taxonID	type	description	language	source
03C990075E7A0A4EFCABF972813E3156.taxon	description	Naturalized neophyte new to the flora of Piemonte (Conti et al., 2005; Celesti-Grapow et al., 2009 a; Iamonico et al., 2015; Iamonico, 2015).	en	Verloove, Filip, Ardenghi, Nicola M. G. (2015): New distributional records of non-native vascular plants in northern Italy. Natural History Sciences 2 (1): 5-14, DOI: 10.4081/nhs.2015.219, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/nhs.2015.219
03C990075E7A0A4EFCABF972813E3156.taxon	materials_examined	ITALY. Piemonte. Prov. Alessandria: Tortona, river Scrivia at railway bridge, gravelly riverbed, locally, along with A. tuberculatus, 09.09.2014, F. Verloove 11206 (BR).	en	Verloove, Filip, Ardenghi, Nicola M. G. (2015): New distributional records of non-native vascular plants in northern Italy. Natural History Sciences 2 (1): 5-14, DOI: 10.4081/nhs.2015.219, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/nhs.2015.219
03C990075E7A0A4EFCABF972813E3156.taxon	distribution	A native of the southwestern U. S. A. and Mexico, Amaranthus palmeri now occurs as a weed in Europe, Asia and Australia (Mosyakin & Robertson, 2003). In Italy it was recently discovered in Emilia-Romagna, in the province of Ravenna (Iamonico et al. 2015; Iamonico, 2015). While for many decades it remained strictly casual in Europe (often associated with imported cereals or soybeans; e. g. Verloove & Vandenberghe, 1993), it managed to naturalize locally in recent times, especially in the Mediterranean area. In Spain naturalized populations were detected around Lleida in 2007 (Verloove & Sánchez Gullón, 2008) and soon afterwards it proved to have become a troublesome agricultural weed in maize fields there (Recasens et al., 2013). Elsewhere in the Mediterranean area stable populations are known from Israel and Greece (Raus & Raabe, 2006). In Ravenna province the plant was regarded as casual (Iamonico et al., 2015; Iamonico, 2015), even though the species was confirmed for at least two years consecutively in the same site (see http: // www. actaplantarum. org / floraitaliae / viewtopic. php? f = 106 & t = 67866, retrieved on December 2014); in Tortona the population is clearly naturalized.	en	Verloove, Filip, Ardenghi, Nicola M. G. (2015): New distributional records of non-native vascular plants in northern Italy. Natural History Sciences 2 (1): 5-14, DOI: 10.4081/nhs.2015.219, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/nhs.2015.219
03C990075E7A0A4EFCABF972813E3156.taxon	discussion	Amaranthus palmeri is a dioecious species. In Italy a related species, A. tuberculatus (Moq.) J. D. Sauer, has been known since 1975 (Soldano, 1982). It now has become an invasive species in riparian habitats and cultivated fields (Banfi & Galasso, 2010), especially in the plain of river Po and its tributaries. Since A. palmeri is equally aggressive and occurs in the same type of habitats, similar behavior is predictable. Both species are rather alike and may have been confused. A. palmeri has much longer bracts and tepals, the inflorescence therefore being stiff and prickly in appearance. In Tortona, along Scrivia river, both grow sympatrically.	en	Verloove, Filip, Ardenghi, Nicola M. G. (2015): New distributional records of non-native vascular plants in northern Italy. Natural History Sciences 2 (1): 5-14, DOI: 10.4081/nhs.2015.219, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/nhs.2015.219
03C990075E7B0A4EFF9AFAD083EC3692.taxon	description	Naturalized neophyte new to the flora of Piemonte (Conti et al., 2005; Celesti-Grapow et al., 2009 a; Banfi & Galasso, 2010).	en	Verloove, Filip, Ardenghi, Nicola M. G. (2015): New distributional records of non-native vascular plants in northern Italy. Natural History Sciences 2 (1): 5-14, DOI: 10.4081/nhs.2015.219, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/nhs.2015.219
03C990075E7B0A4EFF9AFAD083EC3692.taxon	materials_examined	ITALY. Piemonte. Prov. Alessandria: Villanova Monferrato, W of motorway E 25, rice fields, 12.09.2014, F. Verloove 11101 (BR).	en	Verloove, Filip, Ardenghi, Nicola M. G. (2015): New distributional records of non-native vascular plants in northern Italy. Natural History Sciences 2 (1): 5-14, DOI: 10.4081/nhs.2015.219, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/nhs.2015.219
