identifier	taxonID	type	CVterm	format	language	title	description	additionalInformationURL	UsageTerms	rights	Owner	contributor	creator	bibliographicCitation
03C990075E7A0A4EFCABF972813E3156.text	03C990075E7A0A4EFCABF972813E3156.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Amaranthus palmeri S. Watson, Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts	<div><p>Amaranthus palmeri S.Watson, Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts, 12: 274. 1877.</p><p>© 2015 Filip Verloove, Nicola M. G. Ardenghi</p><p>( Amaranthaceae)</p><p>Naturalized neophyte new to the flora of Piemonte (Conti et al., 2005; Celesti-Grapow et al., 2009a; Iamonico et al., 2015; Iamonico, 2015).</p><p>Received: 10 th January 2015</p><p>Accepted for publication: 19 th April 2015</p><p>ITALY. Piemonte. Prov. Alessandria: Tortona, river Scrivia at railway bridge, gravelly riverbed, locally, along with A. tuberculatus, 09.09.2014, F. Verloove 11206 (BR) .</p><p>A native of the southwestern U.S.A. and Mexico, Amaranthus palmeri now occurs as a weed in Europe, Asia and Australia (Mosyakin &amp; Robertson, 2003). In Italy it was recently discovered in Emilia-Romagna, in the province of Ravenna (Iamonico et al. 2015; Iamonico, 2015). While for many decades it remained strictly casual in Europe (often associated with imported cereals or soybeans; e.g. Verloove &amp; Vandenberghe, 1993), it managed to naturalize locally in recent times, especially in the Mediterranean area. In Spain naturalized populations were detected around Lleida in 2007 (Verloove &amp; Sánchez Gullón, 2008) and soon afterwards it proved to have become a troublesome agricultural weed in maize fields there (Recasens et al., 2013). Elsewhere in the Mediterranean area stable populations are known from Israel and Greece (Raus &amp; Raabe, 2006). In Ravenna province the plant was regarded as casual (Iamonico et al., 2015; Iamonico, 2015), even though the species was confirmed for at least two years consecutively in the same site (see http://www.actaplantarum.org/floraitaliae/viewtopic.php?f=106&amp;t=67866, retrieved on December 2014); in Tortona the population is clearly naturalized.</p><p>Amaranthus palmeri is a dioecious species. In Italy a related species, A. tuberculatus (Moq.) J.D.Sauer, has been known since 1975 (Soldano, 1982). It now has become an invasive species in riparian habitats and cultivated fields (Banfi &amp; Galasso, 2010), especially in the plain of river Po and its tributaries. Since A. palmeri is equally aggressive and occurs in the same type of habitats, similar behavior is predictable. Both species are rather alike and may have been confused. A. palmeri has much longer bracts and tepals, the inflorescence therefore being stiff and prickly in appearance. In Tortona, along Scrivia river, both grow sympatrically.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C990075E7A0A4EFCABF972813E3156	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Verloove, Filip;Ardenghi, Nicola M. G.	Verloove, Filip, Ardenghi, Nicola M. G. (2015): New distributional records of non-native vascular plants in northern Italy. Natural History Sciences 2 (1): 5-14, DOI: 10.4081/nhs.2015.219, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/nhs.2015.219
03C990075E7B0A4EFF9AFAD083EC3692.text	03C990075E7B0A4EFF9AFAD083EC3692.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Bidens connatus Willd., Sp. Pl.	<div><p>Bidens connatus Muhl. ex Willd., Sp. Pl., ed. 4 [Willdenow], 3 (3): 1718 (-1719). 1803. [Fig. 1]</p><p>( Asteraceae)</p><p>Naturalized neophyte new to the flora of Piemonte (Conti et al., 2005; Celesti-Grapow et al., 2009a; Banfi &amp; Galasso, 2010).</p><p>ITALY. Piemonte. Prov. Alessandria: Villanova Monferrato, W of motorway E25, rice fields, 12.09.2014, F. Verloove 11101 (BR) .