taxonID	type	description	language	source
03C9996EFFC02C30EBC18FADFCC2F942.taxon	materials_examined	Type species Bithynia lucensis Issel, 1866 (Kennard and Woodward, 1926), subsequent designation. Etymology The name Pseudamnicola was used to distinguish the European species formerly included in Amnicola (Paulucci, 1878). Diagnosis (new diagnosis) Shell ovate-conic, with an inflated body whorl about three-quarters of shell length and aperture complete and oval; operculum corneous, yellowish, thin, pliable, ellipsoidal, paucispiral with submarginal nucleus; ctenidium well-developed; osphradium elliptical of intermediate width; radula with central tooth having one basal cusp on each lateral margin and a basal tongue broadly V-shaped; stomach with two chambers and a thin caecum lying on ventral side of posterior chamber; one digestive gland opening in posterior chamber; renal oviduct pigmented; only one seminal receptacle arising from renal oviduct close to insertion of bursa copulatrix duct; bursa copulatrix welldeveloped protruding behind pallial oviduct; prostate gland bean-shaped and penis simple with a distal patch of pigmentation, variable in size; nervous system pigmented with supraoesophageal connective longer than suboesophageal.	en	Delicado, Diana, Machordom, Annie, Ramos, Marian A. (2011): Underestimated diversity of hydrobiid snails. The case of Pseudamnicola (Corrosella) (Mollusca: Caenogastropoda: Hydrobiidae). Journal of Natural History (J. Nat. Hist.) 46 (1 - 2): 25-89, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2011.623358, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2011.623358
03C9996EFFC12C3AEBA28CB8FE2CFAAD.taxon	materials_examined	Type locality Lapeza, Granada VG 72 (Boeters 1984). Material examined Type material. Holotype SMF 256 391, Paratype BOE 224, Slg Falkner and RMNH Leiden, Slg. Altimira (Boeters 1984). Topotypes. Boeters (1984) only cited Lapeza, Granada as the type locality. We found the species in La Gitana spring in La Peza (= Lapeza), Granada, UTM: 30 S 047415 / 412475. This is most probably the type locality because this spring is the freshwater habitat closest to La Peza within the 10 × 10 km VG 72 UTM grid mentioned by Boeters (1984), although he used the Military Grid Reference System. The description of this species has therefore been based on this topotypical material collected in different years and deposited in the MNCN collections under MNCN 15.05 / 49147, MNCN 15.05 / 49148, MNCN 15.05 / 49149, MNCN / ADN 34827 – 34830, MNCN / ADN 34827 – 34830, MNCN 15.05 / 49150. Other populations examined. In addition to La Gitana spring, this species has only been found in a few localities in the centre of Granada province (Figure 1). Boeters (1984, 1988) cited the species also in Almería province (WF 79 el Moltés, Níjar, Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke Historie Leiden, Slg. Altimira, Pseudamnicola brevispira), although he included no drawings of specimens from this province. We have found no specimens of this species in Almería. Specimens of all localities mentioned in the following section were also morphologically examined. Localities. La Gitana spring in La Peza, Granada, UTM: 30 S 047415 / 412475, D. M. and E. R., 27 September 1989, MNCN 15.05 / 49147 (70 % ethanol); B. A., 25 March 1998, MNCN 15.05 / 49148 (ESEM preparation, Figures 2 A, C – F, 3 and 70 % ethanol, Figure 4); D. D., 12 May 2007, MNCN 15.05 / 49149 (absolute ethanol) and MNCN / ADN 34827 – 34830 (frozen material and absolute ethanol); JM. B., 12 March 2009, MNCN 15.05 / 49150 (70 % ethanol); Fuente Grande in Diezma, Sierra Harana, Granada, UTM: 30 S 04592 / 41308, D. M., 23 April 1992, MNCN 15.05 / 49151 (70 % ethanol); B. A., 25 March 1998, MNCN 15.05 / 49152 (70 % ethanol); JM. B., 22 August 2006, MNCN 15.05 / 49153 (96 % ethanol) and MNCN / ADN: 34834 – 34837 (96 % ethanol); MA. R., 7 May 2008, MNCN 15.05 / 49154 (70 % ethanol); Polvorista stream, Quéntar, Granada, UTM: 30 S 0465250 / 4122700, JM. B., 27 October 2006, MNCN 15.05 / 49155 (96 % ethanol and ESEM preparation, Figure 2 B) and MNCN / ADN 34831 – 34833 (96 % ethanol); La Teja spring in Sierra de Huétor, Granada, UTM: 30 S 0455050 / 4124207, JM. B., 30 September 2008, MNCN 15.05 / 49156 (96 % ethanol) and MNCN / ADN 34838 – 34840 (96 % ethanol); La Grea stream, Maitena, Granada, UTM: 30 S 04616 / 41127, D. M. and E. R., 27 September 1989, MNCN 15.05 / 49157 (70 % ethanol); ditch in Sierra de Huétor, Granada, UTM: 30 S 0495820 / 4129400, JM. B., 22 August 2006, MNCN 15.05 / 49158 (96 % ethanol) and MNCN / ADN 34841 (96 % ethanol); Fardés spring in Diezma, Sierra Harana, Granada, UTM: 30 S 04592 / 41308, D. M. and E. R., 12 October 1992, MNCN 15.05 / 49159 (70 % ethanol); Fuente Grande in Prado Negro, Granada, UTM: 30 S 045 / 416, JM. B., 25 May 2006, MNCN 15.05 / 49160 (96 % ethanol) and MNCN / ADN 34842 – 34846 (96 % ethanol). Material examined for morphometry. Shell, anatomical, operculum and radular measurements (Appendix Tables 1 – 8) taken from topotypes from La Gitana spring in La Peza, Granada. Males and females examined were collected in the months March, May and September. Diagnosis Shell with whitish or greyish periostracum; tall ctenidial filaments; central tooth of radula with three wide lateral cusps at each side; black pigmentation on anterior chamber of stomach and intestine; pyriform bursa copulatrix U-shaped; elongated seminal receptacle; renal oviduct black pigmented until loop; slender penis with a large patch of pigmentation on its distal region; nervous system black pigmented, ganglia darker than connectives; supraoesophageal connective at least four times longer than suboesophageal. Description Shell ovate-conic (Figure 2 A, B) with 4 – 5.5 spire whorls, height 3.5 – 5 mm (Figure 2 A, B, D; Appendix Table 1), periostracum whitish or greyish; protoconch approximately 500 µm in width with 1.5 whorls and a nucleus around 170 µm long (Figure 2 D, E); protoconch microsculpture moderately granulated (Figure 2 F); body whorl about two-thirds total length and penultimate whorl relatively taller than previous ones; teleoconch whorls moderately convex with a deep suture; peristome orthocline; inner lip of aperture thicker than outer lip and partially hiding the umbilicus; peristome margin simple, straight (Figure 2 C). Operculum with around 3.5 spire whorls and muscle attachment area oval located near the nucleus (Figure 3 A, B; Appendix Table 2). Radula intermediate length (20 % total shell length) and approximately eight times longer than wide (Figure 3 C, Appendix Table 4); bears some 51 rows of teeth; central tooth with a tongue-shaped median cusp and three wide lateral cusps at each side slightly sharpening towards median cusp (Figure 3 D, E); lateral teeth with two tapered cusps at each side of central tongue-shaped cusp; inner marginal teeth have 12 sharp cusps, shortening towards the base of tooth; outer marginal teeth with 15 tapered cusps (Figure 3 D, F). Pigmentation and anatomy. Head dark brown pigmented from snout to neck (Figure 4 F); pigmentation is clearer on neck; tentacles also brown pigmented but not ocular lobes; snout as long as wide, with medial lobation; foot of intermediate length, pigmented in dorsal region. Ctenidium in the anterior region of pallial cavity with 20 – 24 large gill filaments taller than wide; osphradium of intermediate width under central gill filaments (Figure 4 C, Appendix Table 3). Stomach slightly longer than wide with two chambers equal in size (Figure 4 E); the anterior chamber could display a small patch of black pigmentation; long gastric caecum; style sac longer than wide surrounded by black pigmented intestine (Appendix Table 5). Female genitalia with a slender pallial oviduct containing two glands approximately equal in size (Figure 4 G; Appendix Table 6); capsule gland more transparent than albumen gland in the specimens studied; bursa copulatrix pyriform, long, folded and U-shaped with a duct less than 50 % bursa length; renal oviduct white straight from the insertion point of bursal duct to where it begins to fold and black pigmented making a simple loop, hereafter undulating; seminal receptacle elongated with short duct (Figure 4 H) joining renal oviduct slightly above the point where the bursal duct joins the renal oviduct; there is no contact between distal end of bursa copulatrix and distal end of seminal receptacle. Male genitalia bears a two or three times longer than wide prostate gland (Appendix Table 7) with an efferent duct entering the medial region and deferent duct emerging at its anterior edge (Figure 4 D); penis, long slender, with a blunt distal end and a large patch of pigmentation distally; base of intermediate width attached to the central head area with some folds in its middle region (Figure 4 F); penial duct scarcely visible running straight close to the outer penis margin. Nervous system black pigmented, but ganglia darker than connectives and commissures; cerebral ganglia equal in size; supraoesophageal ganglion around two times longer than suboesophageal and supraoesophageal connective approximately five times longer than suboesophageal (Figure 4 A, B; Appendix Table 8). Mean RPG ratio 0.41 (moderately concentrated). Remarks Among the Pseudamnicola, P. (C.) luisi is the largest species, measuring about 5 mm in height. All specimens showed signs of erosion, not only on the protoconch as in