03C990075E7B0A4EFF9AFAD083EC3692.taxon	distribution	Bidens connatus is originally native in North America but known as a more or less widely naturalized xenophyte in Europe (e. g. Schumacher, 1941; Debray, 1963). In Italy it was known so far from Lombardia, Emilia-Romagna, Friuli-Venezia Giulia, Marche and Veneto, either as a casual, naturalized or invasive alien (Celesti-Grapow et al., 2009 a; Ardenghi, 2015). In fact, its genuine distribution and degree of naturalization should be critically reassessed, the species being much reminiscent of native B. tripartitus L. It is best distinguished from the latter by leaves usually undivided and cypselae 4 - angled (not flattened) with usually tuberculate faces (Strother & Weedon, 2006).	en	Verloove, Filip, Ardenghi, Nicola M. G. (2015): New distributional records of non-native vascular plants in northern Italy. Natural History Sciences 2 (1): 5-14, DOI: 10.4081/nhs.2015.219, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/nhs.2015.219
03C990075E7B0A4EFF9AFAD083EC3692.taxon	discussion	In September 2014 Bidens connatus was recorded on several occasions. In addition to the locality cited above, it was also seen in Valenza, Bastida Pancarana, Boretto, Ficarolo, Mezzano, Piacenza, Ravalle, San Rocco al Porto and Viadana (all along river Po) and in Serravalle Scrivia (along river Scrivia). It is obviously much more widespread, firmly established but widely overlooked. It should be recalled that according to Art. 62.2 (a) of the International Code of Nomenclature (McNeill et al., 2012), Bidens should be treated as a compound, “ Bi - dens ”, the last word (dens, dentis) being male; then the specific epithet should be “ connatus ” instead of “ connata ” (see also next species). Even though initially recommended by the Report of the Committee for Spermatophyta (Brummitt, 2000), the proposal to conserve the name Bidens with a conserved gender (Harriman, 1998), was finally not upheld (McNeill et al., 2006, App. III) (Banfi & Galasso, 2010).	en	Verloove, Filip, Ardenghi, Nicola M. G. (2015): New distributional records of non-native vascular plants in northern Italy. Natural History Sciences 2 (1): 5-14, DOI: 10.4081/nhs.2015.219, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/nhs.2015.219
03C990075E780A4DFF9AFF0D851C3574.taxon	description	Naturalized neophyte new to the flora of Lombardia and Emilia-Romagna (Conti et al., 2005; Celesti-Grapow et al., 2009 a; Banfi & Galasso, 2010).	en	Verloove, Filip, Ardenghi, Nicola M. G. (2015): New distributional records of non-native vascular plants in northern Italy. Natural History Sciences 2 (1): 5-14, DOI: 10.4081/nhs.2015.219, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/nhs.2015.219
03C990075E780A4DFF9AFF0D851C3574.taxon	materials_examined	ITALY. Lombardia. Prov. Cremona: Casalmaggiore, river Po, damp track in woodland, locally frequent, 14.09.2014, F. Verloove 11090 (BR, MSNM); Prov. Pavia: Gambolò, Cascina Portalupa (UTM ED 50: 32 T 495784.5013034), margine di sentiero in querco-carpineto, con Erigeron canadensis, Prunella vulgaris, Glechoma hederacea, 73 m, 17.10.2014, N. Ardenghi, P. Cauzzi & S. Pedrini (MSNM); Prov. Pavia: Stradella, San Zeno, sponda destra del torrente Versa all’incirca all’altezza della rotonda tra viale Resistenza e la SP 201 (UTM ED 50: 32 T 524108.4989963), vigneto, 86 m, 18.10.2014, N. Ardenghi (MSNM); Prov. Milano: Milano, stazione FFSS di Milano-Rogoredo (UTM ED 50: 32 T 518642.5031188), aiuola, 109 m, 28.11.2014, N. Ardenghi (MSNM).	en	Verloove, Filip, Ardenghi, Nicola M. G. (2015): New distributional records of non-native vascular plants in northern Italy. Natural History Sciences 2 (1): 5-14, DOI: 10.4081/nhs.2015.219, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/nhs.2015.219
03C990075E780A4DFF9AFF0D851C3574.taxon	discussion	This is a widespread species in North America (Strother & Weedon, 2006). Like the preceding, it is poorly known and overlooked in Europe, although known since many decades (e. g. Schumacher, 1941; Debray, 1963). Up to present it was known in Italy only from Friuli-Venezia Giulia (Celesti-Grapow et al., 2009 a). Bidens vulgatus is much reminiscent of B. frondosus L. but often more robust with larger flower heads and with a higher number of calyculi (10 - 16 vs. usually 8). In addition to the localities cited above, it was also detected along river Po in Boretto (Emilia-Romagna). It may have been widely overlooked elsewhere.	en	Verloove, Filip, Ardenghi, Nicola M. G. (2015): New distributional records of non-native vascular plants in northern Italy. Natural History Sciences 2 (1): 5-14, DOI: 10.4081/nhs.2015.219, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/nhs.2015.219
03C990075E780A4CFCABFEB682BD3647.taxon	synonymic_list	≡ Cardamine debilis D. Don, Prodr. Fl. Nepal.: 201. 1825, nom. illeg. ≡ Cardamine flexuosa With. subsp. debilis O. E. Schulz, Bot. Jahrb. Syst., 32 (4): 478. 1903.	en	Verloove, Filip, Ardenghi, Nicola M. G. (2015): New distributional records of non-native vascular plants in northern Italy. Natural History Sciences 2 (1): 5-14, DOI: 10.4081/nhs.2015.219, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/nhs.2015.219