</p><p>Bidens connatus is originally native in North America but known as a more or less widely naturalized xenophyte in Europe (e.g. Schumacher, 1941; Debray, 1963). In Italy it was known so far from Lombardia, Emilia-Romagna, Friuli-Venezia Giulia, Marche and Veneto, either as a casual, naturalized or invasive alien (Celesti-Grapow et al., 2009a; Ardenghi, 2015).</p><p>In fact, its genuine distribution and degree of naturalization should be critically reassessed, the species being much reminiscent of native B. tripartitus L. It is best distinguished from the latter by leaves usually undivided and cypselae 4-angled (not flattened) with usually tuberculate faces (Strother &amp; Weedon, 2006).</p><p>In September 2014 Bidens connatus was recorded on several occasions. In addition to the locality cited above, it was also seen in Valenza, Bastida Pancarana, Boretto, Ficarolo, Mezzano, Piacenza, Ravalle, San Rocco al Porto and Viadana (all along river Po) and in Serravalle Scrivia (along river Scrivia). It is obviously much more widespread, firmly established but widely overlooked.</p><p>It should be recalled that according to Art. 62.2(a) of the International Code of Nomenclature (McNeill et al., 2012), Bidens should be treated as a compound, “ Bi -dens ”, the last word (dens, dentis) being male; then the specific epithet should be “ connatus ” instead of “ connata ” (see also next species). Even though initially recommended by the Report of the Committee for Spermatophyta (Brummitt, 2000), the proposal to conserve the name Bidens with a conserved gender (Harriman, 1998), was finally not upheld (McNeill et al., 2006, App. III) (Banfi &amp; Galasso, 2010).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C990075E7B0A4EFF9AFAD083EC3692	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Verloove, Filip;Ardenghi, Nicola M. G.	Verloove, Filip, Ardenghi, Nicola M. G. (2015): New distributional records of non-native vascular plants in northern Italy. Natural History Sciences 2 (1): 5-14, DOI: 10.4081/nhs.2015.219, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/nhs.2015.219
03C990075E780A4DFF9AFF0D851C3574.text	03C990075E780A4DFF9AFF0D851C3574.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Bidens vulgatus Greene	<div><p>Bidens vulgatus Greene, Pittonia, 4 (21): 72. 1899. [Fig. 2]</p><p>( Asteraceae)</p><p>Naturalized neophyte new to the flora of Lombardia and Emilia-Romagna (Conti et al., 2005; Celesti-Grapow et al., 2009a; Banfi &amp; Galasso, 2010).</p><p>ITALY. Lombardia. Prov. Cremona: Casalmaggiore, river Po, damp track in woodland, locally frequent, 14.09.2014, F. Verloove 11090 (BR, MSNM); Prov. Pavia: Gambolò, Cascina Portalupa (UTM ED 50: 32 T 495784.5013034), margine di sentiero in querco-carpineto, con Erigeron canadensis, Prunella vulgaris, Glechoma hederacea, 73 m, 17.10.2014, N. Ardenghi, P. Cauzzi &amp; S. Pedrini (MSNM); Prov. Pavia: Stradella, San Zeno, sponda destra del torrente Versa all’incirca all’altezza della rotonda tra viale Resistenza e la SP 201 (UTM ED 50: 32 T 524108.4989963), vigneto, 86 m, 18.10.2014, N. Ardenghi (MSNM); Prov. Milano: Milano, stazione FFSS di Milano-Rogoredo (UTM ED 50: 32 T 518642.5031188), aiuola, 109 m, 28.11.2014, N. Ardenghi (MSNM) .</p><p>This is a widespread species in North America (Strother &amp; Weedon, 2006). Like the preceding, it is poorly known and overlooked in Europe, although known since many decades (e.g. Schumacher, 1941; Debray, 1963). Up to present it was known in Italy only from Friuli-Venezia Giulia (Celesti-Grapow et al., 2009a). Bidens vulgatus is much reminiscent of B. frondosus L. but often more robust with larger flower heads and with a higher number of calyculi (10-16 vs. usually 8).</p><p>In addition to the localities cited above, it was also detected along river Po in Boretto (Emilia-Romagna). It may have been widely overlooked elsewhere.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C990075E780A4DFF9AFF0D851C3574	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Verloove, Filip;Ardenghi, Nicola M. G.	Verloove, Filip, Ardenghi, Nicola M. G. (2015): New distributional records of non-native vascular plants in northern Italy. Natural History Sciences 2 (1): 5-14, DOI: 10.4081/nhs.2015.219, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/nhs.2015.219