other species, but all over the shell surface. Pseudamnicola (C.) marisolae sp. nov., P. (C.) iruritai sp. nov. and P. (C.) andalusica sp. nov. are sister species (see Figure 26), belonging to the same clade as P. (C.) luisi but not as large. These four species share slender shells, a high SL / SW value (Appendix Table 1), long penis with a large patch of pigmentation, long prostate gland and one seminal receptacle with a short duct. Pseudamnicola (C.) marisolae sp. nov. is molecularly the closest and also biogeographically the nearest species to P. (C.) luisi. The two species share characteristics such as: same number of cusps on lateral and inner marginal teeth, same number of gill filaments, same length of connectives in nervous system and similar shape of penis and bursa copulatrix. Pseudamnicola (C.) luisi differs from the rest of the species of this clade in its granulate protoconch microsculpture, long gill filaments, longer pallial oviduct, larger penis and shell aperture than the rest of species, lack of pigmentation of distal section of renal oviduct and seminal receptacle and the lowest RPG ratio. All these characters serve also to differentiate P. (C.) luisi from P. (C.) falkneri, P. (C.) manueli sp. nov. and P. (C.) bareai sp. nov., these species showing, as well as smaller shells with a lower SL – LBW value (Appendix Table 1), different lateral teeth formula [six lateral cusps in P. (C.) falkneri, three in P. (C.) manueli sp. nov. and four in P. (C.) bareai sp. nov.], fewer gill filaments (12 – 19), a not so slender penis with a smaller patch of pigmentation and shorter seminal receptacle without duct, approximately half the length of that in P. (C.) luisi. Because of its restricted distribution area, Pseudamnicola (C.) luisi has been included as “ Near threatened, NT ” in the Red Book of Invertebrates of Andalusia (Barea-Azcón et al. 2008).	en	Delicado, Diana, Machordom, Annie, Ramos, Marian A. (2011): Underestimated diversity of hydrobiid snails. The case of Pseudamnicola (Corrosella) (Mollusca: Caenogastropoda: Hydrobiidae). Journal of Natural History (J. Nat. Hist.) 46 (1 - 2): 25-89, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2011.623358, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2011.623358
03C9996EFFCA2C22EB4389BDFDAAFA63.taxon	materials_examined	Type locality According to its original description this species was collected by Falkner on 28 September 1967 in two streams, separated by 120 m, at “ Cerro de la Virgen ”, Granada, Spain. The eastern flow, between the source and a watering place, is the type locality. The Cerro de la Virgen is located between Galera and Orce above the southern edge of the river Orce (Boeters 1970). In 1988, Boeters added UTM WG 47 to this type locality. Type material Holotype SMF, Paratypes SMF, MP, RNHL, F, BOE 222 et 223 (Boeters 1970). [MP (= MNHN), RNHL (= RMNH), F (= FALK or Falkner, according to original writing in collection’ labels)]. Types: Holotype SMF 219026, Paratypes SMF 219027 / 1, 219028 / 10, MNHN, FALK, RMNH, BOE 222 and 223 (Boeters 1988). Material examined Type material. We examined a photograph of the holotype (SMF 219026) labelled as “ Abfluss des östlichen Quellaustritts, Cerro de la Virgen, Granada. Falkner leg. 28 / 9 / 67 ex. BOE 222 ”, five shells from SMF 219028 / 10 labelled as “ Paratypen, Spanien: Granada: Cerro de la Virgen: W Quellenaustritt, G. Falkner 28.9.67 (BOE 223 b) ”, 10 shells from the NHMW 107332 labelled as “ Paratypen ex BOE 223 b. Corrosella falkneri Quellenaustritt der W. Balsa, Cerro de la Virgen, Granada FALKNER leg 28 IX 1967 ”, four shells (dry specimens) NHMW 107331 labelled as “ Paratypen ex BOE 223 b Pseudamnicola (Corrosella) falkneri Westl. Quellenaustritt am Cerro de la Virgen zw. Galera u. Orce oberh. des Süduffers der Vega d. Rio Orce, Granada leg. Falkner 28.9.1967 ”, 15 shells (most of them juveniles) recently collected at 223 b (D. M., N. M. and E. M., 20 March 2011, MNCN 15.05 / 49430). All published papers (Boeters 1970, 1988) mentioned the existence of more than one sample collected at locality 223. The presence of material labelled as “ BOE 223 b ” in SMF and as “ ex BOE 223 b ” in NHMW alerted us to the existence of a sample 223 a. Boeters (personal communication) kindly clarified that the description of P. (C.) falkneri was based on specimens of three samples received from Gerhard Falkner as follows: - BOE 222 is the type locality (“ écoulement oriental ”, according to Falkner “ Abfluss des östlichen Quellaustritts ” [flow from the eastern spring emergence]). Type material from this sample: holotype: SMF 219026, paratypes: SMF 219027 / 1 in addition to BOE collection (Boeters personal communication) that comprises BOE 222 specimens either in alcohol (now BOE 0222) or shells (now BOE 2629). - BOE 223 is the second original locality (“ écoulement occidentale ”). However G. Falkner distinguished between “ Acequia unterhalb der westlichen Balsa ” [acequia downhill of the western balsa] (BOE 223 a) and “ Quellaustritt ” [spring emergence] (BOE 223 b). Paratypes at present in BOE collection (Boeters personal communication) comprise animals in alcohol (from BOE 223 a, now BOE 0223) and shells (from BOE 223 b, now BOE 2630). Neither the papers by Boeters (1970, 1988) nor the labels of the collection materials mention the names of the springs, and it was therefore difficult to identify the precise location of the type localities. Boeters (personal communication) provided additional data that have allowed us to locate them. The exact location of the Boeters’ samples is: (European Datum 1950): BOE 222, UTM: 30 S 543001 4175819, BOE 223 a, UTM: 30 S 542838 4175797, BOE 223 b, UTM: 30 S 542840 4175779 (all explored by D. M., N. M. and E. M. 20 March 2011). Water flows near Cerro de la Virgen are now dry or destroyed and only a few empty shells were found at locality 223 b (D. Moreno, personal communication). The area was extensively explored and Pseudamnicola (Corrosella) falkneri was found in five springs at the town of Orce close to Orce river. We accordingly based our anatomical descriptions and molecular data on these specimens. All the material is deposited at the MNCN except for some specimens mentioned below that have been deposited at the NHMW. Localities and collection numbers are as follows: La Armada spring, Orce, Granada, UTM: 30 S 0546272 / 4176139, JM. B., 21 May 2008, MNCN 15.05 / 49161 (96 % ethanol, Figure 8 D and ESEM preparation, Figure 5 A, D – G,), MNCN / ADN 34847 – 34851 (96 % ethanol), NHMW 92420 / 10 spec. (70 % ethanol); JM. B., 30 October 2008, MNCN 15.05 / 49162 (70 % ethanol); Palo spring, Orce, Granada, UTM: 30 S 0545712 / 4175851, JM. B., 21 May 2008, MNCN 15.05 / 49163 (96 % ethanol, Figure 8 F) and MNCN / ADN 34852 – 34857 (96 % ethanol); JM. B., 30 October 2008, MNCN 15.05 / 49164 (70 % ethanol); Zarza spring, Orce, Granada, UTM: 30 S 0544907 / 4176049, JM. B., 21 May 2008, MNCN 15.05 / 49165 (96 % ethanol) and MNCN / ADN 34858 – 34859 (96 % ethanol); La Pi spring, Orce, Granada, UTM: 30 S 0544632 / 4175976, JM. B., 21 May 2008, MNCN 15.05 / 49166 (96 % ethanol) and MNCN / ADN 34860 – 34861 (96 % ethanol); Las Mimbreras spring, Orce, Granada, UTM: 30 S 0545875 / 4175182, JM. B., MNCN 15.05 / 49167 (96 % ethanol) and MNCN / ADN: 34862 – 34863 (96 % ethanol). Other material examined. Tubos spring, Castril, Granada, UTM: 30 S 0520451 / 4185742, JM. B., 21 May 2008, MNCN 15.05 / 49168 (96 % ethanol) and MNCN / ADN: 34864 – 34873 (96 % ethanol); spring in Pontezuela, Castril, Granada, UTM: 30 S 0519553 / 4184431, JM. B., 21 May 2008, MNCN 15.05 / 49169 (96 % ethanol) and MNCN / ADN: 34874 – 34876 (96 % ethanol); spring in Castril, Granada, UTM: 30 SWH 2087, JM. B., 26 August 2006, MNCN 15.05 / 49170 (96 % ethanol) and MNCN / ADN 34877 (96 % ethanol); Dos Caños spring, Castril, Granada, UTM: 30 S 0520478 / 4185772, D. D., 13 October 2008, MNCN 15.05 / 49171 (70 % ethanol, Figure 8 A, and ESEM preparation, Figure 5 B) and MNCN / ADN: 34878 – 34893 (frozen material); La Errá spring, La Dehesa, Albacete, UTM: 30 S 0572400 / 4242458, D. D., 30 March 2008, MNCN 15.05 / 49172 (70 % ethanol and ESEM preparation, Figure 5 C) and MNCN / ADN 34894 – 34898 (frozen material); stream in Letur, Albacete, D. M., 12 October 1994, MNCN 15.05 / 49173 (70 % ethanol); Fuente García stream in Cordovilla, Albacete, D. M., 18 May 1997, MNCN 15.05 / 49174 (70 % ethanol); Oria, Almería, UTM: 30 S 0570250 / 4150420, JM. B., December 2009, MNCN 15.05 / 49198 (96 % ethanol) and MNCN / ADN 34965 – 34966 (96 % ethanol). Material examined for morphometry Measurements of the holotype based on published photographs (Boeters 1970, fig. 10; Boeters 1999, fig. 3) (Figure 8 A) and the available paratypes (Figure 8 B, C) were compared with measurements of specimens of all the new localities where the species has been found. As explained below, La Armada spring specimens (Orce) were selected for morphometric comparisons with the other species here examined because they were the least eroded and most had a preserved apex. Shell, anatomical, operculum and radular measurements for La Armada (Appendix Tables 1 – 8) correspond to males and females collected in May and October. Diagnosis Shell small with yellowish periostracum; radial sculpture on teleoconch; outer peristome with a slight sinuosity in lateral view; plain central radular tooth weakly serrated and lateral teeth with