03C990075E780A4CFCABFEB682BD3647.taxon	description	Naturalized neophyte new to the flora of Piemonte (Conti et al., 2005; Celesti-Grapow et al., 2009 a; Ardenghi & Mossini, 2014).	en	Verloove, Filip, Ardenghi, Nicola M. G. (2015): New distributional records of non-native vascular plants in northern Italy. Natural History Sciences 2 (1): 5-14, DOI: 10.4081/nhs.2015.219, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/nhs.2015.219
03C990075E780A4CFCABFEB682BD3647.taxon	materials_examined	ITALY. Piemonte. Prov. Vercelli: Arborio, river Sesia N of the bridge, exposed river bank, 06.09.2014, F. Verloove 11043 (BR).	en	Verloove, Filip, Ardenghi, Nicola M. G. (2015): New distributional records of non-native vascular plants in northern Italy. Natural History Sciences 2 (1): 5-14, DOI: 10.4081/nhs.2015.219, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/nhs.2015.219
03C990075E780A4CFCABFEB682BD3647.taxon	distribution	Cardamine hamiltonii is a poorly known but widely spread species in many parts of Europe. It has long been confused with C. flexuosa but molecular data have demonstrated that it is a distinct entity, apparently native in East Asia (e. g. Lihová et al., 2006; Bleeker et al., 2008). It is distinguished from the latter by the absence at flowering of a distinct basal rosette and the markedly trilobed leaflets that usually have a glabrous upper leaf surface (cfr. Mansanet-Salvador et al., 2015).	en	Verloove, Filip, Ardenghi, Nicola M. G. (2015): New distributional records of non-native vascular plants in northern Italy. Natural History Sciences 2 (1): 5-14, DOI: 10.4081/nhs.2015.219, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/nhs.2015.219
03C990075E780A4CFCABFEB682BD3647.taxon	discussion	Al-Shehbaz et al. (2010) referred to this taxon as Cardamine flexuosa subsp. debilis but agreed that it should be recognized at species level and its correct name be sought. In recent times it became clear that the name C. hamiltonii probably can be applied for these plants (e. g. Bomble, 2014; Ardenghi et al., 2015; Dirkse et al., 2015). For Italy this species was recently reported for the first time from Lombardia and Toscana (Ardenghi & Mossini, 2014). In September 2014 it was seen in Arborio alongside river Sesia (see above), in an area from where it had been claimed before (Dienst, 2007). It was also seen as an urban weed in Vercelli and in rice fields in Albano Vercellese and Robbio. It is well-established, weedy and doubtlessly widely overlooked elsewhere in Italy.	en	Verloove, Filip, Ardenghi, Nicola M. G. (2015): New distributional records of non-native vascular plants in northern Italy. Natural History Sciences 2 (1): 5-14, DOI: 10.4081/nhs.2015.219, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/nhs.2015.219
03C990075E790A4CFF9AFDC1820130CC.taxon	description	Confirmation of casual neophyte for the flora of Piemonte (Conti et al., 2005; Celesti-Grapow et al., 2009 a).	en	Verloove, Filip, Ardenghi, Nicola M. G. (2015): New distributional records of non-native vascular plants in northern Italy. Natural History Sciences 2 (1): 5-14, DOI: 10.4081/nhs.2015.219, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/nhs.2015.219
03C990075E790A4CFF9AFDC1820130CC.taxon	materials_examined	ITALY. Piemonte. Prov. Vercelli: Vercelli, city center close to river Sesia, roadside, 07.09.2014, F. Verloove 11069 (BR).	en	Verloove, Filip, Ardenghi, Nicola M. G. (2015): New distributional records of non-native vascular plants in northern Italy. Natural History Sciences 2 (1): 5-14, DOI: 10.4081/nhs.2015.219, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/nhs.2015.219
03C990075E790A4CFF9AFDC1820130CC.taxon	distribution	Doubtlessly an ephemeral alien, this species unlike in other parts of Europe, is frequently cultivated in northern Italy, its fruits being used in different traditional dishes. It is distinguished from the latter by its peduncle that is terete and becoming corky in fruit. Its leaves are almost entire or very shallowly lobed and softly hairy above. C. pepo, in contrast, has peduncles that are deeply furrowed in fruit (conspicuously angled, not corky) and its leaves are deeply 5 - lobed and hirsute hairy above.	en	Verloove, Filip, Ardenghi, Nicola M. G. (2015): New distributional records of non-native vascular plants in northern Italy. Natural History Sciences 2 (1): 5-14, DOI: 10.4081/nhs.2015.219, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/nhs.2015.219