03C990075E780A4CFCABFEB682BD3647.text	03C990075E780A4CFCABFEB682BD3647.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cardamine hamiltonii G. Don, Gen. Hist.	<div><p>Cardamine hamiltonii G.Don, Gen. Hist., 1: 167. 1831.</p><p>≡ Cardamine debilis D.Don, Prodr. Fl. Nepal.: 201. 1825, nom. illeg.</p><p>≡ Cardamine flexuosa With. subsp. debilis O.E.Schulz, Bot. Jahrb. Syst., 32 (4): 478. 1903.</p><p>( Brassicaceae)</p><p>Naturalized neophyte new to the flora of Piemonte (Conti et al., 2005; Celesti-Grapow et al., 2009a; Ardenghi &amp; Mossini, 2014).</p><p>ITALY. Piemonte. Prov. Vercelli: Arborio, river Sesia N of the bridge, exposed river bank, 06.09.2014, F. Verloove 11043 (BR) .</p><p>Cardamine hamiltonii is a poorly known but widely spread species in many parts of Europe. It has long been confused with C. flexuosa but molecular data have demonstrated that it is a distinct entity, apparently native in East Asia (e.g. Lihová et al., 2006; Bleeker et al., 2008). It is distinguished from the latter by the absence at flowering of a distinct basal rosette and the markedly trilobed leaflets that usually have a glabrous upper leaf surface (cfr. Mansanet-Salvador et al., 2015).</p><p>Al-Shehbaz et al. (2010) referred to this taxon as Cardamine flexuosa subsp. debilis but agreed that it should be recognized at species level and its correct name be sought. In recent times it became clear that the name C. hamiltonii probably can be applied for these plants (e.g. Bomble, 2014; Ardenghi et al., 2015; Dirkse et al., 2015).</p><p>For Italy this species was recently reported for the first time from Lombardia and Toscana (Ardenghi &amp; Mossini, 2014). In September 2014 it was seen in Arborio alongside river Sesia (see above), in an area from where it had been claimed before (Dienst, 2007). It was also seen as an urban weed in Vercelli and in rice fields in Albano Vercellese and Robbio. It is well-established, weedy and doubtlessly widely overlooked elsewhere in Italy.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C990075E780A4CFCABFEB682BD3647	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Verloove, Filip;Ardenghi, Nicola M. G.	Verloove, Filip, Ardenghi, Nicola M. G. (2015): New distributional records of non-native vascular plants in northern Italy. Natural History Sciences 2 (1): 5-14, DOI: 10.4081/nhs.2015.219, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/nhs.2015.219
03C990075E790A4CFF9AFDC1820130CC.text	03C990075E790A4CFF9AFDC1820130CC.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Cucurbita maxima Duchesne, Essai Hist. Nat. Courges	<div><p>Cucurbita maxima Duchesne, Essai Hist. Nat. Courges: 7. 1786.</p><p>( Cucurbitaceae)</p><p>Confirmation of casual neophyte for the flora of Piemonte (Conti et al., 2005; Celesti-Grapow et al., 2009a).</p><p>ITALY. Piemonte. Prov. Vercelli: Vercelli, city center close to river Sesia, roadside, 07.09.2014, F. Verloove 11069 (BR) .</p><p>Doubtlessly an ephemeral alien, this species unlike in other parts of Europe, is frequently cultivated in northern Italy, its fruits being used in different traditional dishes. It is distinguished from the latter by its peduncle that is terete and becoming corky in fruit. Its leaves are almost entire or very shallowly lobed and softly hairy above. C. pepo, in contrast, has peduncles that are deeply furrowed in fruit (conspicuously angled, not corky) and its leaves are deeply 5-lobed and hirsute hairy above.