six lateral cusps at each side of median cusp; bursa copulatrix long cylindrical; seminal receptacle elongated; renal oviduct black pigmented until loop; prostate gland three or four times longer than wide; penis slender tubular with a small black patch of pigment in distal region; nervous system black pigmented with a supraoesophageal connective eight times longer than suboesophageal. Description Shell ovate-conic, yellowish periostracum with 4.5 – 5 spire whorls, height 2 – 2.6 mm in non-eroded specimens (Figures 5 A – C, 8 D, Appendix Table 1). In some populations, shells are very eroded at their apex or apex is even lost in different measure showing white colour in this zone; protoconch with around 1.25 whorls, 350 µm total length and nucleus width approximately 100 µm (Figure 5 E, F); granular microsculpture with granules more strongly patched at the protoconch nucleus (Figure 5 G); teleoconch with radial sculpture marks on its surface, more marked on body whorl which occupies more than half total shell length; peristome orthocline, oval, complete, with a thin outer lip and a thicker inner lip which is in contact with body whorl hiding the umbilicus; outer peristome simple showing slight sinuosity in lateral view (Figure 5 D). Operculum with around 2.5 spire whorls on internal side; oval muscular attachment mark appears near the nucleus (Figure 6 A, B, Appendix Table 2). Radula approximately eight times longer than wide (Figure 6 C, Appendix Table 4) of intermediate size (representing 30 % of total shell length); contains around 62 rows of teeth; central tooth flattened, without cusps, border only weakly serrate (Figure 6 D, E) with small basal cusp on each side; lateral teeth contain tongue-shaped central cusps and six laterals (external ones longer than internal); inner marginal teeth have 33 cusps which are smaller towards the tooth base, but the fourth cusp from the tooth base is wider and longer than those surrounding it; outer marginal teeth with 25 cusps occupying over 25 % of tooth surface (Figure 6 D – F). Pigmentation and anatomy. Head and tentacles dark brown, but pigment absent from ocular lobes (Figure 7 E); foot intermediate in size with dark brown pigmentation on its dorsal side. Ctenidium in the middle of the pallial cavity; contains 12 – 13 gill filaments taller than long; osphradium opposite middle section of ctenidium (Figure 7 C, Appendix Table 3). Stomach and style sac longer than wide (Appendix Table 5); its anterior region being surrounded by intestine, pigmented in some specimens (Figure 7 F); rectum slightly S-shaped in pallial cavity. Two morphologies of female genitalia observed within the same population: one with both glands in the pallial oviduct approximately equal in size (Appendix Table 6) and a long cylindrical bursa folded into a J-shape (Figure 7 G, H), sometimes its distal end also folds; and the other with a capsule gland longer than albumen gland and cylindrical U-shaped bursa copulatrix (Figure 7 I, J); in both, the renal oviduct is straight and lacks pigment from its joining point with the bursal duct to oviduct loop, thereafter it becomes blackish and undulates; small elongated seminal receptacle without duct lying on renal oviduct above insertion of the bursa copulatrix duct. Male genitalia with a three or four times longer than wide prostate gland (Appendix Table 7), and efferent duct entering into the ventral middle-posterior section and deferent duct emerging in the anterior section (Figure 7 D); penis intermediate size with base wider than distal region, flattened with a black small patch of pigmentation in distal region (Figure 7 E); straight penial duct runs along the external side of penis. Nervous system black pigmented, with darker pigment on ganglia; cerebral ganglion equal in size approximately joined by 0.11 mm of commissure; supraoesophageal connective is eight times longer than suboesophageal, which usually consists of a simple strangulation; left pleural ganglion usually larger than right (Figure 7 A, B, Appendix Table 8). Mean RPG ratio 0.49 (moderately concentrated). Remarks After examining the available type material, the labels and the original description (Boeters 1970 and personal communication 2010) one can conclude that Boeters considered that: (1) all the material collected by Falkner between Galera and Orce (three samples BOE 222, 223 a and 223 b) was type material, (2) holotype SMF 219026 and paratypes SMF 219027 / 1 (ex. BOE 222) plus BOE 0222 and BOE 2629 correspond to the type locality “ écoulement oriental ”, (3) the other two samples (223 a and 223 b) are from the second original locality “ écoulement occidentale ”, (4) specimens SMF 219028 / 10 and the four specimens NHMW 107331 are subsamples of the same sample (ex. BOE 223 b) (“ Westl. Quellenaustritt ”), whereas the provenance of the 10 NHMW 107332 paratypes is still doubtful because of the contradictory information in their original labels; that is, the location “ Quellenaustritt der W. Balsa ” seems to correspond to the third sample 223 a, although the writing on the label reads “ ex. BOE 223 b ”. Figure 8 shows the apex erosion that can be observed in both the paratypes and shells of recently collected specimens. Erosion frequently produces loss of first whorls and therefore most length measurements are useless, the remaining variables being too few for a comparative statistical analysis. The population from La Armada is the most similar to the holotype and accordingly it was used for conchological comparisons with the other species in this study (see Statistical analysis). Populations from Granada exhibit two morphologies of female genitalia within the same population, though genetic studies (unpublished data) indicate no divergence between the two morphotypes (0.00 %) that would support two different taxonomic entities (see Discussion). However, all females from Albacete have a large bursa copulatrix and smaller pallial oviduct, the bursa copulatrix being even longer in populations from Albacete than Granada. These morphological inter-population differences are reflected in molecular sequences (0.5 % for COI) but are relatively low and can only be taken to indicate inter-population variability. Boeters described an unpigmented penis both in the original description (Boeters 1970) and in his revision (Boeters 1988). However, we observed that the distal region of the penis contains a small black patch of pigmentation in all the populations examined. Molecularly, P. (C.) falkneri represents an independent lineage within the subgenus Corrosella, and its relationship with the other two clades is not well defined (Figure 26). Morphological similarities with the clade comprising P. (C.) marisolae sp. nov., P. (C.) luisi, P. (C.) iruritai sp. nov. and P. (C.) andalusica sp. nov. are: slen- der shell with same SL / SW ratio (about 1.80, Appendix Table 1), long penis also with the same PL / Head length ratio (about 1.30, Appendix Table 7) and pattern of pigmentation in renal oviduct, starting at the joining point with the bursa duct. Shared characters with P. (C.) manueli sp. nov. and P. (C.) bareai sp. nov. include: small trace of pigment on distal region of penis and shorter seminal receptacle compared with the rest of the studied species. Further, the shape and size of the shell aperture in P. (C.) falkneri are similar to that of P. (C.) hydrobiopsis. Pseudamnicola (C.) falkneri has numerous autapomorphies because it is the only species of Corosella that shows: a shell as small as 2 – 2.6 mm, central radular tooth without cusps, six lateral cusps in radular lateral teeth, as few as 12 – 13 gill filaments, two female genitalia morphologies in some populations, short seminal receptacle (around 0.15 mm), prostate gland as long as almost 2 mm and RPG ratio approaching 0.5 (Appendix Table 8). In this study, we extend the distribution area both in Granada and in Albacete and the species is cited for the first time from the Almería province. Despite this expansion, P. (C.) falkneri was included as “ Vulnerable ” in the Red Book of the Invertebrates of Andalusia (Barea-Azcón et al. 2008).	en	Delicado, Diana, Machordom, Annie, Ramos, Marian A. (2011): Underestimated diversity of hydrobiid snails. The case of Pseudamnicola (Corrosella) (Mollusca: Caenogastropoda: Hydrobiidae). Journal of Natural History (J. Nat. Hist.) 46 (1 - 2): 25-89, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2011.623358, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2011.623358