03C990075E790A4CFF9AFDC1820130CC.taxon	discussion	Cucurbita maxima was considered doubtful for Piemonte by Conti et al. (2005) and not listed from that region by Celesti-Grapow et al. (2009 a).	en	Verloove, Filip, Ardenghi, Nicola M. G. (2015): New distributional records of non-native vascular plants in northern Italy. Natural History Sciences 2 (1): 5-14, DOI: 10.4081/nhs.2015.219, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/nhs.2015.219
03C990075E790A4CFF9AFB4E827D3292.taxon	description	Naturalized neophyte new to the flora of the province of Alessandria (Piemonte) (Verloove et al., 2011).	en	Verloove, Filip, Ardenghi, Nicola M. G. (2015): New distributional records of non-native vascular plants in northern Italy. Natural History Sciences 2 (1): 5-14, DOI: 10.4081/nhs.2015.219, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/nhs.2015.219
03C990075E790A4CFF9AFB4E827D3292.taxon	materials_examined	ITALY. Piemonte. Prov. Alessandria: Valenza, river Po S of the bridge, sandy river bank, 07.09.2014, F. Verloove 11088 (BR).	en	Verloove, Filip, Ardenghi, Nicola M. G. (2015): New distributional records of non-native vascular plants in northern Italy. Natural History Sciences 2 (1): 5-14, DOI: 10.4081/nhs.2015.219, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/nhs.2015.219
03C990075E790A4CFF9AFB4E827D3292.taxon	distribution	A native from the Old World tropics Digitaria violascens has long been overlooked in southern Europe. Verloove (2008) cited records from France and Italy (prov. Novara in Piemonte), subsequently also from Spain (Verloove & Sánchez Gullón, 2008). Later, it turned out to be much more widespread in northwestern Italy (Verloove et al., 2011). In Piemonte it was previously recorded in the provinces Biella, Torino, Verbano-Cusio-Ossola and Vercelli (Verloove et al., 2011) and in September 2014 it was also seen along river Po near Valenza, apparently for the first time in the province of Alessandria.	en	Verloove, Filip, Ardenghi, Nicola M. G. (2015): New distributional records of non-native vascular plants in northern Italy. Natural History Sciences 2 (1): 5-14, DOI: 10.4081/nhs.2015.219, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/nhs.2015.219
03C990075E790A4CFF9AF8948597360B.taxon	description	Naturalized neophyte new to the flora of Emilia-Romagna (Conti et al., 2005; Celesti-Grapow et al., 2009 a).	en	Verloove, Filip, Ardenghi, Nicola M. G. (2015): New distributional records of non-native vascular plants in northern Italy. Natural History Sciences 2 (1): 5-14, DOI: 10.4081/nhs.2015.219, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/nhs.2015.219
03C990075E790A4CFF9AF8948597360B.taxon	materials_examined	ITALY. Emilia-Romagna. Prov. Reggio nell’Emilia: Boretto, river Po E of the bridge, riparian woodland, locally, 13.09.2014, F. Verloove 11000 (BR, MSNM).	en	Verloove, Filip, Ardenghi, Nicola M. G. (2015): New distributional records of non-native vascular plants in northern Italy. Natural History Sciences 2 (1): 5-14, DOI: 10.4081/nhs.2015.219, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/nhs.2015.219
03C990075E790A4CFF9AF8948597360B.taxon	distribution	Muhlenbergia frondosa is a native species in southern Canada and the contiguous U. S. A. (Peterson, 2003). It is only rarely seen outside of its native distribution range. However, in Italy it is known since several decades from Piemonte (Soldano, 1977) where it is naturalized, for instance in riparian woodland alongside river Sesia. In recent years it seems to spread in northern Italy: Bertolli & Prosser (2013) reported about its discovery in Trentino-Alto Adige and in September 2014 it was also detected alongside river Po in Boretto. This species is rather inconspicuous and often very reluctant to flower; it may be more widespread but overlooked.	en	Verloove, Filip, Ardenghi, Nicola M. G. (2015): New distributional records of non-native vascular plants in northern Italy. Natural History Sciences 2 (1): 5-14, DOI: 10.4081/nhs.2015.219, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/nhs.2015.219
03C990075E790A4CFCD4FD0D8409311B.taxon	description	Naturalized neophyte new to the flora of Lombardia (Soldano, 1983; Soldano, 1993; Banfi & Galasso, 2010).	en	Verloove, Filip, Ardenghi, Nicola M. G. (2015): New distributional records of non-native vascular plants in northern Italy. Natural History Sciences 2 (1): 5-14, DOI: 10.4081/nhs.2015.219, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/nhs.2015.219
03C990075E790A4CFCD4FD0D8409311B.taxon	materials_examined	ITALY. Lombardia. Prov. Pavia: Bereguardo, river Ticino close to the bridge, sandy river bank, 11.09.2014, F. Verloove 11016 (BR).	en	Verloove, Filip, Ardenghi, Nicola M. G. (2015): New distributional records of non-native vascular plants in northern Italy. Natural History Sciences 2 (1): 5-14, DOI: 10.4081/nhs.2015.219, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/nhs.2015.219