</p><p>Cucurbita maxima was considered doubtful for Piemonte by Conti et al. (2005) and not listed from that region by Celesti-Grapow et al. (2009a).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C990075E790A4CFF9AFDC1820130CC	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Verloove, Filip;Ardenghi, Nicola M. G.	Verloove, Filip, Ardenghi, Nicola M. G. (2015): New distributional records of non-native vascular plants in northern Italy. Natural History Sciences 2 (1): 5-14, DOI: 10.4081/nhs.2015.219, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/nhs.2015.219
03C990075E790A4CFF9AFB4E827D3292.text	03C990075E790A4CFF9AFB4E827D3292.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Digitaria violascens Link, Hort. Berol.	<div><p>Digitaria violascens Link, Hort. Berol. [Link], 1: 229. 1827.</p><p>( Poaceae)</p><p>Naturalized neophyte new to the flora of the province of Alessandria (Piemonte) (Verloove et al., 2011).</p><p>ITALY. Piemonte. Prov. Alessandria: Valenza, river Po S of the bridge, sandy river bank, 07.09.2014, F. Verloove 11088 (BR) .</p><p>A native from the Old World tropics Digitaria violascens has long been overlooked in southern Europe. Verloove (2008) cited records from France and Italy (prov. Novara in Piemonte), subsequently also from Spain (Verloove &amp; Sánchez Gullón, 2008). Later, it turned out to be much more widespread in northwestern Italy ( Verloove et al., 2011). In Piemonte it was previously recorded in the provinces Biella, Torino, Verbano-Cusio-Ossola and Vercelli ( Verloove et al., 2011) and in September 2014 it was also seen along river Po near Valenza, apparently for the first time in the province of Alessandria .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C990075E790A4CFF9AFB4E827D3292	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Verloove, Filip;Ardenghi, Nicola M. G.	Verloove, Filip, Ardenghi, Nicola M. G. (2015): New distributional records of non-native vascular plants in northern Italy. Natural History Sciences 2 (1): 5-14, DOI: 10.4081/nhs.2015.219, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/nhs.2015.219
03C990075E790A4CFF9AF8948597360B.text	03C990075E790A4CFF9AF8948597360B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Muhlenbergia frondosa (Poir.) Fernald	<div><p>Muhlenbergia frondosa (Poir.) Fernald, Rhodora, 45 (534): 235. 1943.</p><p>( Poaceae)</p><p>Naturalized neophyte new to the flora of Emilia-Romagna (Conti et al., 2005; Celesti-Grapow et al., 2009a).</p><p>ITALY. Emilia-Romagna. Prov. Reggio nell’Emilia: Boretto, river Po E of the bridge, riparian woodland, locally, 13.09.2014, F. Verloove 11000 (BR, MSNM) .</p><p>Muhlenbergia frondosa is a native species in southern Canada and the contiguous U.S.A. (Peterson, 2003). It is only rarely seen outside of its native distribution range. However, in Italy it is known since several decades from Piemonte (Soldano, 1977) where it is naturalized, for instance in riparian woodland alongside river Sesia. In recent years it seems to spread in northern Italy: Bertolli &amp; Prosser (2013) reported about its discovery in Trentino-Alto Adige and in September 2014 it was also detected alongside river Po in Boretto. This species is rather inconspicuous and often very reluctant to flower; it may be more widespread but overlooked.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C990075E790A4CFF9AF8948597360B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Verloove, Filip;Ardenghi, Nicola M. G.	Verloove, Filip, Ardenghi, Nicola M. G. (2015): New distributional records of non-native vascular plants in northern Italy. Natural History Sciences 2 (1): 5-14, DOI: 10.4081/nhs.2015.219, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/nhs.2015.219