03C9996EFFD22C13EB718A18FDC0FEE7.taxon	materials_examined	Type locality La Garganta stream in Nava de San Pedro, Jaén, Spain, UTM: 30 S 0509318 / 4194330. Type material Holotype MNCN 15.05 / 49176 a (SEM preparation, Figure 9 A, D) and paratypes (Figures 9 E – G, 10, 11) MNCN 15.05 / 49176 b (SEM preparation, Figures 9 E – G, 10, and 70 % ethanol, Figure 11) and MNCN / ADN 34899 – 34904 (frozen material), D. D., 12 October 2007; MNCN 15.05 / 49175 (70 % ethanol), 1 May 1990, D. M. Other populations studied In addition to type specimens, we examined the following material collected in the province of Jaén: La Garganta spring in Nava de San Pedro, Jaén, UTM: 30 S 0509318 / 4194330, D. D., 12 October 2007, MNCN 15.05 / 49177 (70 % ethanol); El Valle stream, La Iruela, Jaén (Figure 9 B), UTM: 30 S 0504010 / 4196581, D. D., 14 October 2007, MNCN 15.05 / 49183 (ESEM preparations and 70 % ethanol) and MNCN / ADN 34908 – 34915 (frozen material); La Ponderosa spring in Hinojares, Jaén, UTM: 30 S 0501944 / 4179988, D. M., 30 April 1990, MNCN 15.05 / 49178 (70 % ethanol); El Céfano spring in La Iruela, Jaén, UTM: 30 S 0502253 / 4197687, B. A., 23 March 1998, MNCN 15.05 / 49179 (70 % ethanol); D. D., 14 October 2007, MNCN 15.05 / 49180 (70 % ethanol and ESEM preparations, Figure 9 C) and MNCN / ADN 34905 – 34907 (frozen material); Molino ditch in La Iruela, Jaén, UTM: 30 S 0500538 / 4197129, D. M., 30 April 1990, MNCN 15.05 / 49181 (70 % ethanol); ditch in Finca Rechita, La Iruela, Jaén, UTM: 30 S 05028 / 41981, B. A., 23 March 1998, MNCN 15.05 / 49182 (70 % ethanol); Sierra de Cazorla Hotel, La Iruela, Jaén, UTM: 30 S 05005 / 41969, D. M., 30 April 1990, MNCN 15.05 / 49184 (70 % ethanol); spring in Prados de la Presa, Jaén, B. A., 24 March 1998, MNCN 15.05 / 49185 (70 % ethanol); La Mata spring in Mata Bejid, Jaén, UTM: 30 S 04553 / 41721, B. A., 24 March 1998, MNCN 15.05 / 49186 (70 % ethanol); stream in La Toba, Jaén, UTM: 30 S 0539412 / 4226322, B. A., 24 March 1998, MNCN 15.05 / 49187 (70 % ethanol); Arroyo del Museo de la Caza, Cazorla, Jaén, UTM: 30 S 0500538 / 4197129, D. M., 1 May 1990, MNCN 15.05 / 49188 (70 % ethanol). Specimens examined for morphometry Shell, anatomical, operculum and radular measurements (Appendix Tables 1 – 8) were made in male and female specimens collected at La Garganta stream in Nava de San Pedro (type locality), Jaén in March, April, May and October. Etymology Dedicated to Manuel Delicado, father of the first author of this paper, for his support and help with fieldwork. Diagnosis Shell with a bulging inflated body whorl relatively wider than the rest of whorls; oesophagus and intestine without pigmentation; anterior edge of style sac protrudes under the intestine; female genitalia with an elongated pyriform J-shaped bursa copulatrix, seminal receptacle slightly pigmented, above insertion of bursal duct; renal oviduct black pigmented until insertion point of seminal receptaculum; penis gradually tapering and pointed at its end, with a narrow distal pigment patch; nervous system black pigmented with supraoesophageal connective over four times longer than suboesophageal. Description Shell ovate-conic, yellowish periostracum with 4.25 – 4.75 spire whorls, height 3.7 – 3 mm (Figure 9 A – C; Appendix Table 1); body whorl well-developed, about threequarters of shell length, and wider than the rest of whorls; deep suture and convex spire whorls; protoconch with approximately 1.8 whorls; protoconch width and width of nucleus around 420 µm and 180 µm, respectively (Figure 9 E, F); protoconch microsculpture granulated (Figure 9 G); oval aperture complete with thin outer lip and thicker inner lip; narrow umbilicus; edge of peristome straight (Figure 9 D). Operculum with around 2.5 spire whorls and an oval muscle attachment area near the nucleus (Figure 10 A, B, Appendix Table 2). Radula medium size (18 %) relative to maximum shell dimension (Figure 10 C, Appendix Table 4); with approximately 50 rows of teeth; central tooth with a large median cusp, sometimes slightly divided, and four or five lateral very small cusps of irregular shape decreasing in size (Figure 10 D, E) giving the edge a serrated appearance; lateral teeth with three sharp lateral cusps; inner marginal teeth with approximately 18 tapered cusps and outer marginal teeth with around 22 tapered cusps smaller than inner marginal cusps (Figure 10 D, F). Pigmentation and anatomy. Head dark brown pigmented; internal side of the tentacle has a longitudinal streak without pigmentation (Figure 11 D); foot intermediate in size and with dark brown pigment on its dorsal side. Ctenidium well-developed with 17 – 19 gill filaments taller than wide occupying two-thirds of pallial cavity; osphradium in opposite middle region of ctenidium (Figure 11 C, Appendix Table 3). Stomach almost as long as wide with both chambers equal in size (Appendix Table 5); style sac with protruding intestinal loop; oesophagus and intestine without pigmentation (Figure 11 F); rectum S-shaped in pallial cavity containing orange faecal pellets. Female genitalia with two glands in pallial oviduct: albumen gland, the most posterior, and capsule gland with two portions (the most proximal is whiter); albumen gland occupies more than one-third of pallial oviduct (Figure 11 G, Appendix Table 6); bursa copulatrix elongated J-shaped (Figure 11 H); black pigmented renal oviduct fading from loop to insertion of seminal receptacle; renal oviduct lies over bursa copulatrix making two or three loops; elongated seminal receptacle without duct, situated on renal oviduct above the insertion of bursal duct. Male genitalia with a bean-shaped prostate gland (Figure 11 E, Appendix Table 7) the seminal duct entering the posterior region and a pallial vas deferens emerging close to its anterior edge; penis simple, gradually tapered, with a distal patch of pigmentation and six or seven folds in its middle region (Figure 11 D); the penis is attached to the central region of head, behind the eyes; penial duct straight or slightly undulating on the right / external side of the penis, running from base to penis tip. Nervous system black pigmented, darker on ganglia than connectives and commissures; cerebral ganglia approximately same size; supraoesophageal connective is four times longer than suboesophageal connective (Figure 11 A, B, Appendix Table 8); RPG ratio is 0.44 (moderately concentrated); oesophagus running straight beneath cerebral commissure. Remarks Populations from Nava de San Pedro (type locality), la Mata and Padros de la Presa have shells with a wider body whorl and a more tapered penis with a small patch of pigmentation, whereas the shells of specimens from La Iruela and Cazorla village are more slender and the penis has a rounded tip and larger pigment patch. Furthermore, the pigmented area on the seminal receptacle is larger in females of the type locality than the rest. Molecular analyses (still in progress) also indicate certain genetic distance between the two groups of populations (3.9 %), but this distance is insufficient to consider them two different species. Pseudamnicola (C.) manueli sp. nov. differs from the rest of the species of Corrosella examined in having: an inflated body whorl of shells (Figure 9 A – C), granulated protoconch microsculpture (Figure 9 G), presence of four or five lateral very small cusps of the central radula tooth giving a serrated appearance (Figure 10 D, E, Appendix Table 4), long ctenidium (the longest being a mean of 1.43 mm, Appendix Table 3) and a tapered penis.	en	Delicado, Diana, Machordom, Annie, Ramos, Marian A. (2011): Underestimated diversity of hydrobiid snails. The case of Pseudamnicola (Corrosella) (Mollusca: Caenogastropoda: Hydrobiidae). Journal of Natural History (J. Nat. Hist.) 46 (1 - 2): 25-89, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2011.623358, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2011.623358
03C9996EFFD22C13EB718A18FDC0FEE7.taxon	description	Pseudamnicola (C.) bareai sp. nov. is the genetically closest species to P. (C.) manueli sp. nov. (5.46 % divergence) and both share characters such as: shell dimensions (Figure 25), 18 cusps in inner marginal teeth, length of penis (1 mm approximately in both species) and prostate gland (1.6 mm average length). However, there are some characters that serve to differentiate both species: (1) central radular tooth with a wide, almost pentagonal, central cusp in P. (C.) manueli sp. nov., being narrower and more elongated in P. (C.) bareai sp. nov.; (2) three lateral cusps in lateral radular teeth in P. (C.) manueli sp. nov. and four in P. (C.) bareai sp. nov.; (3) different appearance and size of capsule gland (Figure 11 G; Appendix Table 6), being longer in P. (C.) manueli sp. nov. and showing two regions of different opacity, whereas in P. (C.) bareai sp. nov. its appearance is more uniform (Figure 14 G); (4) elongated bursa copulatrix folded into a J-shape in P. (C.) manueli sp. nov. without clear transition from bursal duct, which widens gradually (Figure 11 H), and folded into a U-shape in P. (C.) bareai sp. nov. (Figure 14 H) with clear transition from the bursal duct; (5) sharp penis with a long patch of pigmentation in distal region in P. (C.) manueli sp. nov. (Figure 11 D), and round penis tip and smaller almost round patch of pigment in middle region of penis in P. (C.) bareai sp. nov. (Figure 14 D). Pseudamnicola (Corrosella) bareai sp. nov Type locality Spring at Ermita de las Santas, Collados de la Sagra, Granada, Spain, UTM: 30 S 0542294 / 4201835. Type material Holotype MNCN 15.05 / 49190 a (ESEM preparation, Figure 12 A), paratypes MNCN 15.05 / 49190 b (ESEM preparation, Figures 12 B, D – G, 13, and 70 % ethanol, Figure 14) and MNCN / ADN 34916 – 34930 (frozen material), D. D., 13 October 2007; JM. B., 6 June 2006, MNCN 15.05 / 49189 (70 % ethanol); JM. B., 21 May 2008, MNCN 15.05 / 49191 (70 % ethanol). Other populations examined All populations of the new species were found in the Castril mountains (Granada province) with the exception on one population found at Siete Fuentes at the edge of the Cazorla mountains in Jaén province. Specimens were collected from: Fuente Nuevas, Castril, Granada, UTM: 30 S 0512019 / 4181258, JM. B., 21 May 2008, MNCN 15.05 / 49192 (96 % ethanol) and MNCN / ADN: 34931 – 34932 (96 % ethanol); El Laude, Castril, Granada, UTM: 30 S 0517139 / 4187270, JM. B., 21 May 2008, MNCN 15.05 / 49193 (96 % ethanol) and MNCN / ADN: 34933 (96 % ethanol); JM. B., 30 October 2008, MNCN 15.05 / 49194 (70 % ethanol); Agüerillo, Castril, Granada (Figure 12 C), UTM: 30 S 0517351 / 4186925, JM. B., 21 May 2008, MNCN 15.05 / 49195 (96 % ethanol) and MNCN / ADN: 34934 (96 % ethanol); JM. B., 30 October 2008, MNCN 15.05 / 49196 (70 % ethanol); Siete Fuentes, Cuenca, Jaén, UTM: 30 S 0502639 / 4176601, D. D., 12 October 2007, MNCN 15.05 / 49197 (70 % ethanol) and MNCN / ADN: 34935 – 34944 (frozen material). Etymology Dedicated to José Miguel Barea, who besides being the discoverer of the type locality, kindly collaborated with us in sampling and protecting freshwater molluscs and their habitat in Andalusia. Diagnosis Shell with penultimate whorl tall in relation to previous ones; lateral radular tooth formula 4 - C- 4; intestine slightly pigmented; bursa copulatrix cylindrical U-shaped; renal oviduct darkly pigmented until insertion and seminal receptacle non-pigmented; penis gradually tapering with a clear narrow patch of pigment in the middle region; nervous system brown pigmented with supraoesophageal connective over four times longer than suboesophageal. Description Shell ovate-conic, yellowish periostracum, with 4 – 4.25 spire whorls, height 3.3 – 2.5 mm (Figure 12 A – C, Appendix Table 1); body whorl occupying three-quarters of total shell length and penultimate whorl rather tall in relation to previous ones; whorls convex; protoconch net-shaped grooved (Figure 12 G) with about 1.8 whorls; total width and nucleus width around 380 and 190 µm, respectively (Figure 12 E, F); longitudinal ribs run parallel to protoconch suture; aperture complete oval; narrow outer lip in contact with last whorl practically hiding the umbilicus; inner lip wider than outer; in lateral view aperture straight and slightly backwards (Figure 12 D). Operculum with around three spire whorls (Figure 13 A, Appendix Table 2); muscle attachment area oval close to nucleus (Figure 13 B). Radula medium size (27 %) relative to maximum shell dimension and nine times longer than wide (Figure 13 C, Appendix Table 4); around 61 rows of teeth; central tooth with a long tapered median cusp and four to six very small laterals, fused in some specimens (Figure 13 D, E); basal tongue V-shaped; lateral teeth with four relatively tapered lateral cusps; inner marginal tooth contains approximately 18 cusps of decreasing size; outer marginal tooth with around 20 cusps smaller than inner marginal cusps (Figure 13 D, F). Pigmentation and anatomy. Head with uniform blackish pigment from snout to base of penis; pigmentation clearer on neck; ocular region without pigmentation; tentacles with a longitudinal band of pigmentation on the external side (Figure 14 D); snout as long as wide with medium distal lobation; foot intermediate with dorsal pigmentation. Ctenidium with 16 – 18 well-developed gill filaments situated in the middle of the pallial cavity; osphradium less than 50 % ctenidium length and located in the opposite middle of the ctenidium (Figure 14 C, Appendix Table 3). Stomach slightly wider than long with two similar-size cameras and medium-sized gastric caecum (Appendix Table 5); style sac approximately as long as stomach; intestine weakly pigmented (Figure 14 F); rectum filled with orange faecal-pellets and S-shaped in pallial cavity. Female genitalia with an albumen gland that occupies one-third pallial oviduct (Figure 14 G, Appendix Table 6); bursa copulatrix cylindrical U-shaped (Figure 14 H) with a long duct; renal oviduct black pigmented until insertion of seminal receptacle, it makes a simple loop over the bursa copulatrix after two or three very dark loops; seminal receptacle elongated without pigment lies on renal oviduct slightly above the joining point of the bursal duct. Male genitalia with a large bean-shaped prostate gland almost four times longer than wide and occupying a large section of pallial cavity (Figure 14 E, Appendix Table 7); seminal duct entering the medial-posterior region of prostate gland and a pallial vas deferens emerging close to its anterior edge; penis tubular with a narrow base, six or seven small folds in the middle region and clear blackish pigmentation, varying from a small patch in the middle region to a narrow long patch covering all the middle surface (Figure 14 D); penis can appear coiled in live specimens; straight penial duct running on right side of the penis from base to the tip. Nervous system with darker ganglia than connectives and commissures; cerebral ganglia approximately same size; right pleural ganglion smaller than left pleural ganglion; supraoesophageal connective four times longer than suboesophageal (Figure 14 B, Appendix Table 8); RPG ratio 0.42 (moderately concentrated); oesophagus runs underneath nervous system without loops or folds (Figure 14 A). Remarks Pseudamnicola (C.) bareai sp. nov. can be distinguished from the other Pseudamnicola (Corrosella) species examined here by: lateral radular teeth with four lateral cusps on each side of the elongated central tooth, strong U-shaped bursa copulatrix and tubular penis with a narrow base and small pigment patch. Pseudamnicola (C.) manueli sp. nov. is morphologically and genetically the closest species (genetic divergence 5.46 %, Appendix Table 9) but both species can be differentiated because: (1) P. (C.) bareai sp. nov. has a tubular penis with a narrow base, round tip and a small patch of pigment in middle-distal region, whereas the penis in P. (C.) manueli sp. nov. is sharp with a wider base and has a longer patch of pigment in its distal portion; (2) the bursa copulatrix is folded into a U-shape in P. (C.) bareai sp. nov. and is J-shaped in P. (C.) manueli sp. nov.; (3) lateral radular tooth formula is 4 - C- 4 in P. (C.) bareai sp. nov. and 3 - C- 3 in P. (C.) manueli sp. nov.; (4) protoconch microsculpture is granular in P. (C.) manueli sp. nov. and grooved in P. (C.) bareai sp. nov. Pseudamnicola (Corrosella) marisolae sp. nov Type locality Pilar del Mono spring in Dúrcal, Granada, Spain, UTM: 30 S 0449218 / 4095030. Type material Holotype MNCN 15.05 / 49417 a (ESEM preparation, Figure 15 A), paratypes (Figures 15 D – G, 16, 17) MNCN 15.05 / 49417 b (ESEM preparation, Figures 15 D – G, 16, 70 % ethanol, Figure 17), D. M and J. T., 17 October 1989; D. M. and E. R., 25 September 1989, MNCN 15.05 / 49416 (70 % ethanol); D. M., 15 October 1990, MNCN 15.05 / 49418 (70 % ethanol); D. M., 8 February 1992, MNCN 15.05 / 49419 (70 % ethanol); B. A., 27 March 1998, MNCN 15.05 / 49420 (70 % ethanol); JM. B., 22 September 2008, MNCN 15.05 / 49421 (96 % ethanol) and MNCN / AND 34945 – 34946 (96 % ethanol). Other populations examined Specimens of this species were found in the centre and southern area of Granada as follows: Palmones spring, Padul, Granada (Figure 15 C), UTM: 30 S 0445770 / 4097570, JM. B., 28 February 2007, MNCN 15.05 / 49422 (96 % ethanol) and MNCN / ADN 34947 – 34951 (96 % ethanol); Padul, Granada, UTM: 30 SUG 469 / 973, JM. B., 20 September 2006, MNCN 15.05 / 49423 (96 % ethanol) and MNCN / ADN 34952 – 34953 (96 % ethanol); Fuente Grande, Alfácar, Granada (Figure 15 B), UTM: 30 S 0450991 / 4122546, JM. B., 18 October 2008, MNCN 15.05 / 49424 (96 % ethanol) and MNCN / ADN 34954 – 34955 (96 % ethanol). Etymology Dedicated to María Soledad Iglesias (Marisol), mother of the first author, for her help in collecting the material and her constant support. Diagnosis Shell slender of marked conic shape; central radular tooth with four lateral cusps; intestine and oesophagus without pigmentation; renal oviduct brown or black pigmented; bursal duct long and narrow except at the point joining renal oviduct where it has an expansion; penis long with a large patch of black pigment from middle region to tip and folds on the base and middle section; nervous system with a supraoesophageal connective around four times longer than suboesophageal. Description Shell yellowish periostracum with 4.5 – 5.5 spire whorls, height 4.60 – 3.25 mm (Figure 15 A – C, Appendix Table 1); convex whorls with a very marked suture; body whorl occupies two-thirds of shell length; protoconch with around 1.6 spire whorls 500 µm wide and nucleus width approximately 150 µm (Figure 15 E, F); protoconch microsculpture with grooves across entire surface (Figure 15 G); peristome frontal, oval, complete, with a thin outer lip and thicker inner lip not in contact with body whorl; narrow umbilicus hidden behind inner lip of peristome; outer peristome simple and straight (Figure 15 D). Operculum translucent, with 3.5 spire whorls approximately (Figure 16 B, Appendix Table 2); internal side has a convex edge and oval muscle attachment near nucleus (Figure 16 A). Radula with around 50 rows of teeth of medium size (22 % of total shell length); eight times longer than wide (Figure 16 C, Appendix Table 4); trapezoidal central tooth with a tongue-shaped median cusp and three or four pointed laterals (Figure 16 D, E); lateral teeth longer than wide with two tapered lateral cusps and a rounded median cusp larger than laterals; inner marginal tooth with 11 cusps, approximately longer than those of outer marginal tooth (Figure 16 D, F). Pigmentation and anatomy. Head with dark brown pigment all over its surface except on the edge of snout and external edge tentacles (Figure 17 D); dorsal region of foot also pigmented; pigment on neck clearer than on the head; snout as long as wide and tentacles shorter than snout; foot of intermediate size and anterior edge indented. Ctenidium with 20 – 24 well-developed gill filaments situated in the posterior section occupying most of the pallial cavity; osphradium located in opposite middle of ctenidium and two or three times longer than wide (Figure 17 C, Appendix Table 3). Stomach with a posterior chamber larger than anterior chamber, relatively long caecum in a ventral position of the posterior chamber (Appendix Table 5); style sac shorter than stomach, longer than wide; oesophagus and intestine without pigment (Figure 17 F); rectum lightly S-shaped in pallial cavity. Female genitalia with a capsule gland with two regions (the anterior region more whitish) and a smaller albumen gland (Figure 17 G, Appendix Table 6); bursa copulatrix pyriform J-shaped, relatively narrow after joining duct and later widely expanded; long and narrow bursal duct expanded near the point joining renal oviduct (Figure 17 H); elongated seminal receptacle with short duct, slightly pigmented, attached close to base of renal oviduct; renal oviduct pigmented making one or two folds before the loop which is simple and long, later it continues straight from the loop until insertion of the bursal duct; pigmentation of renal oviduct fades strongly from loop to seminal receptacle (Figure 17 H). Male genitalia with a prostate gland four times longer than wide (Appendix Table 7); vas efferens entering the medial-posterior region and vas deferens exiting at the anterior (Figure 17 E); long penis with a wide base, large pigment patch from middle section to tip and some folds in middle zone (Figure 17 D); attached to central region of head, contains a wavy penial duct running on its right side. Nervous system brown pigmented, darker on ganglia than on connectives and commissures; cerebral ganglia equal in size to pleural ganglia; supraoesophageal connective four times longer than suboesophageal (Figure 17 B, Appendix Table 8); RPG ratio 0.46 (moderately concentrated); straight oesophagus running beneath nervous system (Figure 17 A). Remarks Two characters differentiate P. (C.) marisolae sp. nov. from the other Iberian Pseudamnicola (Corrosella) species: the shape of the bursa copulatrix and the expansion of the bursal duct terminus close to the pallial oviduct. Morphological differentiation between this species and P. (C.) luisi, whose distribution areas are very close, is complex because both species have large conic shells and a pigmented long penis. However, shells of P. (C.) luisi are larger than P. (C.) marisolae sp. nov. and its peristome finishes in a thicker inner lip than in P. (C.) marisolae sp. nov. Furthermore, the penis of P. (C.) luisi is slender and around 0.30 mm longer than in P. (C.) marisolae sp. nov.; its base is also wider. The genetic distance between these two species is 6.0 % (Appendix Table 9). Despite P. (C.) marisolae sp. nov. and P. (C.) falkneri having conic shells, the two species differ according to a set of anatomical characters: the shell is more than 1.5 times taller in P. (C.) marisolae sp. nov.; radular formulae of teeth are very different in both species (Appendix Table 4); the bursa copulatrix is at least two times longer in P. (C.) falkneri; the penis has a pointed tip, small patch of pale pigment and attachment area occupies a central position on the neck in P. (C.) falkneri, but in P. (C.) marisolae sp. nov., the penis has a rounded tip, a long patch of dark pigment and wider base located on the left side of the neck. The genetic distance between P. (C.) marisolae sp. nov. and P. (C.) falkneri is 9.19 % (Appendix Table 9). With respect to other new species, their differentiation is clearer in terms of anatomy than shell shape. Pseudamnicola (C.) marisolae sp. nov. is the only new species whose lateral teeth formula is 2 - C- 2 (Appendix Table 4). The penis of P. (C.) marisolae sp. nov. has a wide base and a large dark patch of pigment in the distal region, whereas this pigmented area is smaller in P. (C.) iruritai sp. nov., P. (C.) manueli sp. nov. and P. (C.) bareai sp. nov. and clearer in P. (C.) andalusica sp. nov. and P. (C.) falkneri. The whole seminal receptacle is pigmented in P. (C.) marisolae sp. nov., whereas in P. (C.) manueli sp. nov., P. (C.) andalusica sp. nov. and P. (C.) iruritai sp. nov., pigmentation is restricted to the duct. The folded bursa copulatrix is J-shaped in P. (C.) marisolae sp. nov., P. (C.) manueli sp. nov., P. (C.) andalusica sp. nov. and P. (C.) falkneri, U-shaped in P. (C.) bareai sp. nov. and P. (C.) luisi and pyriform in P. (C.) iruritai sp. nov.	en	Delicado, Diana, Machordom, Annie, Ramos, Marian A. (2011): Underestimated diversity of hydrobiid snails. The case of Pseudamnicola (Corrosella) (Mollusca: Caenogastropoda: Hydrobiidae). Journal of Natural History (J. Nat. Hist.) 46 (1 - 2): 25-89, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2011.623358, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2011.623358
03C9996EFFE32C19EBCD8D92FD4AFDC6.taxon	materials_examined	Type locality Don Pedro spring at Loja, Granada, Spain, UTM: 30 S 0399460 / 4115074. Type material We have selected as holotype, one shell that, although eroded, represents the most frequent shape of the shells of P. (C.) iruritai. As a result of extensive erosion of this species’ shells, paratypes are very important to provide a reference model of the species. Therefore, the type material consists of: holotype MNCN 15.05 / 53708 a (ESEM preparation, Figure 18 B). Paratypes of around 80 specimens collected at different times: JM. B., MNCN 15.05 / 53708 b (96 % ethanol) and MNCN / ADN 34967 – 34969 (96 % ethanol); JM. B., MNCN 15.05 / 53709 (96 % ethanol); D. D. and C. N., 20 April 2009, MNCN 15.05 / 53710 (70 % ethanol, absolute ethanol and ESEM preparation, Figures 18, 19) and MNCN / ADN 34970 – 34974 (absolute ethanol); I. B., 16 February 2010, MNCN 15.05 / 53711 (70 % ethanol) and MNCN / ADN 34975 – 34976, 39780 (absolute ethanol). Other populations examined This species has been found at only one further locality near the type locality: ditch of Don Pedro spring, Loja, Granada, UTM: 30 S 0399460 / 4115074, D. D. and C. N., 19 April 2009, MNCN 15.05 / 53712 (70 % ethanol) and MNCN / ADN 34947 – 34951 (96 % ethanol). Etymology Dedicated to José María Irurita, Head of the Flora and Fauna Department (Delegación Provincial de Granada, Consejería de Medio Ambiente, Junta de Andalucía) for his contribution to the knowledge of freshwater hydrobiid fauna and invertebrate conservation in Andalusia. Diagnosis Shell slender, inner lip rather thicker than outer; body whorl surface striated; pigmented intestine; female genitalia with a pyriform non-folded bursa copulatrix and a globular seminal receptacle with short duct; penis tapered with a small patch of black pigment in distal region, folded in the middle area; nervous system brown pigmented with a supraoesophageal connective around three times longer than suboesophageal. Description Shell yellowish periostracum with 4.5 – 5.5 spire whorls, height 4.20 – 3.30 mm (Figure 18 A – C, Appendix Table 1); body whorl occupies half of shell length, surface striped; teleoconch and protoconch usually very eroded, being difficult to assess the number of spire whorls; protoconch around 310 µm wide and nucleus width 140 µm (Figure 18 E, F); protoconch microsculpture non-appreciable even in juveniles because of surface grooves and folds due to erosion (Figure 18 G); peristome frontal, oval, complete, with thin outer lip and thicker inner lip in contact with body whorl hiding umbilicus; outer peristome simple, straight and very fragile (Figure 18 D). Operculum with around 3.5 spire whorls (Figure 19 B, Appendix Table 2); internal side has a convex edge and oval muscular attachment is near nucleus (Figure 19 A). Radula medium size (22 % total shell length) and approximately seven times longer than wide (Figure 19 C, Appendix Table 4); around 50 rows of teeth; trapezoidal central tooth with a tongue-shaped central cusp and six laterals of decreasing size, pointed tips (Figure 19 D, E); lateral teeth of left column with four tapered lateral cusps next to central one and three lateral cusps in right column in the three radulae analysed; inner marginal tooth has approximately 20 pointed cusps and outer marginal tooth around 25 shorter cusps (Figure 19 D, F). Pigmentation and anatomy. Head and dorsal side of tentacles dark brown pigmented (Figure 20 D); ocular region not pigmented; dorsal region of foot also pigmented; pigment on neck clearer than on head; snout as long as wide and tentacles longer than snout; foot of intermediate size. Ctenidium with around 18 well-developed gill filaments occupying most of pallial cavity; osphradium appears in opposite middle of the ctenidium and is two times longer than wide (Figure 20 C, Appendix Table 3). Stomach with a posterior chamber larger than anterior, caecum relatively long (Appendix Table 5); style sac shorter than stomach projected under intestine in some specimens; intestine has clear brown pigment (Figure 20 F); rectum slightly S-shaped in pallial cavity. Female genitalia contains an albumen gland smaller than capsule gland with two regions (anterior region is more whitish) (Figure 20 G); bursa copulatrix pyriform