; 18 Mar. 1999; J.G. Jardim et al. 2064; CEPEC [CEPEC00087825]! NY [NY00583368]!, SPF ! • “Estrada São José-Una. Coletas efetuadas no km 9 a partir da BR, Fazenda Santa Rosa”; 8 Oct. 1992; A.M. Amorim 827; CEPEC [CEPEC00056585]!, HUEFS [HUEFS013176]!, NY [NY00395798]!, NY [NY00395797]!, RB [RB00042107]!, US[US01346589]!, US[US01346590] ! • “ <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-39.25&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-15.133333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -39.25/lat -15.133333)">8.8 km a E BR-101, rodovia São José/Una</a> ”; 15°08′ S, 39°15′ W; 28 Oct. 1993; W.W. Thomas 10176; CEPEC [CEPEC 00059818]!, NY [NY00395789] !.</p><p>Description</p><p>Shrubs or trees, 0.5–6 m tall. Leaves chartaceous, petiole 1–5 mm long, lamina 6.3–19(–22) × 2.2–6.6 cm, narrowly elliptic to elliptic, lanceolate to oblanceolate, narrowly oblong or narrowly ovate, both surfaces glabrous, base cuneate to acute, apex acuminate to acute or attenuate, primary vein impressed adaxially and raised abaxially, 8–18 pairs of secondary veins, angles between primary and secondary veins 40– 60°. Inflorescence 2–17-flowered in highly ramified branches, flagelliflorous, inflorescence branches 10–100 cm long or shortened branches ca 4.5 cm long, rarely one-flowered, terminal, bracts caducous, 2.0–7.4 × 0.3–2.8 cm. Flowers with pedicel 2–12 mm long, flower buds 2–8 × 1–2.5 mm, cylindrical with obtuse apex, covered in trichomes. Sepals completely connate, calyx cupuliform, apex truncate, 1.5–4 × 1–4 mm, glabrescent. Petals linear, white, 5–11.5 mm long, densely covered in trichomes, stamens 6, 3–4 × 0.5 mm, carpels 3, 2.5–4 × 0.5 mm. Monocarps 1–3, ellipsoid to narrowly ellipsoid, 8–30 × 2–5 mm, glabrous, green in vivo, sessile, calyx persistent. Seeds 1–2, ellipsoid, 10 × 4–5 mm (Maas et al. 1986).</p><p>Distribution and habitat</p><p>Hornschuchia polyantha is endemic to Bahia, where it occurs in lowland tropical moist forest (Gouvêa et al. 1976; Thomas &amp; Barbosa 2008; Fig. 6).</p><p>Phenology</p><p>Flowering from February to December, fruiting from May to October.</p><p>Preliminary conservation status</p><p>Hornschuchia polyantha has an EOO of 3095 km 2 and an AOO of 48 km 2, its habitat is endangered due to deforestation (Landau et al. 2008). The conservation status is categorized as Endangered, EN B1ab(iii)+2ab(iii), according to IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria (IUCN 2012).</p><p>Notes</p><p>The description of H. polyantha has been updated (Johnson &amp; Murray 1995) in plant habit and size, leaf morphology, flower morphology and dimensions, and fruit dimensions. Hornschuchia polyantha is similar to H. myrtillus, see the note under the latter to differentiate the two species.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C887E40114FFDAFD89F9D9FB1C7E49	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Vilela, Lucas;Lopes, Jenifer De Carvalho	Vilela, Lucas, Lopes, Jenifer De Carvalho (2022): Hornschuchia (Annonaceae), an endemic and threatened genus from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. European Journal of Taxonomy 828: 75-108, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.828.1859, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.828.1859
03C887E4011AFFDBFDE8FD42FB147BE6.text	03C887E4011AFFDBFDE8FD42FB147BE6.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Hornschuchia santosii D. M. Johnson	<div><p>Hornschuchia santosii D.M.Johnson</p><p>Figs 4E, 6</p><p>Brittonia 47 (3): 303, fig. 24 (Johnson &amp; Murray 1995).</p><p>Type: BRAZIL – Bahia • ( Teixeira de Freitas *) , “Km 6 da rod. Teixeira de Freitas a Alcobaça”; [17°31′05.6″ S, 39°39′07.3″ W]; 9 Oct. 1971; T.S. dos Santos 2091; holotype: CEPEC [CEPEC00007576]!; isotype: NY [NY00008357] !.