03C990075E790A4CFCD4FD0D8409311B.text	03C990075E790A4CFCD4FD0D8409311B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Oenothera pedemontana Soldano, Rivista	<div><p>Oenothera pedemontana Soldano, Rivista Piemont. Storia Nat., 4: 131. 1983. [Fig. 3]</p><p>( Onagraceae)</p><p>Naturalized neophyte new to the flora of Lombardia (Soldano, 1983; Soldano, 1993; Banfi &amp; Galasso, 2010).</p><p>ITALY. Lombardia. Prov. Pavia: Bereguardo, river Ticino close to the bridge, sandy river bank, 11.09.2014, F. Verloove 11016 (BR) .</p><p>This microspecies from the Oenothera biennis aggregate (possibly a hybrid of the latter; Dietrich et al., 1997) was originally described from Piemonte, the type being from Saluggia in Torino province (Soldano, 1983). It is now more or less widely dispersed in Piemonte (see map in Cecere et al., 2012) but had never been recorded outside of this region (Conti et al., 2005; Celesti-Grapow et al., 2009a). In September 2014 this species was found growing in abundance on the sandy banks of river Ticino in Bereguardo.</p><p>Characteristic features of Oenothera pedemontana are its tall habit (stem up to 230 cm long), late flowering, presence of glandular hairs on the hypanthium, petals wider than long (ca. 26× 17-23 mm) and relatively small capsules ca. 18-33 mm long with emarginate capsule teeth (e.g. Soldano, 1993).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C990075E790A4CFCD4FD0D8409311B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Verloove, Filip;Ardenghi, Nicola M. G.	Verloove, Filip, Ardenghi, Nicola M. G. (2015): New distributional records of non-native vascular plants in northern Italy. Natural History Sciences 2 (1): 5-14, DOI: 10.4081/nhs.2015.219, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/nhs.2015.219
03C990075E790A4BFCD4FA1D837E3556.text	03C990075E790A4BFCD4FA1D837E3556.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Panicum barbipulvinatum Nash, Mem.	<div><p>Panicum barbipulvinatum Nash, Mem. New York Bot. Gard., 1: 21. 1900.</p><p>= P. riparium H.Scholz, Feddes Repert., 113 (3-4): 275. 2002.</p><p>( Poaceae)</p><p>Naturalized neophyte new to the flora of Italy (Piemonte) (Conti et al., 2005; Celesti-Grapow et al., 2009a).</p><p>ITALY. Piemonte. Prov. Alessandria: Valenza, river Po S of the bridge, sandy river bank, very common, 07.09.2014, F. Verloove 11060 (BR); Prov. Alessandria: Arquata Scrivia, river Scrivia N of the bridge, gravelly river bed, frequent, 09.09.2014, F. Verloove 11062 (BR) .</p><p>Panicum barbipulvinatum is an enigmatic species originating in temperate North America. Its taxonomic status is debated: in its area of origin it is merely included in the variability of P. capillare L. by modern authors (e.g. Freckmann &amp; Lelong, 2003). In Europe, however, where only part of the genetic diversity of the latter is present, it is easily distinguished. This inspired Scholz (2002) to describe it as a neo-endemic species new to science, P. riparium . Recently, Amarell (2013) demonstrated that Scholz’ new species in fact perfectly corresponds with the American P. barbipulvinatum . Moreover, he advocated, like Scholz, that this taxon should be accepted at species rank (as is, for instance, P. hillmanii Chase from the same species complex). His point of view was followed in the recently published Flora Gallica (Tison &amp; de Foucault, 2014).</p><p>Panicum barbipulvinatum has a laxer inflorescence with spikelets on short pedicels that are tightly appressed. The narrower spikelets are long-acuminate at apex. This particular combination of features renders the plant a characteristic jizz that is fairly different from that of P. capillare .</p><p>In September 2014 Panicum barbipulvinatum was seen on several occasions in Piemonte, always on exposed sandy or gravelly banks of rivers Po and Scrivia .</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C990075E790A4BFCD4FA1D837E3556	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Verloove, Filip;Ardenghi, Nicola M. G.	Verloove, Filip, Ardenghi, Nicola M. G. (2015): New distributional records of non-native vascular plants in northern Italy. Natural History Sciences 2 (1): 5-14, DOI: 10.4081/nhs.2015.219, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/nhs.2015.219