03C990075E790A4CFCD4FD0D8409311B.taxon	distribution	This microspecies from the Oenothera biennis aggregate (possibly a hybrid of the latter; Dietrich et al., 1997) was originally described from Piemonte, the type being from Saluggia in Torino province (Soldano, 1983). It is now more or less widely dispersed in Piemonte (see map in Cecere et al., 2012) but had never been recorded outside of this region (Conti et al., 2005; Celesti-Grapow et al., 2009 a). In September 2014 this species was found growing in abundance on the sandy banks of river Ticino in Bereguardo.	en	Verloove, Filip, Ardenghi, Nicola M. G. (2015): New distributional records of non-native vascular plants in northern Italy. Natural History Sciences 2 (1): 5-14, DOI: 10.4081/nhs.2015.219, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/nhs.2015.219
03C990075E790A4CFCD4FD0D8409311B.taxon	discussion	Characteristic features of Oenothera pedemontana are its tall habit (stem up to 230 cm long), late flowering, presence of glandular hairs on the hypanthium, petals wider than long (ca. 26 × 17 - 23 mm) and relatively small capsules ca. 18 - 33 mm long with emarginate capsule teeth (e. g. Soldano, 1993).	en	Verloove, Filip, Ardenghi, Nicola M. G. (2015): New distributional records of non-native vascular plants in northern Italy. Natural History Sciences 2 (1): 5-14, DOI: 10.4081/nhs.2015.219, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/nhs.2015.219
03C990075E790A4BFCD4FA1D837E3556.taxon	synonymic_list	= P. riparium H. Scholz, Feddes Repert., 113 (3 - 4): 275. 2002.	en	Verloove, Filip, Ardenghi, Nicola M. G. (2015): New distributional records of non-native vascular plants in northern Italy. Natural History Sciences 2 (1): 5-14, DOI: 10.4081/nhs.2015.219, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/nhs.2015.219
03C990075E790A4BFCD4FA1D837E3556.taxon	description	Naturalized neophyte new to the flora of Italy (Piemonte) (Conti et al., 2005; Celesti-Grapow et al., 2009 a).	en	Verloove, Filip, Ardenghi, Nicola M. G. (2015): New distributional records of non-native vascular plants in northern Italy. Natural History Sciences 2 (1): 5-14, DOI: 10.4081/nhs.2015.219, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/nhs.2015.219
03C990075E790A4BFCD4FA1D837E3556.taxon	materials_examined	ITALY. Piemonte. Prov. Alessandria: Valenza, river Po S of the bridge, sandy river bank, very common, 07.09.2014, F. Verloove 11060 (BR); Prov. Alessandria: Arquata Scrivia, river Scrivia N of the bridge, gravelly river bed, frequent, 09.09.2014, F. Verloove 11062 (BR).	en	Verloove, Filip, Ardenghi, Nicola M. G. (2015): New distributional records of non-native vascular plants in northern Italy. Natural History Sciences 2 (1): 5-14, DOI: 10.4081/nhs.2015.219, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/nhs.2015.219
03C990075E790A4BFCD4FA1D837E3556.taxon	distribution	Panicum barbipulvinatum is an enigmatic species originating in temperate North America. Its taxonomic status is debated: in its area of origin it is merely included in the variability of P. capillare L. by modern authors (e. g. Freckmann & Lelong, 2003). In Europe, however, where only part of the genetic diversity of the latter is present, it is easily distinguished. This inspired Scholz (2002) to describe it as a neo-endemic species new to science, P. riparium. Recently, Amarell (2013) demonstrated that Scholz’ new species in fact perfectly corresponds with the American P. barbipulvinatum. Moreover, he advocated, like Scholz, that this taxon should be accepted at species rank (as is, for instance, P. hillmanii Chase from the same species complex). His point of view was followed in the recently published Flora Gallica (Tison & de Foucault, 2014).	en	Verloove, Filip, Ardenghi, Nicola M. G. (2015): New distributional records of non-native vascular plants in northern Italy. Natural History Sciences 2 (1): 5-14, DOI: 10.4081/nhs.2015.219, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/nhs.2015.219
03C990075E790A4BFCD4FA1D837E3556.taxon	description	Panicum barbipulvinatum has a laxer inflorescence with spikelets on short pedicels that are tightly appressed. The narrower spikelets are long-acuminate at apex. This particular combination of features renders the plant a characteristic jizz that is fairly different from that of P. capillare. In September 2014 Panicum barbipulvinatum was seen on several occasions in Piemonte, always on exposed sandy or gravelly banks of rivers Po and Scrivia.	en	Verloove, Filip, Ardenghi, Nicola M. G. (2015): New distributional records of non-native vascular plants in northern Italy. Natural History Sciences 2 (1): 5-14, DOI: 10.4081/nhs.2015.219, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/nhs.2015.219
03C990075E7E0A4AFCABFED080E5360B.taxon	synonymic_list	= Panicum gattingeri Nash, Fl. S. E. U. S. [Small], 92 (1327). 1903.	en	Verloove, Filip, Ardenghi, Nicola M. G. (2015): New distributional records of non-native vascular plants in northern Italy. Natural History Sciences 2 (1): 5-14, DOI: 10.4081/nhs.2015.219, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/nhs.2015.219
03C990075E7E0A4AFCABFED080E5360B.taxon	description	Confirmation of naturalized neophyte for the flora of the province of Alessandria (Piemonte) (Soldano & Verloove, 2007).	en	Verloove, Filip, Ardenghi, Nicola M. G. (2015): New distributional records of non-native vascular plants in northern Italy. Natural History Sciences 2 (1): 5-14, DOI: 10.4081/nhs.2015.219, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/nhs.2015.219
03C990075E7E0A4AFCABFED080E5360B.taxon	materials_examined	ITALY. Piemonte. Prov. Alessandria: Valenza, river Po S of the bridge, sandy river bank, few individuals, 07.09.2014, F. Verloove 10990 (BR).	en	Verloove, Filip, Ardenghi, Nicola M. G. (2015): New distributional records of non-native vascular plants in northern Italy. Natural History Sciences 2 (1): 5-14, DOI: 10.4081/nhs.2015.219, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/nhs.2015.219
03C990075E7E0A4AFCABFED080E5360B.taxon	distribution	This North American species was only known from a single, historical record in Alessandria province (Soldano & Verloove, 2007). Its present-day presence is here confirmed. In Piemonte, it is also known from Torino province (Verloove & Selvaggi, 2011), also along river Po.	en	Verloove, Filip, Ardenghi, Nicola M. G. (2015): New distributional records of non-native vascular plants in northern Italy. Natural History Sciences 2 (1): 5-14, DOI: 10.4081/nhs.2015.219, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/nhs.2015.219
03C990075E7E0A4AFCABFED080E5360B.taxon	discussion	Panicum philadelphicum is much reminiscent of P. capillare and both possibly have been confused in parts of Europe. It is readily distinguished by its panicles that are only ca. 1 / 3 the total height of the plant, the base of the peduncle that is not breaking at maturity and the slightly smaller spikelets that are acute at apex, not acuminate.	en	Verloove, Filip, Ardenghi, Nicola M. G. (2015): New distributional records of non-native vascular plants in northern Italy. Natural History Sciences 2 (1): 5-14, DOI: 10.4081/nhs.2015.219, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/nhs.2015.219
03C990075E7F0A4AFF9AFD0D858835FD.taxon	description	Casual neophyte new for the flora of Piemonte (Conti et al., 2005; Celesti Grapow et al., 2009 a).	en	Verloove, Filip, Ardenghi, Nicola M. G. (2015): New distributional records of non-native vascular plants in northern Italy. Natural History Sciences 2 (1): 5-14, DOI: 10.4081/nhs.2015.219, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/nhs.2015.219
03C990075E7F0A4AFF9AFD0D858835FD.taxon	materials_examined	ITALY. Piemonte. Prov. Alessandria: Basaluzzo, torrente Lemme close to SP 160, gravelly riverbed, 4 individuals, 08.09.2014, F. Verloove 11085 (BR).	en	Verloove, Filip, Ardenghi, Nicola M. G. (2015): New distributional records of non-native vascular plants in northern Italy. Natural History Sciences 2 (1): 5-14, DOI: 10.4081/nhs.2015.219, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/nhs.2015.219
03C990075E7F0A4AFF9AFD0D858835FD.taxon	distribution	Perilla frutescens from Asia is widely cultivated as an ornamental or as an oilseed crop. Up to present it has been recorded in Italy in Lombardia and Veneto, always as a casual alien (Celesti-Grapow et al., 2009 a). It is here reported for the first time from Piemonte. In addition to the locality cited above, it was also seen in Arquata Scrivia along river Scrivia. It does not seem to naturalize (yet).	en	Verloove, Filip, Ardenghi, Nicola M. G. (2015): New distributional records of non-native vascular plants in northern Italy. Natural History Sciences 2 (1): 5-14, DOI: 10.4081/nhs.2015.219, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/nhs.2015.219
03C990075E7F0A49FCABFE3F818834B0.taxon	description	Naturalized neophyte new for the flora of the province of Mantova (Lombardia) (Banfi & Galasso, 2010).	en	Verloove, Filip, Ardenghi, Nicola M. G. (2015): New distributional records of non-native vascular plants in northern Italy. Natural History Sciences 2 (1): 5-14, DOI: 10.4081/nhs.2015.219, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/nhs.2015.219