nonfolded with straight bursal duct shorter than bursa length (Figure 20 H, Appendix Table 6); pyriform seminal receptacle attached close to base of renal oviduct; straight renal oviduct with pale brown pigmentation from the point where it joins with the bursal duct; darker further along making one or two folds. Male genitalia with a prostate gland three times longer than wide (Appendix Table 7); vas efferens entering the medial-posterior region and pallial vas deferens emerging from the anterior region (Figure 20 E); penis pointed with a wide base, some folds in the middle section and a small expansion near the tip where it contains a patch of clear brown pigment; it is attached to the central region of head (Figure 20 D); penial duct runs straight along the right side of penis. Nervous system brown pigmented, darker on ganglia than on connectives and commissures; cerebroidal ganglia equal in size as well as pleural ganglia; supraoesophageal connective more than three times longer than suboesophageal (Figure 20 B, Appendix Table 8); RPG ratio 0.44 (moderately concentrated); straight oesophagus running beneath nervous system (Figure 20 A). Remarks This species was only found at two very close sites in the Granada province, intra- and inter-population variability being scarce. More variable quantitative characters are: width of penis base, length of bursa copulatrix and seminal receptacle, and length of nervous connectives and commissures. Another variable character is the position of the intestine with respect to the style sac, which either surrounds the sac or crosses it. This character varies among specimens even within populations. Pseudamnicola (C.) iruritai sp. nov. is the only species of the Corrosella subgenus with an extensively eroded shell surface, a pyriform bursa copulatrix and asymmetry in radular columns of lateral teeth (four lateral cusps on left column and three on right column in the three radulae studied). Despite erosion, discriminant function analysis indicates scarce variation in shell shape (Figure 25) and the species, according to shell morphometry, is well differentiated from the rest of the species examined here. In addition to a different shape of the bursa copulatrix, the seminal receptacle is globose and larger than in the rest of the species, especially compared with P. (C.) falkneri and P. (C.) bareai sp. nov., whose seminal receptacles are half the size of those in P. (C.) iruritai sp. nov. The penis is pointed as in P. (C.) manueli sp. nov., but wider, longer and the distal pigment patch is rounder and paler in P. (C.) iruritai sp. nov. This species also shows slight pigmentation at the base of the penis. Pseudamnicola (C.) iruritai sp. nov. belongs to the same clade as P. (C.) luisi, P. (C.) marisolae sp. nov. and P. (C.) andalusica sp. nov. (Figure 26), showing similar shell and penis morphology. However P. (C.) iruritai sp. nov. differs from these according to the following features: (1) the size of specimens, being the smallest in the clade; (2) six lateral cusps on the central radular tooth in P. (C.) iruritai sp. nov., whereas in P. (C.) marisolae sp. nov. and P. (C.) andalusica sp. nov., the number of cusps is four and in P. (C.) luisi it is three; (3) 20 cusps on inner marginal radular teeth (11, 12 and 13 in P. (C.) marisolae sp. nov., P. (C.) luisi and P. (C.) andalusica sp. nov., respectively); (4) bursal duct much shorter than in the other three species (Appendix Table 6); (5) the bursa copulatrix non-folded yet folded in the others; (6) the seminal receptacle in P. (C.) iruritai sp. nov. is globular yet elongated in the rest.	en	Delicado, Diana, Machordom, Annie, Ramos, Marian A. (2011): Underestimated diversity of hydrobiid snails. The case of Pseudamnicola (Corrosella) (Mollusca: Caenogastropoda: Hydrobiidae). Journal of Natural History (J. Nat. Hist.) 46 (1 - 2): 25-89, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2011.623358, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2011.623358
03C9996EFFE32C19EBCD8D92FD4AFDC6.taxon	description	Pseudamnicola (Corrosella) andalusica sp. nov. Type locality La Salud spring in Albanchez de Mágina, Jaén, Spain, UTM: 30 S 0459004 / 4181366. Type material Holotype MNCN 15.05 / 53713 a (ESEM preparation, Figure 21 A), paratypes MNCN 15.05 / 53713 b (96 % ethanol, Figure 21 C – G, 22) and MNCN / ADN 39781 – 39787 (96 % ethanol), JM. B. and I. B., 10 May 2009; I. B., 16 February 2010, MNCN 15.05 / 53714 (70 % ethanol, Figure 23). Other populations examined This species was found at other sites in Málaga and Córdoba provinces: Eduardo spring, Alcaucín, Málaga, UTM: 30 S 04008 / 4085, JM. B., 3 December 2008, MNCN 15.05 / 49425 (96 % ethanol, ESEM preparation, Figure 21 B) and MNCN / ADN 39788 – 39793 (96 % ethanol); Turvilla river, Canillas de Albaida, Málaga, UTM: 30 S 0414592 / 4080904, JM. B., 5 December 2008, MNCN 15.05 / 49426 (96 % ethanol); El Piojo spring, Almedinilla, Córdoba, UTM: 30 S 0404049 / 4143497, JM. B., 5 January 2009, MNCN 15.05 / 49427 (96 % ethanol); Morellana spring, Luque, Córdoba, UTM: 30 S 0390679 / 4154251, JM. B., 2 January 2009, MNCN 15.05 / 49428 (96 % ethanol); Pilar spring, Cabra, Córdoba, UTM: 30 S 0379367 / 4151133, JM. B., 14 January 2009, MNCN 15.05 / 49429 (96 % ethanol). Etymology The name andalusica is a Latin adjective that refers to the Spanish southern region of Andalusia, where this species lives. Diagnosis Shell slender, peristome with inner lip thicker than outer; radula with four lateral cusps in central tooth and three in lateral tooth; intestine pigmented; female genitalia with a pyriform J-shaped bursa copulatrix and an elongated seminal receptacle with a short pigmented duct; renal oviduct brown pigmented; long penis with wide base, a large patch of black pigment on distal region and folds in the middle section; nervous system brown pigmented with dispersed pigment granules; supraoesophageal connective around four times longer than suboesophageal. Description Shell yellowish periostracum, with four to five spire whorls (Figure 21 A, B, Appendix Table 1), height 3.60 – 3.20 mm; protoconch approximately 475 µm wide, with 1.3 whorls and nucleus around 200 µm long (Figure 21 D, E); protoconch microsculpture slightly grooved (Figure 21 F); body whorl about two-thirds of total length; peristome frontal, complete, oval, with thin outer lip and thicker inner lip which partially hides the umbilicus; edge of peristome simple and straight (Figure 21 C). Operculum with around three spire whorls (Figure 22 A, B, Appendix Table 2) and oval muscle attachment on internal side near the nucleus. Radula around 45 rows of teeth; intermediate length (23 % total shell length) and around nine times longer than wide (Figure 22 C, Appendix Table 4); trapezoidal central tooth with a long central cusp and four tapered lateral cusps, slightly sharpening towards central one (Figure 22 D, E); lateral teeth with three sharp lateral cusps, the last one very short; inner marginal teeth contain 13 sharp cusps, shortening towards the base of tooth; outer marginal teeth with around 15 tapered cusps (Figure 22 D, F). Pigmentation and anatomy. Head dark brown pigmented from snout to neck (Figure 23 D); brown pigment also on tentacles but ocular lobes and tip nonpigmented; snout as long as wide, with medial lobation; foot of intermediate length, pigmented dorsal region. Ctenidium composed of around 20 well-developed gill filaments longer than wide situated in middle region of pallial cavity; ellipsoidal osphradium under central gill filaments (Figure 23 C, Appendix Table 3). Stomach slightly longer than wide (Figure 23 E); long gastric caecum; style sac longer than wide, with clear brown pigment and surrounded by brown pigmented intestine (Appendix Table 5). Female genitalia (Figure 23 G, Appendix Table 6) with albumen gland smaller than capsule gland and transparent; capsule gland contains two regions, the anterior one being more transparent; bursa copulatrix pyriform J-shaped with a duct slightly shorter than bursa length; elongated seminal receptacle with short brown pigmented duct (Figure 23 H) linked to renal oviduct above the insertion of bursal duct; renal oviduct straight with clear brown pigment from the joining point of bursal duct to the oviduct fold, from which the oviduct is dark brown pigmented and makes two or three loops thereafter. Male genitalia with a prostate gland around three times longer than wide (Appendix Table 7), vas efferens enters the medial region and vas deferens emerges at its anterior edge (Figure 23 E); penis long, slender, with a blunt distal end and a large grey patch of pigmentation in its middle-distal region; attached to the central head area with some folds in its middle region (Figure 23 D); penial duct running straight close to the external side of penis. Nervous system brown pigmented, darker on ganglia than connectives and commissures, with dispersed pigment granules; cerebral ganglia and pleural ganglia approximately equal in size; supraoesophageal ganglion slightly longer than suboesophageal, and supraoesophageal connective approximately four times longer than suboesophageal (Figure 23 A, B, Appendix Table 8). RPG ratio 0.43 on average (moderately concentrated). Remarks Morphological variability between the two populations examined is mostly found in the female genitalia. Females from Eduardo spring (Málaga) have a wider and shorter bursal