</p><p>Material examined</p><p>BRAZIL – Bahia • “Buerarema, Rodovia que liga Buerarema a Vila Brasil, km 14”; [15°03′40.9″ S, 39°14′28.1″W]; 9Feb.1982; A.M.de Carvalho 1172; CEPEC [CEPEC00028511]!, HEPH [HEPH00001089]!, NY [NY00395773] ! • ibid.; 9 Feb. 1982; A.M. de Carvalho 1175; CEPEC n.v., HEPH [HEPH00001087] ! • “ <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-39.183334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-15.366667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -39.183334/lat -15.366667)">Canavieiras</a> ” (<a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-39.183334&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-15.366667" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -39.183334/lat -15.366667)">Santa Luzia</a> *); 15º22′ S, 39º11′ W; alt. 100 m; 15 Aug. 1984; M.M. Santos 169; CEPEC [CEPEC00037788] ! • “ Santa Luzia, <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-39.201363&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-15.388389" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -39.201363/lat -15.388389)">Vila São João</a>. Reserva de mata do CEPLAC, entrada em bifurcação à direita da estrada Santa Luzia-Vila São João, 18, 5 km além do rio na saída de Santa Luzia, 4.6 km além da bifurcação e 1 km além de ponte de concreto da reserva”; 15º23′18.2″ S, 39º12′04.9″ W; alt. 97 m; 26 Oct. 2008; R. Mello-Silva et al. 3134; SPF ! • “ <a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-39.2&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-15.383333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -39.2/lat -15.383333)">Una</a> ” (<a href="https://tb.plazi.org/GgServer/search?materialsCitation.longitude=-39.2&amp;materialsCitation.latitude=-15.383333" title="Search Plazi for locations around (long -39.2/lat -15.383333)">Santa Luzia</a> *), “Estrada de Una para Santa Luzia, ca 1 km após a Vila São João, ca 20 km de Una, ramal à esquerda”; 15º23′ S, 39º12′ W; 4 Dec. 2002; P. Fiaschi 1226; CEPEC [CEPEC00094181]!, CEPEC00094205]!, NY [NY01806300]!, RB [RB00484635]!, SPF !.</p><p>Description</p><p>Shrubs or trees, 2–7 m tall. Leaves chartaceous, petiole 1–5 mm long, lamina 8.6–20.5(–25.7) × 2.8– 9.8 cm, narrowly oblong to elliptic, narrowly obovate to oblanceolate or narrowly ovate, both surfaces glabrous, base cuneate, rounded to obtuse, apex attenuate to acute or obtuse, primary vein impressed adaxially and raised abaxially, 9–14 pairs of secondary veins, raised adaxially, angles between primary and secondary veins 40–60°. Inflorescence 4–12-flowered in highly ramified branches, axillary, terminal or leaf-opposed, bracts absent. Flowers with pedicel 2–25 mm long, flower buds 4–9 × 1.5–3 mm, conical with rounded apex, covered in trichomes. Sepals completely connate, calyx cupuliform, apex truncate, 1–3 × 3–5 mm, densely covered in trichomes. Petals linear, white, 9–22 mm long, covered in trichomes, stamens 6–18, 2–3.5 × 0.5 mm, carpels 2–9, 1–3 × 0.5 mm. Monocarps 1–3, globose to ovoid with rounded to acute apex, 21–22 × 16–19 mm, glabrous, stipe 1.5 mm long, calyx persistent. Seeds 6–8, 12–15 × 7–8 mm, flattened ellipsoid with aril.</p><p>Distribution and habitat</p><p>Hornschuchia santosii is endemic to Bahia, only known from three localities, the municipalities of Buerarema, Santa Luzia and Teixeira de Freitas. The only records in the municipalities of Canavieiras, Santos 169, and Una, Fiaschi 1226, have their geographic coordinates in Santa Luzia, in the same place of the collection Mello-Silva 3134. This region is close to the border of these three municipalities; therefore, it is possible that the collections Santos 169 and Fiaschi 1226 were made in Santa Luzia. The species inhabits lowland tropical moist forest (Gouvêa et al. 1976; Thomas&amp; Barbosa 2008; Fig. 6).</p><p>Phenology</p><p>Flowering from February to December, fruiting in December.</p><p>Preliminary conservations status</p><p>Hornschuchia santosii has an EOO of 1378 km 2 and an AOO of 12 km 2. It has been found at three localities, one of them in a conservation unit. It has not been collected in 10 years. Moreover, as already mentioned, the region H. santosii inhabits is endangered due to deforestation (Landau et al. 2008). Therefore, it should be considered Endangered, EN B1ab(iii)+2ab(iii), according to IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria (IUCN 2012).</p><p>Notes</p><p>Hornschuchia santosii is the only species with up to 18 stamens and 9 carpels, it is similar to H. obliqua, the note under the latter describes the differences between them.</p><p>Distribution, endemism and conservation</p><p>Hornschuchia is a threatened genus, 11 of its 12 species are classified either as Critically Endangered, Endangered or Vulnerable. Only H. bryothophe is categorized as of Least Concern following the IUCN criteria (IUCN 2012) (Table 1). We have inferred the conservation status of five species: H. citriodora, H. leptandra, H. linanarum, H. polyantha and H. santosii, all classified as Endangered. The remaining species have already been classified. One species is Critically Endangered, H. alba, nine species are Endangered: H. cauliflora, H. citriodora, H. leptandra, H. lianarum, H. mediterranea, H. mellosilvae, H. obliqua, H. polyantha and H. santosii, while one is Vulnerable, H. myrtillus (Table 1).</p><p>Seven species are known from only five or fewer localities: H. citriodora, H. leptandra, H. lianarum, H. mediterranea, H. mellosilvae, H. obliqua and H. santosii (Table 1). Four species have not been collected in more than 17 years: H. alba, H. leptandra, H. mellosilvae and H. obliqua . Only four species are found in conservation units: H. bryotrophe, H. citriodora, H. leptandra and H. myrtillus .</p><p>Hornschuchia is endemic to the Brazilian Atlantic Forest, as defined by law (Brasil 2006), occurring from the State of Pernambuco to Rio de Janeiro (Fig. 7A). The species with the widest distribution is H. bryotrophe with a single collection in Pernambuco, its main distribution is from Bahia to Rio de Janeiro (Fig. 1). One species is endemic to Rio de Janeiro, H. alba (Fig. 1). Seven species are endemic to Bahia: H. cauliflora, H. leptandra, H. mediterranea, H. mellosilvae, H. polyantha, H. obliqua and H. santosii (Figs 3, 5–6). Most species occur in moist lowland tropical forest. Eight species also occur in seasonal semideciduous forest: H. alba, H. bryotrophe, H. cauliflora, H. leptandra, H. lianarum, H. mediterranea, H. mellosilvae and H. myrtillus (Figs 1, 3, 5–6). Hornschuchia lianarum and H. mediterranea reach the seasonal deciduous forest of Bahia and are the only species occurring in this type of vegetation (Figs 3, 5).</p><p>Southern Bahia is the centre of species richness for Hornschuchia (8 spp.); followed by northern Bahia (4 spp.) and northern Espírito Santo (3 spp.; Fig. 7B). Southern Bahia, the region close to Ilhéus, is also where most of the specimens have been collected, ranging from 13 to 18 records per cell (Fig. 7C). The second region where most of the species have been collected is Espírito Santo, close to Linhares, with eight records per cell (Fig. 7C).</p><p>The total points of occurrence for the species of Hornschuchia were 105. Two bioregions were identified, one including the coast of Bahia and northern Espírito Santo, bioregion 1; the other encompassing Rio de Janeiro and southern Espírito Santo, bioregion 2 (Fig. 7D, Table 2). Nine species are the most indicative for bioregion 1: Hornschuchia bryotrophe, H. cauliflora, H. polyantha, H. leptandra, H. lianarum, H. mediterranea, H. mellosilvae, H. obliqua and H. santosii (Table 2, Fig. 7D). In bioregion 2, the most indicative species are H. alba, H. citriodora and H. bryotrophe (Table 2, Fig. 7D).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C887E4011AFFDBFDE8FD42FB147BE6	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Vilela, Lucas;Lopes, Jenifer De Carvalho	Vilela, Lucas, Lopes, Jenifer De Carvalho (2022): Hornschuchia (Annonaceae), an endemic and threatened genus from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. European Journal of Taxonomy 828: 75-108, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.828.1859, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2022.828.1859