03C990075E7F0A49FCABFE3F818834B0.taxon	materials_examined	ITALY. Lombardia. Prov. Mantova: Viadana, river Po W of the bridge, sandy river bank, few plants, 15.09.2014, F. Verloove 11058 (BR).	en	Verloove, Filip, Ardenghi, Nicola M. G. (2015): New distributional records of non-native vascular plants in northern Italy. Natural History Sciences 2 (1): 5-14, DOI: 10.4081/nhs.2015.219, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/nhs.2015.219
03C990075E7F0A49FCABFE3F818834B0.taxon	distribution	A native of North America, this species became naturalized in Europe, especially in riparian habitats. In Italy it is known from the northernmost regions (Celesti-Grapow et al., 2009 a). It is here reported for the first time from Mantova province in Lombardia.	en	Verloove, Filip, Ardenghi, Nicola M. G. (2015): New distributional records of non-native vascular plants in northern Italy. Natural History Sciences 2 (1): 5-14, DOI: 10.4081/nhs.2015.219, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/nhs.2015.219
03C990075E7F0A49FCABFE3F818834B0.taxon	discussion	This species is obviously naturalized along river Po but usually occurs in small populations. It does not seem to be an aggressive invader.	en	Verloove, Filip, Ardenghi, Nicola M. G. (2015): New distributional records of non-native vascular plants in northern Italy. Natural History Sciences 2 (1): 5-14, DOI: 10.4081/nhs.2015.219, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/nhs.2015.219
03C990075E7C0A49FF9AFF75840B34AE.taxon	description	Casual neophyte new to the flora of the province of Lodi (Lombardia) (Banfi & Galasso, 2010).	en	Verloove, Filip, Ardenghi, Nicola M. G. (2015): New distributional records of non-native vascular plants in northern Italy. Natural History Sciences 2 (1): 5-14, DOI: 10.4081/nhs.2015.219, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/nhs.2015.219
03C990075E7C0A49FF9AFF75840B34AE.taxon	materials_examined	ITALY. Lombardia. Prov. Lodi: San Rocco al Porto, river Po W of the bridge, river bank, several young, self-sown trees, 13.09.2014, F. Verloove 11059 (BR).	en	Verloove, Filip, Ardenghi, Nicola M. G. (2015): New distributional records of non-native vascular plants in northern Italy. Natural History Sciences 2 (1): 5-14, DOI: 10.4081/nhs.2015.219, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/nhs.2015.219
03C990075E7C0A49FF9AFF75840B34AE.taxon	distribution	This North American native is widely planted in Europe, although much less so than P. × canadensis Moench (pro sp.), its hybrid with native P. nigra L. It is reported to be an exceptional escape from cultivation in Lombardia, only being known from three localities in the Pavia area since 1905 (Banfi & Galasso, 2010; Ardenghi, 2013). In San Rocco al Porto several young, obviously self-sown trees were seen on the sandy banks of river Po.	en	Verloove, Filip, Ardenghi, Nicola M. G. (2015): New distributional records of non-native vascular plants in northern Italy. Natural History Sciences 2 (1): 5-14, DOI: 10.4081/nhs.2015.219, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/nhs.2015.219
03C990075E7C0A49FF9AFF75840B34AE.taxon	discussion	Populus deltoides is a distinct species with leaves up to 18 cm long or even longer, provided with more prominent and hooked marginal teeth. These features distinguish it from juvenile individuals of P. × canadensis, which usually bear leaves larger than those of the adult trees (see Eckenwalder, 2010).	en	Verloove, Filip, Ardenghi, Nicola M. G. (2015): New distributional records of non-native vascular plants in northern Italy. Natural History Sciences 2 (1): 5-14, DOI: 10.4081/nhs.2015.219, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/nhs.2015.219
03C990075E7C0A49FCABFF6B843A371A.taxon	description	Naturalized neophyte new to the flora of the province of Alessandria (Piemonte) (Celesti Grapow et al., 2009 a).	en	Verloove, Filip, Ardenghi, Nicola M. G. (2015): New distributional records of non-native vascular plants in northern Italy. Natural History Sciences 2 (1): 5-14, DOI: 10.4081/nhs.2015.219, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/nhs.2015.219
03C990075E7C0A49FCABFF6B843A371A.taxon	materials_examined	ITALY. Piemonte. Prov. Alessandria: Villanova Monferrato, rice fields, 12.09.2014, F. Verloove 11079 (BR).	en	Verloove, Filip, Ardenghi, Nicola M. G. (2015): New distributional records of non-native vascular plants in northern Italy. Natural History Sciences 2 (1): 5-14, DOI: 10.4081/nhs.2015.219, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/nhs.2015.219