03C990075E7E0A4AFCABFED080E5360B.text	03C990075E7E0A4AFCABFED080E5360B.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Panicum philadelphicum Trin., Gram. Panic.	<div><p>Panicum philadelphicum Bernh. ex Trin., Gram. Panic. [Trinius]: 216. 1826.</p><p>= Panicum gattingeri Nash, Fl. S.E. U.S. [Small], 92 (1327). 1903.</p><p>( Poaceae)</p><p>Confirmation of naturalized neophyte for the flora of the province of Alessandria (Piemonte) (Soldano &amp; Verloove, 2007).</p><p>ITALY. Piemonte. Prov. Alessandria: Valenza, river Po S of the bridge, sandy river bank, few individuals, 07.09.2014, F. Verloove 10990 (BR) .</p><p>This North American species was only known from a single, historical record in Alessandria province (Soldano &amp; Verloove, 2007). Its present-day presence is here confirmed. In Piemonte, it is also known from Torino province (Verloove &amp; Selvaggi, 2011), also along river Po.</p><p>Panicum philadelphicum is much reminiscent of P. capillare and both possibly have been confused in parts of Europe. It is readily distinguished by its panicles that are only ca. 1/3 the total height of the plant, the base of the peduncle that is not breaking at maturity and the slightly smaller spikelets that are acute at apex, not acuminate.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C990075E7E0A4AFCABFED080E5360B	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Verloove, Filip;Ardenghi, Nicola M. G.	Verloove, Filip, Ardenghi, Nicola M. G. (2015): New distributional records of non-native vascular plants in northern Italy. Natural History Sciences 2 (1): 5-14, DOI: 10.4081/nhs.2015.219, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/nhs.2015.219
03C990075E7F0A4AFF9AFD0D858835FD.text	03C990075E7F0A4AFF9AFD0D858835FD.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Perilla frutescens	<div><p>Perilla frutescens (L.) Britton, Mem. Torrey Bot. Club, 5 (18): 277. 1894. [Fig. 4]</p><p>( Lamiaceae)</p><p>Casual neophyte new for the flora of Piemonte (Conti et al., 2005; Celesti Grapow et al., 2009a).</p><p>ITALY. Piemonte. Prov. Alessandria: Basaluzzo, torrente Lemme close to SP 160, gravelly riverbed, 4 individuals, 08.09.2014, F. Verloove 11085 (BR) .</p><p>Perilla frutescens from Asia is widely cultivated as an ornamental or as an oilseed crop. Up to present it has been recorded in Italy in Lombardia and Veneto, always as a casual alien (Celesti-Grapow et al., 2009a). It is here reported for the first time from Piemonte. In addition to the locality cited above, it was also seen in Arquata Scrivia along river Scrivia. It does not seem to naturalize (yet).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C990075E7F0A4AFF9AFD0D858835FD	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Verloove, Filip;Ardenghi, Nicola M. G.	Verloove, Filip, Ardenghi, Nicola M. G. (2015): New distributional records of non-native vascular plants in northern Italy. Natural History Sciences 2 (1): 5-14, DOI: 10.4081/nhs.2015.219, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/nhs.2015.219