duct than those from the type locality and a shorter seminal receptacle without pigment. However, preliminary molecular results indicate relatively low genetic divergence between them (1.8 %). These characters are therefore insufficient to consider them different species. Among the species belonging to the same clade, P. (C.) andalusica sp. nov. shares most synapomorphies with P. (C.) marisolae sp. nov., such as shell size and shape (Figure 25), a slender and pigmented seminal receptacle and a slender penis with a large patch of brown pigment. However, genetic divergence is clear (from 6.38 to 6.54 %, Appendix Table 9) and anatomical differences exist to suggest this species as new. These differences are: (1) pallial oviduct shorter in P. (C.) andalusica sp. nov. than in P. (C.) luisi and P. (C.) marisolae sp. nov., (2) bursal duct with an expansion near the joining point with the renal oviduct in P. (C.) marisolae sp. nov. that is absent in P. (C.) andalusica sp. nov.; (3) wavy bursal duct in P. (C.) andalusica sp. nov. and straight in P. (C.) luisi, P. (C.) marisolae sp. nov. and P. (C.) iruritai sp. nov.; (4) longer penis in P. (C.) andalusica sp. nov. than in P. (C.) marisolae sp. nov. and P. (C.) iruritai sp. nov., and shorter than in P. (C.) luisi; (5) lateral radular teeth formula 3 - C- 3 in P. (C.) andalusica sp. nov., 2 - C- 2 in P. (C.) luisi and P. (C.) marisolae sp. nov. and 3 / 4 - C- 3 / 4 in P. (C.) iruritai sp. nov.	en	Delicado, Diana, Machordom, Annie, Ramos, Marian A. (2011): Underestimated diversity of hydrobiid snails. The case of Pseudamnicola (Corrosella) (Mollusca: Caenogastropoda: Hydrobiidae). Journal of Natural History (J. Nat. Hist.) 46 (1 - 2): 25-89, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2011.623358, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2011.623358
03C9996EFFE92C05EB8F8E7CFE55FE87.taxon	materials_examined	Type locality La Carmonilla spring in Loja, Granada, Spain, UTM: 30 S 399062 / 4113653. Type material The species is described based on the following type material: “ Holotype (NNM 59145) and two paratypes (NNM 59146) ex BOE 1399 ” (Boeters 1999). Material examined After exhaustively exploring the type locality and surrounding areas (according to the standard and Bou-Rouch methods used to collect the original shells) the species could not be found. The holotype, a dry shell, was borrowed from RMNH and examined and measured. One paratype was measured on the picture in the original description. Description Original description in Boeters (1999) (Figures 1, 2). Since no live specimens were found, the description below only includes shell features. Shell shape turbinated, whitish as a result of erosion, height about 3.5 mm (Appendix Table 1), 5.5 shell whorls (Figure 24 A); in non-eroded spire whorls, longitudinal thin stripes can be observed; tip of shell, therefore protoconch, eroded (Figure 24 C); no deep suture between spire whorls and oblique; peristome frontal, complete, oval, with a pointed superior edge; thin outer lip and thicker inner lip which partially hides the umbilicus because of contact with body whorl; in lateral view, peristome is not straight since it is broken (Figure 24 B). Remarks This species was originally described based only on three shells found through “ sondage Bou-Rouch ” (Boeters 1999). Ten years later this sampling method was repeated at the type locality, but no shells were found either there or at any surrounding locality. The description of the species therefore remains incomplete. The type material and original description suggest that shell shape resembles species of Hydrobia Hartmann, 1821 more than Pseudamnicola. In fact, the name of the species refers to similar shell characters to those seen in Hydrobia (Boeters 1999). Given the lack of anatomical data and its similar shell features to the genus Hydrobia, it might be more appropriate to include it in this genus, in Moitessieria Bourguignat, 1863, or a genus other than Pseudamnicola. However, until a live specimen is found, its generic placement remains uncertain. One of the differentiating characters of so called P. (C.) hydrobiopsis is a turbinated shell and 5.5 spire whorls, differing from all the P. (Corrosella) species discovered to date. Pseudamnicola (C.) iruritai sp. nov. inhabits a spring near the type locality of P. (C.) hydrobiopsis, but the shell of P. (C.) iruritai sp. nov. differs in its proportions despite being of similar size. The body whorl and peristome of P. (C.) iruritai sp. nov. are larger and have a thicker inner lip completely hiding the umbilicus, whereas the umbilicus of P. (C.) hydrobiopsis is slit-like. Further, the spire whorls in P. (C.) hydrobiopsis are wider and bear more oblique suture. Pseudamnicola (C.) luisi and P. (C.) marisolae sp. nov. are the closest species geographically, but are larger, more conical, with a larger aperture and umbilicus. Pseudamnicola (C.) falkneri and P. (C.) bareai sp. nov. inhabit the same province but further away, and are smaller, also more conical, with shorter and narrower spire whorls and a thicker inner lip in the peristome.	en	Delicado, Diana, Machordom, Annie, Ramos, Marian A. (2011): Underestimated diversity of hydrobiid snails. The case of Pseudamnicola (Corrosella) (Mollusca: Caenogastropoda: Hydrobiidae). Journal of Natural History (J. Nat. Hist.) 46 (1 - 2): 25-89, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2011.623358, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2011.623358
03C9996EFFE92C05EB8F8E7CFE55FE87.taxon	description	Statistical analysis Discriminant function analysis identified seven highly significant discriminant functions (Wilk’s lambda = 0.00075; F (77, 864) = 26.045, P <0.001). The most discriminant variables included in these functions were: SW, AW, SL- LBW, SL and WPW. For the first function, which accounted for 49.6 % of the explained variance with an eigenvalue of 9.27, the variables that most contributed (higher weight) to this variance were (in order): SW and AmW. For the second function, which accounted for 86.7 % of the accumulated variance, the order was: SL-LBW, SL and WPW. All discriminant functions were highly significant (P <0.001). Of the 160 specimens examined, all P. (C.) falkneri, P.? (C) hydrobiopsis and P. (C.) iruritai sp. nov. were correctly classified (100 %); 93 % of P. (C.) marisolae sp. nov., 92 % of P. (C.) ansalusica sp. nov. and P. (C.) manueli sp. nov., 90 % of P. (C.) bareai sp. nov. and 84 % of P. (C.) luisi individuals were also correctly classified. In the scatterplot (Figure 25) eight clusters can be observed. Two groups of most overlapping clusters emerged: the first one corresponding to two new species [P. (C.) manueli sp. nov. and P. (C.) bareai sp. nov.], which share a similar shape and intermediate shell length and the lowest number of spire whorls. The second one comprised P. (C.) luisi, P. (C.) marisolae sp. nov. and P. (C.) andalusica sp. nov., which are the largest species of Corrosella. Despite the shell shapes of the species examined being similar with the exception of P.? (C.) hydrobiopsis, some differences in size exist; P. (C.) falkneri and P. (C.) luisi had the most different shell sizes. In the scatterplot, populations appeared as two groups for the first function according to shell weight and aperture width. Pseudamnicola (C.) falkneri, P. (C.) iruritai sp. nov. and P.? (C.) hydrobiopsis appear in the same group because they have the narrowest shells, with a higher SL / SW index and narrower aperture. According to the second function, P. (C.) bareai sp. nov., P. (C.) manueli sp. nov. and P. (C.) falkneri are separated from the rest of the species because they show the shortest first spire whorl lengths (SL-LBW) (body whorl excluded). DNA sequence data A data matrix with 21 taxa and 658 characters for COI resulted in 14 different haplotypes. Of these 14 haplotypes, 10 were sequenced in this study (sequences submitted to GenBank under Accession Numbers JF 312218 – JF 312225 and JF 312227 – JF 312228) while P. (P.) lucensis (Issel, 1866) (AF 367651, Wilke et al. 2001), P. (P.) macrostoma negropontica (Clessin, 1878) (EF 061915, Szarowska et al. 2006), Hydrobia acuta acuta (Draparnaud, 1805) (AF 278804, Wilke, Rolán and Davis 2000) and Pyrgula annulata (Linnaeus, 1758) (AY 341258, Szarowska et al. 2005) were obtained from GenBank. Hydrobia acuta acuta and Pyrgula annulata were used as outgroups. Bayesian phylogenetic reconstruction showed strong support for both the Corrosella subgenus clade and for all the new species here described (Figure 26). Within the Corrosella subgenus, two clades exist, but with relatively poor posterior probability values: (I) P. (C.) marisolae sp. nov., P. (C.) luisi, P. (C.) iruritai sp. nov., P. (C.) andalusica sp. nov. and P. (C.) falkneri and (II) P. (C.) bareai sp. nov. and P. (C.) manueli sp. nov. Within the first Corrosella clade the relationship between the first four species is well supported but the position of P. (C.) falkneri as a member of this clade has less support.	en	Delicado, Diana, Machordom, Annie, Ramos, Marian A. (2011): Underestimated diversity of hydrobiid snails. The case of Pseudamnicola (Corrosella) (Mollusca: Caenogastropoda: Hydrobiidae). Journal of Natural History (J. Nat. Hist.) 46 (1 - 2): 25-89, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2011.623358, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2011.623358