03C990075E7C0A49FCABFF6B843A371A.taxon	distribution	Rotala ramosior originally is an American species but it occurs in the Old World as a weed of rice fields, for instance in Italy and the Philippines (Cook, 1979). In Italy it was first discovered in Piemonte in 1972 (Cook, 1973), subsequently also in Lombardia (Banfi & Galasso, 2010). In the past decades it has repeatedly been confirmed from Piemonte (e. g. Soldano, 1977; Abbà, 1980; Varalda et al., 1984; Desfayes, 2005) but it seemed to be confined to the province of Vercelli, from where it was originally reported by Cook (1973). In September 2014 it was found, apparently for the first time, in the province of Alessandria. It was found growing in quantity, with Ammannia coccinea Rottb. and other weeds, in a rice field near Villanova Monferrato.	en	Verloove, Filip, Ardenghi, Nicola M. G. (2015): New distributional records of non-native vascular plants in northern Italy. Natural History Sciences 2 (1): 5-14, DOI: 10.4081/nhs.2015.219, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/nhs.2015.219
03C990075E7D0A48FF9AFF0D827037FD.taxon	description	Naturalized neophyte new to the flora of Piemonte (Conti et al., 2005; Celesti-Grapow et al., 2009 a).	en	Verloove, Filip, Ardenghi, Nicola M. G. (2015): New distributional records of non-native vascular plants in northern Italy. Natural History Sciences 2 (1): 5-14, DOI: 10.4081/nhs.2015.219, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/nhs.2015.219
03C990075E7D0A48FF9AFF0D827037FD.taxon	materials_examined	ITALY. Piemonte. Prov. Vercelli: Ghislarengo, ca. 1.5 km SW of the village, abandoned gravel pit, common, 06.09.2014, F. Verloove 10985 (BR, MSNM).	en	Verloove, Filip, Ardenghi, Nicola M. G. (2015): New distributional records of non-native vascular plants in northern Italy. Natural History Sciences 2 (1): 5-14, DOI: 10.4081/nhs.2015.219, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/nhs.2015.219
03C990075E7D0A48FF9AFF0D827037FD.taxon	distribution	Symphyotrichum pilosum is native in eastern North America (Brouillet et al., 2006) but widely cultivated as an ornamental in Europe. It is a poorly known species that has been confused with S. ericoides (L.) G. L. Nesom, S. lateriflorum (L.) Á. Löve & D. Löve and even S. lanceolatum (Willd.) G. L. Nesom. Italian claims of the first two species are mostly erroneous and referable to S. pilosum (Banfi & Galasso, 2010). The latter is fairly characteristic in having pedicels with numerous linear to subulate bracts and phyllaries with acute, spinulose apices. Stems and leaves may be either pilose to hirsute (var. pilosum) or glabrous (var. pringlei).	en	Verloove, Filip, Ardenghi, Nicola M. G. (2015): New distributional records of non-native vascular plants in northern Italy. Natural History Sciences 2 (1): 5-14, DOI: 10.4081/nhs.2015.219, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/nhs.2015.219
03C990075E7D0A48FF9AFF0D827037FD.taxon	discussion	In Italy Symphyotrichum pilosum was only known with certainty from Lombardia (Banfi & Galasso, 2010) although it may have been overlooked elsewhere. In Ghislarengo it has invaded rough ground in an abandoned quarry. It looks perfectly established there.	en	Verloove, Filip, Ardenghi, Nicola M. G. (2015): New distributional records of non-native vascular plants in northern Italy. Natural History Sciences 2 (1): 5-14, DOI: 10.4081/nhs.2015.219, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/nhs.2015.219
03C990075E7D0A48FF9AFC3E80E83139.taxon	description	Naturalized neophyte new to the flora of the province of Alessandria (Piemonte) (Pistarino et al., 1999).	en	Verloove, Filip, Ardenghi, Nicola M. G. (2015): New distributional records of non-native vascular plants in northern Italy. Natural History Sciences 2 (1): 5-14, DOI: 10.4081/nhs.2015.219, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/nhs.2015.219
03C990075E7D0A48FF9AFC3E80E83139.taxon	materials_examined	ITALY. Piemonte. Prov. Alessandria: Tortona, bridge over river Scrivia, at entrance of A 7 motorway, rough, bare ground, 09.09.2014, F. Verloove 11037 (BR).	en	Verloove, Filip, Ardenghi, Nicola M. G. (2015): New distributional records of non-native vascular plants in northern Italy. Natural History Sciences 2 (1): 5-14, DOI: 10.4081/nhs.2015.219, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/nhs.2015.219
03C990075E7D0A48FF9AFC3E80E83139.taxon	distribution	This South American species is fast spreading and considered invasive in large parts of the Mediterranean area, including Italy (Celesti-Grapow et al., 2009 a). In the Piemonte region it was known from Torino and Cuneo provinces (Pistarino et al., 1999) but not yet from Alessandria.	en	Verloove, Filip, Ardenghi, Nicola M. G. (2015): New distributional records of non-native vascular plants in northern Italy. Natural History Sciences 2 (1): 5-14, DOI: 10.4081/nhs.2015.219, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/nhs.2015.219