03C990075E7F0A49FCABFE3F818834B0.text	03C990075E7F0A49FCABFE3F818834B0.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Persicaria pensylvanica (L.) M. Gómez	<div><p>Persicaria pensylvanica (L.) M.Gómez, Anales Inst. Segunda Enseñ., 2: 278. 1896.</p><p>( Polygonaceae)</p><p>Naturalized neophyte new for the flora of the province of Mantova (Lombardia) (Banfi &amp; Galasso, 2010).</p><p>ITALY. Lombardia. Prov. Mantova: Viadana, river Po W of the bridge, sandy river bank, few plants, 15.09.2014, F. Verloove 11058 (BR) .</p><p>A native of North America, this species became naturalized in Europe, especially in riparian habitats. In Italy it is known from the northernmost regions (Celesti-Grapow et al., 2009a). It is here reported for the first time from Mantova province in Lombardia.</p><p>This species is obviously naturalized along river Po but usually occurs in small populations. It does not seem to be an aggressive invader.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C990075E7F0A49FCABFE3F818834B0	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Verloove, Filip;Ardenghi, Nicola M. G.	Verloove, Filip, Ardenghi, Nicola M. G. (2015): New distributional records of non-native vascular plants in northern Italy. Natural History Sciences 2 (1): 5-14, DOI: 10.4081/nhs.2015.219, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/nhs.2015.219
03C990075E7C0A49FF9AFF75840B34AE.text	03C990075E7C0A49FF9AFF75840B34AE.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Populus deltoides Marshall, Arbust. Amer.	<div><p>Populus deltoides W.Bartram ex Marshall, Arbust. Amer.: 106. 1785. [Fig 5]</p><p>( Salicaceae)</p><p>Casual neophyte new to the flora of the province of Lodi (Lombardia) (Banfi &amp; Galasso, 2010).</p><p>ITALY. Lombardia. Prov. Lodi: San Rocco al Porto, river Po W of the bridge, river bank, several young, self-sown trees, 13.09.2014, F. Verloove 11059 (BR) .</p><p>This North American native is widely planted in Europe, although much less so than P. × canadensis Moench (pro sp.), its hybrid with native P. nigra L. It is reported to be an exceptional escape from cultivation in Lombardia, only being known from three localities in the Pavia area since 1905 (Banfi &amp; Galasso, 2010; Ardenghi, 2013). In San Rocco al Porto several young, obviously self-sown trees were seen on the sandy banks of river Po.</p><p>Populus deltoides is a distinct species with leaves up to 18 cm long or even longer, provided with more prominent and hooked marginal teeth. These features distinguish it from juvenile individuals of P. × canadensis, which usually bear leaves larger than those of the adult trees (see Eckenwalder, 2010).</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C990075E7C0A49FF9AFF75840B34AE	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Verloove, Filip;Ardenghi, Nicola M. G.	Verloove, Filip, Ardenghi, Nicola M. G. (2015): New distributional records of non-native vascular plants in northern Italy. Natural History Sciences 2 (1): 5-14, DOI: 10.4081/nhs.2015.219, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/nhs.2015.219
03C990075E7C0A49FCABFF6B843A371A.text	03C990075E7C0A49FCABFF6B843A371A.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Rotala ramosior (L.) Koehne	<div><p>Rotala ramosior (L.) Koehne, Fl. Bras. (Martius), 13 (2): 194. 1877.</p><p>( Lythraceae)</p><p>Naturalized neophyte new to the flora of the province of Alessandria (Piemonte) (Celesti Grapow et al., 2009a).</p><p>ITALY. Piemonte. Prov. Alessandria: Villanova Monferrato, rice fields, 12.09.2014, F. Verloove 11079 (BR) .</p><p>Rotala ramosior originally is an American species but it occurs in the Old World as a weed of rice fields, for instance in Italy and the Philippines (Cook, 1979). In Italy it was first discovered in Piemonte in 1972 (Cook, 1973), subsequently also in Lombardia (Banfi &amp; Galasso, 2010). In the past decades it has repeatedly been confirmed from Piemonte (e.g. Soldano, 1977; Abbà, 1980; Varalda et al., 1984; Desfayes, 2005) but it seemed to be confined to the province of Vercelli, from where it was originally reported by Cook (1973). In September 2014 it was found, apparently for the first time, in the province of Alessandria. It was found growing in quantity, with Ammannia coccinea Rottb. and other weeds, in a rice field near Villanova Monferrato.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C990075E7C0A49FCABFF6B843A371A	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Verloove, Filip;Ardenghi, Nicola M. G.	Verloove, Filip, Ardenghi, Nicola M. G. (2015): New distributional records of non-native vascular plants in northern Italy. Natural History Sciences 2 (1): 5-14, DOI: 10.4081/nhs.2015.219, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/nhs.2015.219
03C990075E7D0A48FF9AFF0D827037FD.text	03C990075E7D0A48FF9AFF0D827037FD.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Symphyotrichum pilosum var. pringlei (A. Gray) G. L. Nesom, Phytologia	<div><p>Symphyotrichum pilosum (Willd.) G.L.Nesom var. pringlei (A.Gray) G.L.Nesom, Phytologia, 77 (1994, 3): 289. 1995.</p><p>( Asteraceae)</p><p>Naturalized neophyte new to the flora of Piemonte (Conti et al., 2005; Celesti-Grapow et al., 2009a).</p><p>ITALY. Piemonte. Prov. Vercelli: Ghislarengo, ca. 1.5 km SW of the village, abandoned gravel pit, common, 06.09.2014, F. Verloove 10985 (BR, MSNM) .</p><p>Symphyotrichum pilosum is native in eastern North America (Brouillet et al., 2006) but widely cultivated as an ornamental in Europe. It is a poorly known species that has been confused with S. ericoides (L.) G. L.Nesom, S. lateriflorum (L.) Á.Löve &amp; D.Löve and even S. lanceolatum (Willd.) G.L.Nesom. Italian claims of the first two species are mostly erroneous and referable to S. pilosum (Banfi &amp; Galasso, 2010) . The latter is fairly characteristic in having pedicels with numerous linear to subulate bracts and phyllaries with acute, spinulose apices. Stems and leaves may be either pilose to hirsute ( var. pilosum) or glabrous ( var. pringlei).</p><p>In Italy Symphyotrichum pilosum was only known with certainty from Lombardia (Banfi &amp; Galasso, 2010) although it may have been overlooked elsewhere. In Ghislarengo it has invaded rough ground in an abandoned quarry. It looks perfectly established there.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C990075E7D0A48FF9AFF0D827037FD	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Verloove, Filip;Ardenghi, Nicola M. G.	Verloove, Filip, Ardenghi, Nicola M. G. (2015): New distributional records of non-native vascular plants in northern Italy. Natural History Sciences 2 (1): 5-14, DOI: 10.4081/nhs.2015.219, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/nhs.2015.219
03C990075E7D0A48FF9AFC3E80E83139.text	03C990075E7D0A48FF9AFC3E80E83139.taxon	http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text	http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#GeneralDescription	text/html	en	Symphyotrichum squamatum (Spreng.) G. L. Nesom, Phytologia	<div><p>Symphyotrichum squamatum (Spreng.) G.L.Nesom, Phytologia, 77 (1994, 3): 292. 1995.</p><p>( Asteraceae)</p><p>Naturalized neophyte new to the flora of the province of Alessandria (Piemonte) (Pistarino et al., 1999).</p><p>ITALY. Piemonte. Prov. Alessandria: Tortona, bridge over river Scrivia, at entrance of A7 motorway, rough, bare ground, 09.09.2014, F. Verloove 11037 (BR) .</p><p>This South American species is fast spreading and considered invasive in large parts of the Mediterranean area, including Italy (Celesti-Grapow et al., 2009a). In the Piemonte region it was known from Torino and Cuneo provinces (Pistarino et al., 1999) but not yet from Alessandria.</p></div>	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C990075E7D0A48FF9AFC3E80E83139	Public Domain	No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.		Plazi	Verloove, Filip;Ardenghi, Nicola M. G.	Verloove, Filip, Ardenghi, Nicola M. G. (2015): New distributional records of non-native vascular plants in northern Italy. Natural History Sciences 2 (1): 5-14, DOI: 10.4081/nhs.2015.219, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/nhs.